A full-temperature vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles, specifically relating to a full-temperature-range vehicle thermal system architecture based on the environmentally friendly R290 refrigerant. The system includes a compressor, an LCC condenser, a WPTC, a water pump H, a water pump B, a water pump M, a first four-way valve, a second four-way valve, a heating core within the HVAC system and an EVAP evaporator, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, chiller 1, chiller 2, an air conditioning water pump, and a battery HVB. This technical solution uses R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant, prevents flammable refrigerant from entering the passenger compartment through an air conditioning water circulation loop, and achieves full-temperature-range thermal management. This system effectively utilizes heat from various heat-generating components throughout the vehicle, effectively reducing overall heat loss. Furthermore, in spring and autumn, waste heat from the motor can be used to heat the passenger compartment and battery, reducing energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular relates to a full-temperature-range vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant. Background Art

[0002] When electric vehicles operate in low-temperature environments, their thermal management systems must provide sufficient heat to maintain a comfortable interior. The most common heating method is PTC heating. While simple and easy to control, it has a low heating efficiency (0.95), resulting in a range loss of >50%.

[0003] Currently, the refrigerant used in automobile air-conditioning systems is R134a, which has a GWP (global warming potential) of 1350. Refrigerants with a GWP value greater than 150 are defined as non-environmentally friendly refrigerants and are restricted in many countries and regions.

[0004] The electric vehicles currently in mass production are all based on the R134a heat pump heating architecture, such as Figure 1 As shown, the thermal system mainly includes:

[0005] 1) Battery thermal management: Power battery → expansion tank → electronic water pump → WPTC → chiller → power battery. The WPTC (a positive temperature coefficient semiconductor element that heats the battery coolant) provides heat for the battery, while the chiller, coupled to the vehicle's refrigerant circuit, provides cooling for the battery.

[0006] 2) Passenger compartment thermal management: compressor → internal condenser → EXV → outdoor heat exchanger → air conditioning unit and chiller → gas-liquid separator → compressor.

[0007] The battery coolant exchanges heat with the refrigerant, and passenger compartment cooling is coupled to battery cooling. When the battery is heated, the WPTC consumes electricity to heat the battery coolant. When the passenger compartment is heated, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the external environment and dissipates it to the passenger compartment through the internal condenser.

[0008] The disadvantages of R134a heat pump heating architecture are:

[0009] 1) The GWP value of R134a refrigerant is too high and is defined as a non-environmentally friendly refrigerant.

[0010] 2) Since the standard boiling point of R134a is -26.5°C, passenger compartment heating is only suitable for use in environments of -10°C and above, and the operating temperature range is too small.

[0011] 3) When a single battery is used for cooling, a heat pump cannot be used for heating, resulting in high energy consumption.

[0012] 4) The heat generated by other heat-generating components of the vehicle, such as the motor, motor controller, and high-voltage power supply, cannot be recycled, resulting in large heat loss of the vehicle.

[0013] R290 refrigerant is considered to be an environmentally friendly refrigerant due to its GWP value of 3. Currently, a technology has proposed a thermal system architecture based on the four-way reversing valve of R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the thermal system architecture mainly includes HVAC (integrated air conditioning unit), which is installed inside the passenger compartment instrument panel. The HVAC includes internal cooling (for heat dissipation), internal heat exchanger, four-way reversing valve (for changing the direction of refrigerant), compressor (for refrigerant flow), and external heat exchanger (for heat absorption or dissipation). The specific refrigerant flow and function are broken down as follows:

[0014] 1) Vehicle cooling: compressor → four-way valve → external heat exchanger (heat dissipation) → internal cooling → internal heat exchanger (cooling) → four-way valve → gas-liquid separator → compressor.

[0015] 2) Vehicle heating: compressor → four-way valve → internal heat exchanger (heat dissipation) → internal cooling (heat dissipation) → external heat exchanger (heat absorption) → four-way valve → gas-liquid separator → compressor.

[0016] The disadvantages of this thermal system architecture are:

[0017] 1) Environmentally friendly refrigerant R290 (propane) is flammable and directly introduced into the cab, which poses a high risk of fire if leaked.

[0018] 2) It is impossible to reasonably utilize the heat from other heat-generating components of the vehicle, such as the motor and motor controller, resulting in large heat losses in the vehicle.

