Pavement electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy collection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a pavement electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy collection device which comprises a collection lifting plate and a collection base, a plurality of guide columns and horizontal conversion inclined columns are arranged at the bottom of the collection lifting plate, guide cylinders matched with the guide columns are arranged at the top of the collection base, and first reset springs are arranged in the guide cylinders; a magnetoelectric acquisition mechanism and a piezoelectric acquisition mechanism are arranged between the acquisition lifting plate and the acquisition base, the magnetoelectric acquisition mechanism is used for acquiring the potential energy of the horizontal conversion inclined column in the horizontal direction, and the piezoelectric acquisition mechanism is used for acquiring the potential energy of the horizontal conversion inclined column in the vertical direction. The device is compact in structure and easy to install, the device only needs to be installed below the deceleration strip, when the deceleration strip is rolled by means of transportation, piezoelectric energy and electromagnetic energy are collected at the same time by collecting the horizontal conversion inclined columns on the lifting plate and cooperating with the magnetoelectric collecting mechanism and the piezoelectric collecting mechanism, the road surface energy collecting modes are diversified, and the energy collecting efficiency is high. And the road surface energy collection effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pavement, and in particular to a pavement electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device. Background Art

[0002] As an important national infrastructure, roads undertake important functions such as the transportation of people and goods. During their use, they are rolled over by millions to tens of millions of vehicles every year, and the mechanical energy they generate is very considerable. The commonly used method of collecting road energy is based on the piezoelectric effect, which uses the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to convert the mechanical energy generated by impact and vibration into electrical energy through piezoelectric vibrators, so that the output energy can be stored or directly used.

[0003] For example, the patent document CN 113863080 A discloses a rigid pavement structure with an energy recovery function, which includes a road base and a pavement layer. A translational elastic layer is arranged between the pavement layer and the road base, and the pavement layer is supported on the road base by the translational elastic layer. A plurality of pavement layers are arranged at intervals along the axis direction of the road, and a piezoelectric transducer is arranged between two adjacent pavement layers. The pavement structure has the effect of collecting the energy of the road surface deforming along the axis of the road. However, the construction and installation of the pavement structure is relatively cumbersome, and energy can only be collected through a piezoelectric transducer, and the energy collection method is single and inefficient. Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is necessary to propose a pavement energy collection device that is easy to install, has a variety of energy collection methods, and has a higher energy collection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a road surface electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] Provided is a road surface electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy collection device, comprising a collection lifting plate and a collection base, wherein a plurality of guide columns and horizontal conversion inclined columns are arranged at the bottom of the collection lifting plate, a guide cylinder cooperating with the guide columns is arranged at the top of the collection base, and a first reset spring is arranged in the guide cylinder; a magnetoelectric collection mechanism and a piezoelectric collection mechanism are arranged between the collection lifting plate and the collection base, the magnetoelectric collection mechanism is used for collecting the potential energy of the horizontal conversion inclined columns in the horizontal direction, and the piezoelectric collection mechanism is used for collecting the potential energy of the horizontal conversion inclined columns in the vertical direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the magnetoelectric collection mechanism includes a C-shaped collection arm, a double gear, a ratchet drive tooth, a ratchet clamp, a ratchet disk, a first magnet and a coil mounting column that cooperate with the horizontal conversion inclined column. One end of the C-shaped collection arm is rotatably connected to the collection base through a first rotating shaft. A torsion spring is arranged between the C-shaped collection arm and the first rotating shaft. The inner side of the C-shaped collection arm is provided with a collection tooth that cooperates with the double gear. The collection tooth is meshed with the input end of the double gear, and the output end of the double gear is meshed with the ratchet drive tooth. The bottom of the ratchet drive tooth is rotatably connected with two ratchet clamps, and the two ratchet clamps are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. The ratchet clamps cooperate with the ratchet inner tooth portion of the ratchet disk. The ratchet clamps are fixed to the collection base through a second rotating shaft. A number of first magnets are fixed to the bottom of the ratchet disk, and coil mounting columns are correspondingly arranged below the number of first magnets, and coils are arranged on the coil mounting columns.

