Intermediate node selection method, apparatus, and read-write device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, in particular to a method and device for selecting an intermediate node and a read-write device. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a node selection result of a terminal device; the node selection result comprises a preliminary selection intermediate node selected by the terminal device from a set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy; in the case that the node selection result of the terminal device meets a node reselection condition, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device; the candidate intermediate node can communicate with the terminal device; selecting a reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device; and controlling the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the preliminary selection intermediate node, and to establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselection intermediate node.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, and in particular to a method and device for selecting intermediate nodes and a read-write device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the progress and continuous innovation of wireless communication technology, the data transmission rate is significantly improved, and the in-depth application of Internet of Things not only promotes the efficient circulation of information, but also significantly improves the intelligent level of social life.

[0003] In a complex multi-intermediate node Internet of Things scenario, selecting and coordinating multiple intermediate nodes for data transmission becomes the key to improving network efficiency and reliability. This approach aims to effectively solve the problem of multiple forwarding in the data transmission process, which not only increases the transmission delay, but also may cause valuable frequency resources to be excessively occupied or wasted.

[0004] In a passive Internet of Things scenario, since the Internet of Things terminal device is often limited by its weak computing power, it is difficult to meet the global optimization needs of the entire network system by designing an intermediate node selection strategy based only on the terminal device's own perspective. Therefore, improvement is urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method and device for selecting intermediate nodes and a read-write device that can optimize the accuracy of intermediate node selection to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for selecting intermediate nodes, applied to a read-write device, comprising:

[0007] obtaining a node selection result of a terminal device; the node selection result includes a preliminary selected intermediate node selected by the terminal device from a set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy;

[0008] In the case where the node selection result of the terminal device meets a node reselection condition, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device; wherein the candidate intermediate node can communicate with the terminal device;

[0009] selecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device;

[0010] controlling the terminal device to disconnect the communication connection between the terminal device and the preliminary selected intermediate node, and establishing a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device comprises:

[0012] sending broadcast indication information to each intermediate node in the set of intermediate nodes; wherein the broadcast indication information is used to instruct the intermediate node to broadcast the node message to the corresponding communication area;

[0013] obtaining broadcast response information reported by the intermediate nodes in response to the broadcast indication information; wherein the broadcast response information of each intermediate node comprises a terminal device identifier responding to the node message of the intermediate node;

[0014] determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the terminal device identifier of the terminal device and the broadcast response information.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0016] for each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, obtaining the subcarrier bandwidth, the transmission power, the antenna gain and the channel gain used by the candidate intermediate node when broadcasting the node message, and the communication distance between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node from the broadcast response information of the candidate intermediate node;

[0017] determining a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node according to the subcarrier bandwidth, the transmission power, the antenna gain and the channel gain used by the candidate intermediate node when broadcasting the node message, and the communication distance between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, selecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes of the terminal device according to the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device comprises:

[0019] determining a first utility value of each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device according to the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and any candidate intermediate node of the terminal device and the communication cost;

[0020] selecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes of the terminal device according to the first utility value of each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, with the constraint that the communication resource occupied by the terminal device meets the communication resource condition.

[0021] In one of the embodiments, determining a first utility value of each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device according to the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and any candidate intermediate node of the terminal device and the communication cost comprises:

[0022] for each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, determining a first quality score according to the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node of the terminal device;

[0023] determine a first cost score according to a communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node;

[0024] determine a first utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node according to a difference between the first quality score and the first cost score.

[0025] In one of the embodiments, the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device is determined according to a communication resource condition that the communication resource occupied by the terminal device satisfies, and the reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device is selected from each candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, including:

[0026] The first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device is determined according to a communication resource condition that the communication resource occupied by the terminal device satisfies, and the candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device is selected from each candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device;

[0027] The candidate intermediate node is controlled to send the broadcast node message to the terminal device again, and the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is determined according to the broadcast response information reported by the candidate intermediate node again;

[0028] In a case where a difference between the first utility value and the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is less than a preset error value, the candidate intermediate node is selected as the reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device.

[0029] In one of the embodiments, the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device is determined according to a communication resource condition that the communication resource occupied by the terminal device satisfies, and the candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device is selected from each candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device, including:

[0030] In a case where the number of terminal devices is one, the candidate intermediate node with the maximum first utility value is selected as the candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device and the communication resource condition that the communication resource occupied by the terminal device satisfies;

[0031] In a case where the number of terminal devices is at least two, the candidate intermediate node corresponding to each terminal device is determined according to the maximum first utility value of each terminal device and the communication resource condition that the communication resource occupied by each terminal device satisfies.

[0032] In one of the embodiments, the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is determined according to the broadcast response information reported by the candidate intermediate node again, including:

[0033] The first utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node is determined according to a communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node;

[0034] The second cost score is determined according to the communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node;

[0035] The second quality score is determined according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node;

[0036] The second utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node is determined according to a difference between the second quality score and the second cost score.

[0037] In one of the embodiments, the control of the terminal device to disconnect the communication connection between the terminal device and the primary intermediate node and to establish the communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node comprises:

[0038] The downlink control message containing the node identification information of the reselected intermediate node is sent to the terminal device to instruct the terminal device to disconnect the communication connection between the terminal device and the primary intermediate node and to establish the communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0039] In one of the embodiments, the sending of the downlink control message containing the node identification information of the reselected intermediate node to the terminal device comprises:

[0040] The downlink control message is sent to the forwarding intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device to instruct the forwarding intermediate node to forward the downlink control message to the terminal device.

[0041] In one of the embodiments, the obtaining of the node selection result of the terminal device comprises:

[0042] The connection information reported by each intermediate node in the intermediate node set is obtained; the connection information reported by each intermediate node comprises the terminal device identification connected by the intermediate node;

[0043] The node selection result of the terminal device is determined according to the connection information containing the terminal device identification of the terminal device.

[0044] In a second aspect, the application further provides an intermediate node selection device configured in a read-write device, comprising:

[0045] The obtaining module is configured to obtain the node selection result of the terminal device; the node selection result comprises the primary intermediate node selected by the terminal device in the intermediate node set based on a local selection strategy;

[0046] The response module is configured to determine at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device in the case that the node selection result of the terminal device meets the node reselection condition; wherein the candidate intermediate node can communicate with the terminal device.

