Battery pack heat dissipation structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery heat dissipation, and discloses a battery pack heat dissipation structure which comprises an outer box body and single batteries, an inner shell is arranged in the outer box body, the inner shell is in a rectangular shape composed of two first side plates and two second side plates, the first side plates and the second side plates are vertically arranged, and the first side plates and the second side plates are arranged in parallel. An upper shell cover is arranged at an upper opening of the inner shell, a lower shell bottom is arranged at a lower opening of the inner shell, the upper shell cover is hollow, and a connecting nozzle located outside the inner shell and an upper hole located inside the inner shell are formed in the lower end face of the upper shell cover. The upper ends of the battery monomers are coaxially located in the upper holes, the positive electrode ends of the battery monomers penetrate through upper receding holes formed in the upper end face of the upper shell cover, gaps are formed between the outer walls of the upper ends of the battery monomers and the hole walls of the upper holes, and ring openings are formed in the hole walls of the upper holes and communicate with an inner cavity of the upper shell cover. And a liquid medium serving as a heat-conducting medium can flow into the upper shell cover and flows out through the ring opening and the gap, so that a water film is formed on the outer surface of the battery monomer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to the field of battery heat dissipation. Background Art

[0002] Batteries are common power supply components in our lives. With the continuous development of battery technology, batteries are used more and more widely, such as new energy vehicles, home appliances, factory machinery, etc. However, as the power of the battery increases, a large amount of heat is inevitably generated during the charging and discharging process, and efficient heat dissipation is required. The common heat dissipation methods currently available are air cooling and liquid cooling.

[0003] Based on the search for battery heat dissipation, some existing technologies were found, which are now introduced one by one:

[0004] First, the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN218385385U discloses a battery heat dissipation and heat preservation device, which realizes heat dissipation of the battery through wind power of the first heat dissipation component and coolant of the second heat dissipation component. However, it has some disadvantages: heat is transferred to the coolant through the heat dissipation pipe, and the heat conduction effect in the middle depends on the thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation pipe, that is, the heat dissipation effect depends on the thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation pipe, which needs to be improved.

[0005] Secondly, the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN220209084U discloses an immersion liquid-cooled battery pack, in which insulating coolant is filled in the battery box, and the side wall of the battery box is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet for the insulating coolant to enter and exit. The insulating coolant enters the heat exchanger and returns to the battery box through the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and the coolant is dissipated by the heat exchanger, so that the battery cells in the battery pack are immersed in an insulating coolant in a low-temperature state. However, there are still some shortcomings: the number of battery cells in the automotive battery is very large and the distribution is relatively dense. When the coolant is dissipated by the heat exchanger, the battery cells hinder the flow of the coolant, and it is difficult to make the coolant in various parts of the battery box synchronously participate in the heat dissipation of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the temperature distribution of the coolant in the battery box is uneven and needs to be improved.

[0006] Based on the above, the present invention proposes a battery pack heat dissipation structure. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the above background, the present invention provides a battery pack heat dissipation structure.

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0009] A battery pack heat dissipation structure comprises an outer box and a plurality of battery cells, wherein an inner shell is arranged in the outer box, and the battery cells are installed in the inner shell, the inner shell is in a rectangular shape consisting of two side plates 1 and two side plates 2, the side plates 1 and 2 are arranged vertically, an upper shell cover is arranged at the upper opening of the inner shell, and a lower shell bottom is arranged at the lower opening;

