Deepwater automatic water and mud sampling equipment and water and mud sampling method

Abstract

The invention relates to automatic deepwater sampling and mud sampling equipment and a water sampling and mud sampling method. The equipment comprises a water sampling pipe, and a data detector, a positioning signal transmitter, a mud sampler and a direction controller which are arranged on the water sampling pipe. The water collecting pipe is used for collecting water, the data detector is used for detecting data such as water temperature, the positioning signal transmitter is used for transmitting position information, the mud collector is used for collecting mud samples, and the direction controller is used for controlling the movement direction of equipment. The method comprises the following steps: collecting bottom mud samples and water samples at different depths; by collecting a deep water sample and a deep water mud sample, an original material is provided for researching the deep water quality and the mud sample, and a strong driving force is provided for the development of scientific research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to deepwater automatic water and mud mining equipment and a water and mud mining method, belonging to the technical field of deepwater water and mud mining equipment. Background Art

[0002] The development of deepwater multi-layer automated water and mud sampling equipment first stems from the urgent need for water quality and mud quality monitoring. Since deepwater areas are usually far away from land, traditional collection methods such as manual diving sampling are not only inefficient but also pose safety risks. In addition, the ecosystem in deepwater areas is relatively fragile. Once polluted, the recovery period is long, so the monitoring of water quality and mud quality needs to be more timely and accurate.

[0003] Secondly, the development of deepwater multi-layer automated water and mud sampling equipment is also an inevitable trend of scientific and technological progress. With the continuous development of robotics, automation control technology, sensor technology and other fields, it provides strong technical support for the development of deepwater sampling equipment. By combining these advanced technologies, the equipment can realize autonomous navigation, precise positioning, automatic sampling, real-time data transmission and other functions, thereby greatly improving sampling efficiency and accuracy.

[0004] In addition, the development of deepwater multi-layer automated water and mud mining equipment will also help promote the development of related industries. With the continuous improvement of equipment and the expansion of its application scope, it will drive the development of related industrial chains, including equipment manufacturing, data analysis, environmental monitoring and other fields, forming a virtuous circle.

[0005] However, there are still certain technical bottlenecks in my country's deep-water multi-layer automated water and mud sampling equipment. Most existing equipment can only collect water and mud samples in shallow waters, and it is still difficult to sample deep water areas, and the development of multi-depth water collection equipment is limited. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a deep-water automatic water and mud mining equipment and a water and mud mining method, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0007] A deepwater automatic water and mud sampling device comprises a water sampling pipe (6) and a mud sampler (13). The water sampling pipe (6) is in the shape of a circular tube with sealed ends. The interior of the water sampling pipe (6) is divided into a plurality of cavities. Each cavity is provided with a valve core (14) through which the cavity is punched and water is sampled. The mud sampler (13) is arranged at one end of the water sampling pipe (6). The mud sampler (13) is in the shape of a cone with a round head as a whole. A plurality of mud sampling holes are arranged around the periphery. A mud sampling plate (23) is arranged in each mud sampling hole. The mud sampling plate (23) blocks the mud sampling hole. When the mud sampler (13) lands on the bottom mud under deep water, the mud sampling plate (23) pops open and the bottom mud enters the mud sampler (13). When the mud sampler (13) rises and leaves the bottom mud under deep water, the mud sampling plate (23) closes the mud sampling hole and seals the collected bottom mud in the mud sampler (13).

[0008] A group of symmetrical wings (5) are arranged outside the water sampling pipe (6), and the wings (5) are close to the mud sampler (13). The mud sampler (13) is filled with water, so that the mud sampler (13) can penetrate into the bottom mud downward under water.

[0009] Furthermore, a direction controller (12) is arranged between the water sampling pipe (6) and the mud sampling device (13). The direction controller (12) is in the shape of a circular tube, and a motor (30) is arranged at the center. The output shaft of the motor (30) is connected to a connecting rod through a reducer, and a metal ball (19) is fixed at the end of the connecting rod. The position where the metal ball (19) stays in the direction controller (12) is controlled by the motor (30).

[0010] Furthermore, a water pumping device (29) is also provided in the direction controller (12) and the mud sampler (13), and the water pumping device (29) includes a water pumping device (21) provided in the direction controller (12), and the water pumping device (21) is located below the motor (30). A sealed cavity is formed between the water pumping device (21) and the inner wall of the direction controller (12), which is a water storage chamber. The water pumping device (21) is connected to a water pumping pipe (31), and the water pumping pipe (31) extends out from the bottom of the mud sampler (13).

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the mud collecting plate (23) is hinged to the mud collecting device (13) at the mud collecting hole, and the opposite end thereof is hinged to one end of a support rod (27), and the other end of the support rod (27) is connected to an iron sheet (32) fixed to a suction water pipe (31), and a mud collecting spring (33) is sleeved on the suction water pipe (31) between the iron sheet (32) and the direction controller (12);

[0012] One end of the suction water pipe (31) connected to the direction controller (12) is connected to a section of hose (28) or a coaxial sleeve. When the mud collecting spring (33) is in a relaxed state, the mud collecting plate (23) is in a closed state. When the suction water pipe (31) is squeezed inward from the outside of the mud collecting device (13), the iron sheet (32) moves synchronously with the suction water pipe (31) toward the direction controller (12), the connecting end of the support rod (27) and the iron sheet (32) is displaced, and the connecting end of the support rod (27) and the mud collecting plate (23) is displaced, so that the mud collecting plate (23) is pushed outward. When the suction water pipe (31) is released, the mud collecting spring (33), the support rod (27) and the mud collecting plate (23) are all reset, and the mud collecting plate (23) closes the mud collecting hole.