[0047] reselecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each of the candidate intermediate nodes;

[0048] a switching module configured to control the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the initially selected intermediate node, and to establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0049] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a reading and writing device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

[0050] obtaining a node selection result of a terminal device; the node selection result comprises an initially selected intermediate node selected by the terminal device from a set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy;

[0051] determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device in a case where the node selection result of the terminal device satisfies a node reselection condition; the candidate intermediate node is capable of communicating with the terminal device;

[0052] reselecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each of the candidate intermediate nodes;

[0053] controlling the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the initially selected intermediate node, and to establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0054] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps:

[0055] obtaining a node selection result of a terminal device; the node selection result comprises an initially selected intermediate node selected by the terminal device from a set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy;

[0056] determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device in a case where the node selection result of the terminal device satisfies a node reselection condition; the candidate intermediate node is capable of communicating with the terminal device;

[0057] reselecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each of the candidate intermediate nodes;

[0058] controlling the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the initially selected intermediate node, and to establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0059] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0060] obtaining a node selection result of the terminal device; the node selection result comprises a preliminary selected intermediate node selected by the terminal device from the set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy;

[0061] in a case where the node selection result of the terminal device satisfies a node reselection condition, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device; the candidate intermediate node is capable of communicating with the terminal device;

[0062] selecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node;

[0063] controlling the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection with the preliminary selected intermediate node and establish a communication connection with the reselected intermediate node.

[0064] The above intermediate node selection method, device and read-write equipment, in view of the feature that the passive Internet of Things terminal device has weak computing capability, the scheme not only depends on the selection strategy of the terminal device itself, but also performs higher-level coordination and optimization through the read-write equipment. This hierarchical design enables the network system to better adapt to the passive Internet of Things scene and achieve global optimization, rather than being limited to local optimization of the terminal device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application or the related art will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0066] Figure 1 An application environment diagram of the intermediate node selection method in an embodiment;

[0067] Figure 2 A flowchart of the intermediate node selection method in an embodiment;

[0068] Figure 3 A flowchart of the step of determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device in an embodiment;

[0069] Figure 4 A flowchart of the step of determining the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node in an embodiment;

[0070] Figure 5 A flowchart of the step of selecting a reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from each candidate intermediate node in an embodiment;

[0071] Figure 6 A flowchart of the step of selecting a reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from each candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device in an embodiment;

[0072] Figure 7 A flowchart of the step of determining the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device in an embodiment;

[0073] Figure 8 A flowchart of the intermediate node selection method in another embodiment;

[0074] Figure 9 A block diagram of the structure of the intermediate node selection device in an embodiment;

[0075] Figure 10 An internal structure diagram of the read-write device in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be made to the present application in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0077] The intermediate node selection method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied in an application environment as shown in Figure 1 The application environment includes a read-write device 102, at least one intermediate node 104 and at least one terminal device 106; the read-write device 102 is an Internet of Things-oriented reader terminal device; the read-write device 102 can be a base station or an intermediate node, specifically, a base station or an intermediate node configured with a reader, and correspondingly, the intermediate node 104 and the terminal device 106 are also configured with a reader, and the terminal device 106 is an Internet of Things terminal. Figure 1 The intermediate nodes 102 in the application environment form an intermediate node set, and each intermediate node has the ability to forward data. In the Internet of Things environment, the intermediate nodes can be terminal devices or base stations with forwarding functions, which can receive signals from terminal devices and forward them to target nodes or networks.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 A method for selecting an intermediate node is provided, which is applied to the read-write device 102 in the application environment as shown in Figure 1 for example, and includes the following steps:

[0079] S201, obtaining a node selection result of a terminal device.

[0080] The node selection result includes a preliminary intermediate node selected by the terminal device from the set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy.

[0081] Optionally, when the terminal device selects the preliminary intermediate node from the set of intermediate nodes based on the local selection strategy, the following two methods can be used:

[0082] Method 1): Selecting an intermediate node based on received signal strength: The terminal device determines which node is most suitable for acting as a relay for current data transmission according to the signal strength (Received Signal Strength Indicator, RSSI) received from each intermediate node. When the signal strength of a certain intermediate node is significantly better than that of other nodes, the terminal device can choose to switch to that node.

[0083] Method 2): Triggered by relay selection indication from an intermediate node: An intermediate node (such as a Reader) sends a relay selection indication to the terminal device, which can include information about the target intermediate node to which it is recommended to switch. After receiving this indication, the terminal device will switch intermediate nodes according to the indication. The relay selection indication can be a selection indicator in a trigger signal (Trigger signal) or a paging signal (Paging signal).

[0084] S202, in the case where the node selection result of the terminal device meets the node reselection condition, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device.

[0085] It can be understood that the node reselection condition can include various factors, such as a decrease in signal strength of the preliminary intermediate node, a deterioration of link quality, an excessively high load, insufficient power of the terminal device, etc. When the node selection result of the terminal device (i.e., the preliminary intermediate node) meets one or more of these reselection conditions, the intermediate node reselection process needs to be triggered.

[0086] The candidate intermediate node refers to an intermediate node that can communicate with the terminal device and has the potential to become a new intermediate node.

[0087] When determining the at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device, either of the following two methods can be used:

[0088] Method (1): Check the historical connection records between each candidate intermediate node and the terminal device. If a certain candidate intermediate node has had successful and stable communication connection with the terminal device before, it is more likely to become a new intermediate node.

[0089] Method (2) is another method to trigger a communication attempt with the candidate intermediate node once. By actually sending and receiving data, it can be verified whether the candidate intermediate node can establish a communication connection with the terminal device and how good the quality of the connection is.

[0090] S203, according to the communication quality parameters between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, selecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from each candidate intermediate node.

[0091] Among them, the communication quality parameter is a series of indicators to measure the communication effect between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node. These parameters may include signal strength, signal-to-noise ratio, link stability, delay, packet loss rate, etc.

