Test device and method for high-speed icebreaking water entry test of structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device and method for high-speed icebreaking water entry of a structure, and belongs to the technical field of structure cross-medium launching tests. According to the invention, different sizes of floating ice are prepared by using different sizes of ice making molds, the floating ice is arranged on the water surface, and the water entry speed and angle of a structure can be accurately controlled by using a cross-medium launching device. The motion process of the structure is recorded through the high-speed photographing device, multi-physical-field data are obtained by combining the chamber opening speed measuring device, and the high-speed icebreaking water inlet flow field change of the structure and the motion stability of the structure are comprehensively analyzed. The method has high test precision and repeatability, meets the requirements of multi-working-condition water entry tests, and can provide important test support for high-speed icebreaking water entry research of structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of structure cross-medium launch test, and in particular to a test device and method for a structure to break ice and enter water at high speed. Background Art

[0002] The impact of floating ice on the entry of structures into water is an important topic of research in the polar military field. When a structure moves at high speed and hits floating ice into the water, the floating ice will not only affect the movement stability of the structure, but also have a direct impact on the structural stability and cavitation evolution mechanism of the structure entering the water. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately grasp the evolution of the cavitation structure of the structure breaking through the ice and entering the water, the load characteristics of the structure, and the influence mechanism of the movement posture of the structure entering the water.

[0003] However, the existing test methods are difficult to accurately capture and analyze the dynamic changes of structures at high speed through floating ice. Therefore, the present invention proposes a test method for high-speed ice-breaking and water-entry of structures, which provides reliable test support for studying water-entry of structures in polar environments and has broad application prospects and important scientific research value. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and method for a structure to break ice and enter water at high speed to solve the problems raised in the background technology. The present invention is suitable for scaled-down test research of cross-medium structures in polar environments, and is of great significance for theoretical analysis of multi-phase coupling such as structure-floating ice-water.

[0006] 2. Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A test device for a structure breaking ice and entering water at high speed, comprising an ice making device, a cross-medium launching device, an adjusting device, a water tank device, a lighting device, a measuring device and a photographing device;

[0009] The ice-making device comprises ice-making molds of different sizes, wherein the ice-making molds are made of silica gel and are used to prepare floating ice of different sizes and thicknesses;

[0010] The cross-medium launch device includes a barrel, a pressure sensor, a solenoid valve, a goniometer, a launch bracket, a gas storage chamber, a nitrogen bottle and an electromagnetic launcher, and is used to launch the structure used in the test;

[0011] The adjustment device includes a hydraulic rod and a guide rail for adjusting the launch angle of the cross-medium launch device;

[0012] The water tank device includes an open water tank, a steel plate and a pine board, which are used to hold the floating ice used in the test and simulate the test environment of the structure breaking ice and entering the water at high speed;

[0013] The lighting device comprises a lighting panel for providing lighting;

[0014] The measuring device includes a high-precision electronic scale and a muzzle velocity measuring device, wherein the high-precision electronic scale is used to weigh the test structure, and the muzzle velocity measuring device is used to collect the initial velocity of the structure;

[0015] The high-speed photography device includes a high-speed camera placed in front of the water tank device and used to shoot and record the complete water entry movement process of the structure.

[0016] Preferably, a workbench is fixedly installed on one side of the open water tank, and one end of the launching bracket is rotatably connected to the top surface of the workbench through a hinge; the solenoid valve and the goniometer are both fixedly installed on the launching bracket, the air storage chamber is connected to the inlet end of the solenoid valve, and the pressure sensor is arranged at the connection between the air storage chamber and the solenoid valve; the barrel is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the solenoid valve, and the air storage chamber and the barrel are also fixedly installed on the launching bracket; the nitrogen bottle and the electromagnetic launcher are arranged on one side of the workbench, the nitrogen bottle is connected to the air storage chamber through a connecting pipe, and the electromagnetic launcher is respectively connected to the solenoid valve and the air storage chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the guide rail is fixedly mounted on the workbench, the bottom end of the hydraulic rod is slidably mounted on the guide rail via a hinge, and the top end of the hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to the launching bracket via a hinge.

[0018] Preferably, the pine wood board is stacked together with the steel plate and placed on the bottom surface of the water tank to prevent high-speed moving structures from damaging the bottom surface of the water tank.

[0019] Preferably, the lighting panel is a panel composed of an LED array, and uses a soft light screen and grid paper to optimize the shooting picture and provide reference coordinates.

[0020] Preferably, the muzzle velocity measuring device is fixedly mounted at the muzzle of the barrel.

