Method for measuring strain generated by temperature between steel structures for bridge construction

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for measuring strain generated by temperature between steel structures for bridge construction, which belongs to the technical field of temperature measurement and comprises the following steps of: a, welding two adjacent steel structures to construct a three-dimensional simulation model between the steel structures; b, the temperature of the welding position between the two adjacent steel structures is increased, and the extending length of the welding position between the two adjacent steel structures is measured; c, the temperature of the welding position between the two adjacent steel structures is reduced, and the shortened length of the welding position between the two adjacent steel structures is measured; d, comparing the length of the welding position between the two adjacent steel structures before heating with the length of the welding position between the two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling; the method has the beneficial effects that the length of the welding position between the two adjacent steel structures before temperature rise and the length of the welding position between the two adjacent steel structures after temperature rise and temperature reduction are compared, and the strain condition of the welding position between the two adjacent steel structures is judged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature measurement, and in particular relates to a method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction. Background Art

[0002] Steel structures can be connected by welding. If there is a temperature change at the welded joints between steel structures, the welded joints between steel structures will mainly be reflected in the temperature sensitivity and the changes in mechanical properties at different temperatures, that is, strain will occur between the steel structures.

[0003] Steel has the characteristics of thermal expansion and contraction. When the temperature rises, the atomic vibration of the welding material at the welding joint between the steel structures intensifies, and the distance between atoms increases, resulting in linear expansion of the welding material at the welding joint between the steel structures; when the temperature drops, the atomic vibration of the welding material at the welding joint between the steel structures decreases, and the distance between atoms decreases, resulting in linear contraction of the welding material at the welding joint between the steel structures. Since the thermal expansion and contraction of the welding material at the welding joint between the steel structures cannot be controlled when the temperature changes, strain will be generated between the steel structures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention mainly solves the technical problem of how to measure the strain generated between steel structures through temperature changes. The present invention provides a method for measuring the temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction. The length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling are compared, thereby realizing the judgment of the strain condition of the weld between two adjacent steel structures.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step a: welding the two adjacent steel structures at the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures to construct a three-dimensional simulation model between the steel structures; wherein the axis line calibration method is used to measure whether the axes of the two adjacent steel structures can overlap with each other;

[0008] Step b: raising the temperature of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, and measuring the elongated length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures; wherein the elongated length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures is measured by using a temperature rise-length vector method;

[0009] Step c: cooling the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures to room temperature, and measuring the shortened length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures; wherein the shortened length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is measured by using a temperature drop-length vector method;

[0010] Step d: Compare the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling.

[0011] Optionally, in step a, it is measured whether the axes of the two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, and the two adjacent steel structures are connected in the following manner:

[0012] If two adjacent steel structures are in contact or there is a gap between them, check the axis positions of the two adjacent steel structures to ensure that the axes of the two adjacent steel structures are parallel to each other;

[0013] If the axes of two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, the two adjacent steel structures are welded;

[0014] If the axes of two adjacent steel structures do not coincide with each other, welding will not be performed on the two adjacent steel structures.

[0015] Optionally, the axis straight line calibration method is as follows:

[0016] (1);

[0017] in, The first Points, From the first point to the second point on the axis of a steel structure The points are arranged in sequence, For the selection operation, select the first point on the axis of a steel structure. To Points , For the first point to the Select the first point in the order of the points and on the axis of a steel structure To Points ;

[0018] For the first Points, From the first point to the second point on the axis of another steel structure The points are arranged in sequence, For the first point to the Select the first point in the order of the points and on the axis of a steel structure To Points ;

[0019] To judge the operation; is a standard straight line;

[0020] To connect a steel structure on the axis Connect the points into a straight line and connect the other steel structure axis points to form another straight line, through the judgment operation Determine whether a straight line and another straight line are respectively consistent with the standard straight line coincide, To judge the result.

[0021] Optionally, in step b, the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is increased by a unit temperature calculation method until the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures reaches a fixed temperature, and then the elongated length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is measured;

[0022] The temperature is increased by calculating the unit temperature in each unit time period to achieve the length measurement of the welding point between two adjacent steel structures.

