A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system
By designing a high-voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system and using automatic logic control modules to realize automatic control of the pre-charge circuit, the problem of "arc pulling" phenomenon and poor system versatility in the high-voltage power supply system of electric vehicles is solved, and the reliability and maintenance simplicity are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411987202.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-01
AI Technical Summary
The high-voltage power supply systems of existing electric vehicles are prone to "arc pulling" when the high voltage is suddenly turned on, resulting in a shortening of the life of electrical equipment. It is difficult to achieve seamless switching of automobile power supply systems of different brands, the system is not versatile and the maintenance is high.
A high-voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system is designed, and an automatic logic control module is formed using voltage comparator, logic circuit and Moss tube to realize automatic control of the pre-charge circuit, avoid relying on external controllers, and simplify control logic.
Through the use of automatic logic control module, automatic control of precharge circuits is realized, the workload and complexity of the automotive power supply system is reduced, the reliability and versatility of the system are improved, and the probability of failure is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN119742200A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile power supply, and in particular to a high-voltage pre-charging arc extinguishing control system. Background Art
[0002] As the bus voltage of existing electric vehicles is getting higher and higher, when the high voltage is suddenly connected, due to the large potential difference between the contacts of the high-voltage switch, the air is instantly broken down. This phenomenon is usually called "arcing". This phenomenon is very unfriendly to the electrical equipment or components responsible for point connection, which greatly reduces the life of the electrical components or even damages them. In order to avoid this phenomenon, we usually use a small power bypass to pre-connect the high-voltage circuit that needs to be connected, and then connect the high-voltage contactor contacts after the voltage at both ends of the high-voltage contactor contacts are balanced to avoid the occurrence of "arcing". This small bypass is what we usually call the pre-charging circuit.
[0003] In modern electric vehicles, the vehicle power supply system (VPSS) is one of the core components, responsible for providing stable power to various electrical devices in the vehicle. In order to ensure the reliability and safety of the VPSS, the design of the pre-charging circuit is crucial. However, the control of the pre-charging circuit depends on the signal detection and logical judgment of the controller. At the same time, in order to ensure the stability of the supply chain, automobile manufacturers often purchase controllers from multiple suppliers. The controllers of different manufacturers have differences in control logic and methods, which makes it difficult to achieve seamless switching of power supply systems of different brands of vehicles, resulting in low versatility of the system. In addition, the control of VPSS depends on software support. When using controllers from different manufacturers, it is usually necessary to carry out special development and debugging of the power supply system, which increases the complexity and workload of maintenance, thereby increasing the probability of failure. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present invention is intended to provide a high-voltage pre-charging arc extinguishing control system to simplify the control logic of the pre-charging circuit, thereby reducing the workload of the power supply system.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high-voltage pre-charging arc extinguishing control system, comprising a high-voltage contact module for connecting a high-voltage bus and supplying power to electrical appliances, and an automatic logic control module for sampling the voltage at both ends of the high-voltage bus and controlling the high-voltage contact module to connect to the power supply to the electrical appliances, the high-voltage contact module comprising an input port for accessing the high-voltage end of the high-voltage bus, an output port for accessing the low-voltage end of the high-voltage bus, and a high-voltage pre-charging module, the high-voltage pre-charging module having a built-in pre-charging bypass, the two ends of the pre-charging bypass being connected to the input port and the output port respectively; the automatic logic control module comprising a voltage dividing circuit, a comparison control circuit and a pre-charging logic control relay, the voltage dividing circuit comprising a first voltage dividing device and a second voltage dividing device connected in series, the first voltage dividing device end being conductive to the high-voltage end of the high-voltage bus, the second voltage dividing device end being conductive to the low-voltage end of the high-voltage bus, and the voltage dividing coefficient of the second voltage dividing device being greater than the first The voltage dividing coefficient of the voltage dividing device, the comparison control circuit includes a voltage comparator, a logic circuit and a Morse tube, the voltage comparator includes a first collection port for collecting voltage information of the first voltage dividing device, a second collection port for collecting voltage information of the second voltage dividing device and an output port for comparing the collected voltages and outputting the comparison result, the logic circuit is a logic "AND" gate circuit including an output end and two input ends, one input end of the logic "AND" gate circuit is connected to a high-voltage enable signal, the other input end of the logic "AND" gate circuit is connected to the output end of the voltage comparator, the output end of the logic "AND" gate circuit is connected to the Morse tube and can control the conduction or disconnection of the Morse tube through the logic output signal to control whether the high-voltage contact module supplies power to the electrical appliance, the pre-charge logic control relay is electrically connected to the Morse tube and the pre-charge bypass and can cut off the connection between the pre-charge bypass and the input port or the output port according to the conduction of the Morse tube.