[0013] The end of the suction water pipe (31) is connected to a bottom plate (38) via a plurality of connecting rods (39); the bottom plate (38) and the end of the suction water pipe (31) are not in contact, and a space is reserved.

[0014] Furthermore, the valve core (14) comprises a valve tube (34) in the shape of a circular tube, a spring (17) is axially arranged inside the valve tube (34), one end of the spring (17) is fixed to the outer wall of the water sampling tube (6), and the other end is provided with a baffle (15), the channel between the baffle (15) and the end of the valve tube (34) is called a water inlet pipe (22), the aperture of the water inlet pipe (22) is smaller than the diameter of the baffle (15), and the baffle (15) can seal and block the water inlet pipe (22);

[0015] A pressurizing hole (18) is provided on the side wall of the valve tube (34). The pressurizing hole (18) is close to the water sampling pipe (6) and is connected to the space between the baffle plate (15) and the water sampling pipe (6) for accommodating the spring (17). A transverse plate (25) is provided on the opposite side of the pressurizing hole (18). A blocking switch (24) is provided on the transverse plate (25). The blocking switch (24) is in a triangular shape, with one side facing the water sampling pipe (6) being parallel to the water sampling pipe (6) and one side facing the water inlet pipe (22) being an inclined surface. The blocking switch (24) blocks the spring from moving toward the baffle plate (15).

[0016] A gap is reserved between the transverse plate (25) and the inner wall of the valve tube (34) to form an air passage; a gap (37) is reserved between the transverse plate (25) and the section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6); the gap (37) is smaller than the thickness of the baffle (15); when the baffle (15) moves to fit the section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6), the baffle (15) blocks the gap (37) reserved by the transverse plate (25);

[0017] The blocking switch (24) is connected to a controller (34), and the controller (34) controls the blocking switch (24) to rotate, releases the blocking of the spring (17), and allows the spring (17) to pop out toward the baffle (15).

[0018] Furthermore, a groove is provided inside the outward side of the transverse plate (25), and a spring plate (35) is provided in the groove. The spring plate (35) is connected to the controller (34) and performs an action simultaneously with the blocking switch (24). When the blocking switch (24) is released, the spring plate (35) pops out and contacts the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6).

[0019] Furthermore, the wing (5) is in the shape of a flat rectangular body with a hollow interior, and the flat surface is parallel to the axial direction of the water sampling pipe (6). A flat semicircular shape that penetrates the interior of the rectangular body is provided on the side of each wing (5) facing the iron fixture (10); each wing (5) is provided with a pressurized drainer (23), and the pressurized drainer (23) is located in the semicircular shape of each wing (5). Water is filled or drained in the wing (5) through the pressurized drainer (23), and the volume of the wing (5) is greater than the volume of the water sampling pipe (6).

[0020] Furthermore, a tail wing (4) is provided outside the water sampling pipe (6), and one end of the tail wing (4) connected to the water sampling pipe (6) is in the shape of a rectangular body with a square or rectangular cross-section, and the end of the tail wing (4) is curved in an arc in a direction away from the iron fixture (10).

[0021] Furthermore, the outer wall of the water sampling pipe (6) is provided with a positioning signal transmitter (8) and a data detector (9);

[0022] The outer wall of the water sampling pipe (6) is provided with a plurality of iron rods (7) and spring rods (16).

[0023] The water and mud collection method based on the above-mentioned deep-water automatic water and mud collection equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Calculate the water pressure at the required water extraction depth and the pressure to be added to the valve core, and add corresponding water to the wings (5) and the water suction device (29) on both sides according to the required water extraction amount, so that the equipment can sink into the water;

[0025] Step 2: using a pressurizing device to pressurize the pressurizing hole (18) of the valve core (14), and after the pressurization is completed, closing the pressurizing hole (18), so that the baffle (15) inside the valve core (14) is closely attached to the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6), and the diameter of the baffle (15) is larger than the diameter of the water inlet pipe (22), and the thickness of the baffle (15) is larger than the gap (37) reserved by the horizontal plate (25), and the baffle (15) blocks the valve core (14);

[0026] Step 3: Each valve core is filled with air pressure corresponding to the water extraction depth;

[0027] Step 4: Arrive at the designated area and place the device into the water. Initially, gravity is greater than buoyancy, and the device sinks. During the sinking process, the mud collector (13) of the device is facing downward.

[0028] Step 5: Before the equipment reaches the specified depth, the wings start to drain water to reduce the gravity of the deep-water automatic water sampling equipment, slowing down its descent speed and allowing it to reach the desired height stably;

[0029] Step 6: Under the action of the air pressure inside the valve core and the water pressure outside the water sampling pipe (6), the baffle plate (15) inside the valve core is in a force-balanced state. Under the action of the spring, the baffle plate moves toward the inside of the valve core. At this time, water enters the water sampling pipe through the gap, and the water sampling pipe begins to collect water samples at a specified depth. While the water sampling pipe collects water, the wings on both sides simultaneously drain water to ensure that the equipment is force-balanced and can collect water at a specified depth.

