A real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing

Abstract

A kind of real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing, including the system driver of broadcast network and the system application program corresponding thereto;The system application program carries out data communication with system driver through interface, receives user data or data packet, constructs and analyzes broadcast link control packet, obtains wireless communication device private routing table according to broadcast network complete path table;System driver is located in the kernel program of operating system, and the routing logic of network protocol stack of operating system is modified in conjunction with system application program, including routing table maintenance, path selection and broadcast data packet actual forwarding, complete the dual function of data transmission and network monitoring;Specifically include the following three stages: the first stage is the construction stage of broadcast network, the second stage is the routing path allocation stage, and the third stage is the broadcast network data sending and routing maintenance stage;The present application takes standard RTP data packet as monitoring object, utilizes standard RTP data packet to carry broadcast data simultaneously, realizes the monitoring of link state, so as to complete the dual function of data transmission and network monitoring without additional cost;With the advantages of low occupation of network bandwidth, scalability, good network applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing. Background Technology

[0002] Current highly dynamic routing schemes require a large number of control and routing packets to maintain the network routing table in the event of network topology changes. In a real-time broadcast environment, because data packets need to be broadcast to every device in the network, several control packets need to be sent to rebuild the route when the route of each device changes, which severely consumes network bandwidth. For example, patent application CN202211489438.1, publication number CN115941584B, entitled "Highly Dynamic On-Demand Routing Method, Communication Node, and Storage Medium for Ad Hoc Networks," invented a highly dynamic on-demand routing method for ad hoc networks, which maintains the routing table by periodically broadcasting route maintenance messages. However, in a real-time broadcast environment, because data packets need to be broadcast to every device in the network, several control packets need to be sent to rebuild the route when the route of each device changes, which severely consumes network bandwidth.

[0003] Patent application CN202310350872.X, publication number CN116455807A, entitled "Multicast Traffic Forwarding Method, Multicast System, Routing Device and Storage Medium," discloses a multicast traffic forwarding method, in which forwarding is implemented through a DR router. However, using a periodic broadcast maintenance message scheme can lead to network flooding issues. Furthermore, if the network topology changes rapidly, connection loss may occur during maintenance intervals, resulting in a risk of packet loss.

[0004] Fan Biao, Shi Ronghua. Research on MAODV multicast routing protocol based on mobile Ad-Hoc wireless network [J]. Computer Engineering and Design, 2010, 31(1):48-51,55. The on-demand multicast routing protocol MAODV is analyzed, and on this basis, a PA-MAODV protocol based on the path optimized aware algorithm is proposed. The relevant route discovery scheme algorithms are described, analyzed and improved. Using pure application data packets requires adding a large number of information headers to the data packets. However, the information in these headers already exists in the basic structure of the network packets. Therefore, repeatedly adding them to the application data packets wastes network bandwidth.

[0005] In real-time communication using dynamic broadcast routing, it is necessary to monitor network topology changes while ensuring data reachability and low network bandwidth consumption, under the premise of implementing functions such as dynamic route monitoring, network maintenance, and data broadcasting. Therefore, using methods such as unicast dynamic routing, periodic broadcast maintenance, or packet and device information monitoring will lead to various problems, including high network bandwidth consumption, complex network packet structure, and high requirements for sending hardware. Clearly, the above dynamic routing schemes are not suitable for real-time communication applications using dynamic broadcast routing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing. Addressing routing issues caused by network topology changes in mobile devices during real-time broadcasting, the system dynamically generates a network routing table by monitoring network packets and forwards broadcast data using a combination of multicast and unicast, thereby achieving real-time changes to network routes. For monitoring issues arising from changes in network link status, the system uses network communication parameters such as packet loss rate and latency to score the network link status and determine its availability. By synchronizing the routing table across the entire network, the system determines whether nodes need to forward data, reducing the generation of useless packets. The system boasts advantages such as high efficiency, low deployment cost, and high availability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing includes a system driver for a broadcast network and a corresponding system application. The system application communicates with the system driver through an interface, receives user data or data packets, constructs and parses broadcast link control packets, and obtains the private routing table of the wireless communication device based on the complete path table of the broadcast network. The system driver is located in the kernel program of the operating system and modifies the routing logic of the operating system's network protocol stack in conjunction with the system application. The modification of the routing logic of the operating system's network protocol stack includes: routing table maintenance, path selection, and actual forwarding of broadcast data packets, completing the dual functions of data transmission and network monitoring. Specifically, it includes the following three stages: the first stage is the broadcast network construction stage, the second stage is the route path allocation stage, and the third stage is the broadcast network data transmission and route maintenance stage.

