Base station switching method and system and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a base station switching method and system and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the method comprises the steps that a source base station receives flight path information of an unmanned aerial vehicle obtained by a core network from an unmanned aerial vehicle management system and receives position information reported by the unmanned aerial vehicle according to a period during flight; the source base station judges whether the unmanned aerial vehicle enters a target switching area or not according to the flight path information and the position information; and when the source base station determines that the unmanned aerial vehicle enters the target switching area and receives a switching measurement event reported by the unmanned aerial vehicle, forwarding the flight path information to the target base station through the preset interface, so that the target base station continues to realize switching control on the flight area of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the flight path information. According to the invention, unnecessary switching is reduced by improving the switching accuracy, and the communication stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle is enhanced. And switching is carried out only when the target switching area is entered and a specific measurement event is triggered, so that network resource allocation is optimized, and the overall efficiency of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a base station switching method, system and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In the technical context of low-altitude telepathic networks, network signals have sidelobe coverage, chaotic signals, and different overlaps between cells at different flight altitudes. Traditional switching methods based on signal differences between serving cells and neighboring cells, such as switching based on the A3 measurement event defined in the 3GPP protocol, face many problems in this low-altitude scenario. Due to the chaos of signals and irregular cell overlap, it is easy to switch frequently in the traditional way, which in turn affects the service. Although the 3GPP38.331R18 version of the protocol defines A3H1 and A3H2 events for low-altitude drone scenarios and considers flight altitude assistance in switching judgment, the combination of signal and altitude information alone is not enough to accurately determine the timing of switching. In the complex signal environment of low-altitude networks, there is still the problem of frequent switching caused by irregular cell overlap that affects drone communication services. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a base station switching method, system and storage medium, aiming to solve the problem of frequent switching caused by irregular cell overlap affecting drone communication services.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a base station switching method, which is applied to multiple base stations, wherein the multiple base stations include a source base station before switching and a target base station after switching, and the method includes: The source base station receives the flight path information of the drone obtained by the core network from the drone management system and receives the location information reported periodically by the drone during flight; The source base station determines whether the drone enters the target switching area according to the flight path information and the location information; When the source base station determines that the UAV enters the target switching area and receives a switching measurement event reported by the UAV, the source base station initiates an instruction to the UAV to switch to the target cell, and forwards the flight path information to the target base station through a preset interface, so that the target base station continues to implement switching control of the UAV flight area based on the flight path information.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present application, the flight path information is a pre-planned list that records the locations of key points during the flight of the drone. Each key point in the list represents corresponding location information, which includes longitude, latitude and altitude, and is used to guide the flight route and switching operations of the drone.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the source base station determines whether the drone enters the target switching area according to the flight path information and the location information, including: The source base station calculates the coverage range and link budget according to the flight path information and in combination with its own engineering parameters to determine the flight path of the UAV within the coverage range of the source base station, and then determines the target switching area according to the link budget; wherein the engineering parameters include longitude and latitude, antenna elevation angle, beam coverage field of view angle and beam gain, and the link budget is used to judge the signal quality; The source base station determines whether the drone enters the target switching area according to the location information; if the drone enters the target switching area, the source base station waits for the drone to report a measurement event.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the source base station calculates the coverage range and link budget according to the flight path information and in combination with its own engineering parameters to determine the flight path of the drone within the coverage range of the source base station, and then determines the target switching area according to the link budget, including: A conical coverage range is obtained according to the antenna elevation angle and the beam coverage field angle; a link budget is performed according to the beam gain to calculate the height information corresponding to the conical coverage range, and the height information and the conical coverage range are used together to determine the coverage range of the source base station; The coverage range of the source base station is intersected with the flight path information of the UAV to obtain the flight path of the UAV within the coverage range of the source base station; According to the link budget, an area with a signal quality lower than a preset threshold is determined as a potential switching area, and then the target switching area is determined within the potential switching area in combination with a flight path within the coverage of the source base station.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the location information periodically reported by the drone is directly reported by the drone, or the location information of the drone is detected and acquired through the sensing function of the source base station.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the measurement event is a measurement event defined by a 3GPP protocol, or is a measurement event preset based on specific network requirements.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the measurement events preset based on specific network requirements are switching decisions of the UAV under different flight paths and network environments, including scenarios from take-off to landing, from low altitude to high altitude, and heterogeneous frequency networking; each measurement event enables the UAV to implement switching operations between different base stations through signal quality, altitude and distance conditions.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the measurement event preset based on specific network requirements includes any of the following measurement events: The first measurement event: used when the drone takes off or the flight path flies from low to high. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell, the drone altitude is higher than the altitude threshold A, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold B, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold C; The second measurement event: used when the drone is descending, requiring that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell, the drone altitude is lower than the altitude threshold D, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold E, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold F; The third measurement event: used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from low to high. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring area is better than the signal quality threshold G, the height of the drone is higher than the height threshold H, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold I, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold J; The fourth measurement event: used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from high to low. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring area is better than the signal quality threshold K, the height of the drone is lower than the height threshold L, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold M, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold N; The fifth measurement event: used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from low to high. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than the signal quality threshold O, the signal quality of the serving cell is lower than the signal quality threshold P, the height of the drone is higher than the height threshold Q, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold R, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold S; The sixth measurement event: used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from high to low. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than the signal quality threshold T, the signal quality of the serving cell is lower than the signal quality threshold U, the height of the drone is lower than the height threshold V, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold W, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold X.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the source base station forwards the flight path information to the target base station via an Xn interface or an Ng interface; wherein the Xn interface is an interface between two base stations in a 5G network, and the Ng interface is an interface between a base station and a core network in a 5G network.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, forwarding the flight path information to the target base station through a preset interface includes: When the source base station forwards the flight path information through the Xn interface, the source base station chooses to send it with a handover request message or a dedicated message; When the source base station forwards the flight path information through the Ng interface, the source base station sends the flight path information to the core network, and then the core network forwards the flight path information to the target base station to realize the forwarding of the flight path information from the source base station to the target base station.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, when the source base station forwards the flight path information through the Xn interface or the Ng interface, the flight path information is the remaining flight path information after the source base station deletes the location information over which the drone has flown.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a base station switching system, which is applied to multiple base stations, wherein the multiple base stations include a source base station before switching and a target base station after switching, and the system includes: An information receiving module is used to receive the flight path information of the drone obtained by the core network from the drone management system through the source base station and receive the location information reported periodically by the drone during flight; A switching judgment module, used for the source base station to judge whether the drone enters the target switching area according to the flight path information and the location information; The information forwarding module is used to forward the flight path information to the target base station through a preset interface when the source base station determines that the drone enters the target switching area and receives a measurement event reported by the drone, so that the target base station implements the switching operation of the drone based on the flight path information.

