Five-axis rotary table

Abstract

The invention discloses a five-axis rotary table which comprises a base, a clamping table used for clamping a workpiece, a cradle body used for driving the clamping table to rotate around the center line, a driving assembly and a driven assembly, and the driving assembly and the driven assembly are arranged at the left end and the right end of the cradle body, drive the cradle body to swing and are detachably fixed to the two ends of the base respectively. The cradle body comprises a rotating box body and a first output shaft, a rotary disc, a first gear ring, a rotary body, a first rotary table bearing, a base, a first driving unit, a second driving unit and a first brake unit which are arranged in the rotating box body, the lower end of the first output shaft is connected with the base through the bearing, and the first gear ring is fixed to the outer side of the rotary disc; the first driving unit comprises a first gear, the second driving unit comprises a second gear, and the first gear and the second gear are engaged with the first gear ring. The fit clearance of the transmission structure can be eliminated, and the machining precision of the machining center is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of five-axis machining equipment, and in particular to a five-axis turntable. Background Art

[0002] The CNC turntable is an important functional component of the CNC machining center. It can process parts with complex curved surfaces and is an important component of high-end CNC machine tools. It can process any curved surface contour through multi-axis linkage.

[0003] The common transmission system of the turntable usually adopts double gears, worm gears, end gears and other structures. There are many problems with the above transmission structures, and it is difficult to meet the precision processing requirements of the five-axis turntable. For example: using double gears as the transmission structure of the turntable, due to the long transmission chain and low servo stiffness, there is a fit gap, and eliminating the fit gap requires a complex algorithm; using a single worm gear as the transmission structure of the turntable, the single worm gear has a certain positioning accuracy and can achieve partial elimination of the gap, but the single worm gear can only achieve limited processing accuracy for the machining center; using double single worm gears as the transmission structure of the turntable, the double single worm gears can achieve high servo stiffness, high positioning accuracy and high CNC linkage accuracy, but it requires worm gear parts with extremely high processing accuracy, and the elimination of clearance needs to be based on a complex algorithm.

[0004] If there is a clearance in the transmission structure of the turntable, it will aggravate the wear of the turntable, increase noise and vibration, reduce the machining accuracy of the machining center, and directly affect the finished product accuracy of the workpiece. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a five-axis turntable to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a five-axis turntable, including a base, a clamping table for clamping workpieces, a cradle body that drives the clamping table to rotate around a center line, and a driving component and a driven component that are arranged at the left and right ends of the cradle body and drive the cradle body to swing, the driving component and the driven component are respectively detachably fixed at the two ends of the base, the cradle body includes a rotating box body and a first output shaft, a rotating disk, a first gear ring, a rotating body, a first turntable bearing, a base, a first driving unit, a second driving unit and a first brake unit arranged in the rotating box body, the base is detachably fixed to the bottom plate of the rotating box body, and the lower end of the first output shaft is connected to the first output shaft through a bearing. The first gear and the second gear are connected to the base, the upper end of the first output shaft passes through the rotating box and is connected to the clamping table, the turntable is fixed on the first output shaft, the first gear ring is fixed on the outer side of the turntable, the first drive unit and the second drive unit are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first gear ring, the first drive unit includes a first gear, and the second drive unit includes a second gear, the first gear and the second gear are respectively engaged with the first gear ring, the rotating body is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the turntable, the rotating body is connected to the base through the first turntable bearing, and the first brake unit is arranged between the rotating body and the first output shaft and above the base.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first driving unit further includes a first driving motor and a first reducer, and the first reducer and the first gear are respectively fixed on the output shaft of the first driving motor;

[0008] The second driving unit further includes a second driving motor and a second reducer, and the second reducer and the second gear are respectively fixed on the output shaft of the second driving motor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first brake unit includes a brake cylinder, a first brake ring, a second brake ring, a cylinder body and a brake piston, the first brake ring and the cylinder body are fixedly connected to the rotating body, the second brake ring and the brake piston are fixedly connected to the base, the second brake ring is partially located above the first brake ring, and the brake piston is arranged in the cylinder body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cradle body also includes a plurality of female pins and a plurality of male pins, the plurality of female pins and the plurality of male pins are arranged one-to-one, the male pins are inserted into the female pins, the female pins are fixed to the lower end surface of the clamping table, and the male pins are fixed to the upper end surface of the turntable.

