Thick-wall pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy acoustic beam regulation and control device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a thick-wall pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy acoustic beam regulation and control device and method, and the device comprises a mounting mechanism which is provided with a plurality of mounting plates, the plurality of mounting plates are arranged in a straight line, and every two adjacent mounting plates are hinged; the high-energy ultrasonic exciter is mounted on the at least one mounting plate; and the fixing mechanisms are installed on the two installation plates at the two ends of the installation mechanism and used for fixing the multiple installation plates of the installation mechanism in the circumferential direction of the inner side surface or the outer side surface of the thick-wall pipe. The high-energy ultrasonic exciter is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves during welding, so that the residual stress of the welding position can be reduced and homogenized. And after welding is completed, the residual stress of the welding position is detected, when the residual stress exceeds a preset value, the high-energy ultrasonic exciter is controlled again to send out the ultrasonic waves to reduce and homogenize the residual stress of the welding position, and the process is finished until the residual stress of the welding position is detected to be smaller than or equal to the preset value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of residual stress reduction, in particular to a device and method for ultrasonically detecting and regulating residual stress of thick-walled pipe welding. Background Art

[0002] During the welding process, the residual stress and residual strain generated by the changes in welding speed and temperature have a strong impact on the safe service performance, assembly performance and further processing performance of the pipeline structure. Each welded pipeline retains residual stress, which changes dynamically with the service status. The residual stress concentration becomes the root cause of pipeline weld deformation and cracking, and is an important factor affecting the accuracy retention; tangential residual stress causes pipeline welding bending deformation and cracking, and normal residual stress causes thickness deformation.

[0003] In some large projects such as nuclear power plants, due to the need for pipeline strength, thicker pipes are usually required for laying. Therefore, the ends of thick-walled pipes need to be welded. If the residual stress at the welding position is not handled, the residual stress will cause the welding position to deform and crack, seriously affecting the quality and safety of the project. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device and method for residual stress of thick-walled pipe welding, which can control the residual stress at the welding position of thick-walled pipes, avoid deformation and cracking of the welding position due to residual stress, and improve the firmness and stability of the welding position. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a device and method for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding and high-energy acoustic beam control, which can regulate the residual stress at the welding position of the thick-walled pipe, avoid deformation and cracking of the welding position due to the residual stress, and improve the firmness and stability of the welding position.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device, including: a mounting mechanism, the mounting mechanism having a plurality of mounting plates, the plurality of mounting plates being arranged in a straight line, and two adjacent mounting plates being hinged; a high-energy ultrasonic exciter, the high-energy ultrasonic exciter being mounted on at least one of the mounting plates; a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism being mounted on two of the mounting plates at both ends of the mounting mechanism, and being used to fix the plurality of mounting plates of the mounting mechanism along the circumference of the inner surface or the outer surface of the thick-walled pipe.

[0006] From the above, since the multiple mounting plates are arranged in a straight line and the two adjacent mounting plates are hinged, when the fixing mechanism fixes the multiple mounting plates of the mounting mechanism along the circumferential direction of the inner side surface or the outer side surface of the thick-walled tube, the multiple mounting plates can be respectively abutted against the thick-walled tube, so that the high-energy ultrasonic exciter on the mounting plate can be conveniently used to introduce ultrasonic waves into the thick-walled tube to regulate the residual stress at the welding position.

[0007] As a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fixing mechanism includes: a connecting member, two of which are provided and are respectively hinged to the two mounting plates at both ends of the mounting mechanism; and a fixing member, which connects the two connecting members and drives the two connecting members to move closer or farther away.

[0008] From the above, when the mounting plate of the mounting mechanism is attached to the outer circumference of the thick-walled tube and extends along the circumference of the thick-walled tube, the two connecting parts are driven to approach each other through the fixing part, so that the mounting plate can be driven to move toward the axial direction of the thick-walled tube, thereby fixing the mounting plate on the outer circumference of the thick-walled tube. When the mounting plate of the mounting mechanism is attached to the inner circumference of the thick-walled tube and extends along the circumference of the thick-walled tube, the two connecting parts are driven to move away from each other through the fixing part, thereby driving the mounting plate to move in the axial direction away from the thick-walled tube, thereby fixing the mounting plate on the inner circumference of the thick-walled tube.

[0009] As a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fixing member includes: a screw, one end of which is fixed on one of the connecting members, and the other end is passed through another of the connecting members; and a nut, which is threadedly connected to the screw and is arranged on at least one side of the connecting member corresponding to the other end of the screw.

[0010] From the above, by setting the nut at the position of the connecting piece corresponding to the other end of the screw rod away from the other connecting piece, the two connecting pieces can be driven to move closer by rotating the nut. By setting the nut at the position of the connecting piece corresponding to the other end of the screw rod toward the other connecting piece, the two connecting pieces can be driven to move away by rotating the nut. In this way, the structure of the fixing piece can be simplified, and the control of the approach and separation of the two connecting pieces can be facilitated.

[0011] As a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the fixing mechanism includes: a magnetic attraction member, wherein two magnetic attraction members are provided and are respectively hinged to the two mounting plates at two ends of the mounting mechanism.

[0012] As described above, when the mounting plate of the mounting mechanism is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube and extends along the circumference of the thick-walled tube, the fixing mechanism can be fixed to the thick-walled tube by a magnetic suction part, thereby fixing the mounting plate of the mounting mechanism to the outer circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube, thereby fixing the mounting plate and the high-energy ultrasonic exciter.

[0013] As a possible implementation of the first aspect, it also includes a residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism, wherein the residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism has at least one probe, and different probes can emit ultrasonic waves of different frequencies to detect residual stresses at different depths.

[0014] From the above, by using different probes to emit ultrasonic waves of different frequencies, such as 0.5MHz, 1.0MHz, 5MHz, etc., the residual stress at different depths of the welding position can be detected by ultrasonic waves of different frequencies. Therefore, an ultrasonic gradient detection model can be established, and the relationship between ultrasonic frequency and penetration depth can be used to derive the stress gradient calculation formula, so that the distribution of residual stress at the welding position can be determined more comprehensively, which can improve the detection effect and detection accuracy.

