Waste gas waste heat and waste moisture recycling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste gas waste heat and moisture recycling device which comprises a gas pumping mechanism, a heat exchanger and a moisture exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a first heat channel and a second heat channel, and the gas inlet end of the first heat channel is communicated with the gas pumping mechanism; the moisture exchanger comprises a first air channel and a second air channel, the air inlet end of the first air channel is communicated with the air outlet end of the first heat channel, the air outlet end of the first air channel can be communicated with the air inlet end of the air consumption equipment, the air outlet end of the second air channel is communicated with the air inlet end of the second heat channel, and the air inlet end of the second air channel can be communicated with the air outlet end of the air consumption equipment; the gas pumping mechanism is used for conveying fresh gas to the first heat channel, the first gas channel and the gas consumption equipment in sequence, and waste gas output by the gas consumption equipment sequentially passes through the second gas channel and the second heat channel and then is exhausted. The problem that a fuel cell system in the prior art is difficult to carry out heat exchange and moisture exchange on waste gas and fresh gas is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment, and in particular to a waste gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of global environmental problems and the emphasis on environmental protection, hydrogen energy has become the focus of global research and development due to its clean and renewable characteristics. Hydrogen fuel cells, as an efficient hydrogen energy conversion technology, can directly convert the chemical energy of hydrogen into electrical energy, showing the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency and zero pollution emissions. Although the fuel cell is called a "battery", it does not actually store energy, but is an energy converter, more like a "generator". Compared with traditional power generation methods, the energy conversion process of fuel cells does not involve open flame combustion, so the energy conversion efficiency is not limited by the "Carnot cycle". In addition, fuel cells also have the advantages of fuel diversification, low noise, cleaner exhaust, less environmental pollution, good maintainability and high reliability.

[0003] The hydrogen fuel cell system is a complete energy conversion system based on the fuel cell stack and its required auxiliary components. In order to ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell, the stack needs to be matched with an accessory system to continuously supply reactants with appropriate temperature, pressure, flow rate, and humidity to the fuel cell and discharge the generated water and heat.

[0004] During operation, the fuel cell system will generate a certain amount of high-temperature and high-humidity exhaust gas. This is because during the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell, hydrogen and oxygen combine to generate water and release heat at the same time. In addition, the fuel cell system also needs to continuously deliver a certain amount of fresh air during operation. Existing fuel cell systems find it difficult to exchange heat and moisture between exhaust gas and fresh air. Direct discharge of high-temperature and high-humidity exhaust gas will cause energy waste in the exhaust gas, seriously reducing the overall energy utilization of the system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and provide a waste gas waste heat and moisture recovery device to solve the problem that the fuel cell system in the prior art is difficult to exchange heat and moisture between waste gas and fresh air.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a waste gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device, comprising an air pumping mechanism, a heat exchanger and a moisture exchanger, the heat exchanger comprising a first heat channel and a second heat channel, the air inlet end of the first heat channel is connected to the air pumping mechanism; the moisture exchanger comprising a first air channel and a second air channel, the air inlet end of the first air channel is connected to the air outlet end of the first heat channel, the air outlet end of the first air channel can be connected to the air inlet end of an air-using device, the air outlet end of the second air channel is connected to the air inlet end of the second heat channel, the air inlet end of the second air channel can be connected to the air outlet end of the air-using device; the air pumping mechanism is used to transport new air to the first heat channel, the first air channel and the air-using equipment in sequence, and the waste gas output by the air-using equipment is discharged externally after passing through the second air channel and the second heat channel in sequence.

[0007] In some embodiments, a gas-liquid separator is connected between the gas outlet end of the second gas channel and the gas inlet end of the second hot channel.

[0008] In some embodiments, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator may be connected to the gas inlet of the gas-consuming equipment.

[0009] In some embodiments, an expander is further included, and an air inlet end of the expander is connected to an air outlet end of the second hot channel. In some embodiments, a muffler is further included, and the muffler is connected to the gas outlet end of the expander.

[0010] In some embodiments, a first three-way valve is provided between the outlet end of the first hot channel and the inlet end of the first air channel, a second three-way valve is provided between the outlet end of the first air channel and the inlet end of the air-using equipment, and the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected through a first conduit.

[0011] In some embodiments, a third three-way valve is provided between the outlet end of the second air channel and the inlet end of the second hot channel, a fourth three-way valve is provided between the inlet end of the second air channel and the outlet end of the gas-using equipment, and the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve are connected through a second conduit.

[0012] In some embodiments, a detection sensor is further included, wherein the detection sensor is connected to the air inlet end of the first airway, and the detection sensor is one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0013] In some embodiments, the air pumping mechanism is an air compressor, the air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the first heat channel, and the rotation of the air compressor is also connected to the output shaft of the generator.