[0011] In certain embodiments, the cradle body further includes a grating encoder for detecting a rotation speed of the first output shaft and a position of the clamping platform, and the grating encoder is fixed on the base and faces the rotating body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a first housing, a third drive motor, and a second output shaft, a first ring gear, a worm, and a second brake unit arranged in the first housing, the first ring gear is fixed to the outside of the second output shaft, the worm is connected to the third drive motor through a coupling, and the worm is meshed with the first ring gear.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second brake unit includes a brake flange seat detachably fixed in the first housing, a brake driven pad fixed on the second output shaft, a brake stationary pad fixedly connected to the brake flange seat and partially located below the brake driven pad, and a first brake pressure disc movably configured in the brake flange seat and located below the brake stationary pad, a pressure disc groove is provided in the brake flange seat, and the brake pressure disc is configured in the pressure disc groove and has the freedom to float up and down.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second brake unit further includes an elastic return member for returning the brake stationary pad to its original position, the first box body is provided with a return spring mounting hole, the elastic return member is arranged in the return spring mounting hole and abuts against the upper surface of the brake stationary pad;

[0015] The elastic reset member is a spring.

[0016] In some embodiments, the driving assembly further includes an origin sensing switch for detecting a rotational speed of the second output shaft and a position of the clamping table, and the origin sensing switch is fixed to the first housing through a bracket and faces the second output shaft.

[0017] In certain embodiments, the driven assembly includes a third housing detachably fixed to the base and a rotating shaft rotatably disposed in the third housing and connected to the rotating housing.

[0018] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] The cradle body of the present invention drives the first output shaft to rotate by forming a dual drive structure through the first drive unit and the second drive unit, and uses the first gear and the second gear to form a dual gear structure to eliminate the matching clearance, thereby extending the service life of the turntable, reducing the vibration during the operation of the turntable, and improving the machining accuracy of the machining center. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1A three-dimensional diagram of a five-axis turntable of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a five-axis turntable of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cradle body of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of middle part B;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of middle C;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0028] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present invention and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0029] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected", and "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 The present invention provides a five-axis turntable, including a base 1, a clamping table 3 for clamping a workpiece, a cradle body 2 for driving the clamping table 3 to rotate around a center line, and a driving component 4 and a driven component 5 arranged at the left and right ends of the cradle body 2 and driving the cradle body 2 to swing, and the driving component 4 and the driven component 5 are respectively detachably fixed at the two ends of the base 1.

[0033] Reference Figures 2 to 5 The cradle body 2 includes a rotating box and a first output shaft 21, a rotating disk 22, a first gear ring 23, a rotating body 24, a first turntable bearing 25, a base 26, a first driving unit 27, a second driving unit 28 and a first brake unit 29 arranged in the rotating box.

[0034] The rotating box body is set up including a box body 201 and a connecting base plate 202 detachably connected to the box body 201. The box body 201 is respectively connected to the driving component 4 and the driven component 5. The box body 201 and the connecting base plate 202 form an installation cavity. The first output shaft 21, the turntable 22, the first ring gear 23, the rotating body 24, the first turntable bearing 25, the base 26, the first drive unit 27, the second drive unit 28 and the first brake unit 29 are all arranged in the installation cavity.

[0035] Furthermore, the cross-section of the base 26 is generally in a "concave" shape, and the lower end of the base 26 is fixed to the bottom plate 202 of the rotating box body by bolts and other fasteners, and the lower end of the base 26 is connected to the box body 201 by bolts and other fasteners. The base 26 divides the installation cavity into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity, and the first cavity is located between the second cavity and the third cavity, wherein the first output shaft 21, the turntable 22, the first ring gear 23, the rotating body 24, the first turntable bearing 25 and the first brake unit 29 are arranged in the first cavity, the first drive unit 27 is arranged in the second cavity, and the second drive unit 28 is arranged in the third cavity.