[0015] As a possible implementation of the first aspect, the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe generates a critical refracted longitudinal wave in the thick-walled tube, propagates in the circumferential and axial directions of the thick-walled tube, and tangential residual stress detection is performed in the thick-walled tube; or the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe generates a body wave in the thick-walled tube, propagates in the radial direction of the thick-walled tube, and normal residual stress detection is performed in the thick-walled tube.

[0016] From the above, the residual stress at the welding position can be detected from multiple directions through critical refracted longitudinal waves and body waves, thereby improving the detection effect and detection accuracy.

[0017] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in welding of thick-walled pipes and high-energy sound beam regulation, comprising: fixing the device for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in welding of thick-walled pipes and high-energy sound beam regulation as described in any one of the first aspects of the present application on the outer circumference or inner circumference of the thick-walled pipe, so that a high-energy ultrasonic exciter is arranged along the end of the thick-walled pipe near the end to be welded; welding the end of the thick-walled pipe to be welded, controlling the device for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in welding of thick-walled pipes and high-energy sound beam regulation to emit ultrasonic waves, and adjusting the residual stress at the welding position; after welding is completed, detecting the residual stress at the welding position to obtain a detection result; according to the detection result, controlling the device for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in welding of thick-walled pipes and high-energy sound beam regulation to emit ultrasonic waves, and adjusting the residual stress at the welding position; when the residual stress at the welding position in the detection result exceeds a predetermined value, re-controlling the device for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in welding of thick-walled pipes and high-energy sound beam regulation to emit ultrasonic waves according to the detection result, and adjusting the residual stress at the welding position; and ending when the residual stress at the welding position in the detection result is less than or equal to a predetermined value.

[0018] From the above, since the multiple mounting plates are arranged in a straight line and the two adjacent mounting plates are hinged, when the fixing mechanism fixes the multiple mounting plates of the mounting mechanism along the circumferential direction of the inner side surface or the outer side surface of the thick-walled tube, the multiple mounting plates can be respectively abutted against the thick-walled tube, so that the high-energy ultrasonic exciter on the mounting plate can be conveniently used to introduce ultrasonic waves into the thick-walled tube to regulate the residual stress at the welding position.

[0019] In addition, by controlling the high-energy ultrasonic exciter to emit ultrasonic waves during welding, the residual stress at the welding position can be reduced and equalized. After welding is completed, the residual stress at the welding position is detected. When the residual stress exceeds a predetermined value, the high-energy ultrasonic exciter is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves again to reduce and equalize the residual stress at the welding position until the residual stress at the welding position is detected to be less than or equal to the predetermined value. In this way, the effect of reducing and equalizing the residual stress at the welding position can be improved, and the firmness and stability of the welding can be improved.

[0020] As a possible implementation method of the second aspect, the end of the thick-walled tube to be welded is welded, and the ultrasonic detection and high-energy acoustic beam control device for residual stress of the thick-walled tube welding is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves to adjust the residual stress at the welding position, specifically: all high-energy ultrasonic exciters emit ultrasonic waves at a predetermined power; or, a part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters close to the welding position emit ultrasonic waves at a predetermined power, and another part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters do not emit ultrasonic waves; or, all high-energy ultrasonic exciters emit ultrasonic waves, and the power of the ultrasonic waves emitted by a part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters close to the welding position is greater than the power of the ultrasonic waves emitted by another part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters.

[0021] From the above, by controlling all high-energy ultrasonic exciters to emit ultrasonic waves according to a predetermined power, the residual stress at the welding position can be continuously reduced and equalized, thereby improving the effect of reducing and equalizing the residual stress. By making a part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters near the welding position emit ultrasonic waves according to a predetermined power, and the other part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters do not emit ultrasonic waves, energy consumption can be reduced. By making all high-energy ultrasonic exciters emit ultrasonic waves, the power of the ultrasonic waves emitted by a part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters near the welding position is greater than the power of the ultrasonic waves emitted by the other part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters. In this way, the residual stress at the welding position can be continuously reduced and equalized while reducing energy consumption.

[0022] As a possible implementation method of the second aspect, the residual stress at the welding position is detected, specifically: the probe of the thick-walled tube welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy acoustic beam control device is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves near the welding position to generate critical refracted longitudinal waves in the thick-walled tube, which propagate in the circumferential and axial directions of the thick-walled tube, and tangential residual stress detection is performed in the thick-walled tube; or the ultrasonic waves emitted by the probe generate body waves in the thick-walled tube, which propagate in the radial direction of the thick-walled tube, and normal residual stress detection is performed in the thick-walled tube.

[0023] From the above, the residual stress at the welding position can be detected from multiple directions through critical refracted longitudinal waves and body waves, thereby improving the detection effect and detection accuracy.

[0024] As a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe is at least one of 0.5 MHz, 1.0 MHz, and 5 MHz, which is used to determine the residual stress at different depths.

[0025] From the above, by using different probes to emit ultrasonic waves of different frequencies, such as 0.5 MHz, 1.0 MHz, 5 MHz, etc., the residual stress at the welding position can be detected by ultrasonic waves of different frequencies. Therefore, an ultrasonic gradient detection model can be established, and the relationship between ultrasonic frequency and penetration depth can be used to derive a stress gradient calculation formula, so that the distribution of residual stress at the welding position 21 can be determined more comprehensively, and the detection effect and detection accuracy can be improved.

