Electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lake and method for extracting lithium from salt lake

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of salt lake lithium extraction, in particular to an electrodialysis device for salt lake lithium extraction and a salt lake lithium extraction method.The electrodialysis device comprises a frame and a plurality of electrode plates arranged in the frame, and the interiors of the electrode plates are fixedly connected with a plurality of membrane stacks; the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the electrode plate and is respectively communicated with the plurality of membrane stacks, the bottom of the electrode plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of water outlet pipes communicated with the membrane stacks, the interior of the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected with a partition plate for separating raw water, and the interior of the water inlet pipe is provided with a water filtering assembly for pretreating the raw water and a flow slowing plate. The multiple flow slowing plates are rotationally connected into the water inlet pipe and used for buffering raw water, the bottom of the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected with an oil shell storing oil liquid, and the top of the oil shell is provided with a plurality of turbulence making assemblies for adjusting the angles of the flow slowing plates. The three-leaf filter screen can efficiently filter impurities and particulate matters in raw water, and ensures that the water entering the membrane stack is clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium extraction from salt lakes, and in particular to an electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes and a method for extracting lithium from salt lakes. Background Art

[0002] Lithium extraction from salt lakes is an important process for extracting lithium resources from salt lake brine. As a key material in the fields of new energy, electronics industry and high-end manufacturing, the demand for lithium has continued to grow in recent years. Traditional methods for extracting lithium from salt lakes mainly include evaporation crystallization, precipitation and adsorption, but these methods have problems such as high energy consumption, long cycle and environmental pollution, and are difficult to meet the needs of large-scale industrial production. Electrodialysis technology, as an efficient and environmentally friendly separation technology, has received widespread attention and application in the field of lithium extraction from salt lakes in recent years.

[0003] For example, the patent document with the prior art announcement number CN118874223B is an environmentally friendly waste battery recycling and lithium extraction device and process, including a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device includes: two end plates, and an electrodialysis assembly for concentrating a lithium-containing solution is arranged between the two end plates; the electrodialysis assembly includes a plurality of partitions, and a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate are fixedly arranged in the middle of the partition. In the patent document, when the power is on, the electrostrictive net drives the bipolar membrane and the cation membrane to form a specific bending structure, prolonging the time that the raw water is located in the acid channel and the concentrated water channel, so that the electrolysis is more complete. When cleaning, the device is powered off, the bipolar membrane and the cation membrane are both in a soft state, and the cleaning liquid is injected into the acid channel and the concentrated water channel in a pulsed manner, so that the cleaning liquid quickly flushes the bipolar membrane and the cation membrane, and at the same time, the bipolar membrane and the cation membrane continuously swing and rub against each other to accelerate descaling, thereby achieving the purpose of fast cleaning and good cleaning effect.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art has made progress in innovatively driving the bipolar membrane and the cation membrane to form a specific curved structure by setting an electrostrictive net. This design is intended to extend the residence time of the raw water in the acid channel and the concentrated water channel to promote the full progress of the electrolysis process. However, in actual application, the raw water inevitably contains a certain amount of impurities. When these raw waters containing impurities enter the curved structure composed of the bipolar membrane and the cation membrane, due to the special morphology of the structure and the effect of fluid dynamics, the raw water will be subjected to a certain impact, which may not only cause the impurity particles in the raw water to collide with the membrane surface, but also aggravate the accumulation of impurities in the membrane. In particular, when the bipolar membrane and the cation membrane form a specific curved structure, some tiny depressions or gaps may be formed on the inner surface of the membrane, and these areas are more likely to become "hot spots" for impurity accumulation. Over time, these accumulated impurities will gradually form a scale layer, covering the surface of the membrane, thereby seriously affecting the permeability and electrolysis efficiency of the membrane. To this end, the present application proposes an electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from a salt lake and a method for extracting lithium from a salt lake. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes and a method for extracting lithium from salt lakes to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from a salt lake, comprising a frame and a plurality of electrode plates arranged inside the frame, wherein a plurality of membrane stacks are fixedly connected inside the plurality of electrode plates, and further comprising: A water inlet pipe, which is fixedly connected to the top of the electrode plate and is respectively connected to a plurality of membrane stacks; a plurality of water outlet pipes connected to the membrane stacks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrode plate; a partition plate for separating raw water is fixedly connected inside the water inlet pipe; a water filter assembly for pre-treating raw water is arranged inside the water inlet pipe; The slow flow plate is structured as a plurality of plates that are rotatably connected to the inside of the water inlet pipe for buffering raw water, the bottom of the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to an oil shell storing oil, and the top of the oil shell is provided with a plurality of turbulence control components for adjusting the angle of the slow flow plate; The diverter plate is rotatably connected to one side of the partition plate for pushing raw water. The interior of the diverter plate is configured with a liquid cavity for storing precipitants. One side of the partition plate is rotatably connected to a crank, and the interior of the liquid cavity is provided with a discharge assembly adapted to the crank.