[0019] 3) The thermal system is relatively dispersed, and the distance between the compressor (located in the engine compartment) and the HVAC (located in the passenger compartment) is relatively far. A large amount of refrigerant R290 needs to be filled, and the concentration after leakage is too high, resulting in a high risk of explosion. Summary of the Invention

[0020] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-temperature-range vehicle thermal system architecture based on the environmentally friendly refrigerant R290. This architecture aims to address the environmental concerns of the current automotive air conditioning refrigerant R134a, the inability to utilize waste heat from components such as motors and motor controllers, the resulting large heat losses in the vehicle, the narrow heating temperature range of existing heat pump systems (>-10°C), the risk of R290 refrigerant leaking into the passenger compartment and combusting, miniaturization of the thermal system, and a reduction in the R290 refrigerant charge.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, this application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0022] A full-temperature vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant includes a compressor, the compressor outlet is connected to the LCC condenser inlet through a pipeline, the LCC condenser first outlet is connected to the WPTC inlet through a pipeline, and the WPTC outlet is connected to the water pump H inlet and the first inlet of the second four-way valve through pipelines.

[0023] The outlet of the water pump H is connected to the inlet of the heating core in the HVAC through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heating core is connected to the inlet of the LCC condenser through a pipeline.

[0024] The first outlet of the second four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second three-way valve through a pipeline, the first outlet and the second outlet of the second three-way valve are both connected to the inlet of the water pump M through pipelines, the outlet of the water pump M is connected to the first inlet of the first four-way valve through a pipeline, the first outlet of the first four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the first three-way valve through a pipeline, the first outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the LCC condenser through a pipeline, and the second outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the first inlet of the second four-way valve through a pipeline;

[0025] The second outlet of the LCC condenser is connected to the inlet of the liquid receiver through a pipeline. The outlet of the liquid receiver is connected to the first inlet of chiller 1 and the first inlet of chiller 2 through pipelines respectively. The first outlet of chiller 1 and the first outlet of chiller 2 are both connected to the inlet of the compressor through pipelines.

[0026] The air conditioning water pump inlet is connected to the second outlet of chiller 1 through a pipeline, the air conditioning water pump outlet is connected to the EVAP evaporator inlet of HVAC through a pipeline, and the EVAP evaporator outlet is connected to the second inlet of chiller 1 through a pipeline;

[0027] The outlet of water pump B is connected to the inlet of battery HVB through a pipeline, the outlet of battery HVB is connected to the second inlet of the first four-way valve through a pipeline, the second outlet of the first four-way valve is connected to the second inlet of chiller2 through a pipeline, the second outlet of chiller2 is connected to the second inlet of the second four-way valve through a pipeline, and the second outlet of the second four-way valve is connected to the inlet of water pump B through a pipeline.

[0028] Furthermore, the second outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the fan heat exchanger through a pipeline, the outlet of the fan heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the LTR through a pipeline, and the outlet of the LTR is connected to the inlet of the water pump M through a pipeline.

[0029] Furthermore, it includes a refrigerant circulation loop, an air conditioning water circulation loop, a vehicle water circulation loop and a battery water circulation loop;

[0030] The refrigerant circulation circuit includes a compressor, an LCC condenser, a liquid receiver, chiller 1 and chiller 2;

[0031] The air conditioning water circulation loop includes an air conditioning water pump, an HVAC internal EVAP evaporator and chiller1;

[0032] The vehicle water circulation loop includes LCC condenser, WPTC, water pump H, HVAC internal heating core, first four-way valve, second four-way valve, first three-way valve, second three-way valve, fan heat exchanger, LTR, water pump M, water pump B, battery HVB and motor and electronic control;

[0033] The battery water circulation loop includes a water pump B, a battery HVB, a first four-way valve, chiller 2 and a second four-way valve.

[0034] Furthermore, it includes a passenger compartment + battery cooling mode:

[0035] The refrigerant circulation direction is: electric compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 and chiller 2 → compressor;

[0036] The air conditioning water circulation direction is: chiller1→air conditioning water pump→EVAP evaporator→chiller1;

[0037] The water circulation direction of the whole vehicle is: LCC condenser → WPTC → first inlet of the second four-way valve → first inlet of the second three-way valve → LTR → water pump M → motor → first inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → LCC condenser;

[0038] The battery water circulation direction is: water pump B → power battery HVB → first four-way valve second inlet → first four-way valve second outlet → chiller → second four-way valve second inlet → second four-way valve second outlet → water pump B.

