Power transmission line conductor wind load monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission line detection, and provides a power transmission line conductor wind load monitoring method and system.The method comprises the steps that Rayleigh scattering light signal demodulation equipment is arranged in a transformer substation machine room, a standby optical fiber in an optical fiber ground wire serves as a sensing medium, and a power transmission line is divided into a plurality of monitoring units; according to a Rayleigh backscattering principle, collecting a vibration signal of each monitoring unit; calculating wind load data of the wire of the power transmission line according to the vibration signal; calculating an accumulated damage index of the wire according to the wind load data; according to the accumulated damage index of the wire, determining a corresponding early warning grade value; and monitoring the wind load data according to the early warning grade value. The safety and reliability of the power transmission line can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transmission line detection, and in particular to a method, system and electronic equipment for monitoring wind load on conductors of a transmission line. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, during the operation of transmission lines, the conductors are affected by wind loads, so monitoring wind loads is crucial to ensure the safety and stability of the lines. At present, commonly used monitoring methods mainly include anemometers, strain gauges, and cable tension sensors. These devices collect data such as wind speed, conductor strain and tension in real time, and combine meteorological models and empirical formulas to estimate the wind load on the conductors. This method improves the safety of transmission lines to a certain extent and helps maintenance personnel to grasp the operating status of the lines in a timely manner.

[0003] However, traditional monitoring equipment often relies on local data collection and cannot fully reflect the wind load distribution of the entire transmission line. In addition, the maintenance and calibration requirements of the equipment also increase operating costs, and in extreme weather conditions, monitoring equipment may fail, resulting in missing or inaccurate data. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a method, system and electronic equipment for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor, which can improve the safety and reliability of the transmission line.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor, the method comprising:

[0007] A Rayleigh scattered light signal demodulation device is installed in the substation room, and the spare optical fiber in the optical fiber ground wire is used as the sensing medium to divide the transmission line into multiple monitoring units;

[0008] According to the Rayleigh backscattering principle, collecting the vibration signal of each monitoring unit;

[0009] Calculating wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal;

[0010] Calculating the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data;

[0011] Determining a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire;

[0012] The wind load data is monitored according to the value of the warning level.

[0013] Furthermore, collecting the vibration signal of each monitoring unit according to the Rayleigh backscattering principle includes:

[0014] Obtaining the spatial position, time, optical fiber attenuation signal coefficient, optical fiber sensitivity coefficient, and strain component of the monitoring unit;

[0015] Acquiring incident light power, vibration angular frequency, phase delay and noise component of incident light entering the monitoring unit;

[0016] The vibration signal is determined according to the correction coefficients of the strain component and the noise component, the spatial position of the monitoring unit, time, the optical fiber attenuation signal coefficient, the optical fiber sensitivity coefficient, the strain component, and the incident light power, vibration angular frequency, phase delay and noise component of the incident light; and the vibration signal is used as the optical fiber vibration response intensity.

[0017] Further, the calculating the wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal comprises:

[0018] Obtaining a spatial correction function of the spatial position of the monitoring unit and an optical fiber length of the monitoring unit;

[0019] Obtaining a mass coefficient, a damping coefficient, and a stiffness coefficient for calculating the wind load data;

[0020] According to the spatial correction function of the spatial position of the monitoring unit and the optical fiber length, as well as the mass coefficient, the damping coefficient and the stiffness coefficient, the optical fiber vibration response intensity is processed to obtain wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line.

[0021] Further, the calculating the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data includes:

[0022] Obtaining a material constant corresponding to the material of the conductor and a temperature influence coefficient of the influence of the ambient temperature on the damage accumulation of the conductor;

[0023] Obtaining the measured wind load collected by the monitoring unit in each time period and the critical wind load of the material of the conductor;

[0024] Obtaining the duration of the wind load acting on the conductor in each time period and the reference duration of the preset standard;

[0025] A weight coefficient characterizing the importance of each time period is obtained, and a cumulative damage index of the conductor is calculated according to the weight coefficient, the action duration, the reference duration, the measured wind load, the critical wind load, the material constant and the temperature influence coefficient.

[0026] Further, determining a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire includes:

[0027] obtaining a reference threshold for evaluating cumulative damage to the wire;

[0028] Obtaining a time scale coefficient and a daily variation coefficient of the conductor cumulative damage;

[0029] The reference threshold is processed according to the time scale coefficient, daily variation coefficient and cumulative damage index of the conductor cumulative damage to determine the warning level value.

