Method and system for evaluating environmental influence of offshore wind plant in combination with GIS (Geographic Information System)

Abstract

The invention relates to a GIS-combined offshore wind power plant environmental impact assessment method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: building an offshore wind power plant planning and design digital platform based on a geographic information GIS technology, a building information model BIM technology and a virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology; related data, including hydrology, meteorology, submarine topography and ecological resource data, of offshore wind power plant environmental influence are collected, the data are collected to an offshore wind power plant planning and design digital platform by utilizing a network transmission means, and an offshore wind power plant environmental database is constructed; modeling the offshore wind power plant based on a building information model BIM technology; the offshore wind plant planning and design digital platform generates an environment influence and evaluation result of the offshore wind plant through the offshore wind plant environment database and the modeling result; and the offshore wind power plant planning and design digital platform integrates and displays the environmental influence and the evaluation result of the offshore wind power plant through a VR / AR (Virtual Reality / Augmented Reality) technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of clean energy technology, and more specifically, to an offshore wind farm environmental impact assessment method and system combined with GIS. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for clean energy continues to grow, offshore wind farms, as an important form of renewable energy development, have shown a rapid expansion in scale and number in recent years. However, the construction and operation of offshore wind farms will inevitably have multiple impacts on the surrounding marine environment, such as changes in hydrological conditions, disturbances in marine ecosystems, and potential threats to ecologically sensitive areas.

[0003] Traditional environmental impact assessment methods for offshore wind farms often have many limitations. On the one hand, the means of data collection and integration are relatively simple, making it difficult to comprehensively and accurately obtain multi-source data such as hydrology, meteorology, seabed topography and ecological resources, resulting in inaccurate and incomplete assessment results. On the other hand, the assessment process lacks effective visualization methods, making it difficult to intuitively display the scope, extent and changing trends of environmental impacts, which is not conducive to the relevant decision-makers and the public to deeply understand the assessment results.

[0004] Prior art, such as a Chinese patent with patent number "CN116341952A", discloses a method for evaluating the joint development of marine wind and wave resources, which includes: collecting wind energy resource data and wave energy resource data of the sea area to be evaluated; determining the inherent stability of the two resources, wind energy and wave energy, based on the wind energy resource data and the wave energy resource data; determining the correlation between wind energy and wave energy, and determining the complementarity of wind energy and wave energy based on the wind energy resource data and the wave energy resource data; determining the potential level of the joint development of offshore wind energy and wave energy based on the inherent stability, correlation and complementarity of wind energy and wave energy.

[0005] The problem with the above-mentioned prior art is that the method only considers the joint development method of marine wind and wave resources from the perspective of resource utilization, and does not evaluate the surrounding marine environment and the damage that the development of marine wind and wave resources may cause to the marine ecology. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method and system for offshore wind farm environmental impact assessment combined with GIS.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention proposes a method for environmental impact assessment of offshore wind farms combined with GIS, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step S1, building a digital platform for offshore wind farm planning and design based on geographic information GIS technology, building information model BIM technology and virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology;

[0010] Step S2, collecting data related to the environmental impact of offshore wind farms, including hydrological, meteorological, seabed topography and ecological resource data, and using network transmission means to aggregate the data into an offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform to build an offshore wind farm environmental database;

[0011] Step S3, modeling the offshore wind farm based on the Building Information Model (BIM) technology;

[0012] Step S4, the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform generates the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm through the offshore wind farm environmental database and modeling results;

[0013] Step S5: the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform integrates and displays the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm through virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology.

[0014] As a preferred implementation, the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform includes: a hydrological analysis unit, a wind resource analysis unit, a seabed ecological assessment unit and an ecologically sensitive area assessment unit.

[0015] As a preferred implementation, the hydrological analysis unit analyzes and evaluates the hydrological data before, during and after the construction of the offshore wind farm based on GIS technology and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools, and outputs the hydrological changes in the offshore wind farm area.

[0016] As a preferred implementation, the wind resource analysis unit analyzes wind resource data based on GIS technology, provides data support for the site selection and layout of wind turbines, and outputs a wind resource assessment report for offshore wind farms.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the seabed ecological assessment unit uses terrain scanning and interpolation algorithms based on GIS technology to obtain refined seabed terrain information, and combines offshore wind farm modeling data to assess the impact of offshore wind farm construction on the marine ecosystem.