[0026] These and other aspects of the invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiment(s). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The following further illustrates the various features of the present invention and the relationship between the various features with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are all exemplary, some features are not shown in actual proportion, and some drawings may omit the conventional features in the field involved in the present application and are not necessary for the present application, or additionally show the features that are not necessary for the present application. The combination of the various features shown in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the present application. In addition, throughout this specification, the same figure numerals refer to the same content. The specific description of the drawings is as follows:

[0028] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device after installation in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 2 The second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device after installation in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 3 The third schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device after installation in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism for detection in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device after installation in Example 2;

[0033] Figure 6 Sampling and calibration diagram for zero stress specimens;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of probe placement for stress coefficient calibration;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area of ​​the intersection line welding of the thick-walled T-joint;

[0036] Fig. 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area of ​​the intersecting line welding of the thick-walled T-joint;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area direction of the intersection line welding of the thick-walled pipe overlap K-shaped joint;

[0038] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area of ​​the T-shaped cross weld of a thick-walled pipe;

[0039] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area of ​​the sharp-angle cross weld of the thick-walled pipe;

[0040] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the actuator control position of the residual stress area of ​​the thick-walled T-joint welding intersection line;

[0041] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the actuator control position of the residual stress area of ​​the thick-walled pipe Y-shaped joint intersection welding;

[0042] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the control position of the exciter in the residual stress area of ​​the intersection line welding of the thick-walled pipe overlapping K-shaped joint;

[0043] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the control position of the exciter in the residual stress area of ​​the T-shaped cross weld of the thick-walled pipe;

[0044] Fig.17Schematic diagram of the exciter control position for the residual stress area of ​​thick-walled sharp-angle cross welds

[0045] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the process of regulating residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding in Example 3;

[0046] Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the process of regulating residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding in Example 4.

[0047] Description of Reference Numerals

[0048] 10. Ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device for residual stress in welding of thick-walled pipe; 100. Mounting mechanism; 110. Mounting plate; 111. Round hole; 120. First mounting tube; 130. Second mounting tube; 140. Sliding rod; 150. Spring; 200. High-energy ultrasonic exciter; 300. Fixing mechanism; 310. Connecting piece; 320. Fixing piece; 321. Screw rod; 322. Nut; 330. Magnetic element; 400. Ultrasonic detection mechanism for residual stress; 410. Probe; 411. Sensor; 412. Main body; 20. Thick-walled pipe; 21. Welding position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The words "first, second, third, etc." or module A, module B, module C and other similar terms in the specification and claims are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects. It is understandable that the specific order or sequence can be interchanged where permitted so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0050] In the following description, the numbers representing the steps, such as S110, S120, etc., do not necessarily mean that the steps must be executed in this manner. If permitted, the order of the previous and next steps can be interchanged, or they can be executed simultaneously.

[0051] The term "comprising" as used in the description and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to what is listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. Therefore, it should be interpreted as specifying the presence of the features, integers, steps or components mentioned, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components and groups thereof. Therefore, the expression "a device comprising means A and B" should not be limited to a device consisting of components A and B only.

[0052] References to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but may refer to the same embodiment. In addition, in one or more embodiments, the particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any appropriate manner, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure.

[0053] Below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a possible embodiment of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 in the present application is exemplarily described.

[0054] like Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the present application provides a thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10, including a mounting mechanism 100, a high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 and a fixing mechanism 300. The mounting mechanism 100 has a plurality of mounting plates 110, the plurality of mounting plates 110 are arranged in a straight line, and two adjacent mounting plates 110 are hinged. The high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 is mounted on at least one mounting plate 110. The fixing mechanism 300 is mounted on two mounting plates 110 at both ends of the mounting mechanism 100, and is used to fix the plurality of mounting plates 110 of the mounting mechanism 100 along the circumferential direction of the inner surface or the outer surface of the thick-walled pipe 20. Since the multiple mounting plates 110 are arranged in a straight line and two adjacent mounting plates 110 are hinged, when the fixing mechanism 300 fixes the multiple mounting plates 110 of the mounting mechanism 100 along the circumferential direction of the inner side surface or the outer side surface of the thick-walled tube 20, the multiple mounting plates 110 can be respectively abutted against the thick-walled tube 20, so that the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 on the mounting plate 110 can be conveniently introduced into the thick-walled tube 20 to regulate the residual stress of the welding position 21.

[0055] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the fixing mechanism 300 includes a connector 310 and a fixing member 320. There are two connectors 310, which are respectively hinged to the two mounting plates 110 at both ends of the mounting mechanism 100. The fixing member 320 connects the two connectors 310 and drives the two connectors 310 to move closer or farther away. Thus, when the mounting plate 110 of the mounting mechanism 100 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the thick-walled tube 20 and extends along the circumference of the thick-walled tube 20, the two connectors 310 are driven closer by the fixing member 320, so that the mounting plate 110 can be driven to move toward the axial direction of the thick-walled tube 20, thereby fixing the mounting plate 110 on the outer peripheral surface of the thick-walled tube 20. When the mounting plate 110 of the mounting mechanism 100 is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube 20 and extends along the circumferential direction of the thick-walled tube 20, the two connecting parts 310 are driven away from each other by the fixing member 320, so that the mounting plate 110 can be driven to move in the axial direction away from the thick-walled tube 20, thereby fixing the mounting plate 110 on the inner circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube 20.

[0056] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the fixing member 320 includes a screw 321 and a nut 322. One end of the screw 321 is fixed on one connecting member 310, and the other end is inserted into the other connecting member 310. The nut 322 is threadedly connected to the screw 321 and is arranged at at least one side of the connecting member 310 corresponding to the other end of the screw 321. Thus, by arranging the nut 322 at a position on the side of the connecting member 310 corresponding to the other end of the screw 321 away from the other connecting member 310, the two connecting members 310 can be driven to approach by rotating the nut 322. By arranging the nut 322 at a position on the side of the connecting member 310 corresponding to the other end of the screw 321 toward the other connecting member 310, the two connecting members 310 can be driven to move away by rotating the nut 322. Thus, the structure of the fixing member 320 can be simplified, and the approach and separation of the two connecting members 310 can be controlled conveniently.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the fixing mechanism 300 includes a magnetic member 330, and two magnetic members 330 are provided, which are respectively hinged to the two mounting plates 110 at both ends of the mounting mechanism 100. Therefore, when the mounting plate 110 of the mounting mechanism 100 is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube 20 and extends along the circumferential direction of the thick-walled tube 20, the fixing mechanism 300 can be fixed to the thick-walled tube 20 through the magnetic member 330, so that the mounting plate 110 of the mounting mechanism 100 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube 20, and the mounting plate 110 and the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 are fixed.