[0016] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a processor-readable storage medium, wherein the processor-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to enable the processor to execute the base station switching method as described in the first aspect.

[0017] The base station switching method, system and storage medium provided in the present application are intended to solve the problem of frequent switching caused by irregular cell overlap that affects drone communication services. The method obtains the drone flight path information and its periodically reported position information through the source base station, and determines whether the drone enters the target switching area based on these two types of information. In the case of irregular cell overlap, this method avoids triggering switching based solely on factors such as signal fluctuations. Because the switching operation is only performed when it is determined that the drone has entered the target switching area and a measurement event reported by the drone is received, this prevents unnecessary switching in the cell overlap area due to factors such as unstable signals, thereby solving the problem of frequent switching affecting drone communication services.

[0018] Therefore, this application first reduces unnecessary switching. In areas where cell overlap is not standardized, base stations will not be frequently switched due to slight signal fluctuations or inaccurate measurements, ensuring the stability of drone communications. Secondly, the accuracy of switching is improved. Switching is performed only when both the conditions of entering the target switching area and receiving a measurement event are met at the same time, making the switching operation more accurate, helping to optimize the allocation of network resources and improve the efficiency of the entire drone communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the base station switching method provided by the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a base station switching method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the base station coverage provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of forwarding through the Xn port in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of forwarding through the Ng port in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a structural block diagram of the base station switching system provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. In the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In the existing communication network handover method, based on the 3GPP protocol definition, the base station will configure a measurement event for the communication terminal, such as an A3 measurement event. The definition of the A3 event is as follows: A3 enters the event: Mn+Ofn+Ocn-Hys>Ms+Ofs+Ocs+Off; A3 exit event: Mn+Ofn+Ocn+Hys <Ms+Ofs+Ocs+Off。