[0030] Step 7: Data detector and positioning signal transmitter, obtain water temperature, water pressure, location information and transmit the signal to the satellite;

[0031] Step 8: When the water collection is completed, the controller controls the blocking switch (24) to release, and the baffle (15) is pressed against the water inlet pipe (22) under the action of the spring, playing the role of closed storage, and at the same time the spring moves to close the water inlet pipe;

[0032] Step 9: The wings on both sides stop draining water or absorb water into the wings (5) through the pressurized drainer (26), so that the gravity of the device is greater than the buoyancy, and the device continues to descend;

[0033] Step 10: The device descends further to the next specified depth, and steps 4 to 9 are repeated until all water samples are collected;

[0034] Step 11: the equipment sinks to the bottom of the water, the mud sampler (13) is embedded in the bottom mud, the suction pipe (31) is squeezed toward the inside of the mud sampler (13), the iron sheet (32) moves synchronously with the suction pipe (31) toward the direction controller (12), the connecting end of the support rod (27) and the iron sheet (32) is displaced, the connecting end of the support rod (27) and the mud sampling plate (23) is displaced, and the mud sampling plate (23) is pushed outward; the bottom mud is thin and soft, and flows into the mud sampling hole and enters the mud sampler (13); after the mud sampling is completed, the wing starts to drain water to reduce the gravity of the equipment, and the equipment floats up and leaves the bottom mud. The end of the suction pipe (31) is ejected from the mud sampler (13) by the mud sampling spring (33), the support rod (27) and the mud sampling plate (23) are reset, the mud sampling plate (23) closes the mud sampling hole, and the bottom mud in the mud sampler is sealed;

[0035] Step 12: After the equipment has collected the mud sample, the wing continues to drain water, making the buoyancy of the equipment greater than the gravity, and the equipment floats up;

[0036] Step 13: The equipment floats to the surface and is recovered.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] The present invention can realize the collection of water samples at a water sampling depth of 50-1000 meters, as well as the collection of bottom mud.

[0039] The deepwater automatic water and mud sampling equipment disclosed in the present invention is applicable to deepwater areas and has the characteristics of high efficiency, accuracy, and multi-layer automation. It has important practical significance and application prospects for improving the level of water quality and mud quality monitoring in my country.

[0040] The present invention can provide more efficient, accurate and safe deep-water sampling equipment, provide strong support for water quality and mud quality monitoring, promote the sustainable development of ecological environment protection, and is of great significance to protecting the ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the working process of the valve core of the device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mud collecting process status of the mud collecting device of the equipment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of the mud collecting process state of the mud collecting device of the equipment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the position of the pressurized drainer in the wing of the device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the spring rod structure of the device of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the connection status of the suction water pipe and the base plate of the present invention.

[0048] List of reference numerals: 1—rope hole, 2—cover, 3—hand ring, 4—tail, 5—wing, 6—water sampling tube, 7—iron rod, 8—positioning signal transmitter, 9—data detector, 10—iron fixer, 11—spring rod switch, 12—direction controller, 13—mud sampler, 14—valve core, 15—baffle, 16—spring rod, 17—spring, 18—pressurization hole, 19—metal ball, 20— —Hollow pipe, 21—water pump, 22—water inlet pipe, 23—mud collecting plate, 24—blocking switch, 25—cross plate, 26—pressure drainer, 27—support rod, 28—hose, 29—water pumping device, 30—motor, 31—water pumping pipe, 32—iron sheet, 33—mud collecting spring, 34—controller, 35—spring plate, 36—water storage chamber, 37—gap, 38—bottom plate, 39—connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention mainly includes: a mud sampler 13, a water sampling pipe 6 and a direction controller 12.

[0051] The water sampling pipe 6 is a round tube with sealed ends, and the interior is divided into a plurality of cavities, each of which is provided with a valve core 14, through which the cavity is punched and water is sampled. Figure 1 , one end of the water sampling tube 6 is closed with a cover 2, and the other end is closed with an iron fixture 12. The cover can be an iron cover, which is screwed and fixed, or plugged with a plug threaded connection. It can also be connected by metal thermal expansion. In order to collect water samples of various depths in one launch, the water sampling tube 6 is divided into multiple independent cavities, each cavity collects water independently, and the water samples of corresponding pressure and water depth are collected by punching different air pressures in the valve core 14.

[0052] See also Figure 2 The specific structure of the valve core is as follows: the valve core 14 includes a valve tube 34 in the shape of a circular tube, a spring 17 is axially arranged in the valve tube 34, one end of the spring 17 is fixed to the outer wall of the water collection pipe 6, and the other end is provided with a baffle 15, and the channel between the baffle 15 and the end of the valve tube 34 is called the water inlet pipe 22, the aperture of the water inlet pipe 22 is smaller than the diameter of the baffle 15, and the baffle 15 can seal and block the water inlet pipe 22.

[0053] A pressurizing hole 18 is provided on the side wall of the valve tube 34. The pressurizing hole 18 is close to the water sampling pipe 6 and is connected to the space between the baffle 15 and the water sampling pipe 6 for accommodating the spring 17. A horizontal plate 25 is provided on the opposite side of the pressurizing hole 18, and a blocking switch 24 is provided on the horizontal plate 25. The blocking switch 24 is triangular in shape, with one side facing the water sampling pipe 6 being parallel to the water sampling pipe 6 and one side facing the water inlet pipe 22 being an inclined surface. The blocking switch 24 blocks the spring from moving toward the baffle 15.

[0054] A gap is reserved between the horizontal plate 25 and the inner wall of the valve tube 34 to form an air passage. A gap 37 is reserved between the horizontal plate 25 and the section of the water inlet pipe 22 facing the water collection pipe 6. The gap 37 is smaller than the thickness of the baffle 15. When the baffle 15 moves to fit the section of the water inlet pipe 22 facing the water collection pipe 6, the baffle 15 blocks the gap 37 reserved by the horizontal plate 25.

[0055] The blocking switch 24 is connected to a controller 34 , and the controller 34 controls the blocking switch 24 to rotate, releases the blocking of the spring 17 , and allows the spring 17 to pop out toward the baffle 15 .