[0023] Optionally, the temperature rise-length vector method is the following formula (2)-formula (4):

[0024] (2);

[0025] (3);

[0026] (4);

[0027] In formula (2), It is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures extending in the direction of one steel structure. It is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures extending toward the other steel structure. is the total elongated length;

[0028] In formula (3), To increase the temperature by a fixed unit per unit time, For each fixed unit temperature rise in each unit time, calculate the elongation length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures in the direction of one steel structure;

[0029] In formula (4), For each fixed unit temperature rise in each unit time, calculate the elongation length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures toward the other steel structure.

[0030] Optionally, in step c, after the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is cooled to room temperature, the shortened length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is measured.

[0031] Optionally, the temperature drop-length vector method is the following formula (5):

[0032] (5);

[0033] in, It is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures that shrinks in one direction when the temperature of the weld between two adjacent steel structures rises to a fixed temperature and then cools to room temperature; It is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures that shrinks in another direction when the temperature of the weld between two adjacent steel structures rises to a fixed temperature and then cools to room temperature;

[0034] is the total contraction length.

[0035] Optionally, in step d, by comparing the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling, the strain condition of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures can be determined.

[0036] Furthermore, the strain condition of the weld between two adjacent steel structures is determined in the following manner:

[0037] If the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating is equal to the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling, then no strain occurs in the weld between the two adjacent steel structures;

[0038] If the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling are not equal, strain will occur in the weld between the two adjacent steel structures.

[0039] Optionally, if no strain occurs at the welding point between two adjacent steel structures, the two adjacent steel structures can be used for construction; if strain occurs at the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, the two adjacent steel structures cannot be used for construction.

[0040] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0041] The present invention first checks whether the axes of the two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, and after the axes of the two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, heats up the temperature of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, measures the elongated length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, then cools down the temperature of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures to room temperature, measures the shortened length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, and finally compares the length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling, thereby realizing the judgment of the strain condition of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional simulation model between steel structures of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of elongation of the weld between two adjacent steel structures of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of shortening the welding point between two adjacent steel structures according to the present invention.

[0047] Icon: 1-first steel structure, 2-welding material, 3-second steel structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Embodiment 1;

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction. The measurement method of this embodiment is simulated and implemented in a measurement system or a detection system, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] Step a: At the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, that is, the welding material 2 between the first steel structure 1 and the second steel structure 3, the two adjacent steel structures are welded to construct a three-dimensional simulation model between the steel structures, that is, Figure 2The model shown in the figure is used to measure whether the axes of two adjacent steel structures can coincide with each other by using the axis straight line calibration method.

[0052] Step b: raising the temperature of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, and measuring the elongated length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures; wherein the elongated length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures is measured by using a temperature rise-length vector method;

[0053] Step c: cooling the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures, and the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is reduced to room temperature (generally in the range of 20° C.-25° C.), and measuring the shortened length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures; wherein the shortened length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is measured by using a temperature drop-length vector method;

[0054] Step d: Compare the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling.

[0055] Embodiment 2;

[0056] Based on Example 1, in step a, it is measured whether the axes of the two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, that is, whether the axes of the two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other. Figure 2 Whether the axis or center line of the first steel structure 1 and the axis or center line of the second steel structure 3 coincide with each other, the two adjacent steel structures, namely the first steel structure 1 and the second steel structure 3, are connected in the following manner:

[0057] The two adjacent steel structures are in contact, or there is a gap between the two adjacent steel structures. Check the axis positions of the two adjacent steel structures to ensure that the axes of the two adjacent steel structures are parallel to each other, that is, ensure that the axis of the first steel structure 1 is parallel to the axis of the second steel structure 3;

[0058] If the axes of the two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, that is, the axis of the first steel structure 1 coincides with the axis of the second steel structure 3, the two adjacent steel structures are welded to form a Figure 2 The connection structure of two adjacent steel structures shown;

[0059] If the axes of the two adjacent steel structures do not overlap with each other, that is, the axis of the first steel structure 1 and the axis of the second steel structure 3 do not overlap with each other, the two adjacent steel structures are not welded.