[0039] Furthermore, it includes passenger compartment + battery heat pump heating mode:

[0040] The refrigerant circulation direction is: compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 → compressor;

[0041] The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is:

[0042] 1) LCC condenser → WPTC → first inlet of second four-way valve → second outlet of second four-way valve → water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of first four-way valve → first outlet of first four-way valve → inlet of first three-way valve → LCC condenser;

[0043] 2) Water pump M → motor electronic control → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller 2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → inlet of the second three-way valve → LTR → water pump M;

[0044] 3) LCC condenser → WPTC → water pump H → heater core → LCC condenser.

[0045] Further, including battery cooling mode:

[0046] The water circulation direction is: water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → first inlet of the second four-way water valve → inlet of the second three-way valve → LTR → water pump M → motor → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B.

[0047] Furthermore, it includes battery heating waste heat recovery mode:

[0048] The water circulation direction is: water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → first inlet of the second four-way valve → first outlet of the second three-way water valve → water pump M → motor → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B.

[0049] Furthermore, it includes heat pump + passenger compartment hot air dehumidification + battery heating mode:

[0050] The refrigerant circulation direction is: compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 & chiller 2 → compressor;

[0051] The air conditioning water circulation direction is: chiller1→air conditioning water pump→EVAP evaporator→chiller1;

[0052] The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is:

[0053] 1) LCC condenser → first inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → LCC condenser;

[0054] 2) Water pump M → motor electronic control → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller 2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → inlet of the second three-way water valve → LTR → water pump M;

[0055] 3) LCC condenser → WPTC → water pump H → heater core → LCC condenser.

[0056] Furthermore, it includes heat pump + passenger compartment hot air dehumidification + battery cooling mode:

[0057] The refrigerant circulation direction is: compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 & chiller 2 → compressor;

[0058] The air conditioning water circulation direction is: chiller1→air conditioning water pump→EVAP evaporator→chiller1;

[0059] The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is:

[0060] 1) Water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way water valve → second outlet of the first four-way water valve → chiller 2 → second inlet of the second four-way water valve → second outlet of the second four-way water valve → water pump B;

[0061] 2) Water pump M → motor and electronic control → first inlet of the first four-way valve → first three-way inlet → LCC condenser → WPTC → first inlet of the second four-way valve → second three-way inlet → LTR → water pump M;

[0062] 3) LCC condenser → WPTC → water pump H → heater core → LCC condenser.

[0063] Furthermore, it includes vehicle and battery heating modes at extremely low temperatures:

[0064] The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is: WPTC → first inlet of the second four-way water valve → second outlet of the second four-way water valve → water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way water valve → inlet of the first three-way water valve → LCC condenser → WPTC.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] This technical solution uses R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant, prevents flammable refrigerant from entering the passenger compartment through the air-conditioning water circulation loop, and can achieve full-temperature thermal management. It can effectively utilize the heat of various heat-generating components of the vehicle, effectively reducing the heat loss of the vehicle. In spring and autumn (-5 to 20℃), the waste heat of the motor can be used to heat the passenger compartment and battery, reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the current R134a heat pump heating architecture.

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal system architecture of the four-way reversing valve based on the R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the full-temperature-range vehicle thermal system architecture based on the R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the refrigerant circulation circuit.

[0071] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning water circulation loop and the vehicle water circulation loop.

[0072] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the battery water circulation loop.

[0073] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the passenger compartment + battery cooling mode.

[0074] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the passenger compartment + battery heat pump heating mode.

[0075] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of battery cooling mode.

[0076] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of waste heat recovery mode for battery heating.

[0077] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of heat pump + passenger compartment hot air dehumidification + battery heating mode.

[0078] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of heat pump + passenger cabin hot air dehumidification + battery cooling mode.

[0079] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the vehicle and battery heating mode at extremely low temperatures.