[0030] Further, monitoring the wind load data according to the value of the warning level includes:

[0031] When 0≤W<0.3, the wind load data is determined to be in a normal state;

[0032] When 0.3≤W<0.6, the wind load data is determined to be in a general warning state;

[0033] When 0.6≤W<0.8, the wind load data is determined to be in an important warning state;

[0034] When W≥0.8, the wind load data is determined to be in a severe warning state;

[0035] Wherein, W is the warning level value.

[0036] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0037] The monitoring interface of the substation room displays in real time the wind load distribution diagram of the entire transmission line, the wind load time curve of key points, the cumulative damage index change trend and the warning level status.

[0038] The present invention also provides a transmission line conductor wind load monitoring system, the system comprising:

[0039] The line division module is used to set up Rayleigh scattered light signal demodulation equipment in the substation room, use the spare optical fiber in the optical fiber ground wire as the sensing medium, and divide the transmission line into multiple monitoring units;

[0040] A data acquisition module, used for collecting the vibration signal of each monitoring unit according to the Rayleigh backscattering principle;

[0041] A first calculation module, used to calculate wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal;

[0042] A second calculation module, used to calculate the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data;

[0043] A third calculation module, used to determine a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire;

[0044] The data monitoring module is used to monitor the wind load data according to the value of the warning level.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] (1) The present invention adopts distributed optical fiber sensing technology and uses spare optical fiber (optical fiber ground wire) as a sensing medium, so that the transmission line can realize continuous wind load monitoring throughout the entire line range, ensuring the comprehensiveness of monitoring. At the same time, optical fiber sensing has high sensitivity and resolution, and can capture real-time vibration information at different locations, making the wind load situation of the entire line visual, and improving the coverage and accuracy of safety monitoring.

[0047] (2) The present invention can continuously output accurate and real-time line wind load information by real-time monitoring of vibration signals and calculating wind load and damage index. This real-time performance can not only effectively track the line load conditions, but also respond quickly to sudden situations such as sudden changes in wind speed, timely assess the risks of the line, ensure the efficient transmission and processing of early warning signals, and improve the dynamic safety management level of transmission lines.

[0048] (3) The present invention effectively records the damage of the line under long-term wind load by calculating the cumulative damage index. It provides a scientific and quantitative basis for the health status of the line, helps to discover potential aging or damage trends, and provides decision support for equipment updates and line reinforcement. Long-term cumulative monitoring can also predict possible fatigue damage of the line, thereby optimizing the line maintenance plan, extending the equipment life and reducing the overall operation and maintenance cost.

[0049] In summary, the present invention realizes comprehensive, real-time and efficient monitoring of wind loads on transmission line conductors through distributed optical fiber sensing technology, effectively improves the safe operation level and maintenance efficiency of transmission lines, and provides technical support for the intelligent development of power grid systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 A scene diagram of a method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission line conductor wind load monitoring system provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a possible electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a scene diagram of a method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor provided by the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the terminal and the server are connected via a network, such as a wired or wireless network connection. The terminal may include but is not limited to portable terminals such as mobile phones and tablets installed with various network platform applications, as well as fixed terminals such as computers, query machines, and advertising machines. The server provides users with various business services, including service push servers, user recommendation servers, etc.

[0056] It should be noted that Figure 1 The scenario diagram of a method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor shown is merely an example. The terminal, server, and application scenario described in the embodiment of the present invention are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, and do not generate any limitation on the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention. A person of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate that, with the evolution of the system and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0057] Among them, the terminal can be used for:

[0058] A Rayleigh scattered light signal demodulation device is installed in the substation room, and the spare optical fiber in the optical fiber ground wire is used as the sensing medium to divide the transmission line into multiple monitoring units;

[0059] According to the Rayleigh backscattering principle, collecting the vibration signal of each monitoring unit;

[0060] Calculating wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal;

[0061] Calculating the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data;

[0062] Determining a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire;

[0063] The wind load data is monitored according to the value of the warning level.

[0064] See also Figure 2 , provides a flow chart of a method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0065] Step 201: A Rayleigh scattered light signal demodulation device is set in the substation room, the spare optical fiber in the optical fiber ground wire is used as a sensing medium, and the transmission line is divided into multiple monitoring units.