[0018] As a preferred implementation, the ecologically sensitive area assessment unit identifies and marks marine ecologically sensitive areas based on GIS technology combined with obstacle identification and mapping functions, analyzes and evaluates data changes in marine ecologically sensitive areas before, during and after the construction of offshore wind farms, and confirms the impact of offshore wind farm construction and operation on ecologically sensitive areas.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, after the step of generating the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm, it also includes using a comprehensive mapping tool to generate an environmental assessment report for the offshore wind farm; the generated environmental assessment report for the offshore wind farm includes: the hydrological changes in the offshore wind farm area output by the hydrological analysis unit, the wind resource assessment report of the offshore wind farm output by the wind resource analysis unit, and the seabed ecological environment impact analysis report output by the seabed ecological assessment unit and the ecological sensitive area assessment unit.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an offshore wind farm environmental impact assessment system combined with GIS, comprising:

[0021] Digital platform construction module, based on geographic information GIS technology, building information model BIM technology and virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology, to build a digital platform for offshore wind farm planning and design;

[0022] The data collection and database construction module collects relevant data on the environmental impact of offshore wind farms, including hydrological, meteorological, seabed topography and ecological resource data, and uses network transmission to collect the data into the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform to build an offshore wind farm environmental database;

[0023] Wind farm modeling module, which models offshore wind farms based on the building information model (BIM);

[0024] Assessment module: The offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform generates the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm through the offshore wind farm environmental database and modeling results;

[0025] The three-dimensional visualization result display module, the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform integrates and displays the environmental impact and assessment results of offshore wind farms through virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology.

[0026] On the other hand, the present invention further provides an electronic device having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for environmental impact assessment of an offshore wind farm combined with GIS as described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0027] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer-readable medium for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by the one or more processors, enables the one or more processors to implement a method for assessing the environmental impact of an offshore wind farm in combination with GIS as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. In the present invention, the wind resource processing module is used to evaluate the wind resources using ERA5 reanalysis data, and the scientific site selection and layout optimization of wind turbines are realized in combination with the GIS platform. This wind resource analysis based on big data and geographic information not only improves the power generation efficiency of wind farms, but also effectively reduces operating costs.

[0030] 2. In the present invention, GIS, BIM and VR / AR technologies are used to build an integrated three-dimensional visualization platform to display the environmental data of the wind farm in an interactive manner. This helps engineering personnel understand the multi-dimensional environmental impact of the wind farm in real time, supports decision-making, and realizes transparent environmental management, especially in the planning, construction and operation stages.

[0031] 3. In this invention, remote sensing images and deep learning algorithms are combined to automatically identify and mark ecologically sensitive areas, conduct quantitative analysis of the environmental impacts that may be caused by wind farm construction and operation, and propose protective measures. This method effectively reduces the risks to marine ecosystems, especially the protection of sensitive areas such as coral reefs and fishing grounds.

[0032] 4. In this invention, VR / AR technology is used to provide an immersive virtual reality experience, so that planners, decision makers and even the public can understand the environmental impact of wind farms in an immersive way, increasing the transparency and social acceptance of the project. This innovation significantly improves the level of public participation and the intuitiveness of environmental assessment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the method flow of embodiment 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be understood that the step numbers used in this document are only for convenience of description and are not intended to limit the order in which the steps are executed.

[0037] It should be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0038] The terms “include” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0039] The term "and / or" means and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0040] Embodiment 1:

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following will be combined with the specific embodiments of the present application and refer to the attached Figure 1 , clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention.

[0042] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an offshore wind farm environmental impact assessment method combined with GIS, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step S1, building a digital platform for offshore wind farm planning and design based on geographic information GIS technology, building information model BIM technology and virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology;

[0044] The offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform includes: a hydrological analysis unit, a wind resource analysis unit, a seabed ecological assessment unit and an ecologically sensitive area assessment unit; wherein:

[0045] The hydrological analysis unit analyzes and evaluates the hydrological data before, during and after the construction of the offshore wind farm based on GIS technology and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools, and outputs the hydrological changes in the offshore wind farm area.

[0046] In this embodiment, the hydrological analysis unit is used to perform numerical simulation and calculation based on the collected hydrological data. The underwater terrain is modeled using the GIS platform, and the hydrological characteristics of the construction area are analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools in combination with ocean current, wave and tidal data. The analysis results can help planners understand the trend of hydrological changes in the wind farm area, determine its impact on construction and future operation, and visualize it on the platform to improve the accuracy of the assessment.