[0024] Among them, Mn is the signal measurement result of the neighboring cell, Ofn is the specific frequency offset of the neighboring cell frequency, Ocn is the specific cell offset of the neighboring cell, Hys is the amplitude hysteresis value of the measurement result, Ms represents the signal measurement result of the serving cell, Ofs is the specific offset of the serving cell frequency, Ocs is the specific cell offset of the serving cell, and Off is the offset value of the measurement result. In addition, the A3 trigger event and exit event also include the TimeToTrigger parameter, that is, the time hysteresis value. This parameter requires that the entry and exit events continue to meet the corresponding conditions within this time before the terminal determines that the event is effective.

[0025] When the measurement result of the terminal meets the A3 entry event, that is, the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell, the terminal will report the event to the base station. After receiving the event, the base station instructs the terminal to switch to the target cell.

[0026] The above content is a commonly used switching decision method for ground communication networks. In the low-altitude UAV scenario, the 3GPP38.331R18 version of the protocol defines new measurement events, such as A3H1 and A3H2 events. The difference between the A3H1 event and the A3 event is that in addition to meeting the conditions of the A3 event, the flight altitude of the terminal must exceed a certain specified threshold; similarly, in addition to meeting the conditions of the A3 event, the flight altitude of the A3H2 event must be lower than a certain specified threshold. The reason for defining these new measurement events is that switching in a low-altitude environment cannot only consider signal quality, but also needs to be combined with flight altitude to assist in determining whether switching can be performed. However, due to the complexity and confusion of low-altitude network signals, it is not enough to assist switching judgment based solely on a combination of signal and altitude information, and more dimensions of information are required for judgment.

[0027] Although the patent application number 202410240847.0, "Switching method, device, electronic device, storage medium and computer program product", provides a method that divides different types of drones by combining the flight path or path prediction of drones, and sets switching parameter configurations according to different types of drones, this patent application still uses the traditional A3 measurement event, and only optimizes the switching from the perspective of the event measurement parameter configuration method.

[0028] In terms of base station switching, the base station switching method provided by this application aims to solve the problem that frequent switching caused by irregular cell overlap affects the communication service of drones. This method mainly relies on two key elements: flight path information and real-time location information. First, the flight path information provides the base station with a macro-planning situation of drone flight. This information comes from the core network obtained from the drone management system, allowing the base station to have an overall prediction of the flight direction of the drone. At the same time, the real-time location information reported periodically by the drone during the flight provides the base station with accurate location data. The base station can more accurately determine whether the drone has actually entered the target switching area by combining flight path information and real-time location information. This judgment is not a one-time rough estimate, but a continuous and dynamic process. In areas where cells overlap irregularly, the signal will fluctuate in a complex manner, and the traditional switching judgment method is prone to misjudgment in such areas, resulting in frequent switching. This application avoids this misjudgment through the comprehensive use of the above information.

[0029] In addition, the present application also performs dual judgment in combination with measurement events. After the base station preliminarily determines that the drone has entered the target switching area based on the flight path and location information, it is necessary to receive the switching measurement event reported by the drone to trigger the subsequent switching operation. The switching measurement event is based on the terminal's signal measurement results of the service cell and the neighboring cell and a series of related parameters (such as frequency offset, cell offset, amplitude hysteresis value, offset value, etc.). Only when these two conditions (entering the target switching area and receiving the switching measurement event) are met at the same time, the base station will consider that the necessary conditions for switching are met. This dual judgment mechanism further improves the accuracy of the judgment, thereby effectively reducing the frequent switching caused by irregular cell overlap, and ensuring the stability and efficiency of the drone communication link.

[0030] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 The present application is described in detail.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a flow chart of the base station switching method provided by the present application, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a base station switching method provided in an embodiment of the present application. A base station switching method includes: S110, the source base station receives the flight path information of the drone obtained by the core network from the drone management system and receives the location information periodically reported by the drone during the flight.