[0008] Furthermore, a downwardly inclined guiding slope is provided on the contact side between the horizontal conversion inclined column and the C-shaped collecting arm.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of bearings are provided on the contact side of the C-shaped collecting arm and the horizontal conversion inclined column, and the plurality of bearings are fixed on the C-shaped collecting arm through bearing rods.

[0010] Further, four first magnets are provided, and the magnetic poles of adjacent first magnets in the four first magnets are opposite.

[0011] Furthermore, the piezoelectric collection mechanism includes a piezoelectric cantilever beam and a second magnet. One end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is fixed on the collection base, and the other end is fixed to the second magnet. A third magnet that cooperates with the second magnet is arranged on the horizontal conversion inclined column.

[0012] Furthermore, a piezoelectric mounting bracket for mounting the piezoelectric cantilever beam is provided on the collection base, a mounting clamp for pressing the piezoelectric cantilever beam is provided on the piezoelectric mounting bracket, and the piezoelectric mounting bracket and the mounting clamp are connected by screws.

[0013] Furthermore, the piezoelectric cantilever beam comprises a piezoelectric sheet and a silicon steel sheet, and the piezoelectric sheet and the silicon steel sheet are formed by rolling or hot rolling.

[0014] Furthermore, an inclined column matching groove matching with the horizontal conversion inclined column is provided on the collection base, and a second return spring matching with the horizontal conversion inclined column is provided in the inclined column matching groove.

[0015] Furthermore, a limiting protrusion is arranged on the C-shaped collecting arm, and a limiting block cooperating with the limiting protrusion is arranged on the collecting base.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The invention has a compact structure and is easy to install. It only needs to be installed under the speed bump. When the speed bump is crushed by a vehicle, the horizontal conversion inclined column on the collection lifting plate is used in conjunction with the magnetoelectric collection mechanism and the piezoelectric collection mechanism to simultaneously collect both piezoelectric and electromagnetic energy. The road surface energy collection method is diverse and the road surface energy collection effect is also better.

[0018] In the present invention, the collection lifting plate generates vertical displacement through the horizontal conversion inclined column, and the magnetoelectric collection mechanism converts the vertical displacement into horizontal displacement through the bearing, so that the collection teeth drive the double gears to move, and then the horizontal movement is converted into rotational movement through the ratchet driving teeth, and the meshing conversion of the ratchet driving teeth, the ratchet teeth and the ratchet disk is used to obtain a faster rotation speed, so that the ratchet disk equipped with the first magnet rotates at a high speed, thereby completing the movement of cutting the magnetic flux lines of the four coils below the permanent magnet and changing the energy collection effect.

[0019] The piezoelectric cantilever beam of the piezoelectric collection mechanism in the present invention is equipped with a second magnet as a mass block at the free end, which can effectively reduce the natural vibration frequency of the piezoelectric cantilever beam and allow the cantilever beam to be attracted by an external magnetic field (such as a magnet). This design not only enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the energy conversion system to different excitation conditions, but also broadens its application scope in the field of magnetic interaction, especially in application scenarios where the function of docking magnetic components is particularly critical.

[0020] In the present invention, the rebound characteristics of four first return springs and one second return spring are used to ensure that the entire energy harvesting device stably returns to the initial state, thereby ensuring a stable excitation effect.

[0021] Compared with the existing composite energy harvesting device, the present invention is based on piezoelectric effect and electromagnetic induction, has a clever structure, and can achieve energy harvesting more efficiently. Compared with the existing composite energy harvesting device, the present invention cleverly uses bearings, gear transmission and ratchet to combine piezoelectricity with magnetoelectricity, and amplifies its displacement, so that the magnet can rotate at high speed. At the same time, the structure is reasonably designed, and the four coils are evenly arranged under the magnet, so as to convert into sufficiently large electrical energy.