[0047] The wind resource analysis unit analyzes wind resource data based on GIS technology, provides data support for the site selection and layout of wind turbines, and outputs a wind resource assessment report for offshore wind farms.

[0048] In this embodiment, the wind resource processing unit is connected to the ERA5 data interface to obtain historical data such as wind speed and wind direction. The data is preprocessed using self-developed interpolation and revision algorithms to ensure the continuity and accuracy of the data. During the analysis process, wind resource assessment software such as WindPro is used to assess long-term wind resources, and combined with the specific terrain characteristics of the wind farm, the power generation under different wind conditions is simulated to provide a scientific basis for the site selection and layout of wind turbines.

[0049] The seabed ecological assessment unit uses terrain scanning and interpolation algorithms based on GIS technology to obtain detailed seabed topography information, and combines offshore wind farm modeling data to assess the impact of offshore wind farm construction on the marine ecosystem.

[0050] In this embodiment, the submarine ecological assessment unit uses a multi-beam sonar device to scan the submarine topography of the wind farm site selection area, obtain high-resolution submarine topography data, and use a three-dimensional interpolation algorithm to process the data to generate a refined submarine topography model. Combined with the distribution information of marine organisms, the impact of wind farm construction (such as foundation piling and submarine cable laying) on ​​marine ecosystems such as corals and seagrass is assessed. The analysis results are visualized through the GIS platform to provide support for the formulation of ecological protection measures.

[0051] The ecologically sensitive area assessment unit uses GIS technology combined with obstacle identification and mapping functions to identify and mark marine ecologically sensitive areas, analyze and evaluate data changes in marine ecologically sensitive areas before, during and after the construction of offshore wind farms, and confirm the impact of offshore wind farm construction and operation on ecologically sensitive areas.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ecologically sensitive area assessment unit uses high-resolution remote sensing images and deep learning image recognition algorithms to identify marine ecologically sensitive areas (such as marine protected areas, coral reefs, fishing grounds, etc.). The location and scope of these sensitive areas are plotted in the GIS system, and the potential impact of construction and operation on the ecological environment in sensitive areas is assessed in combination with the noise, vibration, pollution and other influencing factors generated during the construction and operation of the wind farm. In the subsequent planning, construction and operation process, corresponding mitigation measures are customized according to the potential impact.

[0053] Step S2, collecting data related to the environmental impact of offshore wind farms, including hydrological, meteorological, seabed topography and ecological resource data, and using network transmission means to aggregate the data into an offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform to build an offshore wind farm environmental database;

[0054] In this embodiment, data collection includes collecting multi-source environmental data through satellite remote sensing, drone monitoring and underwater sensors, and integrating them into the platform through a data interface to build an offshore wind farm environment database.

[0055] Step S3, modeling the offshore wind farm based on the Building Information Model (BIM) technology;

[0056] Step S4, the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform generates the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm through the offshore wind farm environmental database and modeling results;

[0057] After the step of generating the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm, it also includes using a comprehensive mapping tool to generate an environmental assessment report for the offshore wind farm; the generated environmental assessment report for the offshore wind farm includes: the hydrological changes in the offshore wind farm area output by the hydrological analysis unit, the wind resource assessment report of the offshore wind farm output by the wind resource analysis unit, and the seabed ecological environment impact analysis report output by the seabed ecological assessment unit and the ecologically sensitive area assessment unit.

[0058] In this embodiment, a comprehensive mapping tool is used to generate thematic maps including hydrology, wind resources and ecological impact, and a three-dimensional model is combined to display dynamic changes. The report can automatically generate a PDF file for easy review by project managers and decision makers.

[0059] Step S5: the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform integrates and displays the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm through virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology.

[0060] In this embodiment, through virtual reality equipment such as VR helmets and AR glasses, users can view the construction and operation of the wind farm in an immersive way. Combined with real-time data, environmental changes during construction and operation are displayed to help project managers better understand the impact of wind farms on the surrounding environment and adjust construction and operation plans in a timely manner to reduce adverse impacts on the environment.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] This embodiment provides an offshore wind farm environmental impact assessment system combined with GIS, including:

[0063] Digital platform construction module, based on geographic information GIS technology, building information model BIM technology and virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology, to build a digital platform for offshore wind farm planning and design;

[0064] The data collection and database construction module collects relevant data on the environmental impact of offshore wind farms, including hydrological, meteorological, seabed topography and ecological resource data, and uses network transmission to collect the data into the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform to build an offshore wind farm environmental database;

[0065] Wind farm modeling module, which models offshore wind farms based on the building information model (BIM);

[0066] Assessment module: The offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform generates the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm through the offshore wind farm environmental database and modeling results;

[0067] The 3D visualization result display module, the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform integrates and displays the environmental impact and assessment results of offshore wind farms through virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology.