[0058] In some embodiments, the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 also includes a residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism 400, and the residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism 400 has at least one probe 410. Different probes 410 can emit ultrasonic waves of different frequencies such as 0.5MHz, 1.0MHz, and 5MHz to detect residual stress at different depths. Therefore, an ultrasonic gradient detection model can be established, and the relationship between ultrasonic frequency and penetration depth can be used to derive a stress gradient calculation formula, so that the distribution of residual stress at the welding position can be determined more comprehensively, and the detection effect and detection accuracy can be improved.

[0059] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe 410 generates a critical refracted longitudinal wave in the thick-walled tube 20, propagates in the circumferential and axial directions of the thick-walled tube 20, and performs tangential residual stress detection in the thick-walled tube; or the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe 410 generates a body wave in the thick-walled tube 20, propagates in the radial direction of the thick-walled tube 20, and performs normal residual stress detection in the thick-walled tube. Thus, the residual stress of the welding position 21 can be detected from multiple directions through the critical refracted longitudinal wave and the body wave, thereby improving the detection effect and detection accuracy.

[0060] The above content is an exemplary description of possible embodiments of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10. Below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific structure of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 of the present application is described in detail in a specific embodiment.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 after installation in Example 1; Figure 2 The second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 after installation in Example 1; Figure 3 The third schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 after installation in Example 1; Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism 400 for detection in Example 1. Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 in the present application includes a mounting mechanism 100, a fixing mechanism 300, a high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200, a residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism 400 and a controller (not shown). Among them, the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 is installed on the mounting mechanism 100, and the fixing mechanism 300 is used to fix the mounting mechanism 100 when the mounting mechanism 100 surrounds the outer circumference of the thick-walled pipe 20 and is close to the welding position 21, so that the ultrasonic wave emitted by the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 can be introduced into the thick-walled pipe 20. The residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism 400 is used to detect the residual stress at the welding position 21. The controller is electrically connected to the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 and the residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism 400, and can control the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 and the residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism 400, and can control the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 to emit ultrasonic waves to reduce and equalize the residual stress at the welding position 21 according to the detection result of the residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism 400.

[0063] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the mounting mechanism 100 includes a plurality of mounting plates 110, which are arranged in a straight line and hinged between two adjacent mounting plates 110. Thus, the mounting mechanism 100 can be attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rear wall tube with different diameters by rotating the mounting plates 110.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the mounting plate 110 is a rectangular plate-shaped component, and a circular hole 111 for the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 or the following horn rod to pass through is provided in the middle position of the mounting plate 110, so that the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 or the horn rod can pass through the mounting plate 110 and stick to the thick-walled tube 20, thereby injecting ultrasonic waves into the thick-walled tube 20.

[0065] like Figure 1As shown, the mounting mechanism 100 further includes a first mounting cylinder 120 and a second mounting cylinder 130, and the first mounting cylinder 120, the second mounting cylinder 130 are coaxially arranged with the circular hole 111 on the mounting plate 110. One end of the first mounting cylinder 120 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 110, and one end of the second mounting cylinder 130 is mounted on the other end of the first mounting cylinder 120, and is slidably connected with the first mounting cylinder 120 along the axial direction of the first mounting cylinder 120 and the second mounting cylinder 130. Specifically, a plurality of sliding rods 140 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the first mounting cylinder 120 and the second mounting cylinder 130 at the connection position between the first mounting cylinder 120 and the second mounting cylinder 130, and the sliding rods 140 are along the axial direction of the first mounting cylinder 120 and the second mounting cylinder 130, and one end of the sliding rods 140 passes through the flange at one end of the second mounting cylinder 130 and is fixedly connected with the first mounting cylinder 120. A spring 150 is sleeved on the slide rod 140 , one end of the spring 150 abuts against the other end of the slide rod 140 , and the other end abuts against the flange of the second mounting tube 130 , pushing the second mounting tube 130 to move toward the first mounting tube 120 .

[0066] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the mounting mechanism 100 also includes a horn, one end of which is fixed in the second mounting tube 130. The horn is mounted on the transmitting end of the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 and is a component that fits well with the surface of the stress-relieved welding component, and plays the role of coupling and amplifying the amplitude of the sound wave, heat insulation or attenuating the heat transfer of welding. Ensure that the exciter is in good contact with the surface of the thick-walled tube 20 during the stress relief process. After the mounting mechanism 100 is attached to the outer circumference or inner circumference of the thick-walled tube 20, one end of the horn can pass through the first mounting tube 120 and the circular hole 111 on the mounting plate 110 under the drive of the spring 150 to fit the outer circumference or inner circumference of the thick-walled tube 20. The other end of the horn can be connected to the transmitting end of the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200, and the ultrasonic wave emitted by the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 can be introduced into the thick-walled tube 20 through the horn.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, when the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 is installed on the inner circumference of the thick-walled pipe 20, if the space is limited, a part of the mounting plate 110 can be vacated, and only the first mounting tube 120, the second mounting tube 130, the horn, the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 and other components are installed on the other part of the mounting plate 110. At the same time, the vacant mounting plates 110 and the mounting plates 110 with the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 are alternately arranged, so that the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 can be conveniently installed on the inner circumference of the thick-walled pipe 20 with a smaller diameter.

[0068] like Figure 3As shown, when the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 is installed on the inner circumference of the thick-walled pipe 20, if the space is limited, the first installation tube 120 and the horn can be removed, the sliding rod 140 can be directly fixed on the mounting plate 110, and the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 can be directly installed on the second installation tube 130. In this way, the transmitting end of the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 can be driven by the spring 150 to pass through the second installation tube 130 and the circular hole 111 on the mounting plate 110, and directly fit with the inner circumference of the thick-walled pipe 20.