[0014] In some embodiments, the gas-consuming equipment is a fuel cell stack.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a waste gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device, which is connected to the pumping mechanism through the air inlet end of the first hot channel, the air inlet end of the first air channel is connected to the air outlet end of the first hot channel, the air outlet end of the first air channel can be connected to the air inlet end of the air-using device, the air outlet end of the second air channel is connected to the air inlet end of the second hot channel, the air inlet end of the second air channel can be connected to the air outlet end of the air-using device, the pumping mechanism is used to transport the new air to the first hot channel, the first air channel and the air-using device in sequence, and the waste gas output by the air-using device is connected according to the air inlet end of the first hot channel. It passes through the second air channel and the second hot channel for the second time and then is discharged; in the heat exchanger, while the new air flows through the first hot channel, the exhaust gas flows through the second hot channel, the new air and the exhaust gas exchange heat, and the heat energy is transferred from the high-temperature exhaust gas to the low-temperature new air, thereby realizing the recovery of the exhaust gas energy and the preheating of the new air; in the moisture exchanger, while the new air flows through the first air channel, the exhaust gas flows through the second air channel, and the new air and the exhaust gas exchange moisture, and the water vapor in the exhaust gas is absorbed by the dry new air, thereby reducing the humidity of the exhaust gas, facilitating the recovery of the exhaust gas, and being able to increase the humidity of the new air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of a waste gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a working principle diagram of an exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0018] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult for fuel cell systems to exchange heat and moisture between exhaust gas and fresh air, the present invention provides a waste gas waste heat and moisture recovery device, which can realize heat and moisture exchange between exhaust gas and fresh air, and increase the heat and humidity of the fresh air.

[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 1-Figure 3An air treatment device in one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it includes an air pumping mechanism 1, a heat exchanger 2 and a moisture exchanger 3, the heat exchanger 2 includes a first heat channel 21 and a second heat channel 22, the air inlet end of the first heat channel 21 is connected to the air pumping mechanism 1; the moisture exchanger 3 includes a first air channel 31 and a second air channel 32, the air inlet end of the first air channel 31 is connected to the air outlet end of the first heat channel 21, the air outlet end of the first air channel 31 can be connected to the air inlet end of an air-using device, the air outlet end of the second air channel 32 is connected to the air inlet end of the second heat channel 22, and the air inlet end of the second air channel 32 can be connected to the air outlet end of an air-using device A; the air pumping mechanism 1 is used to transport new air to the first heat channel 21, the first air channel 31 and the air-using device in sequence, and the exhaust gas output by the air-using device A is discharged externally through the second air channel 32 and the second heat channel 22 in sequence.

[0020] It should be noted that the fresh air entering the heat exchanger exchanges heat with the exhaust gas discharged by the gas-consuming equipment, which increases the temperature of the fresh air supplied to the gas-consuming equipment and reduces the energy consumed in heating; the fresh air entering the moisture exchanger performs humidity balance with the exhaust gas discharged by the gas-consuming equipment, the humidity of the fresh air increases, and the humidity of the exhausted exhaust gas decreases. On the one hand, the fresh air with a certain humidity is beneficial to the reaction of the gas-consuming equipment, and on the other hand, the drier exhaust gas is more conducive to recovery.

[0021] It should be noted that the present embodiment does not limit the specific types of heat exchangers and moisture exchangers, and the technical effect of the present embodiment can be achieved as long as the balance of heat and humidity between fresh air and exhaust gas can be achieved. In one embodiment, the heat exchanger can be a plate heat exchanger, a shell and tube heat exchanger, a finned tube heat exchanger, a heat pipe heat exchanger, a rotary full heat exchanger, or a membrane full heat exchanger.

[0022] On the basis of the above scheme, a gas-liquid separator 4 is connected between the gas outlet end of the second gas channel 32 and the gas inlet end of the second hot channel 22. Specifically, in the moisture exchanger, the humidity of the fresh air in the first gas channel increases, and the humidity of the exhaust gas in the second gas channel decreases. However, the exhaust gas still contains a certain degree of water vapor, which may damage the downstream equipment. Therefore, the gas-liquid separator 4 can further separate the water vapor in the exhaust gas and reduce the loss to the downstream equipment.

[0023] It should be noted that the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 4 can be connected to the air inlet end of the gas-using equipment; specifically, the working principle of the moisture exchanger is to transfer the water vapor in the exhaust gas to the new air as much as possible to increase the humidity of the new air. Connecting the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator with the air inlet of the gas-using equipment can further increase the humidity of the new air and transfer the water vapor that the moisture exchanger fails to transfer to the new air.

[0024] In this specific embodiment, the air pump mechanism 1 is an air compressor, the air outlet end of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet end of the first hot channel 21, and the rotating shaft of the air compressor is also connected to the output shaft of the generator; it should be noted that the air compressor is used to compress the air and send it into the gas-using equipment to provide sufficient raw materials for the electrochemical reaction.

[0025] On the basis of the above scheme, an expander 5 is also included, the air inlet end of the expander 5 is connected to the air outlet end of the second hot channel 22, and the expander 5 can utilize the high-pressure exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack, and through the principle of turbine expansion work, a part of the energy in the exhaust gas is recovered and utilized, thereby reducing the air compressor's demand for power. This coordination not only improves the overall efficiency of the device, but also reduces energy consumption and hydrogen consumption. It has significant economic significance for fuel cell companies in application scenarios such as long-distance heavy loads. Through the energy recovery of the expander, the power required for the fuel cell stack can be reduced, thereby reducing the operating cost of the fuel cell system.