[0066] Rayleigh scattering is a phenomenon in which light signals are scattered due to the tiny structural inhomogeneities of optical fibers when they are transmitted in optical fibers. By demodulating the Rayleigh scattering signal, the tiny changes in the optical fiber vibration can be analyzed, and vibration information at different positions along the length of the optical fiber can be obtained. The demodulation device is responsible for receiving, demodulating and analyzing the Rayleigh scattering signal in the optical fiber to detect the vibration characteristics of the optical fiber. This device is centrally installed in the substation room, and the Rayleigh scattering signal transmitted by the optical fiber ground wire can be directly used to realize remote monitoring, which is not only conducive to the centralized maintenance and management of the equipment, but also avoids the impact of on-site installation on the line.

[0067] Fiber optic ground cable is an overhead ground wire containing optical fiber. It is widely used above power transmission lines. It can be used as a ground wire to prevent lightning strikes and for data communication. By using the spare optical fiber in the fiber optic ground cable as a sensing medium, there is no need to install additional sensor equipment on the transmission line. The vibration signal change information transmitted by this spare optical fiber can reflect the change of external wind load on the conductor, thereby effectively reducing the cost and maintenance difficulty of the system.

[0068] In order to monitor the wind load of the entire line, the entire transmission line is divided into several monitoring units, each of which is a fixed length of meters (the specific length is set according to application requirements). In each monitoring unit, the vibration signal of the optical fiber section is collected and analyzed to obtain the vibration information and wind load data of the location.

[0069] This segmented monitoring method has the following advantages:

[0070] Precise positioning: Since each monitoring unit corresponds to a specific position on the line, the system can quickly locate the specific area of ​​the line affected by wind load based on the unit number.

[0071] Real-time distributed monitoring: The multi-unit setting enables the system to obtain vibration signals at different locations in real time, forming a distributed wind load monitoring network.

[0072] Comprehensive coverage: Segmented monitoring covers the entire line, avoiding blind spots that may occur in traditional point-based monitoring.

[0073] The present invention realizes full-line, distributed wind load monitoring by centrally setting up Rayleigh scattering demodulation equipment in the substation room and combining the sensing medium function of the optical fiber ground wire spare optical fiber without adding additional line equipment. It not only reduces the complexity of line installation, but also improves data stability and transmission reliability, which is conducive to the safety management of transmission lines and the optimization of operation and maintenance costs.

[0074] Step 202: According to the Rayleigh backscattering principle, collect the vibration signal of each monitoring unit.

[0075] In some embodiments, step 202 may include:

[0076] Obtaining the spatial position, time, optical fiber attenuation signal coefficient, optical fiber sensitivity coefficient, and strain component of the monitoring unit;

[0077] Acquiring incident light power, vibration angular frequency, phase delay and noise component of incident light entering the monitoring unit;

[0078] The vibration signal is determined based on the correction coefficient used to adjust the strain component and the noise component, the spatial position of the monitoring unit, time, optical fiber attenuation signal coefficient, optical fiber sensitivity coefficient, strain component, and the incident light power, vibration angular frequency, phase delay and noise component of the incident light; and the vibration signal is used as the optical fiber vibration response intensity.

[0079] In some embodiments, the optical fiber vibration response intensity can be expressed as:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, R(x,t) is the intensity of the optical fiber vibration response, x is the spatial position, t is the time, α is the optical fiber sensitivity coefficient, β is the optical signal attenuation coefficient, P(t) is the incident light power, ω is the vibration angular frequency, is the phase delay, ∈(x, t) is the strain component, η(x, t) is the noise component, and γ is the correction coefficient.

[0082] In the specific implementation, the formula for the optical fiber vibration response intensity consists of two parts: the first part is the main signal component of the optical fiber response intensity, and the second part is the correction compensation term of strain and noise. The overall model combines factors such as spatial position, time, incident light power, and environmental noise to reflect the vibration response of the optical fiber under different conditions.

[0083] Part I: Main components of the optical fiber vibration response signal

[0084] α is the fiber sensitivity coefficient. This coefficient is used to quantify the sensitivity of the fiber to the vibration signal, that is, the response intensity of the fiber to the same vibration under different environments. The higher the sensitivity, the more significant the impact of the change of the vibration signal on R(x,t).