[0080] Description of reference numerals: DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are merely exemplary and can only be used to explain and illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the technical solution of the present invention.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, this technical solution is a full-temperature-range vehicle thermal system architecture based on the environmentally friendly R290 refrigerant. By adding two four-way valves and two three-way valves, an integrated vehicle thermal system architecture is achieved. This system absorbs heat from the air, recovers waste heat from heat-generating components such as the motor, and utilizes the WPTC to dissipate heat at extremely low temperatures. This completes vehicle thermal management, achieving full temperature coverage.

[0083] A full-temperature-range vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant includes a compressor, wherein the compressor outlet is connected to the LCC condenser inlet via a pipeline, the LCC condenser first outlet is connected to the WPTC inlet via a pipeline, and the WPTC outlet is respectively connected to the water pump H inlet and the first inlet of the second four-way valve via pipelines.

[0084] The outlet of the water pump H is connected to the inlet of the heating core in the HVAC through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heating core is connected to the inlet of the LCC condenser through a pipeline.

[0085] The first outlet of the second four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second three-way valve through a pipeline, the first outlet and second outlet of the second three-way valve are both connected to the inlet of the water pump M through pipelines, the outlet of the water pump M is connected to the first inlet of the first four-way valve through a pipeline, the first outlet of the first four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the first three-way valve through a pipeline, the first outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the LCC condenser through a pipeline, and the second outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the first inlet of the second four-way valve through a pipeline.

[0086] The second outlet of the LCC condenser is connected to the liquid reservoir inlet through a pipeline, the liquid reservoir outlet is connected to the first inlet of chiller1 and the first inlet of chiller2 through pipelines respectively, and the first outlet of chiller1 and the first outlet of chiller2 are both connected to the compressor inlet through pipelines.

[0087] The air conditioning water pump inlet is connected to the second outlet of chiller1 through a pipeline, the air conditioning water pump outlet is connected to the EVAP evaporator inlet of HVAC through a pipeline, and the EVAP evaporator outlet is connected to the second inlet of chiller1 through a pipeline.

[0088] The outlet of water pump B is connected to the inlet of battery HVB through a pipeline, the outlet of battery HVB is connected to the second inlet of the first four-way valve through a pipeline, the second outlet of the first four-way valve is connected to the second inlet of chiller2 through a pipeline, the second outlet of chiller2 is connected to the second inlet of the second four-way valve through a pipeline, and the second outlet of the second four-way valve is connected to the inlet of water pump B through a pipeline.

[0089] The second outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the fan heat exchanger through a pipeline, the outlet of the fan heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the LTR through a pipeline, and the outlet of the LTR is connected to the inlet of the water pump M through a pipeline.

[0090] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the thermal system architecture of the present application mainly includes four circulation loops, namely the refrigerant circulation loop, the air-conditioning water circulation loop, the vehicle circulation water loop and the battery water loop.

[0091] like Figure 4 The refrigerant circuit, shown in blue, includes the compressor, LCC condenser (a liquid condenser used to dissipate heat), liquid reservoir, chiller 1 (for passenger compartment cooling), and chiller 2 (for battery HVB cooling). This technical solution completely separates the refrigerant circuit from the passenger compartment, miniaturizing the refrigerant side and reducing the refrigerant charge. Specifically, in this application, the compressor is integrated with chiller 1, the LCC, and other components, reducing piping and the amount of flammable refrigerant required.

[0092] like Figure 5As shown by the green line, the refrigerant evaporates within chiller 1, absorbing heat. This cools the liquid (ethylene glycol and water) in the refrigerant circuit, which is then pumped into the HVAC system's internal EVAP evaporator to cool the passenger compartment air. The refrigerant circuit's primary function is to transfer cooling and prevent flammable refrigerant from entering the passenger compartment. The air conditioning water circuit includes the HVAC water pump, the HVAC system's internal EVAP evaporator, and chiller 1.

[0093] like Figure 5 The black outline represents the vehicle's water circulation system, which primarily provides passenger compartment heating, battery heating and cooling, cooling the motor control circuit, and heat recovery from the motor electronic control circuit. The vehicle's water circulation system includes the LCC condenser, WPTC, water pump H, HVAC internal heating core, first and second four-way valves, first and second three-way valves, fan heat exchanger, LTR (low-temperature radiator, primarily used to absorb or dissipate heat from the air), water pumps M and B, battery HVB, and motor electronic control components.