[0021] The present invention further provides a test method for a structure breaking ice and entering water at high speed, comprising the following contents:

[0022] S1. Use different ice-making devices to prepare ice floes of different sizes and thicknesses. Use transparent hollow tubes to build the periphery of the ice floe in the water tank device. Place the prepared large ice floes in the center of the ice floe to limit the movement of the ice floes and reduce the test error caused by ice floe slippage. At the same time, dynamically adjust the position of the ice floe area so that the water entry point of the structure is located in the center of the ice floe to meet the test requirements of different water entry angles of the structure.

[0023] S2. Preset the cross-medium launch device and the adjustment device to set the launch speed and the launch angle, use the high-pressure gas in the cross-medium launch device to fire the structure, and start the high-speed photography device to shoot and record at the same time when the structure is launched;

[0024] S3. Use high-speed photography to capture and record the complete process of the structure entering the water, collect the initial launch velocity of the structure, measure the underwater motion data of the structure through the grid paper on the lighting device, and use this to analyze the motion characteristics of the structure breaking through the ice and entering the water.

[0025] 3. Beneficial effects

[0026] The present invention designs a test device and method for a structure to break ice and enter water at high speed, which can realize the test of breaking ice and entering water under different launch conditions. By optimizing the test parameter settings, the flow field characteristics, floating ice movement and cavitation evolution during the test are made closer to the actual working conditions. In addition, the test achieves precise control of the launch parameters (speed, angle) of the structure entering the water through a cross-medium launch device, ensuring that the water entry process meets the test requirements and has high repeatability, greatly improving the test efficiency. The test device is compact in design, easy to adjust quickly, supports multi-condition research, and greatly reduces the test cost. The present invention is suitable for scaled-down test research of cross-medium structures in polar environments, and is of great significance to the theoretical analysis of multi-phase coupling such as structures, floating ice, and water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the test device for the high-speed ice-breaking and water-entry test of the structure mentioned in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ice-making mold and the high-precision electronic scale mentioned in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the experimental test method for the structure breaking ice and entering water at high speed mentioned in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0031] 1. Ice mold; 2. Barrel; 3. Pressure sensor; 4. Solenoid valve; 5. Goniometer; 6. Launch bracket; 7. Gas storage chamber; 8. Nitrogen bottle; 9. Electromagnetic launcher; 10. Hydraulic rod; 11. Guide rail; 12. Open water tank; 13. Steel plate; 14. Pine board; 15. Lighting board; 16. High-precision electronic scale; 17. Muzzle speed measuring device; 18. High-speed camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a test device for a structure breaking ice and entering water at high speed, comprising an ice making device, a launching device, an adjusting device, a water tank device, a lighting device, a high-speed photography device and a measuring device.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the ice-making device includes silicone ice-making molds 1 of different sizes, which are used to prepare floating ice with different physical parameters, and the floating ice fixing device is used to fix it on the free liquid surface;

[0036] The launching device is arranged above the water tank device, and is used to set the launching angle and launching speed of different structures. The launching device includes a barrel 2, a pressure sensor 3, an electromagnetic valve 4, a goniometer 5, a launching bracket 6, an air storage chamber 7, a nitrogen bottle 8, and an electromagnetic launcher 9. The air storage chamber 7 is connected to the nitrogen bottle 8, and can provide the pressure conditions required for launching; in addition, the electromagnetic valve 4 and the air storage chamber 7 are both connected to the electromagnetic launcher 9, which can monitor the gas pressure of the air storage chamber 7 on the one hand, and control the firing of the structure on the other hand.

[0037] The adjusting device includes a hydraulic rod 10 and a guide rail 11. The upper end of the hydraulic rod 10 is connected to the upper launching bracket 6, and the lower end is connected to the guide rail 11, which can change the launching angle and the water entry point of the structure;

[0038] The water tank device includes an open water tank 12, a steel plate 13 and a pine board 14. The pine board 14 and the steel plate 13 are placed together on the bottom surface of the open water tank 12 to prevent high-speed moving structures from damaging the bottom surface of the open water tank 12.

[0039] The lighting device includes a lighting panel 15, which is a panel composed of an LED array and uses a soft light screen and grid paper to optimize the shooting picture and provide reference coordinates;

[0040] The measuring device includes a high-precision electronic scale 16 and a muzzle velocity measuring device 17. The high-precision electronic scale 16 is used to weigh the test structure, and the muzzle velocity measuring device 17 is used to collect the initial velocity of the structure.

[0041] The high-speed photography device includes a high-speed camera 18, which is arranged at the front side of the open water tank 12 and is used to shoot and record the process of the structure entering the water.