[0085] exp(-βx) is the optical signal attenuation factor. This term expresses the attenuation of the optical signal in the optical fiber in exponential form, where β is the attenuation coefficient, which represents the effect of the fiber length x on the signal strength. As the distance increases, the signal gradually attenuates. If the attenuation coefficient is high, the signal received in the area of ​​the optical fiber far away from the signal source will be weaker.

[0086] is the integrated response of the fiber vibration.

[0087] P(t) is the incident optical power, which indicates the intensity of light entering the optical fiber. The higher the optical power, the stronger the signal intensity.

[0088] ω is the vibration angular frequency, which reflects the periodic characteristics of the vibration signal. By adjusting the angular frequency, signals of different frequencies can be obtained, thereby capturing the responses of different characteristics of the optical fiber.

[0089] is the phase change term. The spatial phase delay fine-tunes the response at different locations to match the spatial distribution of the actual vibration.

[0090] This part integrates the vibration signal so that the signal strength is accumulated, thus being able to fully quantify the fiber vibration over a period of time.

[0091] Part II: Strain and Noise Compensation Correction

[0092] γ is the correction coefficient. This coefficient adjusts the compensation amount of strain and noise according to the actual situation, so that the signal more truly reflects the vibration under external conditions.

[0093] ∈(x,t) is the strain component, which represents the strain of the optical fiber at position x. It reflects the response of the optical fiber deformation caused by external loads (such as wind loads).

[0094] η(x,t) is the noise component, which indicates the inevitable noise in the signal. Noise usually comes from external environmental interference and the electronic noise of the system itself, which will affect the vibration signal.

[0095] is the synthetic response term. The actual strength of the correction signal is obtained by taking the square root of the sum of the squares of strain and noise to ensure that the influence of strain and noise on the signal is reasonably considered.

[0096] The present invention provides a dynamic model for optical fiber vibration response, taking into account the combined effects of optical fiber sensitivity, optical signal attenuation, external vibration frequency, spatial position change, and environmental strain and noise. The model can more accurately calculate the intensity of vibration response in the optical fiber, providing a reliable data basis for subsequent wind load monitoring and risk assessment.

[0097] Step 203: Calculate wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal.

[0098] In some embodiments, step 203 may include:

[0099] Obtaining a spatial correction function of the spatial position of the monitoring unit and an optical fiber length of the monitoring unit;

[0100] Obtaining a mass coefficient, a damping coefficient, and a stiffness coefficient for calculating the wind load data;

[0101] According to the spatial correction function of the spatial position of the monitoring unit and the optical fiber length, as well as the mass coefficient, the damping coefficient and the stiffness coefficient, the optical fiber vibration response intensity is processed to obtain wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line.

[0102] In some embodiments, the wind load data of the conductors of the transmission line may be expressed as:

[0103]

[0104] Wherein, μ is the mass coefficient, θ(x) is the spatial correction function, λ is the damping coefficient, ξ is the stiffness coefficient, σ is the nonlinear correction coefficient, R is the optical fiber vibration response intensity, and L is the optical fiber length of the monitoring unit.

[0105] In the specific implementation, this formula is used to estimate the wind load on the transmission line at different positions x and times t. The accuracy of wind load estimation depends on the analysis of the optical fiber vibration response, that is, the force of wind on the line is derived by combining different physical parameters with the measured vibration signal R and its rate of change and acceleration.

[0106] μ is the mass factor, which is used to adjust the unit measurement of wind load so that the estimated wind load conforms to the actual unit. This factor is determined based on the mass of the conductor of the transmission line and the physical characteristics of its vibration response, ensuring that the calculation of wind load conforms to the real physical response characteristics of the conductor.

[0107] θ(x) is a spatial correction function that varies with location. Since wind loads are unevenly distributed along the transmission line and conductors at different locations may be subject to different wind loads, θ(x) can adjust the response at different locations to make wind load estimation more accurate. This function is usually related to the actual geometric layout of the line and terrain factors to capture the physical characteristics of the line at a specific location.

[0108] Second-order time derivative of optical fiber vibration response intensity This term represents the acceleration of the optical fiber vibration response intensity, reflecting the rapid change of the line vibration signal. Generally, the greater the acceleration, the greater the wind load on the line may be, so more sensitive vibration information can be captured through the second-order derivative. This term is combined with the spatial correction function θ(x) as the main part of the model to estimate the effect of dynamic wind load on the conductor.