[0007] Preferably, the water filter assembly includes a plurality of three-leaf filter screens arranged inside the water inlet pipe, and one end of the plurality of three-leaf filter screens is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft rotatably connected to the partition plate, a plurality of inclined grooves are opened on one side of the partition plate, and a cleaning roller that can resist the three-leaf filter screens is slidably connected in the plurality of inclined grooves, and one end of the cleaning roller is fixedly connected to a tension spring fixedly connected to the inclined groove.

[0008] Preferably, the turbulence control component includes a plurality of sleeves fixedly connected to the top of the oil casing, and the tops of the plurality of sleeves are slidably connected with piston rods adapted thereto, the tops of the piston rods are fixedly connected with push blocks that abut against the bottom of a flow control plate, the top of the flow control plate is configured with a dust collecting groove for storing impurities, the interior of the dust collecting groove is fixedly connected with a magnetic strip, and the top of the push block is configured with a protrusion that abuts against the magnetic strip.

[0009] Preferably, one side of the oil shell is slidably connected to a plurality of sliding rods, and an extrusion plate fixedly connected to the plurality of sliding rods is provided inside the oil shell, the extrusion plate is used to squeeze the oil in the oil shell, the bottom of the water inlet pipe is slidably connected to a plurality of transmission rods, and the ends of the plurality of sliding rods away from the extrusion plate are fixedly connected to an inclined block, the bottom of the transmission rod is adapted to the top of the inclined block, and the top of the transmission rod is in contact with one end of the crank.

[0010] Preferably, the discharge assembly includes a double-headed discharge rod slidably connected to the inside of the liquid chamber, one side of the liquid chamber is provided with a discharge hole for discharging the precipitant, one end of the double-headed discharge rod is adapted to the inside of the discharge hole, and the top of the crank is fixedly connected with a resistance piece that can resist one end of the double-headed discharge rod.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to a cam that can abut against one end of the crank, one side of the water inlet pipe is provided with multiple water inlets, and one end of each of the multiple diverter plates is fixedly connected to a spring that is fixedly connected to the partition plate.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of flow limiting plates are fixedly connected to the interior of the water inlet pipe, and a plurality of heaters are fixedly connected to one side of the plurality of flow limiting plates.

