A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of urban traffic management technology and discloses a temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fences. The temporary parking management system consists of a front-end vehicle-mounted electronic device and a back-end server. The front-end vehicle-mounted electronic device integrates a GNSS high-precision positioning module and a long-distance communication module. The GNSS high-precision positioning module acquires the real-time location information of the vehicle and transmits the location data to the back-end server through the long-distance communication module. The back-end server includes a data processor, a database, and a management platform. The temporary parking management method based on the aforementioned temporary parking management system includes the following steps: S1: Using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools on the management platform, configure electronic fences, mark areas where temporary parking is permitted, and define the boundaries of the electronic fences; S2: Store the coordinates of the defined boundaries of the electronic fences in the database. This invention effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of parking management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of urban traffic management technology, and more specifically, it relates to a temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence. Background Technology

[0002] Roadside temporary parking management is an important part of urban traffic management, especially in densely populated large cities with a large number of vehicles. In commercial areas, hospitals, schools, and other areas, the number of roadside parking spaces is limited, while the demand for parking is high, leading to parking shortages, affecting traffic flow and residents' quality of life.

[0003] With the development of technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence, more and more smart parking solutions are being proposed and applied in practice. For example, video recognition technology can automatically identify license plate information and simplify the parking payment process. Many large cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, have begun to implement or plan to implement electronic roadside parking payment systems, which automatically record vehicle entry and exit times and fees through electronic devices, reducing labor costs and improving management efficiency.

[0004] Despite the increasing maturity of smart parking technology, issues such as equipment malfunctions and network instability still exist in practical applications, affecting user experience and service quality. While electronic payment has improved management efficiency, it has also led to increased parking fees. Some drivers, due to the high costs, choose not to use designated parking spaces and instead park haphazardly in undesignated areas, increasing the difficulty of urban traffic management. Although technologies such as high-level surveillance can effectively combat illegal parking, managing and supervising all roadside parking spaces efficiently and fairly remains a challenge for large-scale cities.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned problems of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence. The vehicle positioning device provides high-precision positioning information of the vehicle, and the electronic fence is a technology that uses high-precision positioning technology to delineate virtual boundaries for limiting or monitoring activities in a specific area. This method enables refined management of roadside temporary parking, adopting a system where the vehicle owner actively applies, the system automatically reviews and returns approval or rejection results, and the system automatically cancels the parking after the vehicle leaves. This automates the process of managing roadside temporary parking and effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of parking management.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence, wherein the temporary parking management system consists of a front-end vehicle electronic device and a back-end server. The front-end vehicle electronic device integrates a GNSS high-precision positioning module and a long-distance communication module. The GNSS high-precision positioning module acquires the real-time location information of the vehicle and transmits the location data to the back-end server through the long-distance communication module. The back-end server includes a data processor, a database and a management platform.

[0009] The temporary parking management method, based on the temporary parking management system, includes the following steps:

[0010] S1: Use Geographic Information System (GIS) tools on the management platform to configure electronic fences, mark areas where temporary parking is permitted, and define the boundaries of the electronic fences;

[0011] S2: Store the coordinates of the defined electronic fence boundary in the database;

[0012] S3: After a car owner temporarily parks on the roadside, the vehicle owner sends a temporary parking request to the backend server through the front-end vehicle electronic devices;

[0013] S4: The front-end vehicle electronic equipment uploads the vehicle's high-precision positioning information and the vehicle information bound to the vehicle equipment to the back-end server through a standard communication protocol.

[0014] S5: The data processor in the backend server performs location judgment and event triggering, determines whether the vehicle is in an area marked as allowing temporary parking and is vacant, and returns parking approval or request rejection information. If parking is approved, the parking duration is calculated. If the request is rejected, the vehicle owner must drive the vehicle away. If the parking area is a paid area, the parking fee is calculated.

[0015] S6: During the parking process, the front-end vehicle electronic devices continuously send location information to the back-end server;

[0016] S7: After the vehicle leaves, the backend server triggers a parking end event based on the location determination algorithm, automatically records the parking duration, and automatically calculates the parking fee;

[0017] S8: Stores parking records in the database of the backend server and sends SMS notifications to car owners through the management platform.

[0018] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the front-end vehicle-mounted electronic device integrates a GNSS high-precision positioning module to form a mobile station, and uses RTK technology to acquire GNSS data. The GNSS high-precision positioning module consists of a high-precision positioning module chip and a high-precision positioning antenna. The GNSS data includes longitude information, latitude information and altitude information.

[0019] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mobile station improves positioning accuracy by using ground-based differential methods. Based on the differential data obtained from the ground base station through the wireless communication link, spatial errors and tropospheric and ionospheric errors are corrected to obtain centimeter-level high-precision positioning. The wireless communication link includes one of 4G or 5G communication links.