[0109] Damping coefficient λ and first-order time derivative of response strength This item is used to characterize the energy dissipation characteristics of the system, that is, the energy loss caused by factors such as air resistance or conductor self-damping during the vibration of the line. The stronger the damping effect, the faster the vibration of the line will decay, and the corresponding wind load impact will also be reduced.

[0110] It is the velocity component of the fiber vibration response intensity, indicating the rate of change of vibration. The velocity component reflects the changing trend of vibration. Wind load usually leads to higher vibration rate. The damping term is used to estimate the effect of wind load at different vibration speeds to ensure the adjustment of wind load estimation when the vibration changes drastically.

[0111] Stiffness coefficient ξ. This item is used to characterize the stiffness characteristics of the line material and reflects the ability of the conductor to resist deformation under wind load. The larger the stiffness coefficient, the more the material can resist deformation, and the corresponding wind load effect is reduced.

[0112] The R optical fiber vibration response intensity itself indicates the vibration state of the line at a certain position and time. Combined with the stiffness coefficient, the direct impact of wind load on the conductor can be obtained. The larger the response intensity R, the greater the force on the conductor.

[0113] Nonlinear correction factor. This factor is used to adjust for nonlinear changes in wind load, especially the magnitude of wind load changes at different locations along the line. In cases where wind loads vary dramatically with location, the nonlinear correction factor enables the model to more accurately reflect the load differences at different locations.

[0114] This item represents the oscillating change of the position along the line. The sine function simulates the periodic change along the line and reflects the distribution law of the wind load on the line. L is the length of the monitoring unit. By taking the absolute value and exponential function processing, the load that changes with the position is smoother and closer to the actual stress condition of the line.

[0115] The present invention simulates the dynamic response of each point on the transmission line under wind load by combining different order change rates (acceleration, velocity) of optical fiber vibration response with physical parameters such as stiffness, damping, and mass. The introduced spatial and nonlinear corrections make the estimated wind load more consistent with the actual force distribution of the transmission line.

[0116] Step 204: Calculate the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data.

[0117] In some embodiments, step 204 may include:

[0118] Obtaining a material constant corresponding to the material of the conductor and a temperature influence coefficient of the influence of the ambient temperature on the damage accumulation of the conductor;

[0119] Obtaining the measured wind load collected by the monitoring unit in each time period and the critical wind load of the material of the conductor;

[0120] Obtaining the duration of the wind load acting on the conductor in each time period and the reference duration of the preset standard;

[0121] A weight coefficient characterizing the importance of each time period is obtained, and a cumulative damage index of the conductor is calculated according to the weight coefficient, the action duration, the reference duration, the measured wind load, the critical wind load, the material constant and the temperature influence coefficient.

[0122] In some embodiments, the cumulative damage index is expressed as:

[0123]

[0124] Where D is the cumulative damage index, ψ i is the weight coefficient, F i is the measured wind load in the ith period, F c is the critical wind load, m is the material constant, k is the temperature influence coefficient, T i is the duration of wind load in the ith period, T 0 For reference duration.

[0125] In the specific implementation, in this solution, the cumulative damage index D represents the accumulated damage of the transmission line conductor after experiencing wind loads in multiple time periods. The larger the value, the more serious the cumulative damage of the line, which may be close to or exceed the safe service life of the material. This index accumulates the amount of damage in each period of time to obtain the total amount of damage to the material or structure, and then evaluates the health status of the line.

[0126] ψ i is the weight coefficient, which is used to characterize the relative importance of the i-th monitoring time period. Different time periods may have different effects on damage due to factors such as environmental conditions and line load changes. The weight coefficient can adjust the contribution of each time period to the cumulative damage. For example, when the wind speed fluctuates greatly or the ambient temperature is high during a period of time, the weight coefficient can be appropriately increased to more accurately reflect the damage impact of the time period.

[0127] F i It represents the actual wind load monitored in the i-th period. It reflects the actual external force acting on the conductor during this period. c Indicates the critical wind load of the conductor material, that is, the maximum wind load that the material or structure can withstand under normal use conditions. Exceeding this critical value will cause excessive stress on the material, which may cause damage or permanent deformation.

[0128] Wind load ratio It is the core part of calculating damage. When the measured wind load approaches or exceeds the critical wind load, the damage index increases significantly, indicating that the line is subjected to high stress and has a greater impact on the cumulative damage.