[0013] Preferably, a drive motor is fixedly connected to one side of the water inlet pipe, and an output end of the drive motor extends to the inside of the water inlet pipe and is fixedly connected to a plurality of turbine blades.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of fixing rods are fixedly connected inside the electrode plate.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for extracting lithium from a salt lake, comprising the following steps: S1. When in use, firstly pour the raw water into the water inlet pipe and discharge it from the water outlet pipe through the membrane stack. When the raw water enters the water inlet pipe, it will be filtered by the water filter assembly; S2. When the water filter assembly is running, the turbulence control assembly will be driven to run and change the inclination angle of the slow flow plate, so that the slow flow plate will continuously move up and down to change the lifting angle of the raw water, so that the raw water forms turbulence and avoids its concentration polarization phenomenon; S3, then the discharge component operates so that when the raw water contacts the diverter plate, the precipitant is discharged at the same time and mixed with the raw water and enters the water inlet; S4. The raw water will pass through the membrane stack, and a DC electric field will be applied to both ends of the electrode plates to form an electric field force. Under the electric field force, the anions in the water will migrate to the anode in the membrane stack, and the cations will migrate to the cathode in the membrane stack. During the migration process, the anions will enter the concentration chamber through the anionic membrane in the membrane stack, and the cations will enter another concentration chamber through the cationic membrane in the membrane stack, thereby realizing the extraction of lithium.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The three-leaf filter can effectively filter out impurities and particulate matter in the raw water, ensuring the clean water quality entering the membrane stack and reducing the risk of clogging of the membrane stack. As the raw water flows, the three-leaf filter will continue to rotate. The cleaning roller is close to the surface of the filter under the action of the tension spring, automatically cleaning the impurities attached to the filter, extending the service life of the filter and reducing the need for manual maintenance. The liquid cavity inside the diverter plate is used to store the precipitant. The discharge of the precipitant is accurately controlled by the discharge component. After mixing with the raw water, alkaline metal impurities such as calcium and magnesium are effectively removed, optimizing the water quality of the subsequent electrodialysis process. The discharge component realizes the precise discharge of the precipitant through the cooperation of the double-headed discharge rod and the discharge hole, as well as the interaction between the contact piece and the crank, avoiding the problem of excessive or insufficient discharge. The entire discharge process is automatically completed by the cam driving the crank to swing, without manual intervention, improving the automation level of the equipment. The diverter plate rotates under the drive of the crank, increasing the contact area with the raw water, promoting the full mixing of the raw water and the precipitant, and improving the precipitation efficiency.

[0017] 2. The combination of the slow flow plate and the flow limiting plate can effectively slow down the flow rate of raw water inside the water inlet pipe, ensure the uniform distribution of water flow, avoid the concentration polarization phenomenon caused by excessive or low local flow rate, and improve the efficiency of lithium ion migration. The slow flow plate is pushed to move continuously by the piston rod to achieve angle changes, further enhance the self-mixing of raw water, and avoid the formation of concentration polarization layer. At the same time, turbulence enhances the mixing effect of the fluid, allowing ions to migrate to the membrane surface faster, improving the efficiency of electrodialysis. The magnetic strip in the dust collecting tank absorbs the impurity particles in the raw water. At the same time, the push block moves up and down to drive the convex block to scrape off the impurities on the magnetic strip, realizing the self-cleaning function and reducing the need for manual maintenance. The oil in the oil shell serves as a power source, evenly resisting the upward and downward movement of multiple piston rods, and realizing a stable driving force. With the continuous entry of raw water and the cooperation of the crank, the operation of the turbulence control component is realized automatically, which improves convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which multiple electrode plates are removed in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single electrode plate in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water inlet pipe in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the water inlet pipe in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a water inlet pipe in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sleeve in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the oil shell in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crank in the present invention; Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cam in the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid chamber in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 100, frame; 101, end plate; 102, electrode plate; 103, membrane stack; 104, fixing rod; 200, water inlet pipe; 201, water outlet pipe; 202, water inlet; 203, driving motor; 204, turbine blade; 205, partition plate; 206, three-leaf filter; 207, cleaning roller; 208, tension spring; 300, slow flow plate; 301, flow limiting plate; 302, heater; 303 , dust collecting tank; 304, oil shell; 305, sleeve; 306, piston rod; 307, push block; 308, magnetic strip; 309, extrusion plate; 310, slide bar; 311, inclined block; 312, transmission rod; 400, diverter plate; 401, cam; 402, crank; 403, connecting shaft; 404, discharge hole; 405, double-headed discharge rod; 406, liquid chamber; 407, spring; 408, contact piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3The present invention provides a technical solution: an electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes, comprising a frame 100 and a plurality of electrode plates 102 arranged therein, wherein a plurality of membrane stacks 103 are fixedly connected inside the plurality of electrode plates 102, and a plurality of fixed rods 104 are fixedly connected inside the electrode plates 102, wherein the membrane stack 103 comprises: electrodes, which generally comprise anodes and cathodes, which are connected to an external DC power supply through wires to form an electric field. Ion exchange membranes, which are divided into anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes. These membranes have selective permeability to specific ions, that is, only anions or cations are allowed to pass through, but water molecules or other ions are not allowed to pass through. Ion exchange resins, which are filled in the fresh water chamber, are generally a mixture of sulfonic acid type cation resins and quaternary amine type anion resins, which can adsorb and exchange ions in water. A partition, which is used to separate the fresh water chamber and the concentrated water chamber, form a water flow channel, and play the role of water distribution and water collection. The partition is usually made of hard polyvinyl chloride board, and has water distribution holes, water distribution troughs, water channels, water collection troughs and water collection holes, concentrated water chambers and fresh water chambers. The concentrated water chamber is used to collect the impurity ions to be removed, while the fresh water chamber is the main place for ion exchange. The electrode plate 102 can input direct current to form an electric field force.