[0009] The first stage, namely the broadcast network construction stage, involves: starting all wireless communication devices used to build the broadcast network one by one and adding the wireless communication devices to the broadcast network; during the process of joining the broadcast network, each wireless communication device updates and synchronizes data with the existing wireless communication devices in the broadcast network to build a usable network path in the broadcast network.

[0010] The data that each wireless communication device updates and synchronizes with existing wireless communication devices in the network during the process of joining the broadcast network includes: its own IP address, the broadcast network ID, and the complete path table of the broadcast network.

[0011] The second stage, the routing path allocation stage, involves the user sending a command to the application system of the wireless communication device that needs to broadcast. This command instructs the wireless communication device to begin allocating private routing tables and device identities for known wireless communication devices. A breadth-first search is then used in the complete path table of the broadcast network to obtain a private routing table for the current broadcast task. This private routing table contains the IP addresses of the next-level wireless communication devices to which each wireless communication device belongs. The wireless communication device that obtains the private routing table checks whether it has any affiliated wireless communication devices. If it does, it forwards the private routing table to those devices. If it does not have any affiliated devices, it does not need to forward the private routing table. Simultaneously, based on whether it has any affiliated devices in the obtained private routing table, the identity of the wireless communication device in the current broadcast task is determined: if it has affiliated devices, it is a relay node, and in subsequent broadcast data transmissions, this node forwards received RTP packets to its subordinate wireless communication devices; if it does not have any affiliated devices, it is an edge node and no longer forwards received RTP packets.

[0012] The third stage, namely the broadcast network data transmission and route maintenance stage, involves the following steps: Broadcast network data transmission: Wireless communication devices continuously receive standard RTP data packets input by the user to the system application; the wireless communication devices belonging to the system application that receive the standard RTP data packets broadcast data at custom time intervals; when other wireless communication devices receive the data, they forward the received data to the affiliated wireless communication devices recorded in the private routing table according to the private routing table obtained in the second stage; Route maintenance, or dynamic network maintenance, involves the startup program of each wireless communication device counting all received RTP data packets based on the standard RTP data packets broadcast by the user, and counting the standard RTP data packets based on the data of the received RTP data packets. The system classifies each standard RTP packet by source to statistically analyze the packet loss rate and latency information of the end-to-end path from the sender to the receiver (i.e., the wireless communication device) of each standard RTP packet. This statistical data is then weighted to obtain link quality information for each path. Subsequently, the system driver uses the weighted sum of packet loss rate and latency as a score for different links based on this link quality information. This score is compared with a user-preset scoring threshold to determine if the link quality can maintain the current broadcast routing requirements. If the score is lower than the user-preset threshold, it is determined that the current broadcast routing requirements cannot be maintained, and the link is switched to a higher-scoring link; otherwise, the link quality can maintain the current broadcast routing requirements.