[0006] The beneficial effects of this solution are: using basic electronic components such as voltage comparators, logic circuits and MOS tubes to form an automatic logic control module, collecting voltage information after voltage division, and realizing automatic control of the pre-charging circuit. The entire process does not need to rely on signal detection and logic judgment of the controller, reducing the workload and complexity of the automobile power supply system, thereby reducing the maintenance complexity and workload of the automobile power supply system, and further reducing the probability of failure.
[0007] Furthermore, the pre-charge bypass includes a pre-charge current limiting resistor and a pre-charge contactor connected in series, and the high-voltage pre-charge module also includes a high-voltage contactor, which is connected in parallel with the pre-charge bypass. The Morse tube is electrically connected to the high-voltage contactor and the pre-charge logic control relay and can control the closing of the high-voltage contactor and the disconnection of the relay through the conduction of the Morse tube.
[0008] Furthermore, a grounding node is provided between the first voltage dividing device and the second voltage dividing device, and the terminal point potential between the first voltage dividing device and the second voltage dividing device is fixed to 0V through the grounding node.
[0009] Further, the first voltage dividing device includes a first pressure measuring resistor and a first current limiting unit connected in series, the second voltage dividing device includes a second pressure measuring resistor and a second current limiting unit connected in series, the resistance of the first pressure measuring resistor is less than the resistance of the second pressure measuring resistor and the difference is less than or equal to 500Ω, the resistance of the first current limiting unit is greater than the first pressure measuring resistor, and the resistance of the second current limiting unit is greater than the second pressure measuring resistor.
[0010] Furthermore, the comparison control circuit also includes a voltage limiting unit for limiting the voltage level of the logic circuit. The voltage limiting unit includes at least one voltage dividing resistor, and the voltage dividing resistor is electrically connected to the logic circuit.
[0011] Furthermore, the automatic logic control module also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the comparison control circuit, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the comparison control circuit.
[0012] Furthermore, the power supply module includes a main power supply and a voltage dropper. The main power supply is electrically connected to the MOS tube and the voltage dropper to supply power. The voltage dropper converts the voltage provided by the main power supply into a VCC voltage and supplies power to the voltage comparator via the VCC voltage.
[0013] Furthermore, the first current limiting unit and the second current limiting unit both include a plurality of voltage-dividing resistors connected in series. The number of voltage-dividing resistors in the first current limiting unit and the second current limiting unit is the same or different, but the resistance value inside each of them can be set according to actual needs.
[0014] Further, the voltage information collected by the first acquisition port is U-, and the voltage data collected by the second acquisition port is U+. When U+>U-, the output end of the voltage comparator outputs a high logic level input to the logic "AND" circuit and connects the enable signal with the upper high voltage. When the two input signals of the logic "AND" gate circuit meet the high logic level at the same time, the output end controls the Morse tube to be turned on; when U+<U-, the output end of the voltage comparator outputs a low logic level input to the logic "AND" circuit and connects the enable signal with the upper high voltage. When the two input signals of the logic "AND" gate circuit do not meet the high logic level at the same time, the output end controls the Morse tube to be turned off.
[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a shell, in which the high-voltage contact module and the automatic logic control module are both fixed, and the shell is fixedly connected to the car.
[0016] In combination with the above technical features, the technical solution of this application also includes the following effects:
[0017] 1. Simplify the automotive power supply system: This solution uses basic electronic components to form an automatic logic control module to achieve automatic control of the pre-charging circuit, without the need for an external controller. This greatly simplifies the control logic and reduces system complexity. At the same time, due to the simplified control logic, the workload of the power supply system is reduced, and the maintenance workload and failure probability are also reduced.
[0018] 2. Improve the reliability of the power supply system: By adopting simple and reliable electrical components such as voltage divider circuits and comparison control circuits, potential failure points caused by complex control logic are reduced; at the same time, physical isolation using components such as relays enhances the system's anti-interference ability and safety.
[0019] 3. Accurate sampling: The voltage divider circuit consists of a first voltage divider device and a second voltage divider device connected in series, ensuring accurate sampling of the voltage at both ends of the high-voltage bus. The voltage divider coefficient of the second voltage divider device is greater than that of the first voltage divider device, further improving the sampling accuracy; the voltage limiting unit in the comparison control circuit is used to limit the voltage level of the logic circuit to ensure that the logic circuit operates within a safe range and avoid overvoltage damage.