[0020] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the data transmission between the front-end vehicle electronic device and the back-end server uses the standard communication protocol TCP / IP or HTTP / HTTPS, and uses the TLS / SSL encryption protocol to ensure the security of data transmission. In addition, the corresponding high-precision positioning information reporting frequency is set according to the needs of the application scenario.

[0021] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the boundary of the electronic fence should accurately cover the legal parking area to precisely distinguish between legal and illegal parking. The boundary shape of the electronic fence is set to polygonal, rectangular, or circular geometric shapes according to the application scenario, and the electronic fence is set with a tolerance range.

[0022] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the management platform dynamically adjusts the boundary of the electronic fence through an API interface or management interface.

[0023] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the car owner initiates a temporary parking request to the backend server through the front-end in-vehicle electronic device by means of voice interaction or text input.

[0024] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the backend server determines whether a vehicle enters or leaves the electronic fence through a position determination algorithm. Specifically, for polygonal electronic fences, the "ray method" and "odd-even rule" algorithms are combined to determine whether a point is inside the polygon. For circular electronic fences, the distance from the point to the center of the circle is calculated and the distance is determined to be less than the radius to determine whether the point is inside the circle.

[0025] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the event triggering types processed by the backend server include parking start, parking end, parking application rejection, timeout reminder, and violation processing.

[0026] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the backend server needs to verify the received GNSS data to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data, and regularly back up the data in the database, and adopt a redundant design.

[0027] As described above, the temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. High-precision positioning and electronic fences ensure that vehicles are parked in designated areas, avoiding disorderly parking and improving parking order.

[0029] 2. Enable seamless payment and transparent fee calculation, reduce manual intervention, and improve billing efficiency and user experience.

[0030] 3. By sending parking requests and verifying the location during the parking process through onboard devices bound to vehicle information, the verification steps of video surveillance license plate recognition are reduced, simplifying the parking management process and reducing costs.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of a temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence, as proposed in this invention application.

[0034] Figure 2 This invention relates to a flowchart of a temporary parking management method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0036] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings of this specification are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention. Specific structures can be described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the patent application.

[0037] This invention provides a temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the temporary parking management system consists of front-end vehicle-mounted electronic devices and a back-end server, combined with... Figure 1 As shown, the front-end vehicle-mounted electronic device integrates a GNSS high-precision positioning module and a long-range communication module. The GNSS high-precision positioning module obtains the vehicle's real-time location information through satellite positioning and eliminates errors through ground-based differential positioning to obtain centimeter-level high-precision positioning data. The long-range communication module then transmits the location data to the back-end server. The back-end server includes a data processor, a database, and a management platform. The data processor processes the location data from the vehicle terminal and performs location judgment and event triggering. The database stores data such as the boundary coordinates of the electronic fence, vehicle location information, and parking records. The management platform provides a web or mobile application for managers to configure electronic fences, view real-time data, and manage parking records.

[0038] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the temporary parking management method, based on the temporary parking management system, includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: Use Geographic Information System (GIS) tools on the management platform to configure electronic fences, mark areas where temporary parking is permitted, and define the boundaries of the electronic fences;

[0040] S2: Store the coordinates of the defined electronic fence boundary in the database to facilitate subsequent data processing and judgment.

[0041] S3: After a car owner temporarily parks on the roadside, the vehicle owner sends a temporary parking request to the backend server through the front-end vehicle electronic devices;

[0042] S4: The front-end vehicle electronic equipment uploads the vehicle's high-precision positioning information and vehicle information bound to the vehicle equipment, such as license plate information, to the back-end server through a standard communication protocol.

[0043] S5: The data processor in the backend server performs location judgment and event triggering, determines whether the vehicle is in an area marked as allowing temporary parking and is vacant, and returns parking approval or request rejection information. If parking is approved, the parking duration is calculated. If the request is rejected, the vehicle owner must drive the vehicle away. If the parking area is a paid area, the parking fee is calculated.

[0044] S6: During the parking process, the front-end vehicle electronic devices continuously send location information to the back-end server;

[0045] S7: After the vehicle leaves, the backend server triggers a parking end event based on the location determination algorithm, automatically records the parking duration, and automatically calculates the parking fee;

[0046] S8: Stores parking records in the database of the backend server and sends SMS notifications to car owners through the management platform.

[0047] The aforementioned front-end vehicle-mounted electronic device integrates a GNSS high-precision positioning module to form a mobile station and uses RTK technology to acquire GNSS data. The GNSS high-precision positioning module consists of a high-precision positioning module chip and a high-precision positioning antenna. The GNSS data includes longitude information, latitude information, and altitude information.