[0013] When a link is determined to be unable to maintain its broadcast routing requirements, its associated wireless communication device sends a broadcast link control packet containing information about the devices at both ends of the current link, information about the devices at both ends of the new link to which it needs to switch, and the transmission path to the other wireless communication devices in the broadcast network. The wireless communication device receiving the broadcast link control packet determines whether it is the device requiring a link switch. If it is the wireless communication device needing to disconnect the link, it deletes the routing information for the disconnected link from its own private routing table. If it is a related wireless communication device needing to establish a link, it adds the relevant routing information for the established link to its own private routing table, updates the private routing tables of the wireless communication devices at both ends of the original link and the newly established link, and updates the network complete path table of all wireless communication devices in the broadcast network. Based on the path information in the broadcast link control packet, it decides whether to forward the broadcast link control packet. If there are other wireless communication devices at the next level in the transmission path, it forwards the packet to those devices at the next level; otherwise, it does not forward it. By updating the private path table of the wireless communication device and updating the network complete path table of each wireless communication device in the broadcast network, dynamic changes to the broadcast network route and maintenance of the broadcast network path are achieved, fulfilling the dual functions of data transmission and network monitoring.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. This invention uses standard RTP data packets as the monitoring object. While using standard RTP data packets to carry broadcast data, it realizes the monitoring of link status, thus completing the dual functions of data transmission and network monitoring without additional overhead. Moreover, users only need to transmit standard RTP data packets to meet the real-time communication needs of this system, while avoiding the problem of users needing to customize complex data packets to meet network monitoring data.

[0016] 2. This invention employs a system driver for broadcast networks and its corresponding system application. The system application is responsible for assembling, parsing, and logically controlling standard RTP packets, while the wireless communication devices of the broadcast network perform actual routing and link scoring. By abstracting complex logic into the system application, the wireless communication devices of the broadcast network are simplified in forwarding broadcast network packets and monitoring the broadcast network, while also enhancing the system's scalability.

[0017] 3. This invention dynamically constructs and maintains the routing table based on the real-time network status, avoiding the shortcomings of static routing; it improves the adaptability and robustness of the network, and is especially suitable for networks with frequent topology changes or fluctuating link status.

[0018] 4. In the case of network broadcasting and forwarding, there may be cases of useless data packets being forwarded. This invention optimizes the broadcast path by marking relay nodes and edge nodes, reducing unnecessary forwarding, lowering network overhead and network transmission latency. It also uses the system's network-wide synchronized routing table to determine whether a node needs to forward data, thereby reducing the generation of useless data packets.

[0019] 5. This invention dynamically generates a network routing table by monitoring network packets and forwards broadcast data through a combination of multicast and unicast, thereby enabling real-time changes to network routes and solving the routing problem caused by changes in the network topology of wireless communication devices in the prior art.

[0020] 6. To address the monitoring issues arising from changes in network link status, this invention uses network communication parameters such as packet loss rate and latency to score the network link status and determines whether the network link is available based on the score.

[0021] In summary, this invention uses standard RTP data packets as the monitoring object. While using standard RTP data packets to carry broadcast data, it realizes the monitoring of link status, thus completing the dual functions of data transmission and network monitoring without additional overhead. It has the advantages of low network bandwidth consumption, scalability, and good network applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly and effectively illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a system composition diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the first stage of the working process of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second stage of transmission in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the second stage of the working process of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the third stage of the working process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 A real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing includes a system driver for a broadcast network and a corresponding system application. The system application communicates with the system driver through an interface, receives user data or data packets, constructs and parses broadcast link control packets, and obtains the private routing table of the wireless communication device based on the complete path table of the broadcast network. The system driver is located in the kernel program of the operating system and modifies the routing logic of the operating system's network protocol stack in conjunction with the system application. The modification of the routing logic of the operating system's network protocol stack includes: routing table maintenance, path selection, and actual forwarding of broadcast data packets, completing the dual functions of data transmission and network monitoring. Specifically, it includes the following three stages: the first stage is the broadcast network construction stage, the second stage is the route path allocation stage, and the third stage is the broadcast network data transmission and route maintenance stage.