[0129] The material constant m is an exponential parameter determined by the fatigue characteristics of the conductor material, which is used to characterize the damage accumulation law of the material under repeated loads. For different materials, the m value is different and is usually obtained through experiments. The larger the material constant, the more sensitive the material is to wind loads; for conductor materials, the m value reflects the damage growth rate under different wind load ratios.

[0130] The temperature influence coefficient k characterizes the effect of ambient temperature on damage accumulation. At higher or lower temperatures, the mechanical properties of the material will change, thus affecting its damage rate. The higher or lower the temperature, the more susceptible the material may be to fatigue damage. The effect of different temperatures on the cumulative damage of the material is adjusted by k, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the calculation results.

[0131] T i Indicates the duration of the action of the i-th time period. The longer the wind load acts, the greater the cumulative damage to the conductor. 0 As a reference time constant, a standard time period value is usually taken to normalize the damage in different time periods.

[0132] Temperature influence part Expressed as an exponential function, the effect of temperature on damage is gradually accumulated over time, and this cumulative effect is adjusted as the temperature changes. This item is used to standardize the common influencing factors of time and temperature so that the damage value can be consistent in different monitoring periods.

[0133] The cumulative damage index formula combines factors such as wind load conditions, temperature, and material properties in each monitoring period, so that the damage value of each period has a specific weight and adjustment factor when accumulated. The calculation of the cumulative damage index D provides a quantitative basis for evaluating the long-term reliability of transmission lines, performing regular maintenance, and predicting line life, which helps to discover potential structural risks in advance and formulate reasonable maintenance and safety assurance plans.

[0134] Step 205: Determine a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire.

[0135] In some embodiments, step 205 may include:

[0136] obtaining a reference threshold for evaluating cumulative damage to the wire;

[0137] Obtaining a time scale coefficient and a daily variation coefficient of the conductor cumulative damage;

[0138] The reference threshold is processed according to the time scale coefficient, daily variation coefficient and cumulative damage index of the conductor cumulative damage to determine the warning level value.

[0139] In some embodiments, the warning level value is expressed as:

[0140]

[0141] Among them, W is the warning level value, ρ is the benchmark threshold, τ is the time scale coefficient, δ is the daily variation coefficient, and D is the cumulative damage index.

[0142] In the specific implementation, W is the wind load warning level calculated based on the current monitoring status, indicating the real-time safety status of the line. The higher the value, the greater the risk, the higher the warning level, and the closer attention and possible corresponding measures need to be taken. By dynamically calculating W, the system can respond quickly according to the actual status of the line and environmental conditions.

[0143] ρ is the baseline threshold of the early warning system, which is used to determine the basic level of the early warning level. This value is usually set according to the line safety design and risk management requirements, providing an initial reference standard for the early warning level value. In the formula, ρ plays the role of benchmarking subsequent changes to ensure that the calculated early warning level is suitable for the safety requirements of the line.

[0144] τ is the time scale coefficient. This coefficient controls the degree of influence of cumulative damage on the warning level. Generally speaking, when the line is subjected to wind load for a long time or experiences multiple high loads, the cumulative damage D will increase, resulting in an upward trend of W. By adjusting the value of τ, the weight of cumulative damage in the calculation of the warning level can be controlled, thereby affecting the speed and magnitude of the change of the warning level.

[0145] exp(-D) is the negative exponent of the cumulative damage index. As the cumulative damage D increases, the exponential value exp(-D) decreases, so 1+τ·exp(-D) gradually approaches the reference value ρ, reflecting the gradual deterioration of the line safety status. That is, when the cumulative damage increases, the warning level will gradually increase as the line damage increases.

[0146] δ is the daily variation coefficient. This coefficient is used to control the periodic fluctuation of the warning level with the daytime to adapt to the changes in wind load at different times of the day. By properly adjusting the value of δ, the impact of wind speed differences at different times on the warning level can be simulated.

[0147] It is a daily period function. This item is in the form of a cosine function with a period of 24 hours to reflect the changing pattern of wind speed and wind load during the day. For example, wind speed is usually higher during the day and relatively lower at night. Incorporating the time period into the calculation can make the change of warning level over time more in line with the actual environmental changes.

[0148] The term varies between 1-δ and 1+δ, and fluctuates sinusoidally with time t. In this way, the warning level can be higher during the day and lower at night, making the system more sensitive to the peak of daytime wind load, thereby improving the accuracy of the warning.