[0056] A groove is provided inside the outward side of the horizontal plate 25, and a spring plate 35 is provided in the groove. The spring plate 35 is connected to the controller 34 and acts simultaneously with the blocking switch 24. When the blocking switch 24 is released, the spring plate 35 pops out and hits the section of the water inlet pipe 22 facing the water collection pipe 6.

[0057] The structure of the mud sampler 13 is introduced below. The mud sampler 13 is in the shape of a round cone as a whole, and is provided with a number of mud sampling holes around it. A mud sampling plate 23 is provided in each mud sampling hole. The mud sampling plate 23 blocks the mud sampling hole, and when the mud sampler 13 lands on the bottom mud under deep water, the mud sampling plate 23 pops open, and the bottom mud enters the mud sampler 13. When the mud sampler 13 rises and leaves the bottom mud under deep water, the mud sampling plate 23 closes the mud sampling hole, and seals the collected bottom mud in the mud sampler 13.

[0058] One end of the mud sampling plate 23 is hinged to the mud sampler 13 at the mud sampling hole, and its opposite end is hinged to one end of the support rod 27. The other end of the support rod 27 is connected to an iron sheet 32 ​​fixed to a suction water pipe 31. A mud sampling spring 33 is sleeved on the suction water pipe 31 between the iron sheet 32 ​​and the direction controller 12.

[0059] One end of the suction water pipe 31 connected to the direction controller 12 is connected to a section of hose 28 or a coaxial sleeve. When the mud collecting spring 33 is in a relaxed state, the mud collecting plate 23 is in a closed state; when the suction water pipe 31 is squeezed inward from the outside of the mud sampler 13, the iron sheet 32 ​​moves synchronously with the suction water pipe 31 toward the direction controller 12, the connecting end of the support rod 27 and the iron sheet 32 ​​is displaced, and the connecting end of the support rod 27 and the mud collecting plate 23 is displaced, pushing the mud collecting plate 23 outward; when the suction water pipe 31 is released, the mud collecting spring 33, the support rod 27 and the mud collecting plate 23 are all reset, and the mud collecting plate 23 closes the mud collecting hole.

[0060] See also Figure 3 and 4 The mud collecting plate 23 can be hinged to the edge of the mud collecting hole at the upper end or the lower end, and the other end can be hinged to the support rod. In the same mud collecting device, one end of the mud collecting plate 23 hinged to the support rod is the same. Figure 3 It is suitable for collecting thin mud. The upper end of the mud collecting plate is hinged to the support rod, and the lower end is hinged to the edge of the mud collecting hole. When collecting mud, the thin mud flows into the mud collecting hole along the mud collecting plate. Figure 4 It is suitable for mining hard mud. The lower end of the mining plate is hinged to the support rod, and the upper end is hinged to the edge of the mining hole. When mining mud, the hard mud is scooped into the mining hole by the mining plate.

[0061] At the same time, in order to ensure that when the mud sampler 13 lands on the bottom of the water, the suction pipe 31 will be pushed into the mud sampler 13, the mud sampling plate of the mud sampler 13 will be opened, and mud sampling can be achieved, a bottom plate 38 is connected to the end of the suction pipe 31 through multiple connecting rods 39, see Figure 7 A certain distance is reserved between the bottom plate 38 and the end of the suction pipe 31, which does not affect the normal use of the suction pipe 31. The bottom plate 38 increases the contact area with the bottom mud, and even if it is thin mud, the suction pipe 31 will be pushed into the mud sampler 13 to complete the opening and automatic closing of the mud sampling plate to achieve mud sampling.

[0062] The direction controller 12 is introduced below. The direction controller 12 is in the shape of a circular tube, and a motor 30 is arranged in the center. The output shaft of the motor 30 is connected to a connecting rod through a reducer, and a metal ball 19 is fixed to the end of the connecting rod. The position of the metal ball 19 in the direction controller 12 is controlled by the motor 30 to change the center of gravity of the device, thereby changing the tilt angle and posture of the device underwater.

[0063] At the same time, in order to assist in controlling the running direction of the equipment underwater, a water pumping device 29 is also provided. The water pumping device 29 includes a water pump 21 provided in the direction controller 12. The water pump 21 is located below the motor 30. A sealed cavity is formed between the water pump 21 and the inner wall of the direction controller 12, which is a water storage chamber 36. The water pump 21 is connected to a water pumping pipe 31, which extends from the bottom of the mud sampler 13. The water pumping device 29 increases the weight of the mud sampling end of the equipment by absorbing water and storing it in the water storage chamber 36, thereby controlling the mud sampling end to face downward. In the process of operation, in order to make the equipment sink, the water pumping device 29 is filled with water, and in order to make the equipment float, the water in the water pumping device 29 is emptied.

[0064] Similarly, a group of symmetrical wings 5 ​​are arranged outside the water sampling pipe 6 of the present invention. The wings 5 ​​are close to the mud sampler 13. The mud sampler 13 is filled with water so that the mud sampler 13 can penetrate into the bottom mud downward under water.

[0065] The wing 5 is a flat rectangular body with a hollow interior, and the flat surface is parallel to the axial direction of the water sampling pipe 6. A flat semicircular shape penetrating the interior of the rectangular body is provided on the side of each wing 5 facing the iron fixture 10; each wing 5 is provided with a pressurized drainer 23, and the pressurized drainer 23 is located in the semicircular shape of each wing 5. Figure 5 Given the position of the pressurized drainer 23 on the wing 5 , the pressurized drainer 23 is used to fill or drain water into the wing 5 , and the volume of the wing 5 is greater than the volume of the water sampling pipe 6 .