[0036] A bearing hole is provided at the lower end of the base 26 , and the lower end of the first output shaft 21 is disposed in the bearing hole and connected to the base 26 via a bearing 31 . The upper end of the first output shaft 21 passes through the rotating box and is connected to the clamping table 3 .

[0037] The rotary disk 22 is fixed on the first output shaft 21, and the first gear ring 23 is fixed on the outer side of the rotary disk 22. The left and right sides of the upper end of the base 26 are respectively provided with a first through slot and a second through slot, the first cavity is connected with the second cavity through the first through slot, and the first cavity is connected with the third cavity through the second through slot, the first drive unit 27 and the second drive unit 28 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first gear ring 23, the first drive unit 27 includes a first gear 273, and the second drive unit 28 includes a second gear 283, the first gear 273 is partially movably arranged in the first through slot and passes through the first through slot to mesh with the first gear ring 23, and the second gear 283 is partially movably arranged in the second through slot and passes through the first through slot to mesh with the first gear ring 23.

[0038] The rotating body 24 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the rotating disk 22 . The rotating body 24 is connected to the base 26 via the first turntable bearing 25 . The first brake unit 29 is disposed between the rotating body 24 and the first output shaft 21 and above the base 26 .

[0039] The present invention drives the first gear ring 23 to rotate by the first driving unit 27 and the second driving unit 28, thereby driving the clamping table 3 to rotate. The first gear 273 of the first driving unit 27 and the second gear 283 of the second driving unit 28 are respectively engaged with the first gear ring 23. The first gear 273 and the second gear 283 form a double gear structure. The meshing position of the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear and the first gear ring 23 is adjusted to eliminate the matching clearance, thereby extending the service life of the turntable, reducing the vibration during the operation of the turntable, and improving the machining accuracy of the machining center.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first drive unit 27 further includes a first drive motor 271 and a first reducer 272, and the first reducer 272 and the first gear 273 are respectively fixed on the output shaft of the first drive motor 271. The second drive unit 28 further includes a second drive motor 281 and a second reducer 282, and the second reducer 282 and the second gear 283 are respectively fixed on the output shaft of the second drive motor 281.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first brake unit 29 is used to achieve relative stillness between the rotating body 24 and the base 26, thereby braking the first output shaft 21. The first brake unit 29 includes a brake oil cylinder, a first brake ring 291, a second brake ring 292, a cylinder body 293 and a brake piston 294, the cylinder body 293 is arranged below the cylinder body 293 and above the rotating body 24, the first brake ring 291 and the cylinder body 293 are both fixedly connected to the rotating body 24, the second brake ring 292 is arranged below the brake piston 294 and above the base 26, the second brake ring 292 is arranged partially above the first brake ring 291, the second brake ring 292 and the brake piston 294 are both fixedly connected to the base 26, and the brake piston 294 is arranged inside the cylinder body 293.

[0042] Furthermore, a plurality of hydraulic oil circuits are provided in the first output shaft 21 , and the plurality of hydraulic oil circuits are connected to the first brake unit 29 . Hydraulic oil is provided to the first brake unit 29 through the hydraulic oil circuits so that the first brake unit 29 brakes the first output shaft 21 .

[0043] Furthermore, the first brake unit 29 also includes a first sealing component, which includes a first skeleton oil seal 32 . The first skeleton oil seal 32 is sleeved on the lower end of the first output shaft 21 and located above the bearing 31 . The first skeleton oil seal 32 is arranged below the brake piston 294 .

[0044] In some embodiments, in order to improve the stability of the clamping table 3 and prevent the clamping table 3 from tilting after the workpiece is added, the cradle body 2 also includes a plurality of female pins 35 and a plurality of male pins 36. The plurality of female pins 35 and the plurality of male pins 36 are evenly spaced and distributed on the periphery of the first output shaft 21. The plurality of female pins 35 and the plurality of male pins 36 are arranged one-to-one. The male pins 36 are inserted in the female pins 35. The plurality of female pins 35 are fixed on the lower end surface of the clamping table 3, and the male pins 36 are fixed on the upper end surface of the turntable 22.