[0030] The first stage, namely the broadcast network construction stage, involves: starting all wireless communication devices used to build the broadcast network one by one and adding the wireless communication devices to the broadcast network; during the process of joining the broadcast network, each wireless communication device updates and synchronizes data with the existing wireless communication devices in the broadcast network to build a usable network path in the broadcast network;

[0031] The data that each wireless communication device updates and synchronizes with existing wireless communication devices in the network during the process of joining the broadcast network includes: its own IP address, the broadcast network ID, and the complete path table of the broadcast network.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 Each wireless communication device in the system broadcasts a WAIT packet (data probe packet) when joining the broadcast network. The WAIT packet contains the sending device's MAC address and a WAIT signal, indicating that the wireless communication device is joining the broadcast network. Subsequently, wireless devices in the broadcast network that receive this packet will return a CONNECT packet (connection permission packet), which contains the broadcast network's complete network path table, the CONNECT signal, the broadcast network ID, and the wireless communication device's IP address. When the connecting wireless communication device receives the CONNECT packet, it will return an ACK packet (connection confirmation packet) and a CONNECT packet containing its own existing routing table. This process ends when a wireless communication device in the broadcast network receives the CONNECT packet from the connecting wireless communication device and sends an ACK packet. This process is performed with all connectable wireless communication devices in the broadcast network upon each wireless communication device's access, thereby synchronizing the network routing table.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The second stage, the routing path allocation stage, involves the user sending a command to the application system of the wireless communication device that needs to broadcast. This command instructs the wireless communication device to begin allocating private routing tables and device identities for known wireless communication devices. A breadth-first search is then used in the complete path table of the broadcast network to obtain a private routing table for the current broadcast task. This private routing table contains the IP addresses of the next-level wireless communication devices to which each wireless communication device belongs. The wireless communication device that obtains the private routing table checks whether it has any affiliated wireless communication devices. If it does, it forwards the private routing table to those devices. If it does not have any affiliated devices, it does not need to forward the private routing table. Simultaneously, based on whether there are any affiliated devices in the obtained private routing table, the identity of the wireless communication device in the current broadcast task is determined: if it has affiliated devices, it is a relay node, and in subsequent broadcast data transmissions, this node forwards received RTP packets to its subordinate wireless communication devices; if it does not have any affiliated devices, it is an edge node and no longer forwards received RTP packets.

[0034] Reference Figure 5The third stage, namely the broadcast network data transmission and route maintenance stage, involves the following steps: Broadcast network data transmission: Wireless communication devices continuously receive standard RTP data packets input by the user to the system application; the wireless communication devices belonging to the system application that receive the standard RTP data packets broadcast data at custom time intervals; when other wireless communication devices receive the data, they forward the received data to the affiliated wireless communication devices recorded in the private routing table according to the private routing table obtained in the second stage; Route maintenance, i.e., the dynamic maintenance of the network, involves the startup program of each wireless communication device counting all received RTP data packets based on the standard RTP data packets broadcast by the user, and counting standard RTP data packets based on the data of the received RTP data packets. The system classifies each standard RTP packet by its source to statistically analyze the packet loss rate and latency information of the end-to-end path from the sender to the receiver (i.e., the wireless communication device) of each standard RTP packet. This statistical data is then weighted to obtain link quality information for each path. Subsequently, the system driver uses the weighted sum of packet loss rate and latency as a score for different links based on this link quality information. This score is compared to a user-preset scoring threshold to determine if the link quality can maintain the current broadcast routing requirements. If the score is lower than the user-preset threshold, it is determined that the current broadcast routing requirements cannot be maintained, and the link is switched to a higher-scoring link; otherwise, the link quality can maintain the current broadcast routing requirements.