[0022] For further information, see Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 , further comprising a water inlet pipe 200, which is fixedly connected to the top of the electrode plate 102 and is respectively connected to the plurality of membrane stacks 103, the bottom of the electrode plate 102 is fixedly connected to a plurality of water outlet pipes 201 connected to the membrane stacks 103, the interior of the water inlet pipe 200 is fixedly connected to a partition plate 205 for separating raw water, the interior of the water inlet pipe 200 is provided with a water filter assembly for pre-treating raw water, the water filter assembly comprises a plurality of three-leaf filter screens 206 arranged inside the water inlet pipe 200, and one end of each of the plurality of three-leaf filter screens 206 is fixedly connected to a separator plate 205 for separating raw water, and the separator plate 205 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrode plate 102 ... The partition plate 205 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 403, and a plurality of inclined grooves are opened on one side of the partition plate 205, and a cleaning roller 207 that can contact with the three-leaf filter 206 is slidably connected in the multiple inclined grooves, and one end of the cleaning roller 207 is fixedly connected to a tension spring 208 fixedly connected to the inclined groove. By setting the three-leaf filter 206, impurities in the raw water can be filtered, and the three-leaf filter 206 can be pushed by the raw water, so as to continuously exchange the blades and improve its filtering effect, thereby reducing impurities in the raw water and reducing the accumulation of impurities in the membrane stack 103.

[0023] See also Fig. 9 , Fig.10 as well as Fig.11, and also includes a diverter plate 400, which is rotatably connected to one side of the partition plate 205 for pushing raw water. The internal structure of the diverter plate 400 is provided with a liquid cavity 406 for storing a precipitant. A crank 402 is rotatably connected to one side of the partition plate 205, and the interior of the liquid cavity 406 is provided with a discharge component adapted to the crank 402. By setting the discharge component, an appropriate amount of precipitant can be discharged to mix with the raw water to remove alkaline metal impurities such as calcium and magnesium in the raw water, thereby optimizing the subsequent electrodialysis process.

[0024] Furthermore, the discharge assembly includes a double-headed discharge rod 405 slidably connected to the inside of the liquid chamber 406, a discharge hole 404 for discharging the precipitant is opened on one side of the liquid chamber 406, one end of the double-headed discharge rod 405 is adapted to the inside of the discharge hole 404, a contact piece 408 that can contact one end of the double-headed discharge rod 405 is fixedly connected to the top of the crank 402, a cam 401 that can contact one end of the crank 402 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting shaft 403, a plurality of water inlets 202 are opened on one side of the water inlet pipe 200, and a spring fixedly connected to the partition plate 205 is fixedly connected to one end of each of the plurality of diverter plates 400. 407, the precipitant can be stored by setting the liquid chamber 406, and after the raw water enters the water inlet pipe 200, the transmission cam 401 rotates due to the three-leaf filter 206, thereby continuously hitting the crank 402, thereby driving one end of the double-headed discharge rod 405 to be misaligned with the discharge hole 404, so that the liquid chamber 406 is connected with the discharge hole 404 to discharge the precipitant and mix it with the raw water. At the same time, when the crank 402 swings, it will also drive the diverter plate 400 to rotate together. At this time, the diverter plate 400 will increase the contact area with the raw water, thereby guiding the raw water to be discharged, and at the same time buffering the raw water to provide time for its mixing with the precipitant.