[0022] The present invention collects mechanical energy during the driving process of vehicles and converts it into electrical energy to power facilities. This mechanical energy has the advantages of considerable scale, renewability, high environmental protection, and a wide range of applications. The present invention is not limited by any natural conditions. As long as there is a vehicle driving, energy can be collected to power facilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 An exploded view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention without the collection lifting plate and the upper mounting plate;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention with the lower mounting plate and the collection base removed;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetoelectric collection mechanism and the piezoelectric collection mechanism Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetoelectric collection mechanism and the piezoelectric collection mechanism Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection base;

[0030] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting plate is provided;

[0031] Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper mounting plate;

[0032] Fig.10 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower mounting plate;

[0033] The main components in the figure are described as follows:

[0034] 1. Collection lifting plate; 11. Guide column; 12. Horizontal conversion inclined column; 13. Magnet installation hole;

[0035] 2. Upper mounting plate; 21. Second guide cylinder; 3. Lower mounting plate; 31. Upper coil matching hole; 32. Collection arm support part; 33. Limit block;

[0036] 4. Collection base; 41. First guide cylinder; 42. Oblique column matching groove; 43. Piezoelectric mounting bracket; 44. Mounting clamp; 45. Lower coil matching hole;

[0037] 5. Magnetoelectric collection mechanism; 51. C-shaped collection arm; 52. Collection teeth; 53. Torsion spring; 54. Bearing; 55. Bearing rod; 56. Double gear; 57. Ratchet drive teeth; 58. Ratchet clamping teeth; 59. Ratchet disc; 510. First magnet; 511. Coil mounting column; 512. Limiting protrusion;

[0038] 6. Piezoelectric collection mechanism; 61. Piezoelectric cantilever beam; 62. Second magnet; 63. Third magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0040] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device includes a harvesting lifting plate 1 and a harvesting base 4. The bottom of the harvesting lifting plate 1 is provided with four guide columns 11 and a horizontal conversion inclined column 12. The top of the harvesting base 4 is provided with a guide cylinder that cooperates with the guide column 11. A first reset spring is provided in the guide cylinder. The first reset spring provides a reset elastic force for the harvesting lifting plate 1.

[0041] A magnetoelectric collection mechanism 5 and a piezoelectric collection mechanism 6 are arranged between the collection lifting plate 1 and the collection base 4. The magnetoelectric collection mechanism 5 is used to collect the potential energy of the horizontal conversion inclined column 12 in the horizontal direction, and the piezoelectric collection mechanism 6 is used to collect the potential energy of the horizontal conversion inclined column 12 in the vertical direction.

[0042] like Figure 5 and 6 As shown, the magnetoelectric collection mechanism 5 includes a C-shaped collection arm 51 matched with the horizontal conversion inclined column 12, a double gear 56, a ratchet drive tooth 57, a ratchet clamping tooth 58, a ratchet disk 59, a first magnet 510 and a coil mounting column 511. One end of the C-shaped collection arm 51 is rotatably connected to the collection base 4 through a first rotating shaft. A torsion spring 53 is arranged between the C-shaped collection arm 51 and the first rotating shaft. A collection tooth 52 matched with the double gear 56 is arranged on the inner side of the C-shaped collection arm 51. The collection tooth 52 is connected to the input end of the double gear 56. The output end of the double gear 56 is meshed with the ratchet drive tooth 57. The bottom of the ratchet drive tooth 57 is rotatably connected with two ratchet teeth 58. The two ratchet teeth 58 are arranged symmetrically. The ratchet teeth 58 cooperate with the ratchet inner teeth of the ratchet disc 59. The ratchet teeth 58 are fixed to the collection base 4 through the second rotating shaft. A plurality of first magnets 510 are fixed to the bottom of the ratchet disc 59. Coil mounting columns 511 are correspondingly arranged below the plurality of first magnets 510. Coils are arranged on the coil mounting columns 511. In this embodiment, the first magnets 510 are preferably arranged at four locations, and the magnetic poles of the adjacent first magnets 510 in the four locations are opposite. A plurality of bearings 54 are arranged on the contact side of the C-shaped collection arm 51 and the horizontal conversion inclined column 12. The plurality of bearings 54 are fixed to the C-shaped collection arm 51 through bearing rods 55. The bearing 54 is used to convert the vertical position of the horizontal conversion inclined column 12 into the horizontal displacement of the C-shaped collection arm 51, thereby facilitating the collection of potential energy by the magnetoelectric collection mechanism 5.