[0010] The interior of the upper shell cover is hollow, and the lower end face of the upper shell cover is provided with a nozzle located outside the inner shell and an upper hole located inside the inner shell. The upper end of the battery cell is coaxially located in the upper hole and the positive terminal arranged at the upper end of the battery cell passes through the upper avoidance hole arranged on the upper end face of the upper shell cover. The positive terminal and the upper avoidance hole form a sealing fit, and a gap is formed between the outer wall of the upper end of the battery cell and the hole wall of the upper hole. The hole wall of the upper hole is provided with a ring mouth, and the ring mouth is connected with the inner cavity of the upper shell cover. The liquid medium as a heat-conducting medium can flow into the upper shell cover and flow out through the ring mouth and the gap to form a water film on the outer surface of the battery cell.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the lower shell includes a main body, the lower end of the main body is closed, the upper end is open and a cover plate is provided, the upper end surface of the cover plate is provided with a lower hole, the lower end of the battery cell is coaxially located in the lower hole and the negative terminal arranged at the lower end of the battery cell passes through the lower avoidance hole arranged at the lower closed end of the main body, the negative terminal and the lower avoidance hole form a sealing fit, the outer surface of the main body is provided with a connecting hole 1 and a connecting hole 2 and the two are respectively located on both sides of the main body, the hole opening of the connecting hole 1 is connected to a liquid extraction pipe, and the hole opening of the connecting hole 2 is connected to a liquid return pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a water absorbing body is arranged in the main body, and a sleeve hole is opened on the water absorbing body, and the hole wall of the sleeve hole is in contact with the outer wall of the lower end of the battery cell.

[0013] Furthermore, a water pump and a liquid storage tank are arranged in the outer box body, the liquid medium is stored in the liquid storage tank, the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to a liquid inlet pipe, the liquid inlet is connected to a liquid outlet pipe 1, and the end of the nozzle is connected to a liquid outlet pipe 2;

[0014] The liquid inlet pipe, the liquid extraction pipe and the liquid inlet end of the water pump are connected by a three-way valve 1, and the three-way valve 1 is used to realize the connection between the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid inlet end of the water pump or the connection between the liquid extraction pipe and the liquid inlet end of the water pump;

[0015] The liquid outlet pipe 1, the liquid outlet pipe 2 and the liquid outlet end of the water pump are connected through the three-way valve 2, and the three-way valve 2 is used to realize the connection between the liquid outlet pipe 1 and the liquid outlet end of the water pump or the connection between the liquid outlet pipe 2 and the liquid outlet end of the water pump.

[0016] Furthermore, an air blowing assembly is arranged in the outer box body, and the air blowing assembly is used to draw air to flow in one direction in the inner shell body.

[0017] Furthermore, the two side panels are open on one side facing each other and closed on the other side, and a vent is provided on the side of the side panel along the length direction;

[0018] The air blowing assembly includes a condensing unit, which includes a hollow condensing body. The bottom of the condensing body is connected to the end of the liquid return pipe. The condensing body is connected to the vent of the second side plate through a connecting pipe. Two connecting pipes are provided. A fan is installed on the outer surface of the condensing body, and the output end of the fan extends into the condensing body.

[0019] A plurality of external fins are arranged in an array on the outer surface of the condenser, a rotating shaft is coaxially connected to the output end of the fan, the rotating shaft is connected to the fan located outside the condenser, and a vent hole is opened on the outer surface of the outer box.

[0020] Furthermore, two fans are provided, and the two fans are respectively close to the connection points between the two connecting pipes and the condenser. The internal array of the condenser is provided with a plurality of inner fins located between the output ends of the two fans. When one fan is in operation, the air in the inner shell is sucked through the corresponding connecting pipe and the second side plate. When the other fan is in operation, the air in the condenser is sent into the inner shell through the corresponding connecting pipe and the second side plate.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of wind guide plates are arranged in an array along the length direction inside the second side panel, and the wind guide plates include a vertical plate perpendicular to the length direction of the second side panel, and an inclined plate inclined toward the vent is arranged at one end of the vertical plate toward the closed side of the second side panel, and the distance between the end of the inclined plate and the closed side of the second side panel is L, and the difference in L between two adjacent air guide plates is equal.

[0022] Furthermore, a plurality of battery cells are arrayed along the length direction of the inner shell to form a battery column, and a plurality of battery columns are arrayed along the width direction of the inner shell, and the battery cells in two adjacent battery columns are staggered.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This solution forms a layer of water film on the outer surface of the battery cell. The water film is an insulating, volatile, non-flammable liquid medium. Therefore, the heat generated by the battery cell can easily evaporate the liquid medium into a gaseous state. Compared with the existing air cooling or liquid cooling, this method can quickly take away the heat of the battery cell through evaporation, and the thermal conductivity and efficiency are further enhanced. On the other hand, the outer surface of the battery cell is wrapped by the water film, which can play a similar effect to immersion, further improving the thermal conductivity. The improvement of the thermal conductivity means the improvement of the heat dissipation effect.