[0068] Embodiment three:

[0069] This embodiment provides an electronic device having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, a method for environmental impact assessment of an offshore wind farm combined with GIS as described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0070] Embodiment 4:

[0071] This embodiment provides a computer-readable medium for storing one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement a method for assessing the environmental impact of an offshore wind farm combined with GIS as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can be represented by: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0073] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in a combination of electronic hardware, computer software, and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0074] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0075] In several embodiments provided in the present application, if any function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory; hereinafter referred to as: ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory; hereinafter referred to as: RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0076] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for environmental impact assessment of offshore wind farms combined with GIS, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, building a digital platform for offshore wind farm planning and design based on geographic information GIS technology, building information model BIM technology and virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology; Step S2, collecting data related to the environmental impact of offshore wind farms, including hydrological, meteorological, seabed topography and ecological resource data, and using network transmission means to aggregate the data into an offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform to build an offshore wind farm environmental database; Step S3, modeling the offshore wind farm based on the Building Information Model (BIM) technology; Step S4, the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform generates the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm through the offshore wind farm environmental database and modeling results; Step S5: the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform integrates and displays the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm through virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology.

2. The method for environmental impact assessment of offshore wind farms combined with GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform includes: a hydrological analysis unit, a wind resource analysis unit, a seabed ecological assessment unit and an ecologically sensitive area assessment unit.

3. The method for environmental impact assessment of offshore wind farms combined with GIS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The hydrological analysis unit analyzes and evaluates the hydrological data before, during and after the construction of the offshore wind farm based on GIS technology and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools, and outputs the hydrological changes in the offshore wind farm area.

4. The method for environmental impact assessment of offshore wind farms combined with GIS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The wind resource analysis unit analyzes wind resource data based on GIS technology, provides data support for the site selection and layout of wind turbines, and outputs a wind resource assessment report for offshore wind farms.

5. The method for environmental impact assessment of offshore wind farms combined with GIS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The seabed ecological assessment unit uses terrain scanning and interpolation algorithms based on GIS technology to obtain refined seabed terrain information, and combines offshore wind farm modeling data to assess the impact of offshore wind farm construction on the marine ecosystem.

6. The method for environmental impact assessment of offshore wind farms combined with GIS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ecologically sensitive area assessment unit identifies and marks marine ecologically sensitive areas based on GIS technology combined with obstacle identification and mapping functions, analyzes and evaluates changes in marine ecologically sensitive area data before, during and after the construction of offshore wind farms, and confirms the impact of offshore wind farm construction and operation on ecologically sensitive areas.

7. The method for environmental impact assessment of offshore wind farms combined with GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the step of generating the environmental impact and assessment results of the offshore wind farm, it also includes using a comprehensive mapping tool to generate an environmental assessment report for the offshore wind farm; the generated environmental assessment report for the offshore wind farm includes: the hydrological changes in the offshore wind farm area output by the hydrological analysis unit, the wind resource assessment report of the offshore wind farm output by the wind resource analysis unit, and the seabed ecological environment impact analysis report output by the seabed ecological assessment unit and the ecological sensitive area assessment unit.

8. An offshore wind farm environmental impact assessment system combined with GIS, characterized in that: include: Digital platform construction module, based on geographic information GIS technology, building information model BIM technology and virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology, to build a digital platform for offshore wind farm planning and design; The data collection and database construction module collects relevant data on the environmental impact of offshore wind farms, including hydrological, meteorological, seabed topography and ecological resource data, and uses network transmission to collect the data into the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform to build an offshore wind farm environmental database; Wind farm modeling module, which models offshore wind farms based on the building information model (BIM); Assessment module: The offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform generates the environmental impact and assessment results of offshore wind farms through the offshore wind farm environmental database and modeling results; The three-dimensional visualization result display module, the offshore wind farm planning and design digital platform integrates and displays the environmental impact and assessment results of offshore wind farms through virtual reality VR / augmented reality AR technology.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, an offshore wind farm environmental impact assessment method combined with GIS as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, an offshore wind farm environmental impact assessment method combined with GIS as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

Images