A tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching, which relates to the field of communication technology. The present invention first generates a corresponding off-axis angle data pair based on the three-dimensional pattern of the antenna and the tracking accuracy requirement, and calculates the four-quadrant inverse tangent feature of the off-axis angle data pair. After the antenna points to the angular position where the signal strength is maximum, the tracking is stopped and the angular position guidance mode is switched to. When the signal strength drops below the tracking accuracy requirement, a single elliptical trajectory scan is performed. Finally, based on the data recorded during the scanning process, the four-quadrant inverse tangent feature of the off-axis angle data pair is matched, the angular deviation between the elliptical scanning rotation center angular position and the angular position of the maximum signal strength is calculated, and the antenna is driven to point to the angular position of the maximum signal strength. The present invention effectively alleviates mechanical wear, reduces power consumption, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of the antenna tracking the maximum signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching. Background Art

[0002] The primary goal of signal tracking is to accurately capture and lock onto a specific signal source in a variety of complex environments. This process is crucial in fields such as communications, navigation, and radar. Signal tracking enables continuous monitoring of targets, ensuring stable and reliable information transmission, and thus improving overall system performance and efficiency. When using antennas to track signals, due to factors such as signal source position drift and inertial navigation device attitude drift, single-pulse, conical scanning, and step tracking methods are often required to ensure long-term stable tracking performance. This, however, can lead to mechanical wear on the antenna's rotation mechanism and increased power consumption. When the antenna is used in static or low-dynamic conditions and tracking accuracy is not critical, the traditional approach is to set a tracking threshold, initiate step tracking when the received signal falls below the threshold, and then stop tracking when the maximum value is reached, repeating this cycle. While this method mitigates mechanical wear to some extent, it suffers from low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching, which effectively alleviates mechanical wear, reduces power consumption, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of antenna tracking of the maximum signal.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: According to the antenna's three-dimensional pattern and tracking accuracy TP, obtain M sets of evenly distributed off-axis angle data pairs. , i=0,1,2,3,......,M-1;

[0007] Among them, the off-axis angle data is The corresponding antenna signal strengths are , is the maximum antenna signal strength;

[0008] Step 2: Calculate the M sets of off-axis angle data in step 1 The four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic of ;

[0009] Step 3: Point the antenna to the maximum signal strength After the angular position is determined, it switches to the angular position guidance mode;

[0010] Step 4: When the signal strength drops to When , a single elliptical track scan is performed, and the angular position and signal strength data of each track scanning point are recorded;

[0011] Step 5: In a single elliptical trajectory scan, the angular positions corresponding to the maximum signal intensity and the minimum signal intensity are recorded respectively, and the four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristics at the off-axis angular center positions corresponding to the two angular positions are calculated;

[0012] Step 6: Match the four-quadrant inverse tangent features obtained in step 5 with the M groups of four-quadrant inverse tangent features in step 2. Calculate the antenna angular position deviation value based on the off-axis angle data pair corresponding to the matched four-quadrant inverse tangent features, and drive the antenna to correct the angular position. Then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific method of step 2 is:

[0014] ;

[0015] in, Off-axis angle data pair The four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic of Indicates the inverse tangent of the four quadrants.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific method of step 4 is:

[0017] Step 401: When the signal strength drops to When the antenna is driven by the angular position Move to corner position :

[0018] ;

[0019] Among them, the angular position The signal strength of the antenna is reduced to The true angular position at represents the antenna azimuth, Indicates the antenna elevation angle; The true value of is unknown; is the antenna azimuth scanning amplitude, The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna azimuth half-power beamwidth;

[0020] Step 402: driving the antenna to an angular position in the sequence Move upward to complete a single elliptical trajectory scan:

[0021] ;

[0022] in, is the antenna pitch scanning amplitude, The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna elevation half-power beamwidth; is the angular position of the k+1th track scanning point in a single elliptical track scan, N is the total number of track scanning points in a single elliptical track scan, and N is an even number, and then the angular position is recorded The corresponding signal strength.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific method of step 5 is:

[0024] Step 501: Based on the signal strength of each scanning point in a single elliptical trajectory scan of the antenna, the angular position corresponding to the maximum signal strength is recorded as , the angular position corresponding to the minimum signal strength is recorded as ;

[0025] Step 502, calculate the angular position and angular position The corresponding off-axis angle data pair and :

[0026] ;

[0027] Where n=1,2;

[0028] Step 503: Calculate the off-axis angle and Four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic at the center :

[0029] .