[0149] The present invention sets the basic warning level through a benchmark threshold, reflects the damage effect of long-term wind load through a cumulative damage index, and periodically adjusts the wind load characteristics of different time periods through a daily variation function and a time scale coefficient, so that the calculated warning level can comprehensively reflect the current safety status and potential risks of the line, thereby facilitating the power grid system to take dynamic response measures.

[0150] Step 206: Monitor the wind load data according to the warning level value.

[0151] In some embodiments, when 0≤W<0.3, the wind load data is determined to be in a normal state; when 0.3≤W<0.6, the wind load data is determined to be in a general warning state; when 0.6≤W<0.8, the wind load data is determined to be in an important warning state; when W≥0.8, the wind load data is determined to be in a serious warning state, wherein W is the warning level value.

[0152] In some embodiments, the wind load distribution diagram of the entire transmission line, the wind load time curve of key points, the cumulative damage index change trend and the warning level status of the transmission line are displayed in real time in the monitoring interface of the substation room.

[0153] The distribution map shows the wind load conditions at different locations on the entire transmission line, visually presenting the real-time wind load size borne by each monitoring unit (usually a line section divided at specific intervals). The full line wind load distribution map enables operation and maintenance personnel to intuitively see the load conditions in each area of ​​the line and quickly identify areas with greater stress or abnormal sections. Through this distribution map, the system can promptly locate locations where wind loads are more concentrated, which helps to carry out targeted inspections and maintenance, thereby ensuring line safety.

[0154] The key point wind load time history curve is a chart of the wind load changes over time for a specific location (or multiple locations). The curve shows how the wind load at the key location fluctuates at different time points. The wind load time history curve provides dynamic information about wind load changes, helping operation and maintenance personnel analyze the fluctuation characteristics and trends of wind loads over time. By observing these curves, the system can identify situations where the wind load changes dramatically in a short period of time, indicating possible sudden risks. The time history curve can also be used to determine the periodic change characteristics of wind loads, thereby optimizing the operation strategy and maintenance plan of the line.

[0155] The cumulative damage index trend chart shows the degree of damage accumulated by the line under long-term wind load. The index is obtained through a series of calculations, combining factors such as line material stress, temperature changes and vibration. The cumulative damage index is an important parameter reflecting the health status of the line. Its trend chart shows the cumulative damage of the line under long-term operation, helping operation and maintenance personnel to understand whether the line is within the safe operation range. If the damage index continues to rise and approaches the warning threshold, the system can issue a reminder in advance, prompting the operation and maintenance personnel to take preventive measures, thereby extending the service life of the line and reducing the occurrence of potential failures.

[0156] The warning level status is a risk level generated based on real-time data and cumulative damage, reflecting the current safety status of the line. Warning levels are usually marked with colors, numbers or text, and divided into multiple levels (such as low, medium, and high) for quick identification. The warning level status provides the immediate safety level of the line through a comprehensive analysis of real-time monitoring data. Through this grading system, operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively understand the real-time risk level of the line, which facilitates rapid response in high-risk conditions. The warning level status helps to establish a rapid risk identification and response mechanism, and improves the ability to respond to sudden wind load events.

[0157] The above information is integrated and displayed on the monitoring interface of the substation room, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can have a clear view of the wind load status, accumulated damage and warning status of the transmission line. This integrated monitoring method improves the comprehensiveness and real-time nature of monitoring, helps to timely discover and respond to abnormal conditions of the line, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the transmission line. At the same time, these visual information provides a scientific basis for maintenance decisions and improves the efficiency and reliability of operation management.

[0158] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a transmission line conductor wind load monitoring system provided by the present invention.

[0159] like Figure 3 As shown, a transmission line conductor wind load monitoring system proposed in an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0160] The line division module 301 is used to set up a Rayleigh scattered light signal demodulation device in the substation room, use the spare optical fiber in the optical fiber ground wire as a sensing medium, and divide the transmission line into multiple monitoring units;

[0161] A data acquisition module 302 is used to collect the vibration signal of each monitoring unit according to the Rayleigh backscattering principle;

[0162] A first calculation module 303, used to calculate wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal;

[0163] A second calculation module 304 is used to calculate the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data;

[0164] A third calculation module 305 is used to determine a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire;

[0165] The data monitoring module 306 is used to monitor the wind load data according to the value of the warning level.