[0094] like Figure 6 As shown in the red line part, its main function is to provide thermal management for the battery. The battery water circulation loop includes water pump B, battery HVB, the first four-way valve, chiller2 and the second four-way valve.

[0095] The thermal system architecture of this application features 15 operating modes, each corresponding to different vehicle usage scenarios. By switching between heat pump heating (ambient temperature ≥ -20°C) and WPTC heating (ambient temperature < -20°C), full-temperature heating is achieved. Each of these 15 operating modes will be described below.

[0096] like Figure 7 The solid line part shows the passenger compartment + battery cooling mode:

[0097] The refrigerant circulation direction is: electric compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 and chiller 2 → compressor; among them, the LCC condenser transfers heat to the vehicle water circulation circuit.

[0098] The air conditioning water circulation direction is: chiller1→air conditioning water pump→EVAP evaporator→chiller1.

[0099] The water circulation direction of the whole vehicle is: LCC condenser → WPTC → first inlet of the second four-way valve → first inlet of the second three-way valve → LTR → water pump M → motor → first inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → LCC condenser.

[0100] The battery water circulation direction is: water pump B → power battery HVB → first four-way valve second inlet → first four-way valve second outlet → chiller → second four-way valve second inlet → second four-way valve second outlet → water pump B.

[0101] The heat from the passenger compartment and power battery is transferred to the refrigerant cycle through the air-conditioning water cycle, the refrigerant cycle is transferred to the vehicle water cycle through the LCC condenser, and the vehicle water cycle transfers the heat to the air through the LTR, thereby achieving cooling of the battery and passenger compartment and cooling of the motor electronic control circuit.

[0102] like Figure 8 The solid line shows the passenger compartment + battery heat pump heating mode:

[0103] The refrigerant circulation direction is: compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 → compressor.

[0104] Air conditioning water circulation: not working.

[0105] The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is:

[0106] 1) LCC condenser → WPTC (not in operation) → first inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → first outlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → LCC condenser;

[0107] 2) Water pump M → motor electronic control → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller 2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → inlet of the second three-way valve → LTR → water pump M;

[0108] 3) LCC condenser → WPTC → water pump H → heater core → LCC condenser.

[0109] The LCC condenser transfers heat from the refrigerant side to the water circulation circuit. The heated hot water flows into the heater core to heat the passenger compartment. The heat of the motor electronic control is absorbed by chiller2 and enters the refrigerant circulation. The cold water cooled by chiller2 enters the LTR to absorb heat from the air. The heat in the refrigerant circuit is transferred to the water circulation circuit by the LCC condenser, and the entire circuit forms a closed loop.

[0110] like Figure 9 The solid line shows the battery cooling mode (using the natural environment to dissipate heat, without the intervention of refrigerant):

[0111] Refrigerant cycle: No action.

[0112] Air conditioning water circulation: not working.

[0113] The water circulation direction is: water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → first inlet of the second four-way water valve → inlet of the second three-way valve → LTR → water pump M → motor → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B.

[0114] When the external ambient temperature is low and the battery generates too much heat during fast charging, this cycle can be enabled to transfer the battery heat into the air through the LTR, achieving cooling without increasing energy consumption.

[0115] like Figure 10 The solid line shows the battery heating waste heat recovery mode:

[0116] Refrigerant cycle: No action.

[0117] Air conditioning water circulation: not working.

[0118] The water circulation direction is: water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → first inlet of the second four-way valve → first outlet of the second three-way water valve → water pump M → motor → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B.

[0119] When the ambient temperature is approximately 0°C and the vehicle is traveling at high speed, the waste heat from the motor and electronic control can be used to heat the battery HVB, avoiding waste of motor waste heat and reducing heat loss of the entire vehicle.