[0035] When a link is determined to be unable to maintain its broadcast routing requirements, its associated wireless communication device sends a broadcast link control packet containing information about the devices at both ends of the current link, information about the devices at both ends of the new link to which it needs to switch, and the transmission path to the other wireless communication devices in the broadcast network. The wireless communication device receiving the broadcast link control packet determines whether it is the device requiring a link switch. If it is the wireless communication device needing to disconnect the link, it deletes the routing information for the disconnected link from its own private routing table. If it is a related wireless communication device needing to establish a link, it adds the relevant routing information for the established link to its own private routing table, updates the private routing tables of the wireless communication devices at both ends of the original link and the newly established link, and updates the network complete path table of all wireless communication devices in the broadcast network. Based on the path information in the broadcast link control packet, it decides whether to forward the broadcast link control packet. If there are other wireless communication devices at the next level in the transmission path, it forwards the packet to those devices at the next level; otherwise, it does not forward it. By updating the private path table of the wireless communication device and updating the network complete path table of each wireless communication device in the broadcast network, dynamic changes to the broadcast network route and maintenance of the broadcast network path are achieved, fulfilling the dual functions of data transmission and network monitoring.

[0036] Simulate a broadcast network with several wireless communication devices. When the network topology changes, the affected wireless communication devices can detect the change; each node will detect a change in path information scores. The devices will then switch transmission paths based on preset scores. During this process, the broadcast network will disconnect transmission links with high packet loss rates and high latency and rebuild new links.

[0037] Simulation results show that this invention can effectively reduce packet loss rate and transmission latency in dynamic broadcast routing tasks with variable topology in real-time communication systems. It can also dynamically adjust the network broadcast transmission path according to changes in network topology, effectively reducing flooding problems caused by routing forwarding during broadcast tasks. At the same time, it can effectively reduce useless forwarding during broadcast tasks, thereby improving the network bandwidth utilization efficiency of real-time communication systems.

[0038] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing, comprising a system driver of a broadcast network and a system application corresponding thereto; characterized in that, The system application program communicates with the system driver through an interface, receives user data or data packets, constructs and analyzes broadcast link control packets, and acquires a private routing table of a wireless communication device according to a complete path table of a broadcast network; the system driver is located in a kernel program of an operating system, and modifies routing logic of a network protocol stack of the operating system in combination with the system application program; the modified routing logic of the network protocol stack of the operating system includes routing table maintenance, path selection, and actual broadcast packet forwarding, and completes a dual function of data transmission and network monitoring, and specifically includes the following three stages: a first stage is a broadcast network construction stage, a second stage is a routing path allocation stage, and a third stage is a broadcast network data sending and routing maintenance stage; a standard RTP packet is taken as a monitoring object, and the standard RTP packet is used to carry broadcast data, and at the same time, link state monitoring is realized, so that the dual function of data transmission and network monitoring is completed without additional cost.

2. The real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stage, i.e., the broadcast network construction stage, is that all wireless communication devices used for constructing a broadcast network are started one by one, and the wireless communication devices are added to the broadcast network; each wireless communication device updates and synchronizes data with wireless communication devices already existing in the broadcast network during the process of joining the broadcast network, and a usable network path in the broadcast network is constructed.

3. A real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data, which each wireless communication device updates and synchronizes with wireless communication devices already existing in the network during the process of joining the broadcast network, includes an IP of the wireless communication device, a broadcast network ID, and a complete path table of the broadcast network.

4. The real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing according to claim 1, wherein, The second stage, i.e., the routing path allocation stage, is that a user sends an instruction to a wireless communication device system application program that needs to broadcast, so that the wireless communication device that needs to broadcast starts to allocate a private routing table and a device identity for a known wireless communication device, and uses a breadth-first search in a complete path table of the broadcast network to acquire a device private routing table for a current broadcast task; the private routing table contains an IP address of a next-level wireless communication device to which each wireless communication device belongs; the wireless communication device that acquires the private routing table finds whether there are other wireless communication devices attached to itself according to the obtained private routing table; if there are other wireless communication devices attached, the private routing table is forwarded to the attached wireless communication devices; if there are no other wireless devices attached, the private routing table does not need to be forwarded; meanwhile, whether there are other wireless devices attached in the obtained private routing table is determined to determine the identity of the wireless communication device in the current broadcast task: if there are other wireless devices attached, the identity of the wireless communication device in the current broadcast task is a transit node, and in subsequent broadcast data sending, the node forwards the received RTP data packet to the subordinate wireless communication device; if there are no other wireless devices attached, the identity of the wireless communication device in the current broadcast task is an edge node, and the received RTP data packet is not forwarded.