[0020] 4. By reasonably designing the first voltage measuring resistor, the second voltage measuring resistor and its current limiting unit, ensure that the sampling current meets the demand while reducing energy consumption as much as possible; convert the total power supply voltage into VCC voltage through the voltage dropper to ensure stable power supply of key components such as the voltage comparator and improve the overall performance of the system.
[0021] 5. Strong adaptability: Both the first current limiting unit and the second current limiting unit include a number of voltage-dividing resistors connected in series, and the resistance value can be set according to actual needs, which enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the system; it is suitable for a variety of high-voltage pre-charging application scenarios, especially electric vehicles and other fields that require efficient pre-charging control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:
[0024] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: high-voltage contact module 1, high-voltage pre-charging bypass 11, electrical appliance power supply module 12, automatic logic control module 2, first voltage dividing module 211, second voltage dividing module 212, logic control circuit 22, high-voltage contactor K1, pre-charging current limiting resistor Rx, pre-charging contactor K2, pre-charging control relay K3, voltage dividing resistor R1, voltage dividing resistor R2, voltage dividing resistor R3, voltage dividing resistor R4, voltage dividing resistor R5, voltage dividing resistor R6, voltage dividing resistor R7, voltage dividing resistor R8, voltage dividing resistor R9, voltage dividing resistor R10, voltage dividing resistor R11, voltage dividing resistor R12, voltage comparator U1, first acquisition port V-, second acquisition port V+, logic circuit U2A, voltage dropper U3, and MOS tube Q1.
[0025] Example 1
[0026] Embodiment 1 is basically as attached Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1A high-voltage pre-charging arc extinguishing control system shown includes a high-voltage contact module 1 and an automatic logic control module 2. The high-voltage contact module 1 includes an electrical power supply module 12 and a high-voltage pre-charging bypass 11. The electrical power supply module 12 includes an input port, an output port and a high-voltage contactor K1. The high-voltage pre-charging bypass 11 includes a pre-charging current limiting resistor Rx and a pre-charging contactor K2. The pre-charging current limiting resistor Rx and the pre-charging contactor K2 are connected in series and in parallel with the electrical power supply module to form an arc extinguishing circuit.
[0027] The automatic logic control module 2 includes a voltage-dividing circuit, a comparison control circuit and a power supply module. The voltage-dividing circuit includes a first voltage-dividing device and a second voltage-dividing device. The first voltage-dividing device end is connected to the high-voltage end of the high-voltage bus, and the second voltage-dividing device end is connected to the low-voltage end of the high-voltage bus. The first voltage-dividing device includes a voltage-dividing resistor R1, a voltage-dividing resistor R2, a voltage-dividing resistor R3, a voltage-dividing resistor R4 and a voltage-dividing resistor R5, wherein the voltage-dividing resistors R1-R4 constitute a first current-limiting unit, the voltage-dividing resistor R5 serves as a first pressure-measuring resistor, and the resistance value of the first current-limiting unit is greater than the resistance value of the first pressure-measuring resistor; the second The voltage dividing device includes a voltage dividing resistor R6, a voltage dividing resistor R7, a voltage dividing resistor R8, a voltage dividing resistor R9 and a voltage dividing resistor R10, wherein the voltage dividing resistors R6-R9 form a second current limiting unit, the voltage dividing resistor R10 serves as a second pressure measuring resistor, the resistance value of the second current limiting unit is greater than the resistance value of the second pressure measuring resistor, the resistance value difference between the second pressure measuring resistor and the first pressure measuring resistor is greater than or equal to 500Ω, a grounding node is provided between the first pressure measuring resistor R5 and the second pressure measuring resistor R10, and the terminal point potential between the voltage dividing resistor R5 and the voltage dividing resistor R10 is fixed to 0V through the grounding node.
[0028] The logic control circuit includes a pre-charge control relay K3, a voltage comparator U1, a logic circuit U2A, a MOS tube Q1 and a voltage limiting unit. The voltage comparator U1 includes a first acquisition port V-, a second acquisition port V+ and an output port. The first acquisition port V- is used to collect voltage information U- across the first voltage-dividing resistor R10 and input it into the voltage comparator U1 through the first acquisition port V-; the second acquisition port V+ is used to collect voltage information U+ of the second voltage-dividing device and input it into the voltage comparator U1 through the second acquisition port V+. When U+>U-, the output end of the voltage comparator U1 outputs a high logic level; when U+<U-, the output end of the voltage comparator U1 outputs a low logic level.