[0045] In some embodiments, the cradle body 2 further includes a grating encoder 33 for detecting the rotation speed of the first output shaft 21 and the position of the clamping platform 3 . The grating encoder 33 is fixed on the base 26 and faces the rotating body 24 .

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6The driving assembly 4 includes a first housing 41, a third driving motor 46, and a second output shaft 43, a second ring gear 44, a worm 45 and a second brake unit 47 arranged in the first housing 41. The second ring gear 44 is fixed to the outside of the second output shaft 43, and the worm 45 is connected to the third driving motor 46 through a coupling, and the worm 45 is meshed with the second ring gear 44.

[0047] In some embodiments, the second brake unit 47 includes a brake flange seat 471 detachably fixed in the first housing 41, a brake follower plate 474 fixed on the second output shaft 43, a brake stationary plate 473 fixedly connected to the brake flange seat 471 and partially located below the brake follower plate 474, and a first brake pressure plate 472 movably configured in the brake flange seat 471 and located below the brake stationary plate 473. A pressure plate groove is provided in the brake flange seat 471, and the brake pressure plate 472 is configured in the pressure plate groove and has the freedom to float up and down.

[0048] In some embodiments, the second brake unit 47 also includes a second sealing component, which includes a second skeleton oil seal 475 and a seal arranged at least on the outer diameter side of the brake pressure disc 472. The second skeleton oil seal 475 is sleeved on the second output shaft 43 and is located on the left side of the brake driven plate 474.

[0049] In some embodiments, the second brake unit 47 further includes an elastic reset member for resetting the brake stationary plate 473. The first box body 41 is provided with a reset spring mounting hole. The elastic reset member is disposed in the reset spring mounting hole and abuts against the upper surface of the brake stationary plate 473. Preferably, the elastic reset member is a spring.

[0050] Furthermore, the driving assembly 4 also includes a deep groove ball bearing 49, which is arranged between the second skeleton oil seal 491 and the second gear ring 44, and is sleeved on the second output shaft 43. The second output shaft 43 is rotatably connected to the first housing 41 through the deep groove ball bearing 49.

[0051] In some embodiments, the driving assembly 4 further includes a second turntable bearing 48 , which is sleeved on the second output shaft 43 , and the left end of the second output shaft 43 is rotatably connected to the first housing 41 via the second turntable bearing 48 .

[0052] Furthermore, the driving assembly 4 further includes a second box body 42 , which is detachably connected to the first box body 41 , and the third driving motor 46 is disposed in the second box body 42 .

[0053] In some embodiments, the driving assembly 4 also includes an origin sensing switch 40 and an origin sensing column for detecting the rotational speed of the second output shaft 41 and the position of the clamping table 3. The origin sensing column is fixed on the second output shaft 43, and the origin sensing switch 40 is fixed on the first box body 41 through a bracket and faces the origin sensing column.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 The driven assembly 5 includes a third housing 50 detachably fixed on the base 1 and a rotating shaft 51 rotatably disposed in the third housing 50 and connected to the rotating housing.

[0055] In some embodiments, the driven assembly 5 also includes a third turntable bearing 52 fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 51, a third oil seal seat 53 mounted on the rotating shaft 51 and arranged on the right side of the third turntable bearing 52, and a third skeleton oil seal 54 installed in the third oil seal seat 53.