[0025] Specifically, when the raw water enters the water inlet pipe 200, it will be guided by the partition plate 205 and resisted by the flow limiting plate 301 to pass through the three-leaf filter 206 and drive it to rotate. At the same time, the three-leaf filter 206 filters impurities in the raw water. At the same time, when the three-leaf filter 206 moves, it will push the cleaning roller 207 to move so as to clean the outer surface of the three-leaf filter 206. At the same time, when the three-leaf filter 206 is pushed by the raw water, it will drive the connecting shaft 403 to rotate and drive the cam 401 to rotate, so that the cam 401 continuously hits one end of the crank 402. Before the raw water enters the water inlet 202, it will be resisted by the diverter plate 400, diverting it so that part of the raw water will resist it and enter the water inlet 202. At the same time, when one end of the crank 402 moves downward, it will drive the resistance piece 408 to resist one end of the double-headed drainage rod 405, so that the double-headed drainage rod 405 passes over the drainage hole 404 and opens the drainage hole 404 to discharge the adsorbent in the liquid cavity 406. When the raw water resists the diverter plate 400, the precipitant is discharged at the same time and mixed with the raw water to enter the water inlet 202.

[0026] In summary, the three-leaf filter 206 can effectively filter out impurities and particulate matter in the raw water, ensure the clean water quality entering the membrane stack, and reduce the risk of clogging of the membrane stack. As the raw water flows, the three-leaf filter will continue to rotate, and the cleaning roller 207 will cling to the surface of the filter under the action of the tension spring 208, automatically cleaning the impurities attached to the filter, extending the service life of the filter and reducing the need for manual maintenance. The liquid chamber 406 inside the diverter plate 400 is used to store the precipitant, and the discharge of the precipitant is accurately controlled by the discharge component. After mixing with the raw water, it effectively removes alkaline metals such as calcium and magnesium. Impurities are removed, which optimizes the water quality of the subsequent electrodialysis process. The discharge component achieves accurate discharge of the precipitant through the cooperation of the double-headed discharge rod 405 and the discharge hole 404, as well as the interaction between the contact piece 408 and the crank 402, avoiding the problem of excess or insufficient discharge. The entire discharge process is automatically completed by the cam 401 driving the crank 402 to swing, without human intervention, thus improving the automation level of the equipment. The diverter plate 400 rotates under the drive of the crank 402, increasing the contact area with the raw water, promoting the full mixing of the raw water and the precipitant, and improving the precipitation efficiency.

[0027] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 The present invention also provides a technical solution, which is different from the technical solution of the first embodiment: an electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from a salt lake, further comprising a slow flow plate 300, which is structured as a plurality of slow flow plates 300 that are rotatably connected to the inside of a water inlet pipe 200 for buffering raw water, a bottom of the water inlet pipe 200 is fixedly connected to an oil shell 304 storing oil, and a plurality of turbulence control components for adjusting the angle of the slow flow plate 300 are arranged on the top of the oil shell 304, a plurality of flow limiting plates 301 are fixedly connected to the inside of the water inlet pipe 200, and one side of the plurality of flow limiting plates 301 is fixedly connected to There are multiple heaters 302. By setting the slow flow plate 300 and the flow limiting plate 301 together, the flow speed of the raw water in the water inlet pipe 200 can be slowed down, so that it moves slowly to ensure uniform distribution, avoid concentration polarization caused by local excessively high or low flow rates, improve lithium ion migration efficiency, and reduce energy consumption. The turbulence control component can continuously change the angle of the slow flow plate 300 to further improve the self-mixing of the raw water, thereby further avoiding the concentration polarization layer. At the same time, turbulence enhances the mixing effect of the fluid, allowing ions to migrate to the membrane surface faster.