[0066] A tail wing 4 is also provided outside the water sampling pipe 6, and one end of the tail wing 4 connected to the water sampling pipe 6 is in the shape of a rectangular body with a square or rectangular cross section, and the end of the tail wing 4 is curved in an arc in a direction away from the iron fixture 10. The tail wing 4 is not filled with water and is used to adjust the buoyancy so that the device can finally float to the water surface.

[0067] In order to collect underwater information, the outer wall of the water sampling pipe 6 is provided with a positioning signal transmitter 8 and a data detector 9. The data detector is an electronic detector that can detect and store water pressure and water temperature data. It is fixed on an iron fixture. The MY18E20 high-precision temperature sensor chip is used to measure water temperature, and the MS5837-30BA digital pressure sensor is used to measure water pressure and water depth. Both are connected to the positioning signal transmitter, and the data is transmitted to the GPS satellite through the positioning transmitter. The positioning signal transmitter is an electronic transmitter with a GPS positioning system that can transmit signals to GPS satellites. It is fixed on the iron fixture at the same position as the data detector. The model McMurdo SmartFind s20 can be used, which has a built-in GPS and 406MHz satellite communication module, which can automatically activate and send precise location information in deep water.

[0068] In order to ensure that the water sampling pipe 6 has a stable structure in an underwater environment and is not damaged by vibration or shock, and to enhance its own structural stability, the outer wall of the water sampling pipe 6 is provided with a number of iron rods 7 and spring rods 16. The embodiment of the present patent provides two iron rods, which are distributed on both sides of the water sampling pipe 6. The two iron rods are of fixed length. The upper and lower ends of the iron rod 7 are respectively connected and fixed to the cover 2 and the iron fixture 10, which play a role in firmly connecting the water sampling pipe 6, the cover 2 and the iron fixture 10. At the same time, the iron rod 7 is fixed on the outside of the equipment to bear part of the pressure for the equipment, and prevent the equipment from being greatly deformed under the action of the huge underwater pressure. The spring rod 14 can replace spring rods with different elastic limits on one side of the water sampling pipe 6. Under huge water pressure, the spring rod is used to stabilize the instrument itself and prevent the change of water pressure from deforming the instrument. By opening and closing the external spring rod switch, the spring rod with different elastic limits can be replaced to adapt to the violent vibration of the instrument caused by the pressure difference during the sinking process, so as to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction. The spring rod is a rod with a section of spring. Figure 6 A structural example of a spring rod is given. Two rings are arranged outside the water sampling pipe 6. The spring rod is inserted into the two rings. A spring switch is arranged in one of the rings. After the spring rod is inserted into a preset position, the spring rod is fixed by a spring rod switch 11. The spring rod switch 11 is a clamping structure or a latch structure like an adjusting nut. Figure 7 A structural diagram of the spring switch is given. When the spring rod 14 needs to be replaced according to the comprehensive information such as the water depth and the water quality of the water collection point, the spring rod switch 11 is opened, the original spring rod 14 is removed, and the required spring rod 14 is replaced, and then the spring rod switch 11 is closed.

[0069] In order to facilitate carrying and taking, a hand ring 3 and a rope hole 1 are also provided on the outside of the water sampling pipe. A rope can be passed through the rope hole 1 for convenient hand carrying.

[0070] In order to clearly demonstrate this patent, the functions of each component involved in this patent are introduced in turn below:

[0071] Rope hole 1: This hole is used to wrap the rope. The rope can be used to pull up the equipment in shallow water areas, but no rope is needed in deep water areas.

[0072] Cover 2: Close the water collection pipe.

[0073] Hand loop 3: can be used to carry the device, making the device convenient to carry.

[0074] Tail 4: The tail is streamlined and located on one side of the water collection pipe, similar to a fish tail, and serves to reduce resistance and facilitate underwater gliding.

[0075] Wing 5: It is streamlined and is located on both sides of the water sampling pipe. It is similar to a shark fin and plays a role in reducing resistance and gliding underwater. It is hollow inside. Before the equipment works, it is filled with water. The water can be discharged through a pressurized drainer to reduce gravity and float up. The wing can be retracted. When it is necessary to float up, the wing can be extended to increase buoyancy and float up.

[0076] Water sampling tube 6: The water sampling tube is used to collect water samples and store them.

[0077] Iron 7: Fix the device to prevent deformation.

[0078] Positioning signal transmitter 8: The positioning signal transmitter is an electronic transmitter equipped with a Beidou satellite positioning system and can transmit signals to Beidou satellites.

[0079] Data detector 9: The data detector is an electronic detector that can detect and store data such as water depth, water pressure, water temperature, and collected water volume.

[0080] Iron fixture 10: The iron fixture connects the upper part and the lower part of the equipment, that is, connects the water sampling pipe 6 and the direction controller 12.

[0081] Spring rod switch 11: This switch is used to control the length of the spring rod and to change spring rods with different elastic limits.

[0082] Direction controller 12: includes a metal ball and a motor, and is used to adjust the center of gravity of the device and the posture of the device in water.

[0083] Water suction device 13: partially stores water, drains water, adjusts the weight of the mud collecting end of the equipment and assists in adjusting the center of gravity of the equipment.

[0084] The valve core 14 allows water of corresponding depth to enter the water sampling pipe 6, and prevents water from entering the water inlet pipe after collecting the water sample, and prevents the internal water from coming out.

[0085] Baffle 15: connected to the spring, mainly plays a sealing role and is the switch for controlling water collection.