[0060] Specifically, the axis straight line calibration method is as follows:

[0061] (1);

[0062] in, The first Points are from the first point to the The order of the points Points, The distance from the first point on the axis of a steel structure (i.e. the first steel structure 1) to the The points are arranged in sequence, For the selection operation, select the first point on the axis of a steel structure. To Points (The first point selected To Points Still on the axis of the first steel structure 1), For the first point to the Select the first point in the order of the points and on the axis of a steel structure To Points , To record the distance from the first point to the second point on the axis of a steel structure Points, In Represents the first point To Points Serial number;

[0063] For the first Points, The distance from the first point on the axis of another steel structure (i.e., the second steel structure 3) to the The points are arranged in sequence, For the first point to the Select the first point in the order of the points and on the axis of a steel structure To Points (The first point selected To Points Still on the axis of the second steel structure 3), similarly, To record the distance from the first point to the second point on the axis of another steel structure Points, In Represents the first point To Points Serial number;

[0064] To judge the operation; is a standard straight line;

[0065] To connect a steel structure on the axis Connect the points into a straight line and connect the other steel structure axis points to form another straight line, through the judgment operation Determine a straight line (i.e. a steel structure axis a straight line connecting two points), another straight line (i.e., another straight line on the axis of the steel structure points) are each aligned with the standard straight line coincide, To judge the result, The judgment result is that if one straight line coincides with another straight line, the axis of the first steel structure 1 and the axis of the second steel structure 3 coincide with each other; if one straight line does not coincide with another straight line, the axis of the first steel structure 1 and the axis of the second steel structure 3 do not coincide with each other.

[0066] Embodiment 3;

[0067] Based on Example 1-Example 2, in step b, the temperature of the weld between two adjacent steel structures is increased by a unit temperature calculation method (i.e., a unit temperature of 2°C) until the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures reaches a fixed temperature (e.g., 200°C), and the elongated length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is measured, wherein the temperature is increased by a unit temperature calculation method in each unit time period (e.g., an increase of 2°C every 1 second) to achieve the length measurement of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, the temperature rise-length vector method is as follows: Formula (2)-Formula (4):

[0069] (2);

[0070] (3);

[0071] (4);

[0072] In formula (2), is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures extending in the direction of one steel structure, i.e., the length of the welding material 2 extending in the direction of the first steel structure 1. is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures extending toward the other steel structure, i.e., the length of the welding material 2 extending toward the second steel structure 3. is the total elongated length;

[0073] In formula (3), To increase the temperature by a fixed unit per unit time, For each fixed unit temperature rise in each unit time, calculate the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures extending in one direction of the steel structure, that is, It is to calculate the length of the welding material 2 extending toward the first steel structure 1, and the temperature rises by 2°C every second. The length of the welding material 2 extending toward the first steel structure 1 is calculated;

[0074] In formula (4), For each fixed unit temperature rise in each unit time, calculate the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures extending toward the other steel structure, that is, It is to calculate the length of the welding material 2 extending toward the second steel structure 3, and the temperature rises by 2°C every second. The length of the welding material 2 extending toward the second steel structure 3 is calculated.

[0075] from Figure 3 It can be seen that the welding material 2 is elongated in the direction of the first steel structure 1 and the direction of the second steel structure 3 in the opposite direction.

[0076] In step c, after the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is cooled to room temperature, the shortened length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is measured.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, the temperature drop-length vector method is as follows:

[0078] (5);

[0079] in, It is the length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures that shrinks in one direction (i.e., toward the second steel structure 3) when the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures rises to a fixed temperature and then cools to room temperature; It is the length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures contracted in another direction (i.e., in the direction of the first steel structure 1) when the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures rises to a fixed temperature and then cools to room temperature;

[0080] is the total contraction length.

[0081] from Figure 4 It can be seen that the welding material 2 shrinks in the direction of the first steel structure 1 and the direction of the second steel structure 3 in opposite directions.

[0082] The temperature drop-length vector method of formula (5) is mainly to raise the temperature of the welding point between two adjacent steel structures (the temperature of the welding material 2) to a fixed temperature, cool the welding material 2 to room temperature, and measure the length of the cooled welding material 2.

[0083] In step d, by comparing the length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling, the strain condition of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures can be determined.

[0084] Specifically, the strain condition of the weld between two adjacent steel structures is determined in the following manner:

[0085] If the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating is equal to the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling, then no strain occurs in the weld between the two adjacent steel structures;

[0086] If the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling are not equal, strain will occur in the weld between the two adjacent steel structures.

[0087] If no strain occurs at the welding point between two adjacent steel structures, the two adjacent steel structures can be used for construction. If strain occurs at the welding point between two adjacent steel structures, the two adjacent steel structures cannot be used for construction.

[0088] Embodiment 4;

[0089] Based on all the above embodiments, the present invention first checks whether the axes of the two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, and after the axes of the two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, heats the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, measures the elongated length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, and then cools the temperature of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures to room temperature, and measures the shortened length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures; finally, compares the length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling.