[0029] The logic circuit U2A is a logic "AND" gate circuit including an output end and two input ends. One input end of the logic "AND" gate circuit is connected to a high-voltage enable signal, and the other input end of the logic "AND" gate circuit is connected to the output end of the voltage comparator U1. The output end of the logic "AND" gate circuit is connected to the MOS tube Q1 and can control the conduction or disconnection of the MOS tube Q1 to control whether the high-voltage contact module 1 supplies power to the electrical appliance. When the output end of the voltage comparator U1 outputs a high logic level, that is, the two input signals of the logic "AND" gate circuit meet the high logic level at the same time, the output end controls the MOS tube Q1 to be turned on, that is, the coil voltage of the high-voltage contactor K1 is connected, so that the high-voltage contactor K1 is closed, and at the same time, the coil voltage of the pre-charging control relay K3 is connected to control the pre-charging control relay K3 to be disconnected, thereby cutting off the coil voltage of the pre-charging contactor K2, so that the pre-charging circuit is disconnected.
[0030] The voltage limiting unit is connected between the logic circuit U2A and the high voltage on enable to reduce the voltage level of the logic circuit U2A. In this embodiment, the voltage limiting unit includes a voltage dividing resistor R11 and a voltage dividing resistor R12. The voltage dividing resistor R11 is connected in series between the logic circuit U2A and the high voltage on enable. One end of the voltage dividing resistor R12 is grounded, and the other end is connected between the voltage dividing resistor R11 and the logic circuit U2A to limit the current and voltage of the logic circuit U2A.
[0031] The power supply module includes a main power supply and a voltage dropper U3. The main power supply is electrically connected to the MOS tube Q1 and the voltage dropper U3 and supplies power. The voltage dropper U3 converts the voltage provided by the main power supply into a VCC voltage and supplies power to the voltage comparator U1 through the VCC voltage. In this embodiment, the voltage of the main power supply is 24V, the voltage dropper is a high-voltage step-down chip, and the VCC voltage is 5V.
[0032] The usage process is as follows:
[0033] Before K2 is closed, R1-R5 are connected in series to the high-voltage bus input terminal. Due to the large total resistance, the current is small.
[0034] Similarly, R6-R10 are connected in series to the output end of the high-voltage bus to achieve comparison between the forward input voltage U+ and the reverse input voltage U-.
[0035] The working voltage of the comparator U1 is provided by the VCC voltage provided by the power chip U3, and U+ and U- are at TTL level values and are less than the VCC value.
[0036] U-=VIN*R5 / (R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)
[0037] U+=VOUT*R10 / (R6+R7+R8+R9+R10)
[0038] Since the connection condition of K1 is U+>U-,
[0039] That is, VOUT*R10 / (R6+R7+R8+R9+R10)>VIN*R5 / (R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)
[0040] In order to reduce the power consumption of the sampling loop, the loop current should be controlled below 10mA. In this embodiment, the loop current is 5mA.
[0041] The calculation result of the first voltage-dividing resistor R5 is as follows:
[0042] Let U- be the reference level and take 2.5V as the reference, substitute into the formula I=U / R where I is the current, U is the voltage, and R is the resistance, and calculate R5=2500 ohms.
[0043] The value of R1+R2+R3+R4 is selected according to the voltage value of the input voltage VIN so that VIN / (R1+R2+R3+R4+500)≈5mA.
[0044] Similarly, because VOUT / (R6+R7+R8+R9+R10)≈5mA, the condition U+>U- is
[0045] VOUT*R10 / (R6+R7+R8+R9+R10)>VIN*R5 / (R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)
[0046] The value of R10 should be greater than R5, and the value of R10 should satisfy (R10-R5)≤500 ohms.
[0047] The sum of R1-R4 and R6-R9 is made greater than R5 and R10 to meet the requirement of sampling current ≈ 5mA, and the sampling current of the entire circuit will not be affected by the large change in the resistance of R5 and R10.
[0048] Example 2
[0049] Embodiment 2 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that it also includes a housing, which is fixedly connected to the car, and a corresponding interface is reserved on the housing. The high-voltage contact module 1 and the automatic logic control module 2 are integrated in the housing and connected to the car power supply system through the reserved interface. This makes the entire system more compact, easy to install and maintain, and reduces the volume of the system through integrated design, making it suitable for various vehicle-mounted environments.
