Friction welding temperature measuring device

Abstract

The invention relates to a friction welding temperature measuring device, and belongs to the technical field of friction welding. Comprising a fixing unit and a connecting block which are connected through a connecting unit, the fixing unit comprises a fixing main base and a fixing auxiliary base which are connected through a telescopic unit, and a temperature measuring instrument inserted into cavities of the fixing main base and the fixing auxiliary base is fixed to the telescopic unit; the telescopic unit comprises a variable-angle quadrangle composed of four connecting rods and pin shafts, two pin shafts are fixed to the fixing main base and the fixing auxiliary base respectively, the other two pin shafts are provided with fixing rings used for fixing the temperature measuring element respectively, an elastic element is further arranged in the fixing main base, and the elastic element abuts against one end of the temperature measuring element. The telescopic unit is shortened, the elastic element is extruded, the thermodetector axially moves in the cavity, synchronous movement of the temperature measuring element and a workpiece welding seam is achieved, it is guaranteed that the relative position of the thermodetector and the welding seam is not changed, the accuracy of welding seam temperature monitoring is guaranteed, friction parameters are controlled according to the measured welding seam temperature, and the welding seam quality is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of friction welding and relates to a friction welding temperature measuring device. Background Art

[0002] Friction welding is a highly efficient and energy-saving solid-phase welding technology that has been widely used in industrial production. In this process, a rotating workpiece (usually called a rotating part, the workpiece is axially stationary) contacts and generates relative motion with another stationary workpiece (axially moving part) under a certain pressure. The frictional heat generates the contact surface to a plastic state, and then the welding is completed by rapid upsetting. However, the quality of friction welding is highly dependent on the precise control of welding parameters, among which the reasonable matching of rotation speed, clamping pressure and friction time is the key to forming high-quality welds.

[0003] Traditionally, operators set these parameters based on experience and judge the quality of the weld by observing the macroscopic features that appear during the welding process. This method has great uncertainty and it is difficult to achieve precise control of the welding temperature. Especially in composite heating friction welding, due to the additional introduction of heat sources such as induction heating or laser heating, the thermal environment of the welding system becomes more complex, and the temperature control of the molten welding metal becomes more difficult. Improper temperature control may not only lead to substandard weld microstructure and performance, but also may cause welding defects such as thermal cracks and pores, which seriously affect the mechanical properties and safety and reliability of the welded parts.

[0004] In order to overcome this problem, the industry urgently needs to develop a technology that can monitor the weld metal temperature in real time and accurately, so as to achieve precise monitoring and control of welding temperature and effectively control the weld quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a friction welding temperature measuring device to achieve closed-loop control of the molten metal temperature of the friction welding weld, thereby effectively controlling the friction welding quality and reducing the welding loss of the metal.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A friction welding temperature measuring device comprises a fixing unit and a connecting block which are connected to each other; the fixing unit comprises a telescopic unit, and a temperature measuring instrument is arranged on the telescopic unit; the temperature measuring instrument comprises a temperature measuring element which always points to the weld of a workpiece.

[0008] Optionally, the fixed unit includes a fixed main seat and a fixed auxiliary seat connected via a telescopic unit.

[0009] Optionally, the fixed main seat and the fixed auxiliary seat are respectively provided with cavities with openings facing each other, and the two ends of the thermometer are respectively inserted into the two cavities.

[0010] Optionally, an elastic element that is telescopic toward the thermometer is provided at one end of the cavity of the fixed main seat away from the opening.

[0011] Optionally, the telescopic unit includes four connecting rods of equal length, and adjacent connecting rods are rotatably connected by pins to form a variable-angle quadrilateral.

[0012] Optionally, two first pins on a diagonal line of the variable-angle quadrilateral are connected to the fixed main seat and the fixed auxiliary seat respectively; and two second pins on the remaining diagonal line are connected to the fixed ring.

[0013] Optionally, two variable-angle quadrilaterals are provided, which are fixed to both sides of the connection between the fixed main seat and the fixed auxiliary seat through the first pin shaft respectively.

[0014] Optionally, a screw hole is provided on the fixed main seat, and a strip-shaped limit groove is provided on the thermometer, and a limit screw passes through the screw hole and is inserted into the strip-shaped limit groove; as the telescopic unit is extended and retracted, the limit screw slides in the strip-shaped limit groove.

[0015] Optionally, the fixed main seat is arranged on the friction welding machine body, and the connecting block is arranged on the movable fixture of the friction welding machine.