[0120] like Figure 11 The solid line portion shows the heat pump + passenger compartment hot air dehumidification + battery heating mode:

[0121] The refrigerant circulation direction is: compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 & chiller 2 → compressor;

[0122] The air conditioning water circulation direction is: chiller1→air conditioning water pump→EVAP evaporator→chiller1;

[0123] The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is:

[0124] 1) LCC condenser → WPTC (not in operation) → first inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → LCC condenser;

[0125] 2) Water pump M → motor electronic control → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller 2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → inlet of the second three-way water valve → LTR → water pump M;

[0126] 3) LCC condenser → WPTC → water pump H → heater core → LCC condenser.

[0127] Dehumidification requires the evaporator to cool and dehumidify, and the air conditioning refrigeration circuit is involved.

[0128] like Figure 12 The solid line portion shows the heat pump + passenger compartment hot air dehumidification + battery cooling mode:

[0129] The refrigerant circulation direction is: compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 & chiller 2 → compressor.

[0130] The air conditioning water circulation direction is: chiller1→air conditioning water pump→EVAP evaporator→chiller1.

[0131] The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is:

[0132] 1) Water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way water valve → second outlet of the first four-way water valve → chiller 2 → second inlet of the second four-way water valve → second outlet of the second four-way water valve → water pump B.

[0133] 2) Water pump M → motor and electronic control → first inlet of the first four-way valve → first three-way inlet → LCC condenser → WPTC → first inlet of the second four-way valve → second three-way inlet → LTR → water pump M.

[0134] 3) LCC condenser → WPTC → water pump H → heater core → LCC condenser.

[0135] Battery cooling is achieved by chiller2 cooling the battery coolant, the motor electronic control waste heat enters the heater core to heat the passenger compartment, and the air conditioning water circulation loop provides dehumidification and cooling for the passenger compartment.

[0136] like Figure 13 The solid line shows the vehicle and battery heating mode at extremely low temperatures:

[0137] Refrigerant cycle: No action.

[0138] Air conditioning water circulation: not working.

[0139] The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is: WPTC → first inlet of the second four-way water valve → second outlet of the second four-way water valve → water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way water valve → inlet of the first three-way water valve → LCC condenser → WPTC.

[0140] When the ambient temperature is less than -20℃, the refrigerant is unable to generate heat due to its physical properties, and WPTC needs to intervene. WPTC heats the water circulation to achieve heating of the passenger compartment and the battery.

[0141] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The basic principles and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A full-temperature vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant, characterized by: It includes a compressor, the compressor outlet is connected to the LCC condenser inlet through a pipeline, the first outlet of the LCC condenser is connected to the WPTC inlet through a pipeline, and the WPTC outlet is connected to the water pump H inlet and the first inlet of the second four-way valve through pipelines. The outlet of the water pump H is connected to the inlet of the heating core in the HVAC through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heating core is connected to the inlet of the LCC condenser through a pipeline. The first outlet of the second four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second three-way valve through a pipeline, the first outlet and the second outlet of the second three-way valve are both connected to the inlet of the water pump M through pipelines, the outlet of the water pump M is connected to the first inlet of the first four-way valve through a pipeline, the first outlet of the first four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the first three-way valve through a pipeline, the first outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the LCC condenser through a pipeline, and the second outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the first inlet of the second four-way valve through a pipeline; The second outlet of the LCC condenser is connected to the inlet of the liquid receiver through a pipeline. The outlet of the liquid receiver is connected to the first inlet of chiller 1 and the first inlet of chiller 2 through pipelines respectively. The first outlet of chiller 1 and the first outlet of chiller 2 are both connected to the inlet of the compressor through pipelines. The air conditioning water pump inlet is connected to the second outlet of chiller 1 through a pipeline, the air conditioning water pump outlet is connected to the EVAP evaporator inlet of HVAC through a pipeline, and the EVAP evaporator outlet is connected to the second inlet of chiller 1 through a pipeline; The outlet of water pump B is connected to the inlet of battery HVB through a pipeline, the outlet of battery HVB is connected to the second inlet of the first four-way valve through a pipeline, the second outlet of the first four-way valve is connected to the second inlet of chiller 2 through a pipeline, the second outlet of chiller 2 is connected to the second inlet of the second four-way valve through a pipeline, and the second outlet of the second four-way valve is connected to the inlet of water pump B through a pipeline; The second outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the fan heat exchanger through a pipeline, the outlet of the fan heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the LTR through a pipeline, and the outlet of the LTR is connected to the inlet of the water pump M through a pipeline; Including refrigerant circulation loop, air conditioning water circulation loop, vehicle water circulation loop and battery water circulation loop; The refrigerant circulation circuit includes a compressor, an LCC condenser, a liquid receiver, chiller 1 and chiller 2; The air conditioning water circulation loop includes an air conditioning water pump, an HVAC internal EVAP evaporator and chiller1; The vehicle water circulation loop includes LCC condenser, WPTC, water pump H, HVAC internal heating core, first four-way valve, second four-way valve, first three-way valve, second three-way valve, fan heat exchanger, LTR, water pump M, water pump B, battery HVB and motor and electronic control; The battery water circulation loop includes a water pump B, a battery HVB, a first four-way valve, chiller 2 and a second four-way valve.