[0050] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that the technical means for solving the problems in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention can be used in combination to solve multiple technical problems at the same time. For those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system, characterized in that: It includes a high-voltage contact module for connecting a high-voltage bus and supplying power to electrical appliances, and an automatic logic control module for sampling the voltage at both ends of the high-voltage bus and controlling the high-voltage contact module to connect to supply power to the electrical appliances. The high-voltage contact module includes an input port for accessing the high-voltage end of the high-voltage bus, an output port for accessing the low-voltage end of the high-voltage bus, and a high-voltage pre-charging module. The high-voltage pre-charging module is equipped with a pre-charging bypass, and both ends of the pre-charging bypass are connected to the input port and the output port respectively; the automatic logic control module includes a voltage dividing circuit, a comparison control circuit, and a pre-charging logic control relay. The voltage dividing circuit includes a first voltage dividing device and a second voltage dividing device connected in series. The first voltage dividing device end is connected to the high-voltage end of the high-voltage bus, and the second voltage dividing device end is connected to the low-voltage end of the high-voltage bus. The voltage dividing coefficient of the second voltage dividing device is greater than the voltage dividing coefficient of the first voltage dividing device. The comparison control circuit It includes a voltage comparator, a logic circuit and a MOS tube. The voltage comparator includes a first collection port for collecting voltage information of a first voltage divider device, a second collection port for collecting voltage information of a second voltage divider device and an output port for comparing the collected voltages and outputting the comparison result. The logic circuit is a logic "AND" gate circuit including an output end and two input ends. One input end of the logic "AND" gate circuit is connected to a high-voltage enable signal, and the other input end of the logic "AND" gate circuit is connected to the output end of the voltage comparator. The output end of the logic "AND" gate circuit is connected to the MOS tube and can control the conduction or disconnection of the MOS tube through a logic output signal, thereby controlling whether the high-voltage contact module supplies power to the electrical appliance. The pre-charging logic control relay is electrically connected to the MOS tube and the pre-charging bypass and can cut off the connection between the pre-charging bypass and the input port or the output port according to the conduction of the MOS tube.
2. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-charge bypass includes a pre-charge current limiting resistor and a pre-charge contactor connected in series, and the high-voltage pre-charge module also includes a high-voltage contactor, which is connected in parallel with the pre-charge bypass. The Morse tube is electrically connected to the high-voltage contactor and the pre-charge logic control relay and can control the closing of the high-voltage contactor and the disconnection of the relay through the conduction of the Morse tube.
3. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A ground node is provided between the first voltage dividing device and the second voltage dividing device, and a terminal point potential between the first voltage dividing device and the second voltage dividing device is fixed to 0V through the ground node.
4. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first voltage dividing device includes a first pressure measuring resistor and a first current limiting unit connected in series, and the second voltage dividing device includes a second pressure measuring resistor and a second current limiting unit connected in series, the resistance of the first pressure measuring resistor is less than the resistance of the second pressure measuring resistor and the difference is less than or equal to 500Ω, the resistance of the first current limiting unit is greater than the first pressure measuring resistor, and the resistance of the second current limiting unit is greater than the second pressure measuring resistor.
5. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The comparison control circuit also includes a voltage limiting unit for limiting the voltage level of the logic circuit. The voltage limiting unit includes at least one voltage dividing resistor, and the voltage dividing resistor is electrically connected to the logic circuit.
6. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The automatic logic control module also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the comparison control circuit, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the comparison control circuit.
7. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power supply module includes a main power supply and a voltage dropper. The main power supply is electrically connected to the MOS tube and the voltage dropper to supply power. The voltage dropper converts the voltage provided by the main power supply into a VCC voltage and supplies power to the voltage comparator through the VCC voltage.
8. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first current limiting unit and the second current limiting unit both include a plurality of voltage-dividing resistors connected in series. The number of voltage-dividing resistors in the first current limiting unit and the second current limiting unit is the same or different, but the resistance value inside each of them can be set according to actual needs.
9. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage information collected by the first acquisition port is U-, and the voltage data collected by the second acquisition port is U+. When U+>U-, the output end of the voltage comparator outputs a high logic level input to the logic "AND" circuit and connects the enable signal with the upper high voltage. When the two input signals of the logic "AND" gate circuit meet the high logic level at the same time, the output end controls the Morse tube to turn on; when U+<U-, the output end of the voltage comparator outputs a low logic level input to the logic "AND" circuit and connects the enable signal with the upper high voltage. When the two input signals of the logic "AND" gate circuit do not meet the high logic level at the same time, the output end controls the Morse tube to turn on.
10. A high voltage pre-charge arc extinguishing control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a shell, in which the high-voltage contact module and the automatic logic control module are fixed, and the shell is fixedly connected to the car.