[0086] Spring rod 16: On the coaxial outer side of the water sampling pipe, springs with different elastic limits can be replaced. Under huge water pressure, the spring rod is used to stabilize the device itself to prevent the change of water pressure from causing deformation of the device.

[0087] Mud collecting spring 33: connected with the baffle plate, plays the role of resetting the mud collecting plate after mud collecting.

[0088] Pressurized hole 18: Pressurize the pressurized hole, see Figure 2 , so that the baffle is close to the water inlet pipe connected to the right side and the lower side, thus playing a sealing role.

[0089] Metal ball 19: Rotate the position in the direction controller 12 to adjust the movement trajectory of the device.

[0090] Hollow pipe 20: Located around the motor 30 in the direction controller 12, it is the moving space of the metal ball 19. The metal ball can move inside, so that the center of gravity of the whole device is shifted, thereby achieving a turn. The hollow state can reduce the energy loss caused by friction.

[0091] Water suction device 21: Under the action of the battery, the water suction device 21 can suck water to change the stress state of the device, thereby changing the movement state of the device.

[0092] Water inlet pipe 22: a channel for the water to enter the water collection pipe through the chamber valve core.

[0093] Mud sheet 23: Combination Figure 3 When collecting mud, the mud collecting plate 23 is opened, and when not collecting mud, the mud collecting plate 23 is closed.

[0094] Blocking switch 24: Before the equipment is put into the water and before the water sampling is completed, the blocking switch is in the open state. When the equipment reaches the specified depth to collect water, the baffle moves under the action of water pressure. When the sensor detects that the water sampling pipe has collected the water sample, the blocking switch is closed and the spring pops out, pushing the baffle outward against the water inlet to prevent water from entering the water sampling pipe during the rising process of the equipment and causing the water sample to be contaminated.

[0095] Horizontal plate 25: controlled by the sensor, when it is detected that the water sampling pipe has collected all the water samples, the water inlet is moved and closed to prevent water from entering the water sampling pipe during the rising process of the equipment and causing the water sample to be contaminated.

[0096] Pressurized drainer 26: Before entering the water body, the wing 5 is filled with water. When the equipment needs to float, the water in the wing is drained to achieve the purpose of reducing gravity.

[0097] Support rod 27: open or retract the mud collecting plate.

[0098] Hose 28: When the suction water pipe 31 lands on the bottom mud and is lifted up, the hose 28 is deformed to provide space for the suction water pipe 31 to move upward.

[0099] Water pumping device 29: used to pump water for storage, increasing the weight of the equipment and changing the center of gravity.

[0100] Motor 30: used to control the movement of the metal ball.

[0101] Suction water pipe 31: used to provide water inlet and outlet pipes for the suction water device 29. At the same time, when mud is collected, the mud collecting plate of the mud collector is opened.

[0102] Iron sheet 32: used to provide a fixed point for the mud mining spring 33 to be installed.

[0103] Mud collecting spring 33: used to stabilize the position of the suction water pipe 31. When collecting mud, it is compressed, and the iron sheet 32 ​​and the support rod 27 are synchronously raised to open the mud collecting plate.

[0104] Controller 34 : controls the blocking switch 24 and the spring plate 35 .

[0105] Spring plate 35: After being ejected, it seals the valve core and prevents water from entering or leaving the valve.

[0106] Water storage chamber 36: provides water storage space for the water pumping device 29.

[0107] Gap 37: channel for water to enter the valve core.

[0108] The method of the present invention is specifically:

[0109] Step 1: Wing 5 is filled with water;

[0110] Step 2: Each valve core is filled with air pressure corresponding to the water extraction depth;

[0111] Step 3: Arrive at the designated area and place the device into the water. Initially, gravity is greater than buoyancy, and the device sinks. During the sinking process, the mud collector 13 of the device faces downward.

[0112] Step 4: Before the equipment reaches the specified depth, the wing starts to drain water to reduce the gravity of the deep-water automatic water sampling equipment, so that its descent speed is slowed down and it can reach the desired height stably;

[0113] Step 5: Under the action of the air pressure in the valve core and the water pressure outside the water sampling pipe 6, the baffle 15 in the valve core is in a force balance state. Under the action of the spring, the baffle moves toward the inside of the valve core. At this time, water enters the water sampling pipe along the gap, and the water sampling pipe begins to collect water samples at a specified depth. While the water sampling pipe collects water, the wings on both sides drain water at the same time to ensure that the equipment is force balanced and can collect water at a specified depth.

[0114] Step 6: Data detector and positioning signal transmitter, obtain water temperature, water pressure, location information and transmit the signal to the satellite;

[0115] Step 7: When the water collection is completed, the controller controls the blocking switch 24 to release, and the baffle 15 is pressed against the water inlet pipe 22 under the action of the spring to play a role of closed storage. At the same time, the spring moves to close the water inlet pipe;

[0116] Step 8: The wings on both sides stop draining water or absorb water into the wing 5 through the pressurized drainer 26, so that the gravity of the equipment is greater than the buoyancy, and the equipment continues to descend;

[0117] Step 9: The device descends further to the next specified depth, and steps 4 to 8 are repeated until all water samples are collected;

[0118] Step 10: The equipment sinks to the bottom of the water, the mud sampler 13 is embedded in the bottom mud, the suction pipe 31 is squeezed toward the inside of the mud sampler 13, the iron sheet 32 ​​moves synchronously with the suction pipe 31 toward the direction controller 12, the connecting end of the support rod 27 and the iron sheet 32 ​​is displaced, and the connecting end of the support rod 27 and the mud sampling plate 23 is displaced, pushing the mud sampling plate 23 outward; the bottom mud is thin and soft, flows into the mud sampling hole and enters the mud sampler 13; after the mud sampling is completed, the wing starts to drain water to reduce the gravity of the equipment, and the equipment floats up and leaves the bottom mud. The end of the suction pipe 31 is ejected from the mud sampler 13 by the mud sampling spring 33, the support rod 27 and the mud sampling plate 23 are reset, the mud sampling plate 23 closes the mud sampling hole, and the bottom mud in the mud sampler is sealed;

[0119] Step 11: After the equipment has collected the mud sample, the wing continues to drain water, making the buoyancy of the equipment greater than the gravity, and the equipment floats up;

[0120] Step 12: The equipment floats to the surface and is recovered.