[0048] The mobile station utilizes ground-based differential positioning to improve positioning accuracy. It corrects spatial and tropospheric / ionospheric errors based on differential data obtained via a wireless communication link with the ground base station, achieving centimeter-level high-precision positioning. The ground base station is erected at a reference point with known coordinates and continuously receives signals from all visible GNSS satellites. The base station transmits the station coordinates, pseudorange observations, carrier phase observations, satellite tracking status, and receiver operating status to the mobile station via a wireless communication link. The GNSS high-precision positioning module first initializes and, after solving for integer unknowns, enters dynamic operation. While receiving navigation satellite signals, the GNSS high-precision positioning module receives data transmitted from the base station via a wireless receiving device. Then, based on the principle of relative positioning, it calculates the three-dimensional coordinates and their accuracy of the mobile station in real time (i.e., the WGS-84 coordinates of each point obtained by adding the coordinate differences Δx, Δy, and ΔH between the base station and the mobile station to the base coordinates; the planar coordinates x, y, and altitude H of each point of the mobile station are obtained through coordinate transformation parameters).

[0049] The wireless communication link includes either a 4G or a 5G communication link.

[0050] The data transmission between the front-end vehicle electronic device and the back-end server uses the standard communication protocol TCP / IP or HTTP / HTTPS, and uses TLS / SSL encryption protocol to ensure the security of data transmission. In addition, according to the needs of the application scenario, the corresponding high-precision positioning information reporting frequency is set, such as once per minute.

[0051] The boundaries of the electronic fence should precisely cover the legal parking area to accurately distinguish between legal and illegal parking. Using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools on the management platform, polygons or polylines are manually marked on the map or drawn using drawing tools to define the boundaries of the parking area; the boundary coordinate data is stored in the database of the backend server and can be imported and exported in standard formats such as GeoJSON and KML.

[0052] The boundary shape of the electronic fence can be set to polygonal, rectangular, or circular geometry according to the application scenario. One electronic fence boundary can contain one parking space or multiple parking spaces. The electronic fence is also set with a tolerance range to avoid misjudgment.

[0053] It should be noted that the tolerance range varies depending on the accuracy level of the positioning. The accuracy of civilian GPS is around 3 to 5 meters, but in urban environments, factors such as building obstruction can affect the accuracy, potentially reducing it to 10 meters or more. The high-precision positioning scheme based on RTK and ground-based differential positioning provided by this invention can achieve centimeter-level accuracy in unobstructed conditions and sub-meter-level accuracy even with partial building obstruction. The tolerance range requirement is not high; generally, a tolerance range of one to two meters can be set. The tolerance range should generally be considered when setting the electronic fence boundary, that is, the boundary of the legal parking area electronic fence should be appropriately reduced according to the tolerance range to ensure that even with some positioning error, the vehicle will remain within the legal parking area. Additionally, an anomaly handling mechanism can be added; that is, when a user parks near the edge of the electronic fence, the system should send a prompt message requiring the user to move to the legal parking area.

[0054] The management platform dynamically adjusts the boundaries of the electronic fence through API interfaces or management interfaces.

[0055] Car owners can initiate temporary parking requests to the backend server via voice interaction or text input through the front-end in-vehicle electronic devices. A complete parking request can include the vehicle's current location, the vehicle license plate information bound to the in-vehicle device, and the estimated parking duration. Voice interaction adopts a combination of offline and online methods. The offline SDK implements wake word recognition and speech segmentation, and the voice files are uploaded to the cloud platform for speech recognition and speech synthesis.

[0056] The backend server uses a location determination algorithm to determine whether a vehicle enters or leaves the electronic fence. Specifically, for polygonal electronic fences, the "ray method" and "odd-even rule" algorithms are combined to determine whether a point is inside the polygon. For circular electronic fences, the distance from the point to the center of the circle is calculated, and the distance is determined to be less than the radius to determine whether the point is inside the circle.

[0057] The steps of the "ray method" and "odd-even rule" algorithms are as follows:

[0058] S1: Draw a ray from the test point in a fixed direction (usually horizontal to the right, but it can be any other direction as long as it does not coincide with any edge of the polygon).

[0059] S2: Calculate the number of intersections between this ray and the edges of the polygon. Note that only the edges of the polygon are considered, excluding vertices (or vertices can be treated as a special case).

[0060] S3: If the number of intersection points is odd, the test point is inside the polygon. Conversely, if the number of intersection points is even, the test point is outside the polygon.

[0061] The backend server handles the following event triggering types: parking start, parking end, parking application rejection, timeout reminder, and violation processing. The definitions and triggering logic for each type of event are as follows:

[0062] Parking Start: After a user submits a parking application, the management platform determines the vehicle's location based on the high-precision positioning information uploaded by the front-end vehicle electronic device. If the vehicle is found to be within the electronic fence, the parking application is approved, triggering the parking start event.

[0063] Parking ends: After the parking starts, the front-end vehicle electronic device continuously sends location information to the back-end server at a certain frequency (e.g., once per minute). After receiving the location information, the back-end server performs location judgment. When it is determined that the vehicle is outside the electronic fence, the parking ends event is triggered.