[0016] Optionally, the fixing unit and the connecting block are in contact with each other via a connecting unit.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The temperature measuring device of the present invention is installed on the friction welding equipment. When the moving fixture of the friction welding machine moves, the fixed sub-seat moves axially with the moving fixture toward the fixed main seat, so that the elastic element in the fixed main seat is compressed, and the temperature measuring instrument slides in the cavity of the fixed main seat. The axis of the temperature measuring instrument changes with the position of the weld, and always points to the weld of the workpiece, thereby accurately measuring the temperature of the molten body in the weld and optimizing the welding quality. The present invention has a simple structure, convenient installation, and a variety of temperature measuring instruments can be adapted in the fixed unit, and all of them can ensure that the temperature measuring element always points to the weld of the workpiece, ensuring accurate monitoring of the temperature of the weld of the workpiece, and facilitating the adjustment of the time control of friction welding. On the one hand, it can optimize the welding quality, and on the other hand, it can also reduce the loss caused by metal welding.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 It is the overall axonometric diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 sectional view of

[0023] Figure 3 Axonometric drawing without the connection block, connection unit and temperature measuring instrument;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 sectional view of

[0025] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the fixed main seat;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Side view of

[0027] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of the fixed circle;

[0028] Figure 8 This is an enlarged view of the fixed vice seat;

[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 sectional view of

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention installed on a machine tool body and a movable fixture.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 1 mobile fixture, 2 machine body, 3 workpiece weld, 4 temperature measuring device, 5 fixing unit, 51 fixed main seat, 511 screw hole, 52 fixed sub-seat, 53 cavity, 54 elastic element, 55 telescopic unit, 551 connecting rod, 552 pin, 5521 first pin, 5522 second pin, 56 fixing ring, 6 connecting block, 7 connecting unit, 8 thermometer, 81 temperature measuring element, 82 thermometer axis, 9 limit screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0034] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0035] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 9 , is a friction welding temperature measuring device, comprising a fixing unit 5 and a connecting block 6 connected to each other; the fixing unit 5 comprises a telescopic unit 55, and a thermometer 8 is arranged on the telescopic unit 55; the thermometer 8 comprises a temperature measuring element 81 which always points to the workpiece weld 3. The central axis of the temperature measuring element 81 is the thermometer axis 82, and the thermometer axis 82 coincides with the surface where the workpiece weld 3 is located, so that the temperature measuring element 81 always points to the workpiece weld 3, and the relative position of the temperature measuring element 81 and the workpiece weld 3 remains fixed.

[0037] The fixed main seat 51 is fixed on the friction welding machine bed 2, and the connecting block 6 is arranged on the movable fixture 1 of the friction welding machine, and the connecting block 6 can move with the movement of the movable fixture 1. The installation positions of the fixed main seat 51 and the connecting block 6 can be exchanged, and this embodiment is a preferred solution that is easier to operate and more convenient for adjustment and calibration during installation.

[0038] The fixing unit 5 includes a fixing main seat 51 and a fixing sub-seat 52 connected by a telescopic unit 55. The fixing main seat 51 and the fixing sub-seat 52 are respectively provided with cavities 53 with openings facing each other, and the two ends of the thermometer 8 are respectively inserted into the two cavities 53. An elastic element 54 that is telescopic toward the thermometer 8 is provided at one end of the cavity 53 of the fixing main seat 51 away from the opening. In some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic element 54 is preferably a spring. In use, the fixing main seat 51 is mounted on the friction welding machine bed 2 and is fixed, and the fixing sub-seat 52 can move forward and backward under the action of an external force, thereby driving the thermometer 8 and the fixing ring 56 to move axially.

[0039] The telescopic unit 55 includes four equal-length connecting rods 551, and adjacent connecting rods 551 are rotatably connected by pins 552 to form a variable angle quadrilateral. There are two variable angle quadrilaterals, which are fixed on both sides of the connection between the fixed main seat 51 and the fixed auxiliary seat 52 by first pins 5521. The two first pins 5521 on one diagonal of the variable angle quadrilateral are connected to the fixed main seat 51 and the fixed auxiliary seat 52 respectively; the two second pins 5522 on the other diagonal are connected to the fixing ring 56. The fixing ring 56 is used to fix the temperature measuring element 81 of the thermometer 8 so that the temperature measuring element 81 always faces the workpiece weld 3. A screw hole 511 is provided on the fixed main seat 51, and a strip-shaped limit groove (not shown in the figure) is provided on the thermometer 8. The width of the strip-shaped limit groove matches the width of the limit screw 9. The limit screw 9 passes through the screw hole 511 and is inserted into the strip-shaped limit groove to realize axial sliding and limiting of the thermometer 8; as the telescopic unit 55 is extended and retracted, the limit screw 9 slides in the strip-shaped limit groove.

[0040] The fixing sub-base 52 of the fixing unit 5 is in contact with the connecting block 6 through the connecting unit 7. In some embodiments of the present invention, the connecting unit 7 is preferably an adjusting screw. Accordingly, a screw hole is provided on one side of the fixing sub-base 52 facing the connecting block 6 to facilitate connection with the adjusting screw.