[0056] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to the above embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the above embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A five-axis turntable, comprising a base (1), a clamping table (3) for clamping a workpiece, a cradle body (2) for driving the clamping table (3) to rotate around a center line, and a driving assembly (4) and a driven assembly (5) arranged at the left and right ends of the cradle body (2) and driving the cradle body (2) to swing, wherein the driving assembly (4) and the driven assembly (5) are respectively detachably fixed to the two ends of the base (1), characterized in that: The cradle body (2) comprises a rotating housing and a first output shaft (21), a rotating disk (22), a first gear ring (23), a rotating body (24), a first turntable bearing (25), a base (26), a first drive unit (27), a second drive unit (28) and a first brake unit (29) arranged in the rotating housing. The base (26) is detachably fixed on the bottom plate (202) of the rotating housing. The lower end of the first output shaft (21) is connected to the base (26) via a bearing (31). The upper end of the first output shaft (21) passes through the rotating housing and is connected to the clamping table (3). The rotating disk (22) is fixed on the first output shaft (21). The first gear ring (23) is fixed on the rotating disk (22). ), the first drive unit (27) and the second drive unit (28) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first gear ring (23), the first drive unit (27) includes a first gear (273), the second drive unit (28) includes a second gear (283), the first gear (273) and the second gear (283) are respectively engaged with the first gear ring (23), the rotating body (24) is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the rotating disk (22), the rotating body (24) is connected to the base (26) through the first turntable bearing (25), and the first brake unit (29) is arranged between the rotating body (24) and the first output shaft (21) and arranged above the base (26).

2. The five-axis turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drive unit (27) further comprises a first drive motor (271) and a first reducer (272), wherein the first reducer (272) and the first gear (273) are respectively fixed on an output shaft of the first drive motor (271); The second drive unit (28) further comprises a second drive motor (281) and a second reducer (282); the second reducer (282) and the second gear (283) are respectively fixed on the output shaft of the second drive motor (281).

3. The five-axis turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first brake unit (29) comprises a brake oil cylinder, a first brake ring (291), a second brake ring (292), a cylinder body (293) and a brake piston (294); the first brake ring (291) and the cylinder body (293) are fixedly connected to the rotating body (24); the second brake ring (292) and the brake piston (294) are fixedly connected to the base (26); a portion of the second brake ring (292) is located above the first brake ring (291); and the brake piston (294) is arranged in the cylinder body (293).

4. The five-axis turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cradle body (2) further comprises a plurality of female pins (35) and a plurality of male pins (36), wherein the plurality of female pins (35) and the plurality of male pins (36) are arranged one to one, wherein the male pins (36) are inserted into the female pins (35), the female pins (35) are fixed to the lower end surface of the clamping table (3), and the male pins (36) are fixed to the upper end surface of the rotating disk (22).

5. The five-axis turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cradle body (2) also includes a grating encoder (33) for detecting the rotation speed of the first output shaft (21) and the position of the clamping platform (3); the grating encoder (33) is fixed on the base (26) and faces the rotating body (24).

6. The five-axis turntable according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The driving assembly (4) comprises a first housing (41), a third driving motor (46), and a second output shaft (43), a second ring gear (44), a worm (45) and a second brake unit (47) arranged in the first housing (41), wherein the second ring gear (44) is fixed to the outside of the second output shaft (43), the worm (45) is connected to the third driving motor (46) via a coupling, and the worm (45) is meshed with the second ring gear (44).

7. The five-axis turntable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second brake unit (47) includes a brake flange seat (471) detachably fixed in the first housing (41), a brake driven plate (474) fixed on the second output shaft (43), a brake stationary plate (473) fixedly connected to the brake flange seat (471) and partially located below the brake driven plate (474), and a first brake pressure disc (472) movably arranged in the brake flange seat (471) and located below the brake stationary plate (473); a pressure disc groove is provided in the brake flange seat (471), and the brake pressure disc (472) is arranged in the pressure disc groove and has the freedom to float up and down.

8. The five-axis turntable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second brake unit (47) further comprises an elastic reset member for resetting the brake stationary plate (473); the first box body (41) is provided with a reset spring mounting hole; the elastic reset member is arranged in the reset spring mounting hole and abuts against the upper surface of the brake stationary plate (473); The elastic reset member is a spring.

9. The five-axis turntable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving assembly (4) also includes an origin sensing switch (40) and an origin sensing column for detecting the rotation speed of the second output shaft (43) and the position of the clamping table (3); the origin sensing column is fixed on the second output shaft (43); and the origin sensing switch (40) is fixed on the first box (41) through a bracket and faces the origin sensing column.

10. The five-axis turntable according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The driven assembly (5) comprises a third housing (50) detachably fixed to the base (1) and a rotating shaft (51) rotatably disposed in the third housing (50) and connected to the rotating housing.

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