[0032] Specifically, the source base station is the base station that the drone is currently communicating with, that is, the base station that provided communication services to the drone before the switch. The core network is the core part of the communication network, which is responsible for managing and controlling the communication of the entire network. The drone management system is a system used to manage drone-related information and operations, which contains drone registration information, flight path information, and other information related to drone operations. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the drone registers, the flight path pre-planning is sent to the drone management system, and the drone management system sends the flight path confirmation information. In this way, the core network can obtain the flight path information from the drone management system and send it to the source base station. During the flight, the drone will periodically (for example, at certain time intervals) actively report its location information to the source base station. The location information is the real-time data reported by the drone through the RRC (Radio Resource Control) message period during the flight, including longitude, latitude and altitude. The location information is dynamic and reflects the actual location of the drone at the current moment. For example, at a certain moment, the drone reports its location information as longitude 116°E, latitude 39°N, and altitude 100 meters.

[0033] It should be noted that the location information reported periodically by the drone can be reported directly by the drone, or the drone location information can be detected and obtained through the perception function of the source base station.

[0034] The flight path information is a pre-planned list of key points during the flight of the drone. Each key point in the list represents the corresponding location information, which includes longitude, latitude and altitude, and is used to guide the flight route and switching operations of the drone. For example, the flight path information shows that the drone will fly from point A to point B, passing through points C and D in the middle. This information helps the source base station understand the flight plan of the drone in advance, so as to make corresponding resource allocation and switching preparations.

[0035] S120, the source base station determines whether the UAV enters the target switching area based on the flight path information and the location information.

[0036] Exemplarily, S120 specifically includes: S121, the source base station calculates the coverage range and link budget according to the flight path information and its own engineering parameters to determine the flight path of the UAV within the coverage range of the source base station, and then determines the target switching area according to the link budget; wherein the engineering parameters include longitude and latitude, antenna elevation angle, beam coverage field of view angle and beam gain, and the link budget is used to judge the signal quality; the source base station judges whether the UAV enters the target switching area according to the location information; if the UAV enters the target switching area, wait for the switching measurement event reported by the UAV.

[0037] Specifically, longitude and latitude determine the location of the base station on the surface of the earth. The antenna elevation angle affects the vertical coverage of the signal. The beam coverage field of view angle determines the horizontal coverage of the signal. Beam gain affects the strength and coverage distance of the signal. Link budget is used to judge the signal quality, including parameters such as signal transmission power, path loss, and receiving sensitivity. The quality of the link budget determines the communication quality between the drone and the base station. The source base station calculates the flight path of the drone within its coverage area based on the above parameters, and further determines the target switching area. The target switching area refers to the area where the drone needs to switch cells during flight. The source base station determines whether the drone has entered the target switching area based on the real-time location information of the drone. Only when the real-time location information of the drone shows that it has entered the target switching area will the source base station further consider whether a switching operation is required.

[0038] Exemplarily, S121 specifically includes: S1211, obtain the conical coverage range according to the antenna elevation angle and the beam coverage field angle; then perform link budget according to the beam gain, calculate the height information corresponding to the conical coverage range, and the height information and the conical coverage range jointly determine the coverage range of the source base station.

[0039] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the antenna elevation angle determines the coverage angle of the base station signal in the vertical direction, and the beam coverage field of view angle (i.e., beam FOV) determines the coverage angle in the horizontal direction. The combination of these two angles can determine that the approximate coverage shape of the base station signal is a cone. Link budget is a calculation method used to evaluate the performance of a communication link, which takes into account multiple factors such as signal transmission power, path loss, and receiving sensitivity. Here, the link budget is performed based on the beam gain, which affects the signal strength and propagation distance. The height information corresponding to the cone coverage range is obtained through link budget calculation. For example, due to the existence of beam gain, at a certain transmission power, the signal can propagate to a certain height, and this height is the calculated height information. The calculated height information and the cone coverage range jointly determine the coverage range of the source base station. This means that the coverage range of the source base station is not just a two-dimensional cone projection on the horizontal plane, but also includes the height range in the vertical direction, thus forming a three-dimensional coverage space.

[0040] S1212: Take the intersection of the coverage of the source base station and the flight path information of the UAV to obtain the flight path of the UAV within the coverage of the source base station.

[0041] Specifically, the coverage of the source base station is a three-dimensional spatial area, and the flight path information of the drone is a series of coordinate points. Taking the intersection of the coverage of the source base station and the flight path information of the drone is to find the part of the flight path that is both within the area covered by the source base station and in line with the flight plan of the drone.