[0041] During operation, the movable fixture 1 clamps the axial movable part and moves, the rotating part rotates and contacts with the axial movable part to form a weld, and the metal at both ends is evenly melted to form a workpiece weld 3. The two ends of the workpiece weld 3 are evenly melted during friction welding, and the weld gradually changes toward the fixed seat; as the telescopic unit 55 shortens, the distance between the fixed main seat 51 and the fixed sub-seat 52 becomes closer and closer, the spring in the fixed main seat 51 is compressed, and the thermometer 8 slides in the cavity 53 of the fixed main seat 51 and the fixed sub-seat 52, but due to the fixation of the temperature measuring element 81 by the fixing ring 56, the temperature measuring element 81 always points to the workpiece weld 3 to measure the most accurate real-time temperature of the workpiece weld 3, and the strip limit groove of the thermometer 8 slides relative to the limit screw 9, and does not separate from the fixed main seat 51 under the action of the spring.

[0042] When the telescopic unit 55 is in the extended state, the distance between the fixed main seat 51 and the fixed auxiliary seat 52 is relatively far, which can facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the temperature measuring instrument 8, making the fixed unit 5 more versatile and adaptable.

[0043] During the welding seam heating (frictional heating or friction + induction heating), the welding seam temperature is tested by the temperature measuring element 81, and the measured welding seam temperature is fed back to the control system to further adjust and control the friction time, thereby optimizing the friction welding quality.

[0044] like Fig.10 The temperature measuring device 4 of the present invention is installed on the friction welding equipment, wherein during installation, the axis 82 of the temperature measuring instrument is flush with the end surface of the workpiece to be welded, the movable clamp 1 clamps the welding workpiece, the welding workpiece contacts the workpiece to be welded, and the adjusting screw is adjusted to make the fixed sub-base 52 just contact with the connecting block 6.

[0045] The temperature measurement process is as follows:

[0046] S1, first pre-top the workpiece, so that the end faces of the welding workpiece and the welded workpiece are just in contact, the connecting block 6 is in contact with the limit screw 9, and the temperature measurement begins;

[0047] S2, the workpiece rotates, the end faces of the workpieces generate heat due to friction, and under the action of friction pressure, the end faces of the welding workpiece and the workpiece being welded are uniformly melted and shortened;

[0048] S3, the telescopic unit 55 changes axially as the molten metal shortens, so that the distance between the fixed main seat 51 and the fixed auxiliary seat 52 shortens, and the temperature measuring instrument 8 moves axially in the cavity 53;

[0049] S4, the thermometer 8 continuously measures the temperature of the weld until the weld reaches the welding temperature;

[0050] S5, friction welding upsetting, workpiece welding, temperature measurement completed.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction welding temperature measuring device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixing unit (5) and a connecting block (6) connected to each other; the fixing unit (5) comprises a telescopic unit (55), and a temperature measuring instrument (8) is provided on the telescopic unit (55); the temperature measuring instrument (8) comprises a temperature measuring element (81) which is always directed toward the weld seam (3) of the workpiece.

2. The friction welding temperature measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing unit (5) comprises a fixing main seat (51) and a fixing auxiliary seat (52) connected via a telescopic unit (55).

3. The friction welding temperature measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed main seat (51) and the fixed auxiliary seat (52) are respectively provided with cavities (53) with openings facing each other, and the two ends of the thermometer (8) are respectively inserted into the two cavities (53).

4. The friction welding temperature measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An elastic element (54) that is retractable toward the thermometer (8) is provided at one end of the cavity (53) of the fixed main seat (51) away from the opening.

5. The friction welding temperature measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic unit (55) comprises four connecting rods (551) of equal length, and adjacent connecting rods (551) are rotatably connected via pins (552) to form a variable-angle quadrilateral.

6. The friction welding temperature measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two first pins (5521) on one diagonal line of the variable angle quadrilateral are connected to the fixed main seat (51) and the fixed auxiliary seat (52) respectively; and the two second pins (5522) on the other diagonal line are connected to the fixed ring (56).

7. The friction welding temperature measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two variable angle quadrilaterals are provided, and are fixed to both sides of the connection between the fixed main seat (51) and the fixed auxiliary seat (52) through the first pin shaft (5521).

8. The friction welding temperature measuring device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The fixed main seat (51) is provided with a screw hole (511), the thermometer (8) is provided with a strip-shaped limiting groove, and the limiting screw (9) passes through the screw hole (511) and is locked in the strip-shaped limiting groove; as the telescopic unit (55) is extended and retracted, the limiting screw (9) slides in the strip-shaped limiting groove.

9. The friction welding temperature measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed main seat (51) is arranged on a friction welding machine bed (2), and the connecting block (6) is arranged on a movable fixture (1) of the friction welding machine.

10. The friction welding temperature measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing unit (5) and the connecting block (6) are kept in contact via the connecting unit (7).

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