5. The real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing according to claim 1, wherein, The third stage is a broadcast network data sending and route maintaining stage. The broadcast network data sending is that the wireless communication device continuously receives the standard RTP data packet input by the user to the system application; the wireless communication device to which the system application receiving the standard RTP data packet broadcasts data at a self-defined time interval, and when the remaining wireless communication devices receive the data, the private route table obtained in the second stage is used to forward the received data to the associated wireless communication device recorded in the private route table; the route maintaining is that based on the standard RTP data packet of the user broadcast data, the start program of each wireless communication device counts all the received RTP data packets, and according to the data statistics of the received RTP data packet, the standard RTP data packet is classified by source, so as to count the packet loss rate and time delay information of the end-to-end path formed by the sender of each standard RTP data packet to the receiver of the standard RTP data packet, i.e. the wireless communication device, and the link quality information statistics of each path are obtained by weighted calculation; then, the system driver program uses the weighted sum results of the packet loss rate and the time delay as the score points of different links, compares the score points with the score threshold preset by the user, judges whether the link quality can meet the demand of the current broadcast route, if the score is lower than the score threshold preset by the user, it is judged that the current link cannot meet the demand of the broadcast route, and the link is switched to a high-score link; otherwise, the quality of the link can meet the demand of the current broadcast route.

6. A real-time communication system based on dynamic broadcast routing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wireless communication device to which the system application receiving the standard RTP data packet broadcasts data at a self-defined time interval, and when the remaining wireless communication devices receive the data, the private route table obtained in the second stage is used to forward the received data to the associated wireless communication device recorded in the private route table; the route maintaining is that based on the standard RTP data packet of the user broadcast data, the start program of each wireless communication device counts all the received RTP data packets, and according to the data statistics of the received RTP data packet, the standard RTP data packet is classified by source, so as to count the packet loss rate and time delay information of the end-to-end path formed by the sender of each standard RTP data packet to the receiver of the standard RTP data packet, i.e. the wireless communication device, and the link quality information statistics of each path are obtained by weighted calculation; then, the system driver program uses the weighted sum results of the packet loss rate and the time delay as the score points of different links, compares the score points with the score threshold preset by the user, judges whether the link quality can meet the demand of the current broadcast route, if the score is lower than the score threshold preset by the user, it is judged that the current link cannot meet the demand of the broadcast route, and the link is switched to a high-score link; otherwise, the quality of the link can meet the demand of the current broadcast route. The wireless communication device to which the system application receiving the standard RTP data packet broadcasts data at a self-defined time interval, and when the remaining wireless communication devices receive the data, the private route table obtained in the second stage is used to forward the received data to the associated wireless communication device recorded in the private route table; the route maintaining is that based on the standard RTP data packet of the user broadcast data, the start program of each wireless communication device counts all the received RTP data packets, and according to the data statistics of the received RTP data packet, the standard RTP data packet is classified by source, so as to count the packet loss rate and time delay information of the end-to-end path formed by the sender of each standard RTP data packet to the receiver of the standard RTP data packet, i.e. the wireless communication device, and the link quality information statistics of each path are obtained by weighted calculation; then, the system driver program uses the weighted sum results of the packet loss rate and the time delay as the score points of different links, compares the score points with the score threshold preset by the user, judges whether the link quality can meet the demand of the current broadcast route, if the score is lower than the score threshold preset by the user, it is judged that the current link cannot meet the demand of the broadcast route, and the link is switched to a high-score link; otherwise, the quality of the link can meet the demand of the current broadcast route.

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