[0042] S1213, according to the link budget, determine the area with signal quality lower than the preset threshold as the potential switching area, and then determine the target switching area in the potential switching area in combination with the flight path within the coverage of the source base station.

[0043] Specifically, the signal quality of different areas is evaluated based on the link budget. The link budget takes into account multiple factors to determine the signal quality. When the signal quality is lower than the preset threshold, the area is determined as a potential switching area. For example, if the preset threshold is a signal strength of -90dBm, in some areas that are far away from the base station or have more interference, the signal strength is lower than this value and will be marked as a potential switching area. After determining the potential switching area, it is combined with the flight path within the coverage of the source base station that has been obtained. In other words, the target switching area is determined in those areas where the signal quality is poor and the drone is going to fly through. The target switching area is a specific area where the drone needs to perform a switching operation when it flies within the coverage of the source base station.

[0044] S130, when the source base station determines that the drone enters the target switching area and receives the switching measurement event reported by the drone, the source base station initiates an instruction to the drone to switch to the target cell, and forwards the flight path information to the target base station through a preset interface, so that the target base station can continue to implement the switching control of the drone's flight area based on the flight path information. In this way, the source base station instructs the drone to switch to the target base station.

[0045] The handover measurement event is a measurement event defined by the 3GPP protocol, or is a measurement event preset based on specific network requirements.

[0046] For example, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the handover measurement event is an event reported by the drone after measuring the signal quality of the serving cell and the neighboring cell during flight. The handover measurement event can include parameters such as signal strength and signal quality. For example, the A3 event in 3GPP is one of the commonly used measurement events, which reflects whether the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell. If the handover measurement event shows that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell and the conditions of the A3 event are met, the source base station will instruct the drone to switch to the target cell to ensure the stability and efficiency of the communication link.

[0047] Exemplarily, the measurement events preset based on specific network requirements are the switching decisions of the UAV under different flight paths and network environments, including scenarios from take-off to landing, from low altitude to high altitude, and heterogeneous frequency networking; each measurement event enables the UAV to implement switching operations between different base stations through signal quality, altitude and distance conditions.

[0048] Specifically, the measurement events preset based on specific network requirements include any of the following measurement events: The first measurement event (A3H1D1): used when the drone takes off or the flight path flies from low to high, requiring the signal quality of the neighboring cell to be better than that of the serving cell, the drone altitude to be higher than the altitude threshold A, and the distance to the source base station to be higher than the distance threshold B, and the distance to the target base station to be lower than the distance threshold C. For example: Scenario setting: Assume that in an urban area, there is a drone takeoff site with multiple base stations distributed around it. The source base station is base station A and the target base station is base station B.

[0049] Parameter settings: Altitude threshold A = 50 meters, Distance threshold B = 300 meters, Distance threshold C = 200 meters.

[0050] For example: A drone takes off from a takeoff site and as it rises, when it reaches a height of 60 meters (higher than the height threshold A), the distance from the source base station A is 350 meters (higher than the distance threshold B), and the distance from the target base station B is 150 meters (lower than the distance threshold C). At the same time, it is found through measurement that the signal quality of base station B (such as signal strength of -70dBm) is better than the signal quality of base station A (such as signal strength of -80dBm), and the conditions of the first measurement event (A3H1D1) are met at this time.

[0051] The second measurement event (A3H2D1): used when the drone is descending, requiring that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell, the drone altitude is lower than the altitude threshold D, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold E, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold F. For example: Scenario setting: After completing the mission, the drone begins to descend and prepares to land back near the take-off site. The source base station is base station C and the target base station is base station D.

[0052] Parameter settings: Altitude threshold D = 100 meters, Distance threshold E = 400 meters, Distance threshold F = 150 meters.

[0053] For example: During the descent process, when the drone's altitude drops to 80 meters (below the altitude threshold D), the distance from the source base station C is 450 meters (above the distance threshold E), and the distance from the target base station D is 100 meters (below the distance threshold F). And the measured signal quality of base station D (such as signal strength of -75dBm) is better than the signal quality of base station C (such as signal strength of -85dBm), thus satisfying the conditions of the second measurement event (A3H2D1).