[0026] On the basis of the above scheme, the muffler 6 is connected to the air outlet end of the expander 5. The setting of the muffler can reduce the working volume of the device, reduce the noise pollution to the surrounding environment, protect the hearing of the operator, and improve the comfort and safety of the workplace.

[0027] In addition, a first three-way valve 23 is provided between the outlet end of the first hot channel 21 and the inlet end of the first air channel 31, and a second three-way valve 24 is provided between the outlet end of the first air channel 31 and the inlet end of the gas-using equipment, and the first three-way valve 23 and the second three-way valve 24 are connected via a first conduit 7; it should be noted that the first three-way valve 23 and the second three-way valve 24 are fresh air three-way valves, and the setting of the fresh air three-way valve allows the output gas of the first hot channel to be diverted as needed, part of which is humidified through the first air channel, and part of which is directly supplied to the gas-using equipment, so that more precise control of the humidity of the provided air can be achieved.

[0028] Among them, a third three-way valve 25 is provided between the outlet end of the second air duct 32 and the inlet end of the second hot channel 22, and a fourth three-way valve 26 is provided between the inlet end of the second air duct 32 and the outlet end of the gas-using equipment, and the third three-way valve 25 and the fourth three-way valve 26 are connected via a second conduit 8; it should be noted that the third three-way valve 25 and the fourth three-way valve 26 are exhaust gas three-way valves, and the setting of the exhaust gas three-way valve enables the exhaust gas output by the gas-using equipment to be diverted before the moisture exchanger, part of which enters the second air duct to humidify the fresh air, and part of which directly skips the moisture exchanger, thereby achieving further adjustment of the fresh air humidity and avoiding excessive humidity of the fresh air input to the gas-using equipment to damage the gas-using equipment.

[0029] On the basis of the above scheme, it also includes a detection sensor, which is connected to the air inlet end of the first air duct 31. The detection sensor is one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor or a pressure sensor. It should be noted that setting a temperature sensor can accurately control and monitor the air temperature, ensure that the fresh air reaches the preset temperature, improve energy efficiency, prevent overcooling or overheating, and protect sensitive equipment and materials from temperature fluctuations in industrial applications, thereby maintaining the stability of the production process.

[0030] In addition, humidity sensors can be used to monitor the humidity of the gas in the device, so that the air humidity can be monitored and adjusted in real time to ensure that the air reaches the required humidity level, thereby preventing equipment damage that may be caused by excessive dryness or humidity. At the same time, it can also optimize energy efficiency and avoid unnecessary energy consumption.

[0031] Furthermore, a pressure sensor can be used to monitor the air pressure of the gas in the device. The pressure sensor can monitor the changes in air pressure in real time, which is crucial for controlling air flow, maintaining pressure stability in the device, and optimizing the device processing process. The pressure sensor can provide accurate pressure data to help the device automatically adjust operating parameters to adapt to different working conditions, thereby improving energy efficiency and processing efficiency.

[0032] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device, characterized in that: It comprises an air pump mechanism, a heat exchanger and a moisture exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a first heat channel and a second heat channel, and an air inlet end of the first heat channel is connected to the air pump mechanism; The moisture exchanger includes a first air duct and a second air duct, the air inlet end of the first air duct is connected to the air outlet end of the first hot channel, the air outlet end of the first air duct can be connected to the air inlet end of the air-using equipment, the air outlet end of the second air duct is connected to the air inlet end of the second hot channel, and the air inlet end of the second air duct can be connected to the air outlet end of the air-using equipment; the air pumping mechanism is used to transport the new air to the first hot channel, the first air duct and the air-using equipment in sequence, and the exhaust gas output by the air-using equipment is discharged externally after passing through the second air duct and the second hot channel in sequence.

2. The exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A gas-liquid separator is connected between the gas outlet end of the second gas channel and the gas inlet end of the second hot channel.

3. The exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator can be communicated with the gas inlet end of the gas-using equipment.

4. The exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an expander, wherein the air inlet end of the expander is connected to the air outlet end of the second hot channel.

5. The exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes a muffler, which is connected to the gas outlet end of the expander.

6. The exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first three-way valve is provided between the outlet end of the first hot channel and the inlet end of the first air channel, a second three-way valve is provided between the outlet end of the first air channel and the inlet end of the air-using equipment, and the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected through a first conduit.

7. The exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A third three-way valve is provided between the outlet end of the second air channel and the inlet end of the second hot channel, a fourth three-way valve is provided between the inlet end of the second air channel and the outlet end of the gas-using equipment, and the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve are connected through a second conduit.

8. The exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a detection sensor, which is connected to the air inlet end of the first airway. The detection sensor is one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a pressure sensor.

9. The exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air pump mechanism is an air compressor, the air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the first heat channel, and the rotating shaft of the air compressor is also connected to the output shaft of the generator.

10. The exhaust gas waste heat and moisture recovery and utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-consuming equipment is a fuel cell stack.

Images