[0042] Based on the above device design, the present invention further proposes an experimental test method for a structure breaking ice and entering water at high speed, the specific contents of which are as follows:

[0043] Step 1:

[0044] Prepare floating ice of different sizes and thicknesses according to the test requirements. Pour pure water into the ice-making mold 1, use a degassing device to degas the pure water first, and place it in a low-temperature thermostat for freezing. After the frozen test ice sample is demoulded, check whether its appearance and size meet the standards. Finally, classify the floating ice of different sizes, and place the floating ice that meets the test requirements in an ice storage cabinet for storage. Then the test personnel fill the open water tank 12 with water to ensure that the water depth of the open water tank 12 meets the test requirements. In order to ensure the stability of the test environment and the accuracy of the test results, the water in the open water tank 12 is strictly filtered and purified to remove impurities and ensure clear water quality.

[0045] Step 2:

[0046] After the open water tank 12 is filled with water, the test personnel begin to arrange the on-site instruments and auxiliary imaging components required for the test. The instruments required for the test mainly include a high-speed camera 18, a high-precision electronic scale 16, a muzzle velocity measuring device 17 and an electronic computer. The high-speed camera 18 is set up and turned on, and the computer and the high-speed camera 18 are connected at the same time. The shooting frame rate of the high-speed camera 18 is adjusted to 7200 frames per second, and the trigger mode is external triggering to better cooperate with the electromagnetic firing device.

[0047] Step 3:

[0048] After the high-speed camera 18 is built and adjusted, the test personnel begin to connect the key components required for the cross-media launch device to ensure that it can operate normally. First, the test personnel connect the gas storage chamber 7 with the solenoid valve 4, which is equipped with a pressure sensor 3 to monitor the pressure changes in the gas storage chamber 7 in real time. Then, the test personnel connect the nitrogen bottle 8 to the gas storage chamber 7 to provide sufficient gas pressure for the system. The pressure in the gas storage chamber 7 will be gradually adjusted to the set value according to the test requirements. The maximum pressure of the gas storage chamber 7 can reach 30MPa, and the maximum launch speed can reach 400m / s. Subsequently, the solenoid valve 4 is connected to the electromagnetic launcher 9 to form a complete launch control system. After the connection work is completed, the test personnel begin to accurately adjust the launch angle, monitor and set the launch angle through the goniometer 5 on the launch bracket 6, and ensure that the launch angle of the structure meets the test requirements. After the launch angle adjustment is completed, the test personnel will also strictly check the air tightness of the entire launch system to ensure that no gas leakage occurs under high pressure environment, ensure the safety of personnel during the entire test process, and install the muzzle speed measuring device 17 to the muzzle front end of the barrel 2. In addition, the test personnel accurately weighed the structure using a high-precision electronic scale 16 and recorded the mass of the structure and the initial launch pressure.

[0049] Step 4:

[0050] Then, the structure is loaded into the barrel 2, and the outer periphery of the floating ice is built with a hollow tube to fix the position of the floating ice and reduce the test error caused by the movement of the floating ice. At the same time, a piece of floating ice is taken out of the ice storage cabinet, and after recording its size data, it is placed on the free liquid surface. After the liquid surface and the floating ice are stable, the test personnel press the firing button while the test personnel responsible for shooting triggers the shooting button of the high-speed camera 18. Both are performed simultaneously to ensure that the high-speed camera 18 can accurately capture the entire movement process of the structure. The structure is launched at high speed, and after the structure breaks through the floating ice and hits the pine board 14 at the bottom of the open water tank 12 and stops moving, the test personnel record the residual pressure of the air storage chamber 7, and then release the residual pressure of the air storage chamber 7, and salvage the broken ice on the liquid surface out of the open water tank 12 to ensure the successful launch of the next structure. After the high-speed camera 18 is finished shooting, the shooting personnel check the captured images, especially focusing on checking the entire movement process of the structure from launching, entering the water to hitting the bullet receiving plate, to ensure that all key moments are completely captured. After confirming that the shooting data is complete and correct, the shooting personnel will export the video data from the storage device of the high-speed camera 18. At this point, a structure breaking ice and entering the water test is completed.

[0051] Step 5:

[0052] Repeat step 4 to complete the test conditions.