[0090] In the present invention, the welding material 2 is elongated in opposite directions toward the first steel structure 1 and the second steel structure 3 , and the welding material 2 is contracted in opposite directions toward the first steel structure 1 and the second steel structure 3 .

[0091] In addition, the measurement of the temperature-induced strain between the entire steel structure of the present invention is carried out in the detection system, and the shape and material of the first steel structure 1, the shape and material of the second steel structure 3, and the shape and material of the welding material 2 are set in the detection system. Finally, the entire detection is based on the detection system established Figure 2The three-dimensional simulation model of the steel structure shown is used to simulate the detection, and the digital system is not studied in depth.

[0092] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction, characterized in that: The steps include: Step a: welding the two adjacent steel structures at the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures to construct a three-dimensional simulation model between the steel structures; wherein the axis line calibration method is used to measure whether the axes of the two adjacent steel structures can overlap with each other; Step b: raising the temperature of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures, and measuring the elongated length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures; wherein the elongated length of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures is measured by using a temperature rise-length vector method; Step c: cooling the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures to room temperature, and measuring the shortened length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures; wherein the shortened length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is measured by using a temperature drop-length vector method; Step d: Compare the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling.

2. The method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step a, it is measured whether the axes of the two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, and the two adjacent steel structures are connected in the following manner: If two adjacent steel structures are in contact or there is a gap between them, check the axis positions of the two adjacent steel structures to ensure that the axes of the two adjacent steel structures are parallel to each other; If the axes of two adjacent steel structures coincide with each other, the two adjacent steel structures are welded; If the axes of two adjacent steel structures do not coincide with each other, welding will not be performed on the two adjacent steel structures.

3. The method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axis straight line calibration method is as follows: (1)； in, The first Points, From the first point to the second point on the axis of a steel structure The points are arranged in sequence, For the selection operation, select the first point on the axis of a steel structure. To Points , For the first point to the Select the first point in the order of the points and on the axis of a steel structure To Points ; For the first Points, From the first point to the second point on the axis of another steel structure The points are arranged in sequence, For the first point to the Select the first point in the order of the points and on the axis of a steel structure To Points ; To judge the operation; is a standard straight line; To connect a steel structure on the axis Connect the points into a straight line and connect the other steel structure axis points to form another straight line, through the judgment operation Determine whether a straight line and another straight line are respectively consistent with the standard straight line coincide, To judge the result.

4. The method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step b, the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is increased by a unit temperature calculation method until the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures reaches a fixed temperature, and then the elongated length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is measured; The temperature is increased by calculating the unit temperature in each unit time period to achieve the length measurement of the welding point between two adjacent steel structures.

5. The method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature rise-length vector method is as follows: Formula (2)-Formula (4): (2)； (3)； (4)； In formula (2), It is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures extending in the direction of one steel structure. It is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures extending toward the other steel structure. is the total elongated length; In formula (3), To increase the temperature by a fixed unit per unit time, For each fixed unit temperature rise in each unit time, calculate the elongation length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures in the direction of one steel structure; In formula (4), For each fixed unit temperature rise in each unit time, calculate the elongation length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures toward the other steel structure.

6. The method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step c, after the temperature of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is cooled to room temperature, the shortened length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures is measured.

7. A method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature drop-length vector method is as follows: (5)； in, It is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures that shrinks in one direction when the temperature of the weld between two adjacent steel structures rises to a fixed temperature and then cools to room temperature; It is the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures that shrinks in another direction when the temperature of the weld between two adjacent steel structures rises to a fixed temperature and then cools to room temperature; is the total contraction length.

8. The method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures used in bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step d, by comparing the length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling, the strain condition of the weld between the two adjacent steel structures can be determined.

9. A method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The strain condition of the welding point between the two adjacent steel structures is determined in the following manner: If the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating is equal to the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling, then no strain occurs in the weld between the two adjacent steel structures; If the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures before heating and the length of the weld between two adjacent steel structures after heating and cooling are not equal, strain will occur in the weld between the two adjacent steel structures.

10. A method for measuring temperature-induced strain between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the welding place between the two adjacent steel structures does not generate strain, the two adjacent steel structures can be used for construction. If the welding place between the two adjacent steel structures generates strain, the two adjacent steel structures cannot be used for construction.

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