[0069] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the fixing mechanism 300 includes a connecting member 310 and a fixing member 320. Among them, two connecting members 310 are provided, which are respectively hinged to the two mounting plates 110 at both ends of the mounting mechanism 100. The fixing member 320 connects the two connecting members 310 to drive the two connecting members 310 to move closer or farther away. Specifically, the fixing member 320 may include a screw rod 321 and a nut 322. Among them, one end of the screw rod 321 is fixed on one connecting member 310, and the other end is passed through the other connecting member 310. The nut 322 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 321, and is arranged on both sides of the connecting member 310 corresponding to the other end of the screw rod 321. Therefore, the two connecting members 310 can be driven closer or farther away by rotating the nut 322. Thus, when the mounting plate 110 of the mounting mechanism 100 is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube 20 and extends in the circumferential direction of the thick-walled tube 20, the two connecting members 310 are driven to approach each other by the fixing member 320, so that the mounting plate 110 can be driven to move toward the axial direction of the thick-walled tube 20, thereby fixing the mounting plate 110 on the outer circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube 20. When the mounting plate 110 of the mounting mechanism 100 is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube 20 and extends in the circumferential direction of the thick-walled tube 20, the two connecting members 310 are driven to move away from each other by the fixing member 320, thereby driving the mounting plate 110 to move in the axial direction away from the thick-walled tube 20, thereby fixing the mounting plate 110 on the inner circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube 20.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, the residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism 400 has at least one probe 410, and different probes 410 can emit ultrasonic waves of different frequencies, for example, ultrasonic waves of different frequencies such as 0.5 MHz, 1.0 MHz, and 5 MHz, so that the residual stresses at different depths of the welding position 21 can be detected by ultrasonic waves of different frequencies. Thus, an ultrasonic gradient detection model can be established, and the relationship between ultrasonic frequency and penetration depth can be used to derive a stress gradient calculation formula, so that the distribution of the residual stress at the welding position 21 can be determined more comprehensively, and the detection effect and detection accuracy can be improved.

[0071] like Figure 4As shown in (a) and (b), the probe 410 may have two sensors 411 (transducers), one sensor 411 is used to transmit ultrasonic waves (i.e., a transmitting transducer), and the other sensor 411 is used to receive ultrasonic waves (i.e., a receiving transducer), so that the probe 410 can detect residual stress through ultrasonic waves. The two sensors 411 are installed on a main body 412, and the main body 412 is a trapezoidal block component. The two sensors 411 are respectively located on two inclined planes of the main body 412, so that the directions of the two sensors 411 form an acute angle. Therefore, a one-transmit-one-receive oblique incidence method is adopted to excite adjacent refracted longitudinal waves (LCR waves) within a certain depth of a fixed distance from the wall of the thick-walled tube 20 to detect the residual stress at the welding position 21 of the thick-walled tube 20.

[0072] When using, you can Figure 4 As shown in (a), the extension direction of the main body 412 is parallel to the plane where the welding position 21 of the thick-walled tube 20 is located, so that the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe 410 is parallel to the plane where the welding position 21 of the thick-walled tube 20 is located, and a critical refracted longitudinal wave is generated in the thick-walled tube 20, and propagates in the circumferential direction of the thick-walled tube 20, so as to perform tangential residual stress detection on the thick-walled tube. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the extension direction of the main body 412 is perpendicular to the plane where the welding position 21 of the thick-walled tube 20 is located, so that the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe 410 is perpendicular to the plane where the welding position 21 of the thick-walled tube 20 is located, and a critical refracted longitudinal wave is generated in the thick-walled tube 20, which propagates in the thick-walled tube 20 along the axial direction of the thick-walled tube 20, and the tangential residual stress of the thick-walled tube is detected.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown in (c), the probe 410 may have a sensor 411, which can receive the ultrasonic wave after transmitting it, so that the probe 410 can detect the residual stress through the ultrasonic wave. The sensor 411 is installed on a cylindrical body 412. When in use, the direction of the sensor 411 can be made to coincide with the radial direction of the thick-walled tube 20, so that the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe 410 can coincide with the radial direction of the thick-walled tube 20, so that the ultrasonic wave generates a body wave in the thick-walled tube 20, propagates along the radial direction of the thick-walled tube 20, and performs normal residual stress detection in the thick-walled tube.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 after installation in Example 2. Figure 5As shown, the difference between the thick-walled tube welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 in Example 2 and Example 1 is that in the thick-walled tube welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 in Example 2, the mounting plate 110 of the mounting mechanism 100 is provided with a fixing mechanism 300 including two magnetic suction parts 330, and the two magnetic suction parts 330 are located on both sides of the mounting plate 110 and are respectively hinged to the mounting plate 110.

[0076] When in use, the mounting mechanism 100 is fixed on the inner circumference or outer circumference of the thick-walled tube 20 by the magnetic suction members 330 on both sides. By arranging a plurality of thick-walled tube welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control devices 10 along the circumference of the thick-walled tube 20, it is possible to arrange a plurality of high-energy ultrasonic transducers along the circumference of the thick-walled tube 20 to reduce and equalize the residual stress at different positions on the thick-walled tube 20.

[0077] The above-mentioned Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 provide two specific structures of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10. Below, in Embodiment 3, a specific installation method for performing ultrasonic nondestructive detection and control of thick-walled pipes using the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic high-energy sound beam nondestructive detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is described.

[0078] Ultrasonic non-destructive testing

[0079] 1. Determine the stress coefficient

[0080] The stress coefficient is the ratio of the internal stress of the material to the speed of sound. When detecting the residual stress inside the material, the distance between the transmitting and receiving transducers is fixed, and the measurement of the speed of sound becomes a direct measurement of the sound time.

[0081] 2. Conduct benchmark zero stress test

[0082] The detection system should be equipped with a reference zero stress specimen, which is used to mark the ultrasonic critical refraction longitudinal wave propagation time under zero stress state before detecting welding residual stress. The standard zero stress specimen refers to a material sample that is consistent with the material and surface roughness of the material being tested, has extremely low residual stress, and meets the shape and size range of the calibration specimen of this standard. After sampling, the weld excess height needs to be removed.