[0092] After verifying which candidate intermediate nodes can communicate with the terminal device, one or more terminal devices most suitable for the new intermediate node need to be selected from the candidates. Selecting a reselected intermediate node based on the communication quality parameter can ensure that the communication between the terminal device and the network is more stable and efficient.

[0093] Optionally, on the basis of the above-mentioned method (2), by measuring or estimating the communication quality parameters between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node, the candidate intermediate nodes can be ranked or scored. According to the ranking or scoring result, the candidate intermediate node with the best communication quality is selected as the reselected intermediate node.

[0094] S204, controlling the terminal device to disconnect the communication connection between the terminal device and the initially selected intermediate node, and establishing a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0095] Optionally, the terminal device initiates a request to disconnect the connection with the initially selected intermediate node. This request may contain some indication information, such as the reason for disconnecting the connection, the time for disconnecting the connection, etc. The initially selected intermediate node will perform corresponding operations to terminate the communication connection with the terminal device after receiving the request to disconnect the connection. At the same time, the terminal device will also update its internal state to mark that the connection with the initially selected intermediate node has been disconnected.

[0096] Before or after disconnecting the connection with the initially selected intermediate node, the terminal device initiates a request to establish a communication connection with the reselected intermediate node. This request may contain some necessary information, such as the identity of the terminal device, the expected communication parameters, etc. The reselected intermediate node will perform corresponding operations to establish a communication connection with the terminal device after receiving the request to establish a connection. At the same time, the terminal device will also update its internal state to mark that the connection with the reselected intermediate node has been established.

[0097] It can be understood that the terminal device selects the preliminary intermediate node according to the local strategy, and the local selection has high flexibility because the terminal device can make a selection quickly according to the current network environment and its own needs. The terminal local selection may not comprehensively consider the overall performance and resource allocation of the network, and therefore may not be a globally optimal selection. In a complex network environment, the terminal device may not be able to accurately evaluate the performance of all candidate intermediate nodes, resulting in improper selection.

[0098] The process of the read-write device reselecting the intermediate node is completed by the read-write device on the network side. When the read-write device selects the intermediate node, it will comprehensively consider information in multiple dimensions, including but not limited to the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node, the resource allocation in the current network, the load status of the intermediate node, etc. The read-write device can use advanced algorithms (such as Best Request and Stackelberg game algorithm) to solve the intermediate node scheduling optimization problem, so as to select the optimal intermediate node. The read-write device reselection can more comprehensively consider the overall performance and resource allocation of the network, and therefore is more likely to make a globally optimal selection.

[0099] In the above intermediate node selection method, the present application is aimed at the characteristics of the passive Internet of Things terminal device with weak computing power. The scheme not only relies on the selection strategy of the terminal device itself, but also performs higher-level coordination and optimization through the read-write device. This hierarchical design enables the network system to better adapt to the passive Internet of Things scene and achieve global optimization, rather than being limited to local optimization of the terminal device.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device includes:

[0101] S301, sending broadcast indication information to each intermediate node in the intermediate node set.

[0102] The broadcast indication information is used to instruct the intermediate node to broadcast the node message to the corresponding communication area.

[0103] It can be understood that the broadcast indication information is used to inform the intermediate nodes to broadcast the node message to their respective communication areas. Through the broadcast indication information, the intermediate nodes in the sleep or idle state can be activated and awakened, so that they are ready to receive and forward data. The broadcast indication information can also ensure that all intermediate nodes start broadcasting the node message at the same time or at a similar time, thereby realizing the synchronization operation in the network.

[0104] After receiving the broadcast indication information, the intermediate node analyzes the instructions therein and prepares the node message for broadcasting. The intermediate node broadcasts the node message within its own communication area, waiting for the access and selection of the terminal device. If the terminal device responds, it indicates that the intermediate node can serve as a candidate intermediate node.

[0105] S302, obtaining the broadcast response information reported by the intermediate node responding to the broadcast indication information.

[0106] The broadcast response information of each intermediate node includes the terminal device identifier responding to the node message of the intermediate node.

[0107] It can be understood that after receiving the broadcast indication information, the intermediate node broadcasts the node message containing its own information, such as the identity of the intermediate node, available resources, transmission capacity, etc., within its communication area. After receiving the node message of the intermediate node, the terminal device (such as a sensor, a smart terminal device, etc.) sends a response message to the intermediate node. The intermediate node collects and organizes the response messages from the terminal device, which usually contain the terminal device identifier of the terminal device, indicating that they hope to establish a connection or data transmission with the intermediate node. The intermediate node reports the collected broadcast response information to the network control center.

[0108] Through the terminal device identifier, it can be tracked and recorded which terminal devices are located within the communication area of which intermediate node, thereby optimizing the network layout and resource configuration. In combination with the needs of the terminal device and the resource situation of the intermediate node, a more intelligent intermediate node selection decision can be made to ensure efficient and reliable data transmission.

[0109] S303, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the terminal device identifier of the terminal device and each broadcast response information.

[0110] Optionally, the read-write device organizes the received broadcast response information and classifies it according to the terminal device identifier. For each terminal device, the read-write device or the network control center analyzes it with each responding intermediate node, and takes the intermediate node responding to the terminal device as the candidate intermediate node of the terminal device.

[0111] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node is determined, including:

[0112] S401, for each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, obtaining the subcarrier bandwidth, transmit power, antenna gain and channel gain of the candidate intermediate node when broadcasting the node message, and the communication distance between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node from the broadcast response information of the candidate intermediate node.

[0113] The subcarrier bandwidth B refers to the frequency range occupied by each subcarrier in a multi-carrier communication system. In the multi-intermediate node Internet of Things scenario, the intermediate nodes transmit signals to the terminal device through different subcarriers, and the size of the subcarrier bandwidth directly affects the transmission rate and bandwidth utilization of the signal.

[0114] The transmit power P refers to the power consumed by the intermediate node when transmitting a signal. The size of the transmit power determines the strength and coverage range of the signal during transmission. In Internet of Things communication, appropriate transmit power can ensure that the signal is accurately and reliably transmitted to the terminal device.