[0028] Furthermore, the turbulence control component includes a plurality of sleeves 305 fixedly connected to the top of the oil shell 304, and the tops of the plurality of sleeves 305 are slidably connected with piston rods 306 adapted thereto, the tops of the piston rods 306 are fixedly connected with push blocks 307 that abut against the bottom of the slow flow plate 300, the top of the slow flow plate 300 is configured with a dust collecting groove 303 for storing impurities, the interior of the dust collecting groove 303 is fixedly connected with a magnetic strip 308, and the top of the push block 307 is configured with a convex block that abuts against the magnetic strip 308. The piston rod 306 can push the slow flow plate 300 to move continuously, thereby realizing angle change. At the same time, when the raw water is blocked by the slow flow plate 300 and turbulence occurs, the debris particles inside it will separate from the raw water and fall onto the surface of the slow flow plate 300, thereby being adsorbed by the magnetic strip 308 in the dust collecting tank 303. At the same time, the impurities scraped off by the cleaning roller 207 will also be disturbed by the raw water and enter the dust collecting tank 303. When the push block 307 moves up and down, it will drive the protrusion on its top to scrape off the impurities attached to the magnetic strip 308.

[0029] Among them, one side of the oil shell 304 is slidably connected with multiple sliding rods 310, and the interior of the oil shell 304 is provided with an extrusion plate 309 fixedly connected to the multiple sliding rods 310, the extrusion plate 309 is used to squeeze the oil in the oil shell 304, and the bottom of the water inlet pipe 200 is slidably connected with multiple transmission rods 312, and the ends of the multiple sliding rods 310 away from the extrusion plate 309 are fixedly connected with an inclined block 311, the bottom of the transmission rod 312 is adapted to the top of the inclined block 311, and the top of the transmission rod 312 is in contact with one end of the crank 402. With the continuous entry of raw water and the cooperation with the crank 402, the operation of the turbulence control component can be automatically realized, thereby improving convenience, and the oil filled in the oil shell 304 will be used as a power to evenly contact the multiple piston rods 306 to move up and down, thereby realizing a stable driving force.

[0030] Furthermore, a drive motor 203 is fixedly connected to one side of the water inlet pipe 200, and the output end of the drive motor 203 extends to the inside of the water inlet pipe 200 and is fixedly connected to a plurality of turbine blades 204. The provision of a plurality of turbine blades 204 at the same time can effectively drive the uniform flow of raw water and improve its efficiency in passing through the partition plate 205 and entering the other side of the water inlet pipe 200.

[0031] Specifically, the flow rate of the raw water can be slowed down with the cooperation of the slow flow plate 300 and the limiting plate 301. Then, the driving motor 203 is turned on to drive the multiple turbine blades 204 to rotate and apply a rotational force to the raw water, so that the heavy particles sink along the wall. The cam 401 continuously hits one end of the crank 402, thereby driving the transmission rod 312 to move downward continuously and squeeze the inclined block 311 to make it translate, thereby pushing the extrusion plate 309 to move in the oil shell 304, and then squeezing the oil in the oil shell 304 so that it enters the sleeve 305 and squeezes the piston rod 306 to move upward, thereby changing the inclination angle of the slow flow plate 300, so that the slow flow plate 300 continuously moves up and down to change the lifting angle of the raw water, so that the raw water forms turbulence and avoids its concentration polarization phenomenon.

[0032] In summary, the slow flow plate 300 cooperates with the flow limiting plate 301 to effectively slow down the flow rate of raw water inside the water inlet pipe 200, ensures the uniform distribution of water flow, avoids the concentration polarization phenomenon caused by excessively high or low local flow rate, and improves the efficiency of lithium ion migration. The slow flow plate 300 is pushed to move continuously by the piston rod 306 to achieve angle change, further enhance the self-mixing of raw water, and avoid the formation of concentration polarization layer. At the same time, turbulence enhances the mixing effect of the fluid, so that ions migrate to the membrane surface faster, and improves the efficiency of electrodialysis. The magnetic strip in the dust collecting tank 303 absorbs the impurity particles in the raw water. At the same time, the push block 307 moves up and down to drive the protrusion to scrape off the impurities on the magnetic strip, realizing the self-cleaning function and reducing the need for manual maintenance. The oil in the oil shell 304 is used as a power source to evenly resist the upward and downward movement of multiple piston rods 306, and realize a stable driving force. With the continuous entry of raw water and the cooperation of the crank 402, the operation of the turbulence control component is realized automatically, which improves convenience.