[0025] At the same time, the gaseous medium is pulled away by the blowing assembly. On the one hand, the blowing assembly can pull the air to blow evenly to each battery cell and contact with all the battery cells. Therefore, it can take away almost all the gaseous medium formed by evaporation. Compared with the immersion liquid cooling in the prior art, this method is equivalent to being able to pull all the liquid media as the heat transfer medium to flow, which solves the problem mentioned in the background technology that "the battery cells hinder the flow of coolant, and it is difficult to make the coolant in each part of the battery box simultaneously participate in the heat dissipation of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the temperature distribution of the coolant in the battery box is uneven, and the heat dissipation effect is not good". On the other hand, it is well known that applying volatile media such as alcohol on the skin and then blowing air can accelerate the volatilization of alcohol. Based on this point, blowing air to the battery cells can accelerate the volatilization of the liquid medium, thereby further improving the efficiency of the liquid medium in taking away the heat of the battery cells, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is an internal schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a partial exploded view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a front view of the upper shell cover and the battery cell;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of A in FIG.

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the air blast assembly and the second side panel;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a battery cell and a lower shell bottom;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell and a bottom of a lower shell;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the second side panel, the air blower assembly and the water pump;

[0035] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of the second side panel;

[0036] Fig.11 is a cross-sectional view of a condensing unit;

[0037] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a water pump;

[0038] Fig.13This is an exploded view of three-way valve 1 and three-way valve 2.

[0039] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are:

[0040] 100, outer box; 101, inner box; 1011, side panel 1; 1012, side panel 2; 1013, air guide plate; 102, battery cell; 103, upper shell cover; 1031, upper hole; 1032, nozzle; 1033, ring; 104, liquid storage tank; 105, fan; 106, lower shell bottom; 1061, main body; 1062, cover plate; 1063, lower hole; 1064, water absorbent; 1065. Connection hole one; 1066. Connection hole two; 1067. Liquid extraction pipe; 1068. Liquid return pipe; 107. Fan; 108. Condensation unit; 1081. Condensation body; 1082. Inner tank; 1083. Inner fins; 1084. Outer fins; 109. Water pump; 110. Liquid outlet pipe one; 111. Liquid inlet pipe; 112. Liquid outlet pipe two; 113. Three-way valve one; 114. Three-way valve two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0042] Reference Figure 1-Figure 13 A battery pack heat dissipation structure includes an outer box body 100 and a plurality of battery cells 102 . An inner shell 101 is disposed in the outer box body 100 , and the battery cells 102 are installed in the inner shell 101 .

[0043] The inner shell 101 is in a rectangular shape consisting of two side panels 1011 and two side panels 1012. The side panels 1011 and 1012 are arranged vertically. An upper shell cover 103 is provided at the upper opening of the inner shell 101, and a lower shell bottom 106 is provided at the lower opening, wherein:

[0044] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The interior of the upper shell cover 103 is hollow, and the lower end surface of the upper shell cover 103 is provided with a nozzle 1032 located outside the inner shell 101 and an upper hole 1031 located inside the inner shell 101. The upper end of the battery cell 102 is coaxially located in the upper hole 1031 and the positive terminal arranged at the upper end of the battery cell 102 passes through the upper avoidance hole arranged on the upper end surface of the upper shell cover 103. The positive terminal and the upper avoidance hole form a sealing fit, and the existing sealing technology can be used, which is not described in detail. A gap is formed between the outer wall of the upper end of the battery cell 102 and the hole wall of the upper hole 1031. The hole wall of the upper hole 1031 is provided with a ring 1033, and the ring 1033 is connected to the inner cavity of the upper shell cover 103;