[0115] The antenna gain G is an index that measures the ability of an antenna to transmit and receive signals in a particular direction. It represents the amplification of the signal in a certain direction by the antenna. In intermediate node communication, the size of the antenna gain affects the transmission distance and reception quality of the signal. Higher antenna gain can enhance the transmission effect of the signal and improve the reliability of communication.

[0116] The channel gain h refers to the gain or attenuation experienced by a signal during transmission from the transmitting end to the receiving end. It reflects the energy change of the signal during transmission in a particular channel. The size of the channel gain depends on the physical characteristics of the channel (such as transmission medium, obstacles, etc.), as well as the frequency and transmission distance of the signal. In intermediate node communication, channel gain is one of the important factors affecting the quality of signal transmission and system performance.

[0117] S402, according to the subcarrier bandwidth, transmit power, antenna gain and channel gain used by the candidate intermediate node when transmitting the broadcast message, and the communication distance between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node, determine the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

[0118] Optionally, the communication quality parameter can be the channel capacity. The channel capacity refers to the maximum information transmission rate that a channel can withstand under given channel conditions. It measures the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted without error in a unit of time, usually expressed in bits per second (bps). Channel capacity not only depends on the physical characteristics of the channel (such as bandwidth, attenuation, etc.), but also is affected by signal-to-noise ratio, modulation method, coding efficiency and other factors.

[0119] In this embodiment, the wireless channel resource of the i-th intermediate node u i is set to B i , where:

[0120] The k-th subcarrier bandwidth of the i-th intermediate node u i is set to ΔB i,k ,

[0121] At a certain moment, the intermediate node ui The signal is transmitted to the j-th terminal device x via subcarrier channel k. j ∈D sends a broadcast node message with a transmission power of P. i,k The antenna gain is G. i The channel gain is |h i,j,k | 2 .

[0122] On subcarrier k, intermediate node u i With terminal device x j The channel capacity between them can be expressed as follows (1):

[0123] (1)

[0124] Where, d i,j For intermediate node u i With terminal device x j The distance between them, α is the path decay factor, σ 2 It is Gaussian white noise.

[0125] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, based on the communication quality parameters between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node, the reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device is selected from each candidate intermediate node, including:

[0126] S501, based on the communication quality parameters and communication cost between the terminal device and any candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, determine the first utility value between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device.

[0127] S502, for each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, determine the first quality score based on the communication quality parameters between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate nodes of the terminal device.

[0128] Optionally, the communication quality parameter R i，j Using the set conversion strategy, the conversion yields the first quality score.

[0129] S503 determines the first cost score based on the communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

[0130] Optionally, communication costs Using the set conversion strategy, the conversion yields the first cost score.

[0131] S504, determine the first utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node based on the difference between the first quality score and the first cost score.

[0132] Optional, terminal device x j With any candidate intermediate node u of the terminal devicei The first utility value is expressed by the following formula (2):

[0133] First utility value = (2)

[0134] Where ρ is the intermediate node u i With terminal device x j The link cost between them, where v is the optimization weight.

[0135] It is understandable that in the above formula (2), the first utility value = R i，j The corresponding first quality score minus The corresponding first cost score.

[0136] S505, with the communication resources occupied by the terminal device satisfying the communication resource conditions as a constraint, selects the reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from each candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device based on the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device.

[0137] Understandably, when there is only one terminal device, the selection process becomes relatively simple. Provided that communication resource conditions are met, the terminal device compares its first utility value with that of each candidate intermediate node and selects the candidate intermediate node with the highest utility value as the reselection intermediate node.

[0138] In one possible implementation, when there is only one terminal device, the candidate intermediate node with the largest first utility value among the candidate intermediate nodes of the terminal device is selected as the candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device, with the constraint that the communication resources occupied by the terminal device meet the communication resource conditions.

[0139] In another possible implementation, when there are at least two terminal devices, the candidate intermediate nodes corresponding to each terminal device are determined with the goal of maximizing the total utility value and the constraint that the communication resources occupied by each terminal device meet the communication resource conditions.

[0140] Among them, the candidate intermediate nodes for each terminal device are the intermediate nodes that maximize the first utility value of each terminal device.

[0141] Optionally, based on the above formula (2), the total utility value = ;

[0142] The objective of maximizing the total utility value can be expressed as optimization problem P1:

[0143] Wherein, the communication resource occupied by each terminal device satisfies a communication resource condition as a constraint, which can be expressed by the following formula (3):

[0144] (3)

[0145] It can be understood that the constraint corresponding to the communication resource condition is the above formula (3).

[0146] On the basis of determining the above optimization problem P1 and the constraint, the corresponding candidate intermediate node of each terminal device is solved, and the Best Request algorithm and the Stackelberg game algorithm are adopted.

[0147] It can be understood that the Best Request algorithm is a heuristic search algorithm, which selects the optimal intermediate node to transmit data according to the current network state and the performance of the intermediate node. In the multi-relay Internet of Things scene, the implementation process of the Best Request algorithm is as follows:

[0148] The Best Request algorithm is a heuristic search algorithm, which selects the optimal intermediate node to transmit data according to the current network state and the performance of the intermediate node. In the multi-relay Internet of Things scene, the implementation process of the Best Request algorithm is as follows:

[0149] (11) Initialize network information: Collect the intermediate node information in the current network, including the position, signal strength, available bandwidth, etc. of the intermediate node. Initialize the connection state of the Internet of Things terminal device and the intermediate node, and the link cost and other parameters.

[0150] (12) Sort the intermediate nodes: Sort all intermediate nodes according to their signal strength or other related performance indicators. Select the optimal intermediate node: For each Internet of Things terminal device, select the optimal intermediate node for connection according to its utility function (considering link quality, resource consumption, etc.) and the sorted intermediate node list. This step usually adopts a greedy strategy, that is, selecting the intermediate node that provides the maximum link quality under the current constraint condition.

[0151] (13) Update network information: Update the connection state of the Internet of Things terminal device and the intermediate node according to the selection result. Calculate and update the link cost and utility function value.