[0083] The high-energy acoustic beam method can be used to prepare the reference zero-stress test block, which can be determined in accordance with GB / T 38811. When the reference zero-stress test block cannot be obtained on site, the stress-free area on the component of the same material can also be used as the reference zero-stress test block. Figure 6 This is the zero stress sample sampling and calibration diagram. The zero stress sample sampling position and calibration area are selected as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0084] 3. Select coupling agent

[0085] A coupling agent with good acoustic permeability and no damage to the test surface is selected, and within the working temperature range, the probe 400 should have stable and reliable ultrasonic coupling with the surface of the test piece.

[0086] During the testing process, a coupling agent is used to ensure that the probe 400 has stable and reliable acoustic coupling with the component surface within the operating temperature range. The coupling agent used in the testing, stress coefficient calibration and zero stress calibration and calibration process should be the same.

[0087] 4. Stress coefficient calibration

[0088] Due to the difference in structure between the weld and the parent material, stress coefficient calibration needs to be performed on different parts during the stress coefficient calibration process, including the weld area and the parent material.

[0089] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of placing the stress coefficient calibration probe 400. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, when inspecting different areas of the weld, the stress coefficients of different areas need to be calibrated. Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram showing the placement of the probe 400 when calibrating the stress coefficient across the weld, with the transmitting and receiving transducers being located on both sides of the weld respectively. Figure 7 (b) is a schematic diagram of the placement of the probe 400 when calibrating the stress coefficient of the heat affected zone, and the transmitting or receiving transducer is located in the weld area. Figure 7 (c) is a schematic diagram of the placement of the probe 400 when calibrating the stress coefficient of the base material away from the heat-affected zone, and the transmitting and receiving transducers are located on the same side of the weld. Figure 7 (d) is a schematic diagram of the placement of the probe 400 when calibrating the stress coefficient of the unwelded base material, and there is no welding area on the base material.

[0090] 5. Test preparation

[0091] The detection part or area is within the welding residual stress area, such as cross welding, T-type welding, Y-type welding, arc starting and ending points, repair welding or welding scar, sharp angle welding and closed welding and other welding residual stress areas.

[0092] The surface roughness of the test area should not be greater than 12.5μm and there should be no paint, rust, splashes, dirt, etc. that may affect the test. The irregular state of the surface should not affect the validity of the test results.

[0093] When testing residual stress, the welding area should be qualified by non-destructive testing. The testing area should not be less than the range covered by the probe 400 size and cover the area with the maximum value of welding residual stress. It is advisable to start the test from the edge of the weld to the base material area.

[0094] The surface temperature of the test part should be between 0℃ and +45℃. The reference zero stress calibration should be completed at the test site. If the surface temperature of the test part exceeds ±15℃ during the reference zero stress calibration, the reference zero stress should be recalibrated.

[0095] The detection probe 400 needs to select the corresponding frequency probe 400 according to the thickness of the detection area of ​​the welded component to be detected. When it is necessary to detect the residual stress of different depths of the material, the corresponding stress gradient detection probe 400 combination is selected according to the needs. The appropriate coupling agent is selected according to different detection surface temperatures.

[0096] 6. Implementation of testing

[0097] Zero stress calibration: zero stress should be calibrated at the beginning of the test. The probe 400 should be stably placed on a reference zero stress test block evenly coated with coupling agent and consistent with the curvature of the component or on a stress-free area of ​​the same material for calibration. The ultrasonic critical refracted longitudinal wave propagation velocity V0 corresponding to the reference zero stress state should be calibrated and entered into the detection system.

[0098] The probe 400 is fitted to the surface to be tested. During the test, the probe 400 should be firmly and tightly combined with the surface of the component to be tested. The coupling contact force should be kept constant and consistent with the calibration process. The clamping force can also be generated by manual, magnetic, vacuum suction cup or spring methods. The placement direction of the probe 400 should be consistent with the direction of the stress to be tested. The residual stress can also be detected in two vertical directions, and then the vector summation is used to obtain the principal stress and its direction. For welds with curvature, the direction perpendicular to the weld should be selected when testing the welding residual stress, and the coupling loss of the probe 400 caused by the curvature of the component should be taken into account.

[0099] During the residual stress detection process, the temperature of the detected component should be obtained in real time, and the residual stress detection error caused by temperature changes should be compensated.

[0100] During the test, it should be ensured that the ultrasonic critical refracted longitudinal wave in the received signal is stable and clearly visible, the residual stress value displayed by the instrument is read out, and the test instrument parameters and residual stress values ​​are recorded.

[0101] 7. Test results and evaluation

[0102] When the welded component under inspection is in an unconstrained free state, the value detected in the welding residual stress zone is the welding residual stress. When its value is less than the welding residual stress threshold, the welding heat affected zone or the welding residual stress zone is safe; the smaller the value, the greater the residual stress safety margin in the welding area.

[0103] When the welding residual stress zone is in an assembly constraint state or a load service state, the stress detected in the welding residual stress zone is the superposition of the welding residual stress and the service stress.

[0104] The ultrasonic critical refraction longitudinal wave method can detect the comprehensive service stress inside the welded structure, including the internal stress generated by all loads, which directly reflects the current service strength of the component and can directly detect, monitor and judge the stress of the component. According to the needs, the residual stress values ​​at different depths inside the component can also be detected.

[0105] 8. Probe 400 Installation Instructions

[0106] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area of ​​the intersection line welding of the thick-walled T-joint; Fig. 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area of ​​the intersecting line welding of the thick-walled T-joint; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area direction of the intersection line welding of the thick-walled pipe overlap K-shaped joint; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area of ​​the T-shaped cross weld of a thick-walled pipe; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the detection direction and location of the residual stress area of ​​the sharp-angle cross weld of the thick-walled pipe. Figure 8-Figure 12 As shown, for a T-joint, the above-mentioned parallel or vertical methods are used to perform layout inspections at multiple positions along the weld on one side or both sides of the weld.