[0045] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The lower shell bottom 106 includes a main body 1061, the lower end of the main body 1061 is closed, the upper end is open and a cover plate 1062 is provided, the upper end surface of the cover plate 1062 is provided with a lower hole 1063, the lower end of the battery cell 102 is coaxially located in the lower hole 1063 and the negative terminal arranged at the lower end of the battery cell 102 passes through the lower avoidance hole arranged at the lower closed end of the main body 1061, and the negative terminal and the lower avoidance hole form a sealing match, and the existing sealing technology can be used, which will not be described in detail. A water-absorbing body 1064 is provided, which has water-absorbing properties, such as a sponge. A sleeve hole is provided on the water-absorbing body 1064, and the hole wall of the sleeve hole is in contact with the outer wall of the lower end of the battery cell 102. A connecting hole 1065 and a connecting hole 2 1066 are provided on the outer surface of the main body 1061, and the two connecting holes are respectively located on both sides of the main body 1061, that is, the two are spaced far apart. A liquid extraction pipe 1067 is connected to the opening of the connecting hole 1065, and a liquid return pipe 1068 is connected to the opening of the connecting hole 2 1066;

[0046] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The two side panels 1012 are open on one side facing each other and closed on the other side. The side panels 1012 are provided with ventilation holes along the length direction. Air can enter the inner shell 101 through one side panel 1012 and then be exhausted through the other side panel 1012 to form a unidirectional airflow. Preferably, in order to make the airflow flow into the inner shell 101 evenly and be evenly exhausted, refer to Fig.10 A plurality of air guide plates 1013 are arranged in an array along the length direction in the side panel 1012. The air guide plates 1013 include vertical plates perpendicular to the length direction of the side panel 1012. An inclined plate inclined toward the vent is arranged at one end of the vertical plate toward the closed side of the side panel 1012. The distance between the end of the inclined plate and the closed side of the side panel 1012 is L. The difference in L between two adjacent air guide plates 1013 is equal. Therefore, the air flowing into the side panel 1012 through the vent is evenly divided and guided by the inclined plates, and then flows into the inner shell 101 through the area between the two adjacent vertical plates, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform inflow. At the same time, there is a suction force at the opening of the other side panel 1012 to draw away the evenly flowing air. Therefore, the purpose of uniform inflow and uniform exhaust of air can be achieved.

[0047] Preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7The distribution of multiple battery cells 102 in the inner shell 101 is as follows: a number of battery cells 102 are arranged in an array along the length direction of the inner shell 101 to form a battery column, and a number of battery columns are arranged in an array along the width direction of the inner shell 101. The battery cells 102 in two adjacent battery columns are arranged in a staggered manner. The significance of this is that, in this way, the air flowing into the inner shell 101 will contact all the battery cells 102 as much as possible.

[0048] Reference Fig. 9 , a water pump 109 and a blast assembly are also provided in the outer box 100, specifically:

[0049] Reference Figure 3 and Fig.12 A liquid storage tank 104 is installed in the outer box body 100. Preferably, for the sake of space layout, the liquid storage tank 104 can be arranged below the inner shell body 101.

[0050] The liquid outlet of the liquid storage box 104 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe 111 , the liquid inlet is connected to a liquid outlet pipe 1 10 , and the end of the nozzle 1032 is connected to a liquid outlet pipe 2 112 .

[0051] The liquid inlet pipe 111, the liquid extraction pipe 1067 and the liquid inlet end of the water pump 109 are connected via a three-way valve 113, and the three-way valve 113 is used to achieve the connection between the liquid inlet pipe 111 and the liquid inlet end of the water pump 109 or the connection between the liquid extraction pipe 1067 and the liquid inlet end of the water pump 109.

[0052] The liquid outlet pipe 1 110 , the liquid outlet pipe 2 112 and the liquid outlet end of the water pump 109 are connected via a three-way valve 2 114 , and the three-way valve 2 114 is used to achieve the connection between the liquid outlet pipe 1 110 and the liquid outlet end of the water pump 109 or the connection between the liquid outlet pipe 2 112 and the liquid outlet end of the water pump 109 .

[0053] The three-way valve 1 13 and the three-way valve 2 114 can be realized by existing three-way valve technology, and will not be described in detail.