[0152] (14) Iterative optimization: Repeat the above steps until all Internet of Things terminal devices are assigned to an intermediate node, or a predetermined number of iterations is reached. In each iteration, the optimal intermediate node is reselected according to the updated network information to gradually approach the optimal solution.

[0153] Stackelberg game algorithm is an algorithm used to solve game problems with hierarchical structure. In the multi-relay IoT scenario, the read-write device can be regarded as the leader (Leader), and the intermediate node can be regarded as the follower (Follower). The Stackelberg game algorithm is used to solve the relay selection and scheduling problem. The implementation process is as follows:

[0154] (21) Establish a game model: define the strategy space, payoff function and other game elements of the read-write device and the intermediate node. The read-write device, as the leader, first makes a decision, i.e. selects a relay scheduling strategy. The intermediate node, as the follower, makes its own choice according to the decision of the read-write device, i.e. whether to accept the task assigned by the read-write device or to choose other intermediate nodes for cooperation.

[0155] (22) Solve the optimal strategy of the leader: the read-write device predicts the possible reactions of the follower according to the current network state and the performance of the intermediate node. An optimization algorithm (such as gradient descent method, heuristic search algorithm, etc.) is used to solve the optimal strategy of the read-write device, i.e. the relay scheduling strategy that maximizes its own revenue or minimizes the cost.

[0156] (23) Solve the optimal reaction of the follower: for each intermediate node, according to the decision of the read-write device and its own performance constraints, select the optimal reaction strategy. This usually involves comparing and selecting multiple possible strategies to maximize its own revenue or meet certain conditions.

[0157] (24) Iterative convergence: repeat the above steps until the strategies of the read-write device and the intermediate node reach a stable state, i.e. both parties have no incentive to change the current strategy. This stable state is the equilibrium solution of the Stackelberg game, which is also the optimal relay selection and scheduling strategy in the multi-relay IoT scenario.

[0158] In this embodiment, the Best Request algorithm and the Stackelberg game algorithm are combined to solve the relay scheduling optimization problem, and the specific process is as follows:

[0159] (31) Initialization phase: collect network state information, including the location, signal strength, available bandwidth, etc. of the intermediate node. Initialize the connection state of the IoT terminal device and the intermediate node, as well as the link cost and other parameters.

[0160] (32) Best Request algorithm phase: according to the current network state and the performance of the intermediate node, the Best Request algorithm is used to select the optimal intermediate node for connection. Update the network information, including the connection state of the IoT terminal device and the intermediate node, and the link cost, etc.

[0161] (33) Stackelberg game theory stage: Based on the Best Request algorithm, a game model between the base station and the intermediate node is established. The Stackelberg game theory algorithm is used to solve for the optimal relay scheduling strategy of the base station and the optimal response strategy of the intermediate node. The connection status and relay scheduling strategy between the IoT terminal device and the intermediate node are updated according to the solution results.

[0162] (34) Iterative optimization phase: Repeat the Best Request algorithm and Stackelberg game algorithm phases described above until the predetermined number of iterations is reached or the convergence condition is met. In each iteration, the optimal intermediate node and scheduling strategy are reselected based on the updated network information to gradually approach the optimal solution.

[0163] In this embodiment, the optimal solution is the candidate intermediate node corresponding to each terminal device, and the candidate intermediate node corresponding to each terminal device maximizes the corresponding first utility value.

[0164] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, with the communication resources occupied by the terminal device satisfying the communication resource conditions as a constraint, and based on the first utility value of each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, the reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device is selected from each candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device, including:

[0165] S601, with the communication resources occupied by the terminal device satisfying the communication resource conditions as a constraint, and based on the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, select the candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from each candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device.

[0166] It is understandable that the candidate intermediate node in S601 is the reselection intermediate node to be verified obtained by the above method in S505. S602 and S603 are used to verify the reselection intermediate node to determine whether the reselection intermediate node to be verified can finally be used as the reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device.

[0167] S602, control the candidate intermediate node to send the broadcast node message to the terminal device again, and determine the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device based on the broadcast response information reported by the candidate intermediate node again.

[0168] Optionally, the candidate intermediate node is controlled to resend the broadcast node message to the terminal device. Based on the broadcast response information reported again by the candidate intermediate node, the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is determined.

[0169] S603, in a case where a difference between the first utility value and the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is less than a preset error value, taking the candidate intermediate node as the reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device.

[0170] For example, the first utility value is a utility value at time t, and the second utility value is a utility value at time t+1.

[0171] The difference between the first utility value and the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is: || U(t+1)-U(t)||.

[0172] If || U(t+1)-U(t)|| is less than the preset error value e, the candidate intermediate node is taken as the reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device.

[0173] Further, as shown in Figure 7 According to the broadcast response information reported again by the candidate intermediate node, the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is determined, including:

[0174] S701, the first utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is determined according to the communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

[0175] Optionally, the communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node is obtained according to the gradient of the utility function (as shown in formula (2)) with respect to the link cost, and the communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node is the communication cost of the candidate intermediate node at time t+1 according to the broadcast response information reported again, which is specifically shown in the following formula (4):

[0176] (4)

[0177] Wherein, is the communication cost of the candidate intermediate node at time t+1 according to the broadcast response information reported again; is the communication cost of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device at time t.

[0178] S702, the second cost score is determined according to the communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

[0179] Specifically, referring to the above S503, optionally, the second communication cost is converted to obtain the second cost score by using a set conversion strategy.

[0180] S703, the second quality score is determined according to the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node of the terminal device.

[0181] Specifically, referring to S502, the communication quality parameter is converted into a second quality score using a set conversion strategy.

[0182] S704, determining a second utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node according to the difference between the second quality score and the second cost score.

[0183] Specifically, referring to S504, the second quality score is subtracted from the second cost score to obtain the second utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

[0184] In one exemplary embodiment, the control terminal device disconnects the communication connection between the terminal device and the initial selection intermediate node, and establishes a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node, comprising: sending a downlink control message containing the node identification information of the reselected intermediate node to the terminal device, to instruct the terminal device to disconnect the communication connection between the terminal device and the initial selection intermediate node, and to establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0185] It can be understood that the forwarding intermediate node can be a node responsible for forwarding data in the initial communication path, and the reselected intermediate node is a node selected as a node in the new communication path after a certain decision-making process (such as based on utility value, communication quality, etc.).