[0166] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device 400, including a memory 410, a processor 420, and a computer program 411 stored in the memory 410 and executable on the processor 420. When the processor 420 executes the computer program 411, the following steps are implemented:

[0167] A Rayleigh scattered light signal demodulation device is installed in the substation room, and the spare optical fiber in the optical fiber ground wire is used as the sensing medium to divide the transmission line into multiple monitoring units;

[0168] According to the Rayleigh backscattering principle, collecting the vibration signal of each monitoring unit;

[0169] Calculating wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal;

[0170] Calculating the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data;

[0171] Determining a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire;

[0172] The wind load data is monitored according to the value of the warning level.

[0173] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may provide methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor, characterized in that: The method comprises: A Rayleigh scattered light signal demodulation device is installed in the substation room, and the spare optical fiber in the optical fiber ground wire is used as the sensing medium to divide the transmission line into multiple monitoring units; According to the Rayleigh backscattering principle, collecting the vibration signal of each monitoring unit; Calculating wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal; Calculating the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data; Determining a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire; The wind load data is monitored according to the value of the warning level.

2. A method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting of the vibration signal of each monitoring unit according to the Rayleigh backscattering principle includes: Obtaining the spatial position, time, optical signal attenuation coefficient, optical fiber sensitivity coefficient, and strain component of the monitoring unit; Acquiring incident light power, vibration angular frequency, phase delay and noise component of incident light entering the monitoring unit; The vibration signal is determined according to the correction coefficients of the strain component and the noise component, the spatial position of the monitoring unit, time, the optical fiber attenuation signal coefficient, the optical fiber sensitivity coefficient, the strain component, and the incident light power, vibration angular frequency, phase delay and noise component of the incident light; and the vibration signal is used as the optical fiber vibration response intensity.

3. A method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Calculating wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal includes: Obtaining a spatial correction function of the spatial position of the monitoring unit and an optical fiber length of the monitoring unit; Obtaining a mass coefficient, a damping coefficient, and a stiffness coefficient for calculating the wind load data; According to the spatial correction function of the spatial position of the monitoring unit and the optical fiber length, as well as the mass coefficient, the damping coefficient and the stiffness coefficient, the optical fiber vibration response intensity is processed to obtain wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line.

4. A method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculating the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data includes: Obtaining a material constant corresponding to the material of the conductor and a temperature influence coefficient of the influence of the ambient temperature on the damage accumulation of the conductor; Obtaining the measured wind load collected by the monitoring unit in each time period and the critical wind load of the material of the conductor; Obtaining the duration of the wind load acting on the conductor in each time period and the reference duration of the preset standard; A weight coefficient characterizing the importance of each time period is obtained, and a cumulative damage index of the conductor is calculated according to the weight coefficient, the action duration, the reference duration, the measured wind load, the critical wind load, the material constant and the temperature influence coefficient.

5. A method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of determining a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire includes: Obtaining baseline thresholds for assessing cumulative lead damage; Obtaining a time scale coefficient and a daily variation coefficient of the conductor cumulative damage; The reference threshold is processed according to the time scale coefficient, daily variation coefficient and cumulative damage index of the conductor cumulative damage to determine the warning level value.

6. A method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The monitoring of the wind load data according to the value of the warning level includes: When 0≤W<0.3, the wind load data is determined to be in a normal state; When 0.3≤W<0.6, the wind load data is determined to be in a general warning state; When 0.6≤W<0.8, the wind load data is determined to be in an important warning state; When W≥0.8, the wind load data is determined to be in a severe warning state; Wherein, W is the warning level value.

7. A method for monitoring wind load on a transmission line conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The monitoring interface of the substation room displays in real time the wind load distribution diagram of the entire transmission line, the wind load time curve of key points, the cumulative damage index change trend and the warning level status.

8. A transmission line conductor wind load monitoring system, the system implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system comprises: The line division module is used to set up Rayleigh scattered light signal demodulation equipment in the substation room, use the spare optical fiber in the optical fiber ground wire as the sensing medium, and divide the transmission line into multiple monitoring units; A data acquisition module, used for collecting the vibration signal of each monitoring unit according to the Rayleigh backscattering principle; A first calculation module, used to calculate wind load data of the conductor of the transmission line according to the vibration signal; A second calculation module, used to calculate the cumulative damage index of the conductor according to the wind load data; A third calculation module, used to determine a corresponding warning level value according to the cumulative damage index of the wire; The data monitoring module is used to monitor the wind load data according to the value of the warning level.

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