[0030] Furthermore, the specific method of step 6 is:

[0031] Step 601, calculate Calculation results, i=0,1,2,3,......,M-1; select the minimum calculation result corresponding to , and the off-axis angle data pair is recorded as ;

[0032] Step 602: Calculate the antenna azimuth pointing deviation angle Deviation angle from antenna elevation pointing :

[0033] ;

[0034] Step 603: Drive the antenna to point to the angular position , then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

[0035] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0036] 1. This invention stops dynamic tracking and switches to energy-saving angular position guidance mode after the antenna is adjusted to the angular position where signal strength reaches its peak. This shift reduces antenna wear, lowers power consumption, improves energy efficiency, extends equipment life, reduces maintenance costs, optimizes system stability and reliability, and ensures consistent performance.

[0037] 2. When the signal strength drops below the tracking accuracy threshold, the present invention performs an elliptical trajectory scan and uses the antenna pattern feature matching method to determine the angular deviation between the elliptical scanning rotation center angular position and the maximum signal strength angular position, and then adjusts the antenna pointing direction to align with the maximum signal strength angular position, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the antenna tracking the maximum signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The antenna beam pattern of a tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a single elliptical trajectory scan in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of single elliptical trajectory scanning and beam pointing correction in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] A tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: According to the antenna's three-dimensional pattern and tracking accuracy TP, obtain M sets of evenly distributed off-axis angle data pairs. , i=0,1,2,3,......,M-1;

[0044] Among them, the off-axis angle data is The corresponding antenna signal strengths are , is the maximum antenna signal strength;

[0045] Specifically, such as Figure 1 The figure shows the antenna beam pattern in this embodiment. The tracking accuracy TP in this embodiment is 1 dB.

[0046] Step 2: Calculate the M sets of off-axis angle data in step 1 The four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic of ;

[0047] Step 3: Point the antenna to the maximum signal strength After the angular position is determined, it switches to the angular position guidance mode;

[0048] Step 4: When the signal strength drops to When , a single elliptical track scan is performed, and the angular position and signal strength data of each track scanning point are recorded;

[0049] Step 5: In a single elliptical trajectory scan, the angular positions corresponding to the maximum signal intensity and the minimum signal intensity are recorded respectively, and the four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristics at the off-axis angular center positions corresponding to the two angular positions are calculated;

[0050] Step 6: Match the four-quadrant inverse tangent features obtained in step 5 with the M groups of four-quadrant inverse tangent features in step 2. Calculate the antenna angular position deviation value based on the off-axis angle data pair corresponding to the matched four-quadrant inverse tangent features, and drive the antenna to correct the angular position. Then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

[0051] Furthermore, the specific method of step 2 is:

[0052] ;

[0053] in, Off-axis angle data pair The four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic of Indicates the inverse tangent of the four quadrants.

[0054] Furthermore, the specific method of step 4 is:

[0055] Step 401: When the signal strength drops to When the antenna is driven by the angular position Move to corner position :

[0056] ;

[0057] Among them, the angular position The signal strength of the antenna is reduced to The true angular position at represents the antenna azimuth, Indicates the antenna elevation angle; The true value of is unknown; is the antenna azimuth scanning amplitude, The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna azimuth half-power beamwidth;

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown in FIG. 1 , a schematic diagram of a single elliptical trajectory scan in this embodiment is shown. Point A in the figure is the point where the antenna signal strength is reduced to The true angular position at ; Point B in the figure is the angular position ;

[0059] Step 402: driving the antenna to an angular position in the sequence Move upward to complete a single elliptical trajectory scan:

[0060] ;

[0061] in, is the antenna pitch scanning amplitude, The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna elevation half-power beamwidth; is the angular position of the k+1th track scanning point in a single elliptical track scan, N is the total number of track scanning points in a single elliptical track scan, and N is an even number, and then the angular position is recorded The corresponding signal strength.