[0186] The downlink control message contains the node identification information of the reselected intermediate node. The terminal device is instructed to perform a specific operation, that is, to disconnect the communication connection with the initial selection intermediate node and to establish a communication connection with the reselected intermediate node.

[0187] For example, the downlink control message can be a Trigger signal or a Paging signal, which is used to broadcast specific information or trigger specific operations in the network. The broadcast signal is periodically sent, which helps to ensure that the terminal device in the network can continuously receive the latest information or instructions.

[0188] In this embodiment, the relay type indication is added in the downlink control information, which helps the receiving terminal device to identify and understand the source and type of the broadcast signal, so as to make corresponding response. The terminal device accesses the network through time slot ALOHA. Time slot ALOHA is a random access protocol that allows terminal devices to send data in a specified time slot to reduce collisions and improve network efficiency.

[0189] The terminal device attempts to establish a new communication connection with the reselected intermediate node according to the reselected intermediate node identification information in the downlink control message. Once the connection is successfully established, the terminal device will transmit or receive data through the reselected intermediate node.

[0190] Optionally, the downlink control message containing the node identification information of the reselection intermediate node is sent to the terminal device, including: sending the downlink control message to the forwarding intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device to instruct the forwarding intermediate node to forward the downlink control message to the terminal device.

[0191] It can be understood that the downlink control message is not sent directly to the terminal device, but is first sent to the forwarding intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device. The forwarding intermediate node is responsible for forwarding the message to the terminal device after receiving the downlink control message. The forwarding intermediate node here plays the role of a "relay" or "bridge", which receives downlink control messages from the base station or other control entities and delivers these messages to the terminal device. By using the forwarding intermediate node, the efficiency and reliability of message delivery can be improved, especially in the case of complex network topology or high terminal device mobility.

[0192] After receiving the downlink control message, the terminal device will parse the content in the message, especially the node identification information of the reselection intermediate node. According to this information, the terminal device will perform the necessary operations to disconnect the communication connection with the current intermediate node and establish a communication connection with the reselection intermediate node.

[0193] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 7 the node selection result of the terminal device is obtained, including:

[0194] S701, obtaining the connection information reported by each intermediate node in the set of intermediate nodes.

[0195] Among them, the connection information reported by each intermediate node includes the terminal device identification connected by the intermediate node.

[0196] Optionally, according to the capability of the terminal device, the terminal device that completes access will selectively report its power, alternative relay list and other information to the relay UE (user terminal device, which may act as an intermediate node) connected.

[0197] For example, the power information can help the network predict the life and charging or replacement time of the terminal device; the alternative relay list can provide alternative options when the current intermediate node is unavailable. By reporting these information, the terminal device helps the network better understand its status and needs, so as to make more intelligent decisions and optimize network performance.

[0198] Correspondingly, each intermediate node will report the terminal device identification connected by it. These information is the basis for determining the node selection result of the terminal device. In addition to the terminal device identification, the terminal device that completes access can selectively report its power, alternative relay list and other information to the relay UE connected.

[0199] S702, determine the node selection result of the terminal device according to the connection information containing the terminal device identifier of the terminal device.

[0200] Specifically, through the terminal device identifier, the network can track and identify each terminal device and know the intermediate nodes they are currently connected to. Based on the reported connection information, the network can determine the node selection result of each terminal device, i.e. which intermediate node they selected as part of the communication path.

[0201] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the embodiment provides an interaction schematic diagram of an intermediate node selection method, which specifically includes: Figure 8

[0202] S801, each intermediate node in the intermediate node set sends a broadcast message to the terminal device.

[0203] S802, the terminal device selects a preliminary selected intermediate node in the intermediate node set based on the local selection strategy based on the obtained broadcast messages.

[0204] S803, the terminal device sends a broadcast message to the preliminary selected intermediate node based on the obtained broadcast messages.

[0205] For example, the preliminary selected intermediate node in the embodiment is the intermediate node 1.

[0206] S804, for each intermediate node in the intermediate node set, in the case of obtaining the broadcast response information fed back by the terminal device for the broadcast message, the connection information of the intermediate node is reported to the card reading device.

[0207] S805, the card reading device determines the node selection result of the terminal device according to the connection information containing the terminal device identifier of the terminal device.

[0208] The node selection result includes the preliminary selected intermediate node selected by the terminal device in the intermediate node set based on the local selection strategy.

[0209] S806, the card reading device sends broadcast indication information to each intermediate node in the intermediate node set.

[0210] S807, each intermediate node in the intermediate node set broadcasts a node message to the corresponding communication area according to the broadcast indication information.

[0211] S808, the terminal device sends a node response message to the corresponding intermediate node in the case of receiving the broadcast node message.

[0212] S809, the intermediate node receiving the node response message generates broadcast response information.

[0213] ​S8010, the card reading device acquires the broadcast response information reported by the intermediate node in response to the broadcast instruction information, and determines at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the terminal device identifier of the terminal device and each broadcast response information, and selects a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from each candidate intermediate node according to the communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device.

[0214] The broadcast response information of each intermediate node includes a terminal device identifier responding to the node message of the intermediate node. The candidate intermediate node can communicate with the terminal device.

[0215] S8011, the card reading device sends a downlink control message to the forwarding intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device.

[0216] S8012, the forwarding intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device forwards the downlink control message to the terminal device.

[0217] S8013, the terminal device establishes a communication connection with the reselected intermediate node according to the downlink control message.

[0218] It should be understood that although each step in the flowchart involved in the above embodiments is displayed in sequence according to the arrow, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the arrow. Unless otherwise stated herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in sequence, and these steps can be executed in other sequences. Moreover, at least part of the steps in the flowchart involved in the above embodiments can include multiple steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution sequence of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed alternately or alternately with at least part of other steps or steps or stages in other steps.