[0064] Parking application rejection: After a user submits a parking application, the backend server determines the vehicle's location based on the vehicle's location information uploaded by the frontend vehicle electronic device. If the location is determined to be outside the electronic fence, or if the number of vehicles within the current electronic fence has reached the parking limit, a parking application rejection event is triggered.

[0065] Timeout Reminder: After parking begins, the backend server starts timing the parking of the temporarily parked vehicle. When the parking time exceeds the temporary parking limit or the prepaid time, a timeout reminder event is triggered.

[0066] Violation handling: If a vehicle fails to leave after its parking application has been rejected, or fails to leave after the time limit has expired, a violation handling event will be triggered.

[0067] The backend server needs to verify the received GNSS data to ensure its integrity and accuracy, and regularly back up the data in the database to ensure rapid recovery in the event of system failure. It also adopts a redundant design to ensure that the system can still operate normally in the event of a single point of failure.

[0068] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence, characterized in that, The temporary parking management system consists of a front-end vehicle-mounted electronic device and a back-end server. The front-end vehicle-mounted electronic device integrates a GNSS high-precision positioning module and a long-distance communication module. The GNSS high-precision positioning module acquires the real-time location information of the vehicle and transmits the location data to the back-end server through the long-distance communication module. The back-end server includes a data processor, a database, and a management platform. The temporary parking management method, based on the temporary parking management system, includes the following steps: S1: Use Geographic Information System (GIS) tools on the management platform to configure electronic fences, mark areas where temporary parking is permitted, and define the boundaries of the electronic fences; S2: Store the coordinates of the defined electronic fence boundary in the database; S3: After a car owner temporarily parks on the roadside, the vehicle owner sends a temporary parking request to the backend server through the front-end vehicle electronic devices; S4: The front-end vehicle electronic equipment uploads the vehicle's high-precision positioning information and the vehicle information bound to the vehicle equipment to the back-end server through a standard communication protocol. S5: The data processor in the backend server performs location judgment and event triggering, determines whether the vehicle is in an area marked as allowing temporary parking and is vacant, and returns parking approval or request rejection information. If parking is approved, the parking duration is calculated. If the request is rejected, the vehicle owner must drive the vehicle away. If the parking area is a paid area, the parking fee is calculated. S6: During the parking process, the front-end vehicle electronic devices continuously send location information to the back-end server; S7: After the vehicle leaves, the backend server triggers a parking end event based on the location determination algorithm, automatically records the parking duration, and automatically calculates the parking fee; S8: Stores parking records in the database of the backend server and sends SMS notifications to car owners through the management platform.

2. The temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned front-end vehicle-mounted electronic device integrates a GNSS high-precision positioning module to form a mobile station and uses RTK technology to acquire GNSS data. The GNSS high-precision positioning module consists of a high-precision positioning module chip and a high-precision positioning antenna. The GNSS data includes longitude information, latitude information, and altitude information.

3. A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mobile station improves positioning accuracy by using ground-based differential methods. It corrects spatial errors and tropospheric and ionospheric errors based on differential data obtained from ground base stations via wireless communication links, thereby achieving centimeter-level high-precision positioning. The wireless communication links include either 4G or 5G communication links.

4. The temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data transmission between the front-end vehicle electronic device and the back-end server uses the standard communication protocol TCP / IP or HTTP / HTTPS, and uses TLS / SSL encryption protocol to ensure the security of data transmission. In addition, the corresponding high-precision positioning information reporting frequency is set according to the needs of the application scenario.

5. A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boundary of the electronic fence should precisely cover the legal parking area to accurately distinguish between legal and illegal parking. The shape of the electronic fence boundary can be polygonal, rectangular, or circular, depending on the application scenario, and the electronic fence has a tolerance range.

6. A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The management platform dynamically adjusts the boundaries of the electronic fence through API interfaces or management interfaces.

7. A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, Car owners can initiate temporary parking requests to the backend server via voice interaction or text input through the front-end in-vehicle electronic devices.

8. A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence according to claim 5, characterized in that, The backend server uses a location determination algorithm to determine whether a vehicle enters or leaves the electronic fence. Specifically, for polygonal electronic fences, the "ray method" and "odd-even rule" algorithms are combined to determine whether a point is inside the polygon. For circular electronic fences, the distance from the point to the center of the circle is calculated, and the distance is determined to be less than the radius to determine whether the point is inside the circle.

9. A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The event trigger types processed by the backend server include parking start, parking end, parking application rejection, timeout reminder, and violation handling.

10. A temporary parking management system and method based on vehicle positioning and electronic fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backend server needs to verify the received GNSS data to ensure its integrity and accuracy, and regularly back up the data in the database, with redundancy design.

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