[0121] When the device of the present invention is underwater, the direction controller 12 and the water suction device 29 are used to adjust the device's underwater tilt angle and movement trajectory, as well as the device's posture in real time to ensure that the mud sampler can vertically penetrate the bottom mud during mud sampling.

[0122] The term “connection” as used in this application may mean a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components via other components.

[0123] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A deep-water automatic water and mud extraction equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a water sampling pipe (6) and a mud sampling device (13). The water sampling pipe (6) is in the shape of a circular tube with sealed ends. The interior of the water sampling pipe (6) is divided into a plurality of cavities. Each cavity is provided with a valve core (14) through which the cavity is punched and water is sampled. The mud sampling device (13) is arranged at one end of the water sampling pipe (6). The mud sampling device (13) is in the shape of a cone with a round head as a whole. A plurality of mud sampling holes are arranged around the mud sampling device. A mud sampling plate (23) is arranged in each mud sampling hole. The mud sampling plate (23) blocks the mud sampling hole. When the mud sampling device (13) lands on the bottom mud under deep water, the mud sampling plate (23) pops open and the bottom mud enters the mud sampling device (13). When the mud sampling device (13) rises and leaves the bottom mud under deep water, the mud sampling plate (23) closes the mud sampling hole and seals the collected bottom mud in the mud sampling device (13). A group of symmetrical wings (5) are arranged outside the water sampling pipe (6), and the wings (5) are close to the mud sampler (13). The mud sampler (13) is filled with water, so that the mud sampler (13) can penetrate into the bottom mud downward under water.

2. The deepwater automatic water and mud extraction equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A direction controller (12) is arranged between the water sampling pipe (6) and the mud sampling device (13). The direction controller (12) is in the shape of a circular tube, and a motor (30) is arranged at the center. The output shaft of the motor (30) is connected to a connecting rod through a reducer, and a metal ball (19) is fixed at the end of the connecting rod. The position where the metal ball (19) stays in the direction controller (12) is controlled by the motor (30).

3. The deepwater automatic water and mud extraction equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A water pumping device (29) is also provided in the direction controller (12) and the mud sampler (13). The water pumping device (29) comprises a water pumping device (21) provided in the direction controller (12). The water pumping device (21) is located below the motor (30). A sealed cavity is formed between the water pumping device (21) and the inner wall of the direction controller (12) to serve as a water storage chamber. The water pumping device (21) is connected to a water pumping pipe (31), and the water pumping pipe (31) extends out from the bottom of the mud sampler (13).

4. The deepwater automatic water and mud extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the mud collecting plate (23) is hinged to the mud collecting device (13) at the mud collecting hole, and the opposite end is hinged to one end of a support rod (27), the other end of the support rod (27) is connected to an iron sheet (32) fixed to a suction water pipe (31), and a mud collecting spring (33) is sleeved on the suction water pipe (31) between the iron sheet (32) and the direction controller (12); One end of the suction water pipe (31) connected to the direction controller (12) is connected to a section of hose (28) or a coaxial sleeve. When the mud collecting spring (33) is in a relaxed state, the mud collecting plate (23) is in a closed state. When the suction water pipe (31) is squeezed inward from the outside of the mud collecting device (13), the iron sheet (32) moves synchronously with the suction water pipe (31) toward the direction controller (12), the connecting end of the support rod (27) and the iron sheet (32) is displaced, and the connecting end of the support rod (27) and the mud collecting plate (23) is displaced, so that the mud collecting plate (23) is pushed outward. When the suction water pipe (31) is released, the mud collecting spring (33), the support rod (27) and the mud collecting plate (23) are all reset, and the mud collecting plate (23) closes the mud collecting hole. The end of the suction water pipe (31) is connected to a bottom plate (38) via a plurality of connecting rods (39); the bottom plate (38) and the end of the suction water pipe (31) are not in contact, and a space is reserved.

5. The deepwater automatic water and mud extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve core (14) comprises a valve tube (34) in the shape of a circular tube. A spring (17) is axially arranged inside the valve tube (34). One end of the spring (17) is fixed to the outer wall of the water sampling tube (6), and the other end is provided with a baffle (15). The passage between the baffle (15) and the end of the valve tube (34) is called a water inlet pipe (22). The aperture of the water inlet pipe (22) is smaller than the diameter of the baffle (15). The baffle (15) can seal and block the water inlet pipe (22). A pressurizing hole (18) is provided on the side wall of the valve tube (34). The pressurizing hole (18) is close to the water sampling pipe (6) and is connected to the space between the baffle plate (15) and the water sampling pipe (6) for accommodating the spring (17). A transverse plate (25) is provided on the opposite side of the pressurizing hole (18). A blocking switch (24) is provided on the transverse plate (25). The blocking switch (24) is in a triangular shape, with one side facing the water sampling pipe (6) being parallel to the water sampling pipe (6) and one side facing the water inlet pipe (22) being an inclined surface. The blocking switch (24) blocks the spring from moving toward the baffle plate (15). A gap is reserved between the transverse plate (25) and the inner wall of the valve tube (34) to form an air passage; a gap (37) is reserved between the transverse plate (25) and the section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6); the gap (37) is smaller than the thickness of the baffle (15); when the baffle (15) moves to fit the section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6), the baffle (15) blocks the gap (37) reserved by the transverse plate (25); The blocking switch (24) is connected to a controller (34), and the controller (34) controls the blocking switch (24) to rotate, releases the blocking of the spring (17), and allows the spring (17) to pop out toward the baffle (15).