[0033] Example 3: Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The present invention also provides a technical solution, which is different from the technical solution of embodiment 1: a method for extracting lithium from a salt lake, comprising the following steps: S1. When in use, firstly, raw water is poured into the water inlet pipe 200 and discharged from the water outlet pipe 201 through the membrane stack 103. When the raw water enters the water inlet pipe 200, it will be guided by the partition plate 205 and resisted by the flow limiting plate 301 to pass through the three-leaf filter 206 to drive it to rotate. At the same time, the three-leaf filter 206 filters impurities in the raw water. At the same time, when the three-leaf filter 206 moves, it will push the cleaning roller 207 to move so as to clean the outer surface of the three-leaf filter 206. Under the cooperation of the slow flow plate 300 and the flow limiting plate 301, the flow speed of the raw water can be slowed down. S2. Then, the driving motor 203 is turned on to drive the multiple turbine blades 204 to rotate and exert a rotational force on the raw water, so that the heavy particles sink along the wall surface. As the raw water flows, the particles enter the other side of the water inlet pipe 200 and are discharged through the multiple water inlets 202. At the same time, when the three-leaf filter 206 is pushed by the raw water, the connecting shaft 403 is driven to rotate and the cam 401 is driven to rotate, so that the cam 401 continuously hits one end of the crank 402, thereby driving the transmission rod 312 to continuously move downward and squeeze the inclined block 311 to make it move horizontally, thereby pushing the extrusion plate 309 to move in the oil shell 304, and then squeezing the oil in the oil shell 304 so that it enters the sleeve 305 and squeezes the piston rod 306 to move upward, thereby changing the inclination angle of the slow flow plate 300, so that the slow flow plate 300 continuously moves up and down to change the lifting angle of the raw water, so that the raw water forms turbulence and avoids its concentration polarization phenomenon; S3. Before the raw water enters the water inlet 202, it will be resisted by the diverter plate 400, diverting it so that part of the raw water will resist it and enter the water inlet 202. At the same time, when one end of the crank 402 moves downward, it will drive the resisting sheet 408 to resist one end of the double-headed liquid discharge rod 405, so that the double-headed liquid discharge rod 405 passes over the discharge hole 404 and opens the discharge hole 404 to discharge the adsorbent in the liquid cavity 406. When the raw water contacts the diverter plate 400, the precipitant is discharged at the same time and mixed with the raw water to enter the water inlet 202. S4. After passing through the water inlet 202, the raw water will pass through the membrane stack 103. At the same time, a DC electric field is applied to both ends of the electrode plate 102 to form an electric field force. Under the electric field force, the anions in the water will migrate to the anode in the membrane stack 103, and the cations will migrate to the cathode in the membrane stack 103. During the migration process, the anions will enter the concentration chamber through the anionic membrane in the membrane stack 103, and the cations will enter another concentration chamber through the cationic membrane in the membrane stack 103, thereby realizing the extraction of lithium.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from a salt lake, comprising a frame (100) and a plurality of electrode plates (102) arranged inside the frame, wherein a plurality of membrane stacks (103) are fixedly connected inside the plurality of electrode plates (102), characterized in that: Also includes: A water inlet pipe (200) fixedly connected to the top of the electrode plate (102) and respectively connected to the plurality of membrane stacks (103); a plurality of water outlet pipes (201) connected to the membrane stacks (103) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrode plate (102); a partition plate (205) for separating raw water is fixedly connected inside the water inlet pipe (200); and a water filter assembly for pre-treating raw water is arranged inside the water inlet pipe (200); The slow flow plates (300) are structured as a plurality of plates that are rotatably connected to the inside of the water inlet pipe (200) for buffering raw water; an oil shell (304) storing oil is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water inlet pipe (200), and a plurality of turbulence control components for adjusting the angle of the slow flow plates (300) are arranged on the top of the oil shell (304); The diverter plate (400) is rotatably connected to one side of the partition plate (205) for pushing raw water, the interior of the diverter plate (400) is provided with a liquid chamber (406) for storing a precipitant, one side of the partition plate (205) is rotatably connected to a crank (402), and the interior of the liquid chamber (406) is provided with a discharge assembly adapted to the crank (402).