[0053] In summary, the present invention can realize the icebreaking and water entry test of structures under different launch conditions. By optimizing the test parameter settings, the flow field characteristics, floating ice movement and cavitation evolution during the test are closer to the actual working conditions. In addition, the test uses a cross-medium launch device to achieve precise control of the launch parameters (speed, angle) of the structure entering the water, ensuring that the water entry process meets the test requirements and has high repeatability, greatly improving the test efficiency. The test device is compact in design, easy to adjust quickly, supports multi-condition research, and greatly reduces the test cost. The present invention is suitable for scaled-down test research of cross-medium structures in polar environments, and is of great significance to the theoretical analysis of multi-phase coupling such as structures, floating ice, and water.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and improved concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and they should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for high-speed ice breaking and water entry of a structure, characterized in that: It includes ice making device, cross-medium transmitting device, regulating device, water tank device, lighting device, measuring device and photographic device; The ice-making device comprises ice-making molds (1) of different sizes, wherein the ice-making molds (1) are made of silica gel and are used to prepare floating ice of different sizes and thicknesses; The cross-medium launching device comprises a barrel (2), a pressure sensor (3), an electromagnetic valve (4), a goniometer (5), a launching bracket (6), a gas storage chamber (7), a nitrogen bottle (8) and an electromagnetic launcher (9), and is used for launching a structure used in a test; The adjusting device comprises a hydraulic rod (10) and a guide rail (11), and is used to adjust the launching angle of the cross-medium launching device; The water tank device comprises an open water tank (12), a steel plate (13) and a pine board (14), and is used to contain floating ice used in the test to simulate the test environment of a structure breaking ice and entering water at high speed; The lighting device comprises a lighting panel (15) for providing lighting; The measuring device comprises a high-precision electronic scale (16) and a muzzle velocity measuring device (17), wherein the high-precision electronic scale (16) is used to weigh the test structure, and the muzzle velocity measuring device (17) is used to collect the initial velocity of the structure; The high-speed photography device comprises a high-speed camera (18) which is placed in front of the water tank device and is used to photograph and record the complete water entry movement process of the structure.

2. The test device for high-speed ice breaking and water entry of a structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A workbench is fixedly mounted on one side of the open water tank (12); one end of the launch bracket (6) is rotatably connected to the top surface of the workbench via a hinge; the solenoid valve (4) and the goniometer (5) are both fixedly mounted on the launch bracket (6); the gas storage chamber (7) is connected to the inlet end of the solenoid valve (4); the pressure sensor (3) is arranged at the connection between the gas storage chamber (7) and the solenoid valve (4); the barrel (2) is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the solenoid valve (4); the gas storage chamber (7) and the barrel (2) are also fixedly mounted on the launch bracket (6); the nitrogen bottle (8) and the electromagnetic launcher (9) are arranged on one side of the workbench; the nitrogen bottle (8) is connected to the gas storage chamber (7) via a connecting pipe; the electromagnetic launcher (9) is respectively connected to the solenoid valve (4) and the gas storage chamber (7).

3. The test device for high-speed ice breaking and water entry of a structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rail (11) is fixedly mounted on the workbench, the bottom end of the hydraulic rod (10) is slidably mounted on the guide rail (11) via a hinge, and the top end of the hydraulic rod (10) is rotatably connected to the launching bracket (6) via a hinge.

4. The test device for high-speed ice breaking and water entry of a structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pine board (14) and the steel plate (13) are stacked together and placed on the bottom surface of the open water tank (12) to prevent high-speed moving structures from damaging the bottom surface of the open water tank (12).

5. The test device for high-speed ice-breaking and water-entry of a structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lighting lamp board (15) is a lamp board composed of an LED array, and uses a soft light screen and grid paper to optimize the shooting picture and provide reference coordinates.

6. The test device for high-speed ice-breaking and water-entry of a structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The muzzle velocity measuring device (17) is fixedly installed at the muzzle of the barrel (2).

7. A test method for high-speed ice breaking and water entry of a structure using the device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes the following: S1. Use different ice-making devices to prepare ice floes of different sizes and thicknesses. Use transparent hollow tubes to build the periphery of the ice floe in the water tank device. Place the prepared large ice floes in the center of the ice floe to limit the movement of the ice floes and reduce the test error caused by ice floe slippage. At the same time, dynamically adjust the position of the ice floe area so that the water entry point of the structure is located in the center of the ice floe to meet the test requirements of different water entry angles of the structure. S2. Preset the cross-medium launch device and the adjustment device to set the launch speed and the launch angle, use the high-pressure gas in the cross-medium launch device to fire the structure, and start the high-speed photography device to shoot and record at the same time when the structure is launched; S3. Use high-speed photography to capture and record the complete process of the structure entering the water, collect the initial launch velocity of the structure, measure the underwater motion data of the structure through the grid paper on the lighting device, and use this to analyze the motion characteristics of the structure breaking through the ice and entering the water.

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