[0054] The third measurement event (A4H1D1): used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from low to high. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring area is better than the signal quality threshold G, the height of the drone is higher than the height threshold H, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold I, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold J. For example: Scenario setting: In an area with heterogeneous frequency networking, such as a large industrial park, a drone takes off from a lower area in the park and flies to a higher altitude. The source base station is base station E and the target base station is base station F.

[0055] Parameter settings: Height threshold H = 80 meters, Distance threshold I = 350 meters, Distance threshold J = 250 meters, Signal quality threshold G = -75dBm.

[0056] For example: When the drone takes off and ascends, when the altitude reaches 90 meters (higher than the altitude threshold H), the distance from the source base station E is 400 meters (higher than the distance threshold I), and the distance from the target base station F is 200 meters (lower than the distance threshold J). At the same time, the signal quality of base station F is -70dBm (better than the signal quality threshold G), which meets the conditions of the third measurement event (A4H1D1).

[0057] The fourth measurement event (A4H2D1): used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from high to low. It requires that the signal quality of the neighboring area is better than the signal quality threshold K, the height of the drone is lower than the height threshold L, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold M, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold N. For example: Scenario setting: In a mountainous area with heterogeneous frequency networking, the drone starts to descend from the top of the mountain to the valley. The source base station is base station G and the target base station is base station H.

[0058] Parameter settings: height threshold L = 120 meters, distance threshold M = 500 meters, distance threshold N = 300 meters, signal quality threshold K = -80dBm.

[0059] For example: the drone descends to a height of 100 meters (below the height threshold L), the distance from the source base station G is 550 meters (above the distance threshold M), and the distance from the target base station H is 250 meters (below the distance threshold N). After measurement, the signal quality of base station H is -75dBm (better than the signal quality threshold K), which meets the conditions of the fourth measurement event (A4H2D1).

[0060] The fifth measurement event (A5H1D1): used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from low to high. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than the signal quality threshold O, the signal quality of the serving cell is lower than the signal quality threshold P, the height of the drone is higher than the height threshold Q, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold R, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold S. For example: Scenario setting: In an urban high-rise area with heterogeneous frequency networking, a drone takes off from a lower street between buildings and flies to the top of a high-rise building. The source base station is base station I and the target base station is base station J.

[0061] Parameter settings: Altitude threshold Q = 60 meters. Distance threshold R = 300 meters. Distance threshold S = 200 meters. Signal quality threshold O = -70dBm. Signal quality threshold P = -80dBm.

[0062] For example: The drone flies to a height of 70 meters (higher than the height threshold Q), the distance from the source base station I is 350 meters (higher than the distance threshold R), and the distance from the target base station J is 150 meters (lower than the distance threshold S). At this time, the signal quality of base station J is -65dBm (better than the signal quality threshold O), and the signal quality of base station I is -85dBm (lower than the signal quality threshold P), which meets the conditions of the fifth measurement event (A5H1D1).

[0063] The sixth measurement event (A5H2D1): used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from high to low. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than the signal quality threshold T, the signal quality of the serving cell is lower than the signal quality threshold U, the height of the drone is lower than the height threshold V, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold W, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold X. For example: Scenario setting: On the roof of a large building with heterogeneous frequency networking, the drone starts to descend from the roof to the ground. The source base station is base station K and the target base station is base station L.

[0064] Parameter settings: Altitude threshold V = 100 meters. Distance threshold W = 400 meters. Distance threshold X = 200 meters. Signal quality threshold T = -75dBm. Signal quality threshold U = -85dBm.

[0065] For example: The drone descends to a height of 80 meters (below the height threshold V), the distance from the source base station K is 450 meters (above the distance threshold W), and the distance from the target base station L is 150 meters (below the distance threshold X). After testing, the signal quality of base station L is -70dBm (better than the signal quality threshold T), and the signal quality of base station K is -90dBm (below the signal quality threshold U), which meets the conditions of the sixth measurement event (A5H2D1).

[0066] The above six measurement events are mainly used for the switching decision of drones in different flight paths and network environments, covering a variety of scenarios from takeoff to landing, from low altitude to high altitude, and heterogeneous frequency networking. Each event ensures the smooth switching of drones between different base stations through specific signal quality, altitude and distance conditions, thereby optimizing flight paths and network coverage.