[0107] High Energy Ultrasonic Exciter 200 Installation and Control Method

[0108] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the actuator control position of the residual stress area of ​​the thick-walled T-joint welding intersection line; Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the actuator control position of the residual stress area of ​​the thick-walled pipe Y-shaped joint intersection welding; Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the control position of the exciter in the residual stress area of ​​the intersection line welding of the thick-walled pipe overlapping K-shaped joint; Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the control position of the exciter in the residual stress area of ​​the T-shaped cross weld of the thick-walled pipe; Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the actuator control position in the residual stress area of ​​thick-walled sharp-angle cross welds. Figure 13-Figure 17 As shown, when facing the intersection line of T-joints, the intersection line of Y-joints, the intersection line of overlapping K-joints, the T-shaped cross welds and the sharp-angle cross welds, the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 in Example 1 and / or Example 2 can be fixed on the thick-walled pipe, so that the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 is distributed along the weld on one side or both sides of the weld, and the sound wave or elastic wave with a certain energy is injected into the material within a certain range along a certain direction, so that the residual stress in the local area of ​​the material within the coverage range of the sound beam is reduced and homogenized to a certain extent.

[0109] The present application also provides a method for regulating residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding, which uses the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam regulation device 10 to regulate the residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding. Below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific steps of the method for regulating residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding in the present application are described in detail in a specific embodiment.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] Fig.18 FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method 80 for regulating residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding in Example 3. Fig.18 As shown, the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress control method 80 in Example 3 is used to control the welding residual stress of the thick-walled pipe 20 after welding is completed. The specific steps include:

[0112] Step S801: assembling.

[0113] In step S801, the thick-walled tube welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy acoustic beam control device 10 is assembled on the rear wall tube, so that multiple high-energy ultrasonic exciters 200 are arranged along the circumference of the thick-walled tube 20 in the area of ​​the outer circumference or inner circumference of the thick-walled tube 20 close to the welding position 21.

[0114] Step S802: ultrasonic nondestructive testing of residual stress.

[0115] In step S802, the probe 410 is installed on the outer circumference of the thick-walled pipe 20 near the welding position 21. Figure 4 The three methods shown in (a), (b), and (c) make the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe 410 parallel to, perpendicular to, and radially propagating along the plane where the welding position 21 of the thick-walled tube 20 is located, so that the residual stress of the welding position 21 can be detected from different directions. At the same time, the probe 410 can emit ultrasonic waves of multiple frequencies of 0.5MHz, 1.0MHz, and 5MHz, so that the residual stress of the welding position 21 can be detected by ultrasonic waves of different frequencies. Thus, the first detection result can be obtained by the probe 410, and the probe 410 sends the first detection result to the controller.

[0116] Step S803: regulating residual stress.

[0117] In step S803, the controller controls the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 to emit ultrasonic waves according to the first detection result to reduce and equalize the residual stress of the welding position 21. After the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 works for a predetermined time, the controller controls the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 to stop emitting ultrasonic waves.

[0118] Step S804: ultrasonic nondestructive testing of residual stress.

[0119] In step S804, the probe 410 is used to perform nondestructive testing on the residual stress of the welding position 21. Figure 4 In the three methods shown in (a), (b), and (c), the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe 410 is parallel to, perpendicular to, and radially along the plane where the welding position 21 of the thick-walled tube 20 is located, so that the residual stress of the welding position 21 can be detected from different directions. At the same time, the probe 410 can emit ultrasonic waves of multiple frequencies of 0.5MHz, 1.0MHz, and 5MHz, so that the residual stress of the welding position 21 can be detected by ultrasonic waves of different frequencies. Thus, the second detection result can be obtained by the probe 410, and the second detection result can be sent to the controller by the probe 410.

[0120] Step S805: Determine whether it is qualified.

[0121] In step S805, the second detection result is compared with the predetermined value. When the residual stress at the welding position 21 in the second detection result exceeds the predetermined value, the process returns to step S804, and the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device 10 is re-controlled to emit ultrasonic waves according to the second detection result to adjust the residual stress at the welding position 21. When the residual stress at the welding position 21 in the second detection result is less than or equal to the predetermined value, it indicates that the welding quality is qualified, and the residual stress control is terminated.

[0122] Example 4

[0123] Fig.19 FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method 90 for regulating residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding in Example 4. Fig.19 As shown, the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress control method 90 in Example 4 is used to control the welding residual stress of the thick-walled pipe 20 during welding. The specific steps include:

[0124] Step S901: assembling.

[0125] In step S901, the thick-walled tube welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy acoustic beam control device 10 is assembled on the rear wall tube, so that multiple high-energy ultrasonic exciters 200 are arranged along the circumference of the thick-walled tube 20 in the area near the welding position 21 on the outer circumference or inner circumference of the thick-walled tube 20.

[0126] Step S902: welding.

[0127] In step S902 , welding is performed on the welding position 21 of the thick-walled tube 20 .

[0128] Step S903: regulating residual stress.

[0129] In step S903, during the welding process, the controller controls the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 to emit ultrasonic waves to reduce and equalize the residual stress of the welding position 21. Specifically, all high-energy ultrasonic exciters 200 emit ultrasonic waves at a predetermined power; or, a part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters 200 near the welding position emits ultrasonic waves at a predetermined power, and another part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters 200 do not emit ultrasonic waves; or, all high-energy ultrasonic exciters 200 emit ultrasonic waves, and the power of the ultrasonic waves emitted by a part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters 200 near the welding position is greater than the power of the ultrasonic waves emitted by another part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters 200.

[0130] Step S904: ultrasonic nondestructive testing of residual stress.