2. The full-temperature range vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Including passenger compartment + battery cooling mode: The refrigerant circulation direction is: electric compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 and chiller 2 → compressor; The air conditioning water circulation direction is: chiller1→air conditioning water pump→EVAP evaporator→chiller1; The water circulation direction of the whole vehicle is: LCC condenser → WPTC → first inlet of the second four-way valve → first inlet of the second three-way valve → LTR → water pump M → motor → first inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → LCC condenser; The battery water circulation direction is: water pump B → power battery HVB → first four-way valve second inlet → first four-way valve second outlet → chiller → second four-way valve second inlet → second four-way valve second outlet → water pump B.

3. The full-temperature range vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Including passenger compartment + battery heat pump heating mode: The refrigerant circulation direction is: compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 → compressor; The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is: 1) LCC condenser → WPTC → first inlet of second four-way valve → second outlet of second four-way valve → water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of first four-way valve → first outlet of first four-way valve → inlet of first three-way valve → LCC condenser; 2) Water pump M → motor electronic control → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller 2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → inlet of the second three-way valve → LTR → water pump M; 3) LCC condenser → WPTC → water pump H → heater core → LCC condenser.

4. The full-temperature range vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Includes battery cooling mode: The water circulation direction is: water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → first inlet of the second four-way water valve → inlet of the second three-way valve → LTR → water pump M → motor → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B.

5. The full-temperature range vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Including battery heating waste heat recovery mode: The water circulation direction is: water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → first inlet of the second four-way valve → first outlet of the second three-way water valve → water pump M → motor → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B.

6. The full-temperature range vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Including heat pump + passenger compartment hot air dehumidification + battery heating mode: The refrigerant circulation direction is: compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 & chiller 2 → compressor; The air conditioning water circulation direction is: chiller1→air conditioning water pump→EVAP evaporator→chiller1; The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is: 1) LCC condenser → first inlet of the second four-way valve → second outlet of the second four-way valve → water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way valve → inlet of the first three-way valve → LCC condenser; 2) Water pump M → motor electronic control → first inlet of the first four-way valve → second outlet of the first four-way valve → chiller 2 → second inlet of the second four-way valve → inlet of the second three-way water valve → LTR → water pump M; 3) LCC condenser → WPTC → water pump H → heater core → LCC condenser.

7. The full-temperature range vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Including heat pump + passenger compartment hot air dehumidification + battery cooling mode: The refrigerant circulation direction is: compressor → LCC condenser → liquid receiver → chiller 1 & chiller 2 → compressor; The air conditioning water circulation direction is: chiller1→air conditioning water pump→EVAP evaporator→chiller1; The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is: 1) Water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way water valve → second outlet of the first four-way water valve → chiller 2 → second inlet of the second four-way water valve → second outlet of the second four-way water valve → water pump B; 2) Water pump M → motor and electronic control → first inlet of the first four-way valve → first three-way inlet → LCC condenser → WPTC → first inlet of the second four-way valve → second three-way inlet → LTR → water pump M; 3) LCC condenser → WPTC → water pump H → heater core → LCC condenser.

8. The full-temperature range vehicle thermal system architecture based on R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Including vehicle and battery heating mode at extremely low temperatures: The direction of vehicle water circulation + battery water circulation is: WPTC → first inlet of the second four-way water valve → second outlet of the second four-way water valve → water pump B → battery HVB → second inlet of the first four-way water valve → inlet of the first three-way water valve → LCC condenser → WPTC.

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