[0219] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides an intermediate node selection device for implementing the above-mentioned intermediate node selection method. The implementation scheme of the problem solving provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme described in the above method, so the specific limitations in one or more intermediate node selection device embodiments provided below can refer to the limitations of the intermediate node selection method in the above, which will not be repeated here.

[0220] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 9 An intermediate node selection device is provided, configured in a read-write device, comprising:

[0221] The acquisition module 11 is configured to acquire a node selection result of the terminal device; the node selection result comprises a preliminary selected intermediate node selected by the terminal device from the intermediate node set based on a local selection strategy;

[0222] The response module 12 is configured to determine at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device in a case where the node selection result of the terminal device satisfies a node reselection condition; the candidate intermediate node can communicate with the terminal device.

[0223] The reselection module 13 is configured to select a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device.

[0224] The switching module 14 is configured to control the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the preliminary selected intermediate node, and establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0225] In one of the embodiments, the response module 12 is further configured to send broadcast indication information to each intermediate node in the intermediate node set; the broadcast indication information is used to instruct the intermediate node to broadcast a node message to a corresponding communication area.

[0226] The broadcast response information reported by the intermediate node responding to the broadcast indication information is acquired; the broadcast response information of each intermediate node comprises a terminal device identifier responding to the node message of the intermediate node.

[0227] At least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device is determined according to the terminal device identifier of the terminal device and each broadcast response information.

[0228] In one of the embodiments, the response module 12 is further configured to, for each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, acquire a subcarrier bandwidth, a transmission power, an antenna gain, a channel gain used by the candidate intermediate node when broadcasting the node message, and a communication distance between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node from the broadcast response information of the candidate intermediate node.

[0229] The communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node is determined according to the subcarrier bandwidth, the transmission power, the antenna gain, the channel gain used by the candidate intermediate node when broadcasting the node message, and the communication distance between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

[0230] In one of the embodiments, the reselection module 13 is further configured to determine a first utility value of each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device according to the communication quality parameter and a communication cost between the terminal device and any candidate intermediate node of the terminal device.

[0231] The reselection module 13 is further configured to select, from the candidate intermediate nodes corresponding to the terminal device, a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, with a constraint that a communication resource occupied by the terminal device meets a communication resource condition.

[0232] In one of the embodiments, the reselection module 13 is further configured to determine, for each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, a first quality score according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node of the terminal device.

[0233] The reselection module 13 is further configured to determine a first cost score according to a communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

[0234] The reselection module 13 is further configured to determine the first utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node according to a difference between the first quality score and the first cost score.

[0235] In one of the embodiments, the reselection module 13 is further configured to select, from the candidate intermediate nodes corresponding to the terminal device, a candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, with a constraint that a communication resource occupied by the terminal device meets a communication resource condition.

[0236] The reselection module 13 is further configured to control the candidate intermediate node to send the broadcast node message to the terminal device again, and determine a second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device according to broadcast response information reported by the candidate intermediate node again.

[0237] In a case where a difference between the first utility value and the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is less than a preset error value, the candidate intermediate node is selected as the reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device.

[0238] In one of the embodiments, the reselection module 13 is further configured to, in a case where the number of terminal devices is one, select, from the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, a candidate intermediate node with a maximum first utility value as the candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device, with a constraint that a communication resource occupied by the terminal device meets a communication resource condition.

[0239] In a case where the number of terminal devices is at least two, the reselection module 13 is further configured to determine the candidate intermediate node corresponding to each terminal device, with a constraint that a communication resource occupied by each terminal device meets a communication resource condition, and with an objective of maximizing the first utility value corresponding to each terminal device.

[0240] In one of the embodiments, the reselection module 13 is further configured to determine the first utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device according to a communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

[0241] determine a second cost score according to a communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node;

[0242] determine a second quality score according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node of the terminal device;

[0243] determine a second utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node according to a difference between the second quality score and the second cost score.

[0244] In one of the embodiments, the switching module 14 is further configured to send a downlink control message containing node identification information of the reselected intermediate node to the terminal device, so as to instruct the terminal device to disconnect the communication connection between the terminal device and the initially selected intermediate node and establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0245] In one of the embodiments, the switching module 14 is further configured to send a downlink control message to the forwarding intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device, so as to instruct the forwarding intermediate node to forward the downlink control message to the terminal device.

[0246] In one of the embodiments, the switching module 14 is further configured to acquire the connection information reported by each intermediate node in the intermediate node set, wherein the connection information reported by each intermediate node includes a terminal device identification of a terminal device connected by the intermediate node.

[0247] determine a node selection result of the terminal device according to the connection information containing the terminal device identification of the terminal device.

[0248] Each module in the above intermediate node selection apparatus can be realized by software, hardware and a combination thereof in whole or in part. The above modules can be embedded in or independent of a processor in the read-write device in hardware form, or can be stored in a memory in the read-write device in software form, so as to be called and executed by the processor to perform the operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0249] In one exemplary embodiment, a read-write device, which can be a server, is provided, and an internal structure diagram of the read-write device can be as shown in Figure 10The read-write device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (I / O), and a communication interface. The processor, the memory, and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the read-write device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the read-write device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for running the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the read-write device is configured to store data of the intermediate node selection method. The input / output interface of the read-write device is configured to exchange information between the processor and an external terminal device. The communication interface of the read-write device is configured to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement an intermediate node selection method.

[0250] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 10 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of part of the structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the read-write device to which the scheme of the present application is applied. An optional read-write device can include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0251] In one exemplary embodiment, a read-write device is provided, including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the following steps:

[0252] Obtaining a node selection result of the terminal device; the node selection result includes a preliminary selected intermediate node selected by the terminal device from a set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy;

[0253] In a case where the node selection result of the terminal device meets a node reselection condition, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device; the candidate intermediate node is capable of communicating with the terminal device;

[0254] Selecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device;

[0255] Controlling the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection with the preliminary selected intermediate node and establish a communication connection with the reselected intermediate node.