[0131] In step S904, the probe 410 is installed on the outer circumference of the thick-walled pipe 20 near the welding position 21. Figure 4 The three methods shown in (a), (b) and (c) make the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe 410 parallel to, perpendicular to and along the radial direction of the thick-walled tube 20 where the welding position 21 is located, so that the residual stress of the welding position 21 can be detected from different directions. At the same time, the probe 410 can emit ultrasonic waves of multiple frequencies of 0.5MHz, 1.0MHz and 5MHz, so that the residual stress of the welding position 21 can be detected by ultrasonic waves of different frequencies. Thus, the third detection result can be obtained by the probe 410, and the probe 410 sends the third detection result to the controller.

[0132] Step S905: Determine whether it is qualified.

[0133] In step S905, the third detection result is compared with the predetermined value. When the residual stress of the welding position 21 in the third detection result exceeds the predetermined value, step S906 is entered. When the residual stress of the welding position 21 in the second detection result is less than or equal to the predetermined value, it means that the welding quality is qualified and the residual stress control is ended.

[0134] Step S906: re-adjust the residual stress.

[0135] In step S906, the controller controls the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 to emit ultrasonic waves according to the third detection result to reduce and equalize the residual stress of the welding position 21. After the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 works for a predetermined time, the controller controls the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 to stop emitting ultrasonic waves and returns to step S904.

[0136] Therefore, by controlling the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 to emit ultrasonic waves during welding, the residual stress at the welding position 21 can be reduced and equalized. After welding is completed, the residual stress at the welding position 21 is detected. When the residual stress exceeds a predetermined value, the high-energy ultrasonic exciter 200 is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves again to reduce and equalize the residual stress at the welding position 21, until it is detected that the residual stress at the welding position 21 is less than or equal to the predetermined value. In this way, the effect of reducing and equalizing the residual stress at the welding position 21 can be improved, and the firmness and stability of welding can be improved.

[0137] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present application is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, all of which belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding and high-energy sound beam control, characterized in that: include: A mounting mechanism, wherein the mounting mechanism has a plurality of mounting plates, the plurality of mounting plates are arranged in a straight line, and two adjacent mounting plates are hinged; A high-energy ultrasonic exciter, the high-energy ultrasonic exciter being mounted on at least one of the mounting plates; A fixing mechanism is installed on two of the mounting plates at both ends of the mounting mechanism, and is used to fix the multiple mounting plates of the mounting mechanism along the circumferential direction of the inner surface or the outer surface of the thick-walled tube.

2. The thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing mechanism comprises: A connecting member, wherein two connecting members are provided and are respectively hinged to the two mounting plates at two ends of the mounting mechanism; A fixing member connects the two connecting members and drives the two connecting members to move closer or farther away.

3. The thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The fixing member comprises: A screw rod, one end of which is fixed to one of the connecting pieces, and the other end of which is passed through the other connecting piece; A nut is threadably connected to the screw rod and is disposed at at least one side of the connecting member corresponding to the other end of the screw rod.

4. The thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing mechanism comprises: The magnetic attraction member is provided with two magnetic attraction members, which are respectively hinged to the two mounting plates at two ends of the mounting mechanism.

5. The device for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding and high-energy sound beam control according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a residual stress ultrasonic detection mechanism, which has at least one probe. The probe is used to be installed on the outer circumferential surface of the thick-walled tube, in the vicinity of the welding position, to detect the residual stress at the welding position; different probes can emit ultrasonic waves of different frequencies to detect residual stresses at different depths.

6. The thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe generates a critical refracted longitudinal wave in the thick-walled tube, propagates in the circumferential and axial directions of the thick-walled tube, and a tangential residual stress detection is performed in the thick-walled tube; or the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe generates a body wave in the thick-walled tube, propagates in the radial direction of the thick-walled tube, and a normal residual stress detection is performed in the thick-walled tube.

7. A method for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding and high-energy acoustic beam control, characterized in that: include: The thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is fixed to the outer circumference or inner circumference of the thick-walled pipe, so that the high-energy ultrasonic exciter is arranged along the end of the thick-walled pipe near the end to be welded; Weld the end of the thick-walled pipe to be welded, control the ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device of the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress to emit ultrasonic waves, and adjust the residual stress at the welding position; After welding is completed, the residual stress at the welding position is tested to obtain the test results; According to the detection results, the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves to adjust the residual stress at the welding position; When the residual stress at the welding position in the detection result exceeds a predetermined value, the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device is re-controlled to emit ultrasonic waves according to the detection result to adjust the residual stress at the welding position; The process ends when the residual stress at the welding position in the detection result is less than or equal to a predetermined value.

8. The method for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding and high-energy acoustic beam control according to claim 7, characterized in that: Weld the end of the thick-walled pipe to be welded, control the thick-walled pipe welding residual stress ultrasonic detection and high-energy sound beam control device to emit ultrasonic waves, and adjust the residual stress at the welding position, specifically: All high-energy ultrasonic exciters emit ultrasonic waves at a predetermined power; or, A portion of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters near the welding position emits ultrasonic waves at a predetermined power, and another portion of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters do not emit ultrasonic waves; or, All high-energy ultrasonic exciters emit ultrasonic waves, and the power of the ultrasonic waves emitted by a part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters close to the welding position is greater than the power of the ultrasonic waves emitted by another part of the high-energy ultrasonic exciters.

9. The method for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding and high-energy acoustic beam control according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The residual stress at the welding position is tested, specifically: The probe of the ultrasonic detection and high-energy acoustic beam control device for residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves near the welding position to detect the residual stress at the welding position. The ultrasonic waves emitted by the probe generate critical refracted longitudinal waves in the thick-walled pipe, propagate in the circumferential and axial directions of the thick-walled pipe, and perform tangential residual stress detection in the thick-walled pipe; or the ultrasonic waves emitted by the probe generate body waves in the thick-walled pipe, propagate in the radial direction of the thick-walled pipe, and perform normal residual stress detection in the thick-walled pipe.

10. The method for ultrasonic detection of residual stress in thick-walled pipe welding and high-energy acoustic beam control according to claim 9, characterized in that: The probe is used to emit ultrasonic waves of different frequencies to detect residual stresses at different depths.

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