[0054] During heat dissipation, the three-way valve 113 is used to connect the liquid inlet pipe 111 with the liquid inlet end of the water pump 109, and the three-way valve 2 114 is used to connect the liquid outlet pipe 2 112 with the liquid outlet end of the water pump 109. After that, the water pump 109 is started, and the liquid medium in the liquid storage tank 104 is extracted through the liquid inlet pipe 111, and injected into the upper shell cover 103 through the liquid outlet pipe 2 112. The liquid medium eventually flows downward through the ring mouth 1033 and the gap. Since the gap is relatively small, when the liquid medium flows downward, a water film that continuously flows from top to bottom will be formed on the outer surface of the battery cell 102. Since the liquid medium has insulating, volatile and non-flammable properties, such as carbon tetrachloride, the liquid medium can quickly take away the heat of the battery cell 102. Most of the liquid medium is evaporated into gas, and a small part flows downward and is absorbed by the water absorbent 1064.

[0055] Reference Figure 2 , Fig. 9 and Fig.11 The blowing assembly includes a condensing unit 108 , and the condensing unit 108 includes an internally hollow condensing body 1081 . The internal area of ​​the condensing body 1081 is named as an inner tank 1082 , and the bottom of the condensing body 1081 is connected to the end of the return liquid pipe 1068 .

[0056] The condenser 1081 is connected to the vent of the second side plate 1012 through a connecting pipe, and two connecting pipes are correspondingly provided. Two fans 107 are installed on the outer surface of the condenser 1081. The output ends of the two fans 107 extend into the condenser 1081. The two fans 107 are respectively close to the connection between the two connecting pipes and the condenser 1081. The internal array of the condenser 1081 is provided with a plurality of inner fins 1083 located between the output ends of the two fans 107. When one of the fans 107 is in operation, the air in the inner shell 101 is sucked through the corresponding connecting pipe and the second side plate 1012. When the other fan 107 is in operation, the air in the inner shell 101 is sucked through the corresponding connecting pipe and the second side plate 1012. The air in the condensate 1081 is sent into the inner shell 101 through the corresponding connecting pipes and the second side plate 1012. In this way, after the liquid medium is evaporated into a gaseous state, it will flow with the air and be pulled into the condensate 1081. A plurality of external fins 1084 are arranged in an array on the outer surface of the condensate 1081. The output end of the fan 107 is coaxially connected with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the fan 105 located outside the condensate 1081. At the same time, a vent hole is provided on the outer surface of the outer box 100. When the fan 107 is in operation, it rotates with the fan 105, thereby dissipating the heat of the condensate 1081 and liquefying the gaseous medium in the condensate 1081 into a liquid state.

[0057] Working principle of the present invention:

[0058] When heat is dissipated, the three-way valve 113 is used to connect the liquid inlet pipe 111 with the liquid inlet end of the water pump 109, and the three-way valve 114 is used to connect the liquid outlet pipe 112 with the liquid outlet end of the water pump 109. After that, the water pump 109 is started, and the liquid medium in the liquid storage tank 104 is extracted through the liquid inlet pipe 111, and injected into the upper shell cover 103 through the liquid outlet pipe 112. The liquid medium finally flows downward through the ring mouth 1033 and the gap. Since the gap is relatively small, when the liquid medium flows downward, a water film that continuously flows from top to bottom will be formed on the outer surface of the battery cell 102. Since the liquid medium has insulating, volatile and non-flammable properties, such as carbon tetrachloride, the liquid medium can quickly take away the heat of the battery cell 102. Most of the liquid medium is evaporated into gaseous state, and a small part flows downward and is absorbed by the water absorbent 1064.