[0062] Furthermore, the specific method of step 5 is:

[0063] Step 501: Based on the signal strength of each scanning point in a single elliptical trajectory scan of the antenna, the angular position corresponding to the maximum signal strength is recorded as , the angular position corresponding to the minimum signal strength is recorded as ;

[0064] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, point is the angular position ; Point in the figure is the angular position ; Point in the figure That is the maximum signal strength that the antenna points to. The angular position of Figure 3 midpoint The small ellipse is Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a single elliptical trajectory scan in Figure 3 midpoint The large ellipse is where the signal strength drops to The directional diagram, that is Figure 1 The black line on the center directional diagram represents the data; M groups of off-axis angle data Evenly distributed on the large ellipse, M>100;

[0065] Step 502, calculate the angular position and angular position The corresponding off-axis angle data pair and :

[0066] ;

[0067] Where n=1,2;

[0068] Step 503: Calculate the off-axis angle and Four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic at the center :

[0069] .

[0070] Furthermore, the specific method of step 6 is:

[0071] Step 601, calculate Calculation results, i=0,1,2,3,......,M-1; select the minimum calculation result corresponding to , and the off-axis angle data pair is recorded as ;

[0072] Step 602: Calculate the antenna azimuth pointing deviation angle Deviation angle from antenna elevation pointing :

[0073] ;

[0074] Step 603: Drive the antenna to point to the angular position , then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

[0075] In summary, the present invention effectively alleviates mechanical wear, reduces power consumption, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of antenna tracking of the maximum signal.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described are intended to help readers understand the principles of the present invention and should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations are possible in the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step 1: According to the antenna's three-dimensional pattern and tracking accuracy TP, obtain M sets of evenly distributed off-axis angle data pairs. , i=0,1,2,3,......,M-1; Among them, the off-axis angle data is The corresponding antenna signal strengths are , is the maximum antenna signal strength; Step 2: Calculate the M sets of off-axis angle data in step 1 The four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic of ; Step 3: Point the antenna to the maximum signal strength After the angular position is determined, it switches to the angular position guidance mode; Step 4: When the signal strength drops to When , a single elliptical track scan is performed, and the angular position and signal strength data of each track scanning point are recorded; Step 5: In a single elliptical trajectory scan, the angular positions corresponding to the maximum signal intensity and the minimum signal intensity are recorded respectively, and the four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristics at the off-axis angular center positions corresponding to the two angular positions are calculated; Step 6: Match the four-quadrant inverse tangent features obtained in step 5 with the M groups of four-quadrant inverse tangent features in step 2. Calculate the antenna angular position deviation value based on the off-axis angle data pair corresponding to the matched four-quadrant inverse tangent features, and drive the antenna to correct the angular position. Then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

2. The tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of step 2 is: ； in, Off-axis angle data pair The four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic of Indicates the inverse tangent of the four quadrants.

3. The tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific method of step 4 is: Step 401: When the signal strength drops to When the antenna is driven by the angular position Move to corner position : ； Among them, the angular position The signal strength of the antenna is reduced to The true angular position at represents the antenna azimuth, Indicates the antenna elevation angle; The true value of is unknown; is the antenna azimuth scanning amplitude, The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna azimuth half-power beamwidth; Step 402: drive the antenna to an angular position in the sequence Move upward to complete a single elliptical trajectory scan: ； in, is the antenna pitch scanning amplitude, The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna elevation half-power beamwidth; is the angular position of the k+1th track scanning point in a single elliptical track scan, N is the total number of track scanning points in a single elliptical track scan, and N is an even number, and then the angular position is recorded The corresponding signal strength.

4. The tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific method of step 5 is: Step 501: Based on the signal strength of each scanning point in a single elliptical trajectory scan of the antenna, the angular position corresponding to the maximum signal strength is recorded as , the angular position corresponding to the minimum signal strength is recorded as ; Step 502, calculate the angular position and angular position The corresponding off-axis angle data pair and : ； Where n=1,2; Step 503: Calculate the off-axis angle and Four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic at the center : 。 5. The tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific method of step 6 is: Step 601, calculate Calculation results, i=0,1,2,3,......,M-1; select the minimum calculation result corresponding to , and the off-axis angle data pair is recorded as ; Step 602: Calculate the antenna azimuth pointing deviation angle Deviation angle from antenna elevation pointing : ； Step 603: Drive the antenna to point to the angular position , then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

Images