[0256] In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps:

[0257] obtaining a node selection result of the terminal device; the node selection result comprises a preliminary selected intermediate node selected by the terminal device from the set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy;

[0258] In a case where the node selection result of the terminal device meets a node reselection condition, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device; the candidate intermediate node is capable of communicating with the terminal device;

[0259] selecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device;

[0260] controlling the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the preliminary selected intermediate node, and to establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0261] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0262] obtaining a node selection result of the terminal device; the node selection result comprises a preliminary selected intermediate node selected by the terminal device from the set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy;

[0263] In a case where the node selection result of the terminal device meets a node reselection condition, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device; the candidate intermediate node is capable of communicating with the terminal device;

[0264] selecting a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device;

[0265] controlling the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the preliminary selected intermediate node, and to establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

[0266] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by a computer program instructing relevant hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, the processes of the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be included. Any reference to memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical storage, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. The volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration but not limitation, the RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc. The database involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database can include a distributed database based on a block chain, etc., but is not limited thereto. The processor involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can be a general processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0267] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0268] The above embodiments only express several implementation ways of the present application, and the description is specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation to the patent scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of intermediate node selection, characterized by, The method is applied to a read-write device, and comprises the following steps: obtaining a node selection result of a terminal device; the node selection result comprises a preliminary selection intermediate node selected by the terminal device from a set of intermediate nodes based on a local selection strategy; in a case where the node selection result of the terminal device meets a node reselection condition, determining at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device; the candidate intermediate node can communicate with the terminal device; for each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, determining a first quality score according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, determining a first cost score according to a communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node, and determining a first utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node according to a difference between the first quality score and the first cost score; selecting a reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes corresponding to the terminal device according to the first utility values of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate nodes of the terminal device, with a communication resource condition that the communication resource occupied by the terminal device meets as a constraint; controlling the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the preliminary selection intermediate node, and establishing a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselection intermediate node.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device comprises: sending broadcast indication information to each intermediate node in the set of intermediate nodes; the broadcast indication information is used to instruct the intermediate node to broadcast a node message to a corresponding communication area; obtaining broadcast response information reported by an intermediate node in response to the broadcast indication information; the broadcast response information of each intermediate node comprises a terminal device identifier of a terminal device responding to the node message of the intermediate node; determining the at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the terminal device identifier of the terminal device and the broadcast response information.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The method further comprises: for each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, obtaining a subcarrier bandwidth, a transmission power, an antenna gain, a channel gain used by the candidate intermediate node when broadcasting a node message, and a communication distance between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node from the broadcast response information of the candidate intermediate node; determining a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node according to the subcarrier bandwidth, the transmission power, the antenna gain, the channel gain used by the candidate intermediate node when broadcasting a node message, and the communication distance between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The selection of the reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from the candidate intermediate nodes corresponding to the terminal device according to the first utility values of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate nodes of the terminal device, with the communication resource condition that the communication resource occupied by the terminal device meets as a constraint, comprises: selecting, from the candidate intermediate nodes corresponding to the terminal device, a candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, with a constraint that a communication resource occupied by the terminal device meets a communication resource condition; controlling the candidate intermediate node to send a broadcast node message to the terminal device again, and determining a second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device according to broadcast response information reported by the candidate intermediate node again; in a case where a difference between the first utility value and the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is less than a preset error value, taking the candidate intermediate node as a reselected intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The selecting, from the candidate intermediate nodes corresponding to the terminal device, a candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, with a constraint that a communication resource occupied by the terminal device meets a communication resource condition, comprises: in a case where the number of terminal devices is one, selecting, from the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, a candidate intermediate node with the maximum first utility value as the candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device, with a constraint that a communication resource occupied by the terminal device meets a communication resource condition; in a case where the number of terminal devices is at least two, determining the candidate intermediate node corresponding to each terminal device, with a constraint that a communication resource occupied by each terminal device meets a communication resource condition, and with a target of maximizing the first utility value corresponding to each terminal device.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein, The determining, according to the broadcast response information reported by the candidate intermediate node again, the second utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device, comprises: The first utility value of the candidate intermediate node and the terminal device is determined according to a communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node; determining a second cost score according to the communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node; determining a second quality score according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node of the terminal device; determining the second utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node according to a difference between the second quality score and the second cost score.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The controlling the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the primary selected intermediate node, and establishing a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node, comprises: sending, to the terminal device, a downlink control message containing node identification information of the reselected intermediate node, to instruct the terminal device to disconnect the communication connection between the terminal device and the primary selected intermediate node, and to establish the communication connection between the terminal device and the reselected intermediate node.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The sending, to the terminal device, the downlink control message containing the node identification information of the reselected intermediate node, comprises: sending, to a forwarding intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device, a downlink control message, to instruct the forwarding intermediate node to forward the downlink control message to the terminal device.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, The node selection result of the terminal device is obtained, and the node selection result comprises: Obtaining connection information reported by each intermediate node in the intermediate node set; the connection information reported by each intermediate node comprises a terminal device identifier connected by the intermediate node; According to the connection information comprising the terminal device identifier of the terminal device, the node selection result of the terminal device is determined.

10. An intermediate node selection apparatus characterized by The device is configured in a read-write device, and the device comprises: An acquisition module is configured to acquire a node selection result of a terminal device; the node selection result comprises a preliminary selection intermediate node selected by the terminal device in an intermediate node set based on a local selection strategy; A response module is configured to determine at least one candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device in a case where the node selection result of the terminal device meets a node reselection condition; wherein the candidate intermediate node can communicate with the terminal device; A reselection module is configured to, for each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, determine a first quality score according to a communication quality parameter between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node of the terminal device, determine a first cost score according to a communication cost between the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node, and determine a first utility value of the terminal device and the candidate intermediate node according to a difference between the first quality score and the first cost score; with a communication resource condition met by communication resources occupied by the terminal device as a constraint, the reselection module selects a reselection intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device from each candidate intermediate node corresponding to the terminal device according to the first utility value of the terminal device and each candidate intermediate node of the terminal device. A switching module is configured to control the terminal device to disconnect a communication connection between the terminal device and the preliminary selection intermediate node, and establish a communication connection between the terminal device and the reselection intermediate node.

11. A read-write device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

13. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

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