6. The deepwater automatic water and mud extraction equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A groove is provided inside the outward side of the transverse plate (25), and a spring plate (35) is provided in the groove. The spring plate (35) is connected to the controller (34) and performs an action simultaneously with the blocking switch (24). When the blocking switch (24) is released, the spring plate (35) pops out and contacts the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6).

7. The deepwater automatic water and mud extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wing (5) is in the shape of a flat rectangular body with a hollow interior, and the flat surface is parallel to the axial direction of the water sampling pipe (6). A flat semicircular shape that penetrates the interior of the rectangular body is provided on the side of each wing (5) facing the iron fixture (10); each wing (5) is provided with a pressurized drainer (23), and the pressurized drainer (23) is located in the semicircular shape of each wing (5). Water is filled or drained in the wing (5) through the pressurized drainer (23), and the volume of the wing (5) is greater than the volume of the water sampling pipe (6).

8. The deepwater automatic water and mud extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tail wing (4) is also provided outside the water sampling pipe (6); one end of the tail wing (4) connected to the water sampling pipe (6) is in the shape of a rectangular body with a square or rectangular cross section; the end of the tail wing (4) is curved in an arc in a direction away from the iron fixture (10).

9. The deepwater automatic water and mud extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the water sampling pipe (6) is provided with a positioning signal transmitter (8) and a data detector (9); The outer wall of the water sampling pipe (6) is provided with a plurality of iron rods (7) and spring rods (16).

10. The deepwater automatic water and mud mining equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Calculate the water pressure at the required water extraction depth and the pressure to be added to the valve core, and add corresponding water to the wings (5) and the water suction device (29) on both sides according to the required water extraction amount, so that the equipment can sink into the water; Step 2: using a pressurizing device to pressurize the pressurizing hole (18) of the valve core (14), and after the pressurization is completed, closing the pressurizing hole (18), so that the baffle (15) inside the valve core (14) is closely attached to the cross section of the water inlet pipe (22) facing the water collection pipe (6), and the diameter of the baffle (15) is larger than the diameter of the water inlet pipe (22), and the thickness of the baffle (15) is larger than the gap (37) reserved by the horizontal plate (25), and the baffle (15) blocks the valve core (14); Step 3: Each valve core is filled with air pressure corresponding to the water extraction depth; Step 4: Arrive at the designated area and place the device into the water. Initially, gravity is greater than buoyancy, and the device sinks. During the sinking process, the mud collector (13) of the device is facing downward. Step 5: Before the equipment reaches the specified depth, the wings start to drain water to reduce the gravity of the deep-water automatic water sampling equipment, slowing down its descent speed and allowing it to reach the desired height stably; Step 6: Under the action of the air pressure inside the valve core and the water pressure outside the water sampling pipe (6), the baffle plate (15) inside the valve core is in a force-balanced state. Under the action of the spring, the baffle plate moves toward the inside of the valve core. At this time, water enters the water sampling pipe through the gap, and the water sampling pipe begins to collect water samples at a specified depth. While the water sampling pipe collects water, the wings on both sides simultaneously drain water to ensure that the equipment is force-balanced and can collect water at a specified depth. Step 7: Data detector and positioning signal transmitter, obtain water temperature, water pressure, location information and transmit the signal to the satellite; Step 8: When the water collection is completed, the controller controls the blocking switch (24) to release, and the baffle (15) is pressed against the water inlet pipe (22) under the action of the spring, playing the role of closed storage, and at the same time the spring moves to close the water inlet pipe; Step 9: The wings on both sides stop draining water or absorb water into the wings (5) through the pressurized drainer (26), so that the gravity of the device is greater than the buoyancy, and the device continues to descend; Step 10: The device descends further to the next specified depth, and steps 4 to 9 are repeated until all water samples are collected; Step 11: the equipment sinks to the bottom of the water, the mud sampler (13) is embedded in the bottom mud, the suction pipe (31) is squeezed toward the inside of the mud sampler (13), the iron sheet (32) moves synchronously with the suction pipe (31) toward the direction controller (12), the connecting end of the support rod (27) and the iron sheet (32) is displaced, the connecting end of the support rod (27) and the mud sampling plate (23) is displaced, and the mud sampling plate (23) is pushed outward; the bottom mud is thin and soft, and flows into the mud sampling hole and enters the mud sampler (13); after the mud sampling is completed, the wing starts to drain water to reduce the gravity of the equipment, and the equipment floats up and leaves the bottom mud. The end of the suction pipe (31) is ejected from the mud sampler (13) by the mud sampling spring (33), the support rod (27) and the mud sampling plate (23) are reset, the mud sampling plate (23) closes the mud sampling hole, and the bottom mud in the mud sampler is sealed; Step 12: After the equipment has collected the mud sample, the wing continues to drain water, making the buoyancy of the equipment greater than the gravity, and the equipment floats up; Step 13: The equipment floats to the surface and is recovered.

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