[0067] For example, Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the source base station forwards the flight path information to the target base station via the Xn interface or the Ng interface; wherein the Xn interface is the interface between two base stations in the 5G network, and the Ng interface is the interface between the base station and the core network in the 5G network.

[0068] Specifically, when the source base station forwards the flight path information through the Xn interface, the source base station chooses to send it with a handover request message or a dedicated message; when the source base station forwards the flight path information through the Ng interface, the source base station sends the flight path information to the core network, and then the core network forwards the flight path information to the target base station to achieve the forwarding of the flight path information from the source base station to the target base station. Then the source base station sends a handover command to the drone, so that the drone can access the target base station to achieve relay handover control between base stations.

[0069] Exemplarily, when the source base station forwards the flight path information through the Xn interface or the Ng interface, the flight path information is the remaining flight path information after the source base station deletes the location information over which the drone has flown.

[0070] For example, the initial flight path information of the drone is a complete path sequence, ABCD; when the drone flies to position C, the source base station needs to forward the flight path information to the target base station. At this time, the source base station will delete the location information that the drone has already flown (i.e., ABC). The remaining flight path information forwarded by the source base station to the target base station is: CD. This means that the target base station only needs to pay attention to the flight path portion of the drone from the current position (position C) to the destination (position D).

[0071] The base station switching system provided in the present application is described below. The base station switching system described below and the base station switching method described above can be referenced to each other.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 A base station switching system 600 is provided in the present application. The base station switching system 600 is applied to multiple base stations, wherein the multiple base stations include a source base station before switching and a target base station after switching. The system includes an information receiving module 610, a switching determination module 620 and an information forwarding module 630.

[0073] Exemplarily, the information receiving module 610 is used to receive the flight path information of the drone obtained by the core network from the drone management system through the source base station and receive the location information reported periodically by the drone during the flight.

[0074] Exemplarily, the switching judgment module 620 is used by the source base station to judge whether the drone enters the target switching area according to the flight path information and the location information.

[0075] Exemplarily, the information forwarding module 630 is used to, when the source base station determines that the drone enters the target switching area and receives a switching measurement event reported by the drone, initiate an instruction to the drone to switch toward the target cell, and forward the flight path information to the target base station through a preset interface, so that the target base station continues to implement switching control of the drone based on the flight path information.

[0076] On the other hand, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute the base station switching method provided by the above methods.

[0077] On the other hand, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented when the computer program is executed by a processor to execute the base station switching method provided above.

[0078] The embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, a computer program product, and a processor-readable storage medium, on which the computer program stored enables the processor to implement all the method steps implemented in the above-mentioned method embodiments and to achieve the same technical effects. The parts and beneficial effects of this embodiment that are the same as those in the method embodiments will not be described in detail herein.

[0079] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0080] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0081] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A base station switching method, characterized in that: Applied to multiple base stations, the multiple base stations include a source base station before switching and a target base station after switching, the method includes: The source base station receives the flight path information of the drone obtained by the core network from the drone management system and receives the location information reported periodically by the drone during flight; The source base station determines whether the drone enters the target switching area according to the flight path information and the location information; When the source base station determines that the UAV enters the target switching area and receives a switching measurement event reported by the UAV, the source base station initiates an instruction to the UAV to switch to the target cell, and forwards the flight path information to the target base station through a preset interface, so that the target base station continues to implement switching control of the UAV's flight area based on the flight path information.

2. The base station switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flight path information is a pre-planned list that records the locations of key points during the flight of the drone. Each key point in the list represents corresponding location information, which includes longitude, latitude and altitude, and is used to guide the flight route and switching operations of the drone.

3. The base station switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The source base station determines whether the drone enters the target switching area according to the flight path information and the location information, including: The source base station calculates the coverage range and link budget according to the flight path information and in combination with its own engineering parameters to determine the flight path of the UAV within the coverage range of the source base station, and then determines the target switching area according to the link budget; wherein the engineering parameters include longitude and latitude, antenna elevation angle, beam coverage field of view angle and beam gain, and the link budget is used to judge the signal quality; The source base station determines whether the drone enters the target switching area according to the location information; if the drone enters the target switching area, the source base station waits for the drone to report a switching measurement event.