[0059] At the same time, the two fans 107 cooperate with each other to blow air to the outer surface of the battery cell 102, and at the same time draw the evaporated gaseous medium into the condenser 1081, where the gaseous medium is liquefied into liquid and temporarily stored in the condenser 1081;

[0060] After the preset time, the liquid medium in the liquid storage tank 104 is about to be used up. At this time, the temperature of the battery cell 102 is also controlled within a preset range. Therefore, the heat dissipation is suspended. The three-way valve 113 is used to connect the liquid extraction pipe 1067 with the liquid inlet end of the water pump 109, and the three-way valve 114 is used to connect the liquid outlet pipe 110 with the liquid outlet end of the water pump 109. At this time, the condenser 1081, the liquid return pipe 1068, and the lower shell bottom 106 are full of liquid medium, and the water absorption body 1064 is also full of liquid medium. After that, the water pump 109 is started to suck the liquid medium through the liquid extraction pipe 1067 and return it to the liquid storage tank 104 through the liquid outlet pipe 110;

[0061] Then, continue to repeat the heat dissipation.

[0062] From the above process, we can know that:

[0063] This solution forms a layer of water film on the outer surface of the battery cell. The water film is an insulating, volatile, non-flammable liquid medium. Therefore, the heat generated by the battery cell can easily evaporate the liquid medium into a gaseous state. Compared with the existing air cooling or liquid cooling, this method can quickly take away the heat of the battery cell through evaporation, and the thermal conductivity and efficiency are further enhanced. On the other hand, the outer surface of the battery cell is wrapped by the water film, which can play a similar effect to immersion, further improving the thermal conductivity. The improvement of the thermal conductivity means the improvement of the heat dissipation effect.

[0064] At the same time, the gaseous medium is pulled away by the blowing assembly. On the one hand, the blowing assembly can pull the air to blow evenly to each battery cell and contact with all the battery cells. Therefore, it can take away almost all the gaseous medium formed by evaporation. Compared with the immersion liquid cooling in the prior art, this method is equivalent to being able to pull all the liquid media as the heat transfer medium to flow, which solves the problem mentioned in the background technology that "the battery cells hinder the flow of coolant, and it is difficult to make the coolant in each part of the battery box simultaneously participate in the heat dissipation of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the temperature distribution of the coolant in the battery box is uneven, and the heat dissipation effect is not good". On the other hand, it is well known that applying volatile media such as alcohol on the skin and then blowing air can accelerate the volatilization of alcohol. Based on this point, blowing air to the battery cells can accelerate the volatilization of the liquid medium, thereby further improving the efficiency of the liquid medium in taking away the heat of the battery cells, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack heat dissipation structure, comprising an outer box (100) and a plurality of battery cells (102), characterized in that: An inner shell (101) is arranged inside the outer box (100), and a battery cell (102) is installed in the inner shell (101). The inner shell (101) is in a rectangular shape consisting of two side panels (1011) and two side panels (1012). The side panels (1011) and the side panels (1012) are arranged vertically. An upper shell cover (103) is arranged at the upper opening of the inner shell (101), and a lower shell bottom (106) is arranged at the lower opening. The interior of the upper shell cover (103) is hollow, and the lower end surface of the upper shell cover (103) is provided with a nozzle (1032) located outside the inner shell (101) and an upper hole (1031) located inside the inner shell (101); the upper end of the battery cell (102) is coaxially located in the upper hole (1031), and the positive terminal arranged at the upper end of the battery cell (102) passes through the upper avoidance hole arranged on the upper end surface of the upper shell cover (103), and there is a positive terminal between the positive terminal and the upper avoidance hole. A sealing fit is formed, a gap is formed between the outer wall of the upper end of the battery cell (102) and the hole wall of the upper hole (1031), the hole wall of the upper hole (1031) is provided with a ring opening (1033), the ring opening (1033) is connected to the inner cavity of the upper shell cover (103), and a liquid medium as a heat-conducting medium can flow into the upper shell cover (103) and flow out through the ring opening (1033) and the gap, thereby forming a water film on the outer surface of the battery cell (102).