2. An electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water filter assembly comprises a plurality of three-leaf filter screens (206) arranged inside the water inlet pipe (200), and one end of each of the three-leaf filter screens (206) is fixedly connected to a coupling shaft (403) rotatably connected to a partition plate (205), a plurality of inclined grooves are provided on one side of the partition plate (205), and a cleaning roller (207) capable of contacting the three-leaf filter screens (206) is slidably connected in each of the plurality of inclined grooves, and one end of the cleaning roller (207) is fixedly connected to a tension spring (208) fixedly connected to the inclined groove.

3. An electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The turbulence control component comprises a plurality of sleeves (305) fixedly connected to the top of the oil shell (304), and the tops of the plurality of sleeves (305) are slidably connected to piston rods (306) adapted thereto, the tops of the piston rods (306) are fixedly connected to push blocks (307) that abut against the bottom of the slow flow plate (300), the top of the slow flow plate (300) is configured with a dust collecting groove (303) for storing impurities, the interior of the dust collecting groove (303) is fixedly connected to a magnetic strip (308), and the top of the push block (307) is configured with a protrusion that abuts against the magnetic strip (308).

4. An electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of sliding rods (310) are slidably connected to one side of the oil shell (304), and an extrusion plate (309) fixedly connected to the plurality of sliding rods (310) is provided inside the oil shell (304), and the extrusion plate (309) is used to squeeze the oil in the oil shell (304). A plurality of transmission rods (312) are slidably connected to the bottom of the water inlet pipe (200), and one end of the plurality of sliding rods (310) away from the extrusion plate (309) is fixedly connected to an inclined block (311), the bottom of the transmission rod (312) is adapted to fit the top of the inclined block (311), and the top of the transmission rod (312) contacts one end of the crank (402).

5. An electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge assembly comprises a double-headed discharge rod (405) slidably connected to the inside of a liquid chamber (406); a discharge hole (404) for discharging the precipitant is provided on one side of the liquid chamber (406); one end of the double-headed discharge rod (405) is adapted to fit inside the discharge hole (404); and a resistance piece (408) capable of resisting against one end of the double-headed discharge rod (405) is fixedly connected to the top of the crank (402).

6. An electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the connecting shaft (403) is fixedly connected to a cam (401) that can abut against one end of the crank (402); one side of the water inlet pipe (200) is provided with a plurality of water inlets (202); and one end of each of the plurality of diverter plates (400) is fixedly connected to a spring (407) that is fixedly connected to the partition plate (205).

7. An electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of flow limiting plates (301) are fixedly connected inside the water inlet pipe (200), and a plurality of heaters (302) are fixedly connected to one side of the plurality of flow limiting plates (301).

8. An electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive motor (203) is fixedly connected to one side of the water inlet pipe (200), and an output end of the drive motor (203) extends to the inside of the water inlet pipe (200) and is fixedly connected to a plurality of turbine blades (204).

9. An electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of fixing rods (104) are fixedly connected inside the electrode plate (102).

10. A method for extracting lithium from a salt lake, using an electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from a salt lake as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S1. When in use, raw water is first poured into the water inlet pipe (200) and discharged from the water outlet pipe (201) through the membrane stack (103). When the raw water enters the water inlet pipe (200), it is filtered by the water filtration component; S2. When the water filter assembly is in operation, the turbulence control assembly is driven to operate, thereby changing the inclination angle of the slow flow plate (300), so that the slow flow plate (300) continuously moves up and down to change the lifting angle of the raw water, so that the raw water forms turbulence and avoids concentration polarization; S3, the agent discharge component is then operated so that when the raw water contacts the diverter plate (400), the precipitant is discharged at the same time and mixed with the raw water and enters the water inlet (202); S4. The raw water will pass through the membrane stack (103), and a DC electric field will be applied to both ends of the electrode plate (102) to form an electric field force. Under the electric field force, the anions in the water will migrate to the anode in the membrane stack (103), and the cations will migrate to the cathode in the membrane stack (103). During the migration process, the anions will enter the concentration chamber through the anionic membrane in the membrane stack (103), and the cations will enter another concentration chamber through the cationic membrane in the membrane stack (103), thereby realizing the extraction of lithium.

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