4. The base station switching method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The source base station calculates the coverage and link budget according to the flight path information and in combination with its own engineering parameters to determine the flight path of the drone within the coverage of the source base station, and then determines the target switching area according to the link budget, including: A conical coverage range is obtained according to the antenna elevation angle and the beam coverage field angle; a link budget is performed according to the beam gain to calculate the height information corresponding to the conical coverage range, and the height information and the conical coverage range are used together to determine the coverage range of the source base station; The coverage range of the source base station is intersected with the flight path information of the UAV to obtain the flight path of the UAV within the coverage range of the source base station; According to the link budget, an area with a signal quality lower than a preset threshold is determined as a potential switching area, and then the target switching area is determined within the potential switching area in combination with a flight path within the coverage of the source base station.

5. The base station switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position information reported periodically by the drone is directly reported by the drone, or the drone position information is detected and acquired through the sensing function of the source base station.

6. The base station switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handover measurement event is a measurement event defined by the 3GPP protocol, or is a measurement event preset based on specific network requirements.

7. The base station switching method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The measurement events preset based on specific network requirements are the switching decisions of the drone under different flight paths and network environments, including scenarios from take-off to landing, from low altitude to high altitude, and heterogeneous frequency networking; each switching measurement event enables the drone to implement switching operations between different base stations through signal quality, altitude and distance conditions.

8. The base station switching method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The measurement event preset based on specific network requirements includes any of the following measurement events: The first measurement event: used when the drone takes off or the flight path flies from low to high. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell, the drone altitude is higher than the altitude threshold A, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold B, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold C; The second measurement event: used when the drone is descending, requiring that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell, the drone altitude is lower than the altitude threshold D, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold E, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold F; The third measurement event: used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from low to high. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring area is better than the signal quality threshold G, the height of the drone is higher than the height threshold H, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold I, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold J; The fourth measurement event: used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from high to low. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring area is better than the signal quality threshold K, the height of the drone is lower than the height threshold L, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold M, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold N; The fifth measurement event: used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from low to high. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than the signal quality threshold O, the signal quality of the serving cell is lower than the signal quality threshold P, the height of the drone is higher than the height threshold Q, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold R, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold S; The sixth measurement event: used for heterogeneous frequency networking and the flight path is from high to low. It is required that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than the signal quality threshold T, the signal quality of the serving cell is lower than the signal quality threshold U, the height of the drone is lower than the height threshold V, and the distance from the source base station is higher than the distance threshold W, and the distance from the target base station is lower than the distance threshold X.

9. The base station switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The source base station forwards the flight path information to the target base station via an Xn interface or an Ng interface; wherein the Xn interface is an interface between two base stations in a 5G network, and the Ng interface is an interface between a base station and a core network in a 5G network.

10. The base station switching method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The forwarding of the flight path information to the target base station through the preset interface includes: When the source base station forwards the flight path information through the Xn interface, the source base station chooses to send it with a handover request message or a dedicated message; When the source base station forwards the flight path information through the Ng interface, the source base station sends the flight path information to the core network, and then the core network forwards the flight path information to the target base station to realize the forwarding of the flight path information from the source base station to the target base station.

11. The base station switching method according to claim 10, characterized in that: When the source base station forwards the flight path information through the Xn interface or the Ng interface, the flight path information is the remaining flight path information after the source base station deletes the location information that the drone has flown over.

12. A base station switching system, characterized in that: Applied to multiple base stations, the multiple base stations include a source base station before switching and a target base station after switching, the system includes: An information receiving module is used to receive the flight path information of the drone obtained by the core network from the drone management system through the source base station and receive the location information reported periodically by the drone during flight; A switching judgment module, used for the source base station to judge whether the drone enters the target switching area according to the flight path information and the location information; The information forwarding module is used for instructing the drone to switch to the target cell when the source base station determines that the drone enters the target switching area and receives the switching measurement event reported by the drone, and forwarding the flight path information to the target base station through a preset interface, so that the target base station continues to realize the switching control of the drone flight area based on the flight path information.

13. A processor-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The processor-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to enable the processor to execute the base station switching method according to any one of claims 1-11.

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