2. A battery pack heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower shell bottom (106) comprises a main body (1061), the lower end of the main body (1061) is closed, the upper end is open and a cover plate (1062) is provided, the upper end surface of the cover plate (1062) is provided with a lower hole (1063), the lower end of the battery cell (102) is coaxially located in the lower hole (1063) and the negative terminal arranged at the lower end of the battery cell (102) passes through the lower avoidance hole arranged at the lower closed end of the main body (1061), and the negative terminal and the lower avoidance hole form a sealing fit, the outer surface of the main body (1061) is provided with a connection hole 1 (1065) and a connection hole 2 (1066), and the two are respectively located on two sides of the main body (1061), the opening of the connection hole 1 (1065) is connected to a liquid extraction pipe (1067), and the opening of the connection hole 2 (1066) is connected to a liquid return pipe (1068).

3. A battery pack heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water absorbing body (1064) is arranged in the main body (1061), and a sleeve hole is opened on the water absorbing body (1064), and the hole wall of the sleeve hole is in contact with the outer wall of the lower end of the battery cell (102).

4. A battery pack heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water pump (109) and a liquid storage tank (104) are arranged in the outer box body (100), and a liquid medium is stored in the liquid storage tank (104). A liquid inlet pipe (111) is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank (104), a liquid outlet pipe 1 (110) is connected to the liquid inlet, and a liquid outlet pipe 2 (112) is connected to the end of the nozzle (1032); The liquid inlet pipe (111), the liquid extraction pipe (1067) and the liquid inlet end of the water pump (109) are connected via a three-way valve (113). The three-way valve (113) is used to achieve communication between the liquid inlet pipe (111) and the liquid inlet end of the water pump (109) or communication between the liquid extraction pipe (1067) and the liquid inlet end of the water pump (109); The first liquid outlet pipe (110), the second liquid outlet pipe (112) and the liquid outlet end of the water pump (109) are connected via a second three-way valve (114). The second three-way valve (114) is used to achieve communication between the first liquid outlet pipe (110) and the liquid outlet end of the water pump (109) or between the second liquid outlet pipe (112) and the liquid outlet end of the water pump (109).

5. A battery pack heat dissipation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air blowing assembly is arranged inside the outer box body (100), and the air blowing assembly is used to draw air to flow in one direction in the inner shell body (101).

6. A battery pack heat dissipation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two side panels (1012) are open on the sides facing each other and closed on the sides facing each other. Ventilation holes are provided on the sides of the side panels (1012) along the length direction. The air blowing assembly comprises a condensing unit (108), the condensing unit (108) comprises a condensing body (1081) with a hollow interior, the bottom of the condensing body (1081) is connected to the end of the liquid return pipe (1068), the condensing body (1081) is connected to the vent of the second side plate (1012) via a connecting pipe, two connecting pipes are provided correspondingly, a fan (107) is installed on the outer surface of the condensing body (1081), and the output end of the fan (107) extends into the condensing body (1081); The outer surface of the condenser (1081) is arrayed with a plurality of external fins (1084); the output end of the fan (107) is coaxially connected to a rotating shaft, which is connected to a fan (105) located outside the condenser (1081); and the outer surface of the outer box (100) is provided with ventilation holes.

7. A battery pack heat dissipation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two fans (107) are provided, and the two fans (107) are respectively close to the connection points between the two connecting pipes and the condenser (1081). The internal array of the condenser (1081) is provided with a plurality of inner fins (1083) located between the output ends of the two fans (107). When one fan (107) is in operation, it will suck the air in the inner shell (101) through the corresponding connecting pipe and the second side plate (1012). When the other fan (107) is in operation, it will send the air in the condenser (1081) into the inner shell (101) through the corresponding connecting pipe and the second side plate (1012).

8. A battery pack heat dissipation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of air guide plates (1013) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the second side plate (1012), the air guide plates (1013) comprising vertical plates perpendicular to the length direction of the second side plate (1012), an inclined plate inclined toward the vent is arranged at one end of the vertical plate facing the closed side of the second side plate (1012), the distance between the end of the inclined plate and the closed side of the second side plate (1012) is L, and the difference in L between two adjacent air guide plates (1013) is equal.

9. A battery pack heat dissipation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of battery cells (102) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the inner shell (101) to form a battery column. A plurality of battery columns are arranged in an array along the width direction of the inner shell (101). The battery cells (102) in two adjacent battery columns are arranged in a staggered manner.

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