[0043] The piezoelectric collection mechanism 6 includes a piezoelectric cantilever beam 61 and a second magnet 62. One end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam 61 is fixed on the collection base 4, and the other end is fixed to the second magnet 62. A third magnet 63 that cooperates with the second magnet 62 is arranged on the horizontal conversion inclined column 12. The piezoelectric cantilever beam 13 includes a piezoelectric sheet and a silicon steel sheet. The piezoelectric sheet and the silicon steel sheet are designed as an integral whole, and the piezoelectric sheet and the silicon steel sheet are formed by rolling or hot rolling. Specifically, during the up and down movement of the collection lifting plate 1, the third magnet 63 inside the collection lifting plate will move up and down. In this way, with the help of the magnetic force of the third magnet 63, the second magnet 62 on the piezoelectric cantilever beam 61 is caused to vibrate, thereby completing the energy collection of the piezoelectric part. The second magnet 62 configured at the end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam 61 acts as a mass block, which is both a mass block and a medium for generating piezoelectric energy. When the collection lifting plate 1 moves downward, the third magnet 63 installed on the collection lifting plate 1 attracts the second magnet 62 at the end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam 61 to complete the collection of piezoelectric energy.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, the collection base 4 is provided with an upper mounting plate 2 and a lower mounting plate 3, and the magnetoelectric collection mechanism 5 is installed between the upper mounting plate 2 and the lower mounting plate 3. The collection base 4 is provided with a first guide cylinder 41 that cooperates with two guide columns 11, and the upper mounting plate 2 is provided with a second guide cylinder 21 that cooperates with two guide columns 11. The collection base 4 is also provided with a lower coil matching hole 45 that cooperates with the coil mounting column 511. The collection base 4 is provided with a piezoelectric mounting bracket 43 for mounting the piezoelectric cantilever beam 61, and the piezoelectric mounting bracket 43 is provided with a mounting clamp 44 that presses the piezoelectric cantilever beam 61, and the piezoelectric mounting bracket 43 is connected to the mounting clamp 44 by screws. The collection base 4 is provided with an inclined column matching groove 42 that cooperates with the horizontal conversion inclined column 12, and a second reset spring that cooperates with the horizontal conversion inclined column 12 is provided in the inclined column matching groove 42, and the second reset spring is used to reset the collection lifting plate 1. The rebound characteristics of four first return springs and one second return spring ensure that the entire energy harvesting device stably returns to the initial state, thereby ensuring a stable excitation effect.

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown, four guide columns 11 and one horizontal conversion inclined column 12 are arranged on the collection lifting plate 1, and downward inclined guide surfaces are arranged on the contact side between the horizontal conversion inclined column 12 and the C-shaped collection arm 51, and a magnet mounting hole 13 for mounting a third magnet 63 is also arranged on the horizontal conversion inclined column 12.

[0046] like Fig. 9 As shown, a second guide cylinder 21 cooperating with two guide columns 11 is provided on the upper mounting plate 2, and a C-shaped collection arm 51, a double gear 56, a ratchet drive tooth 57, and a ratchet disc 59 are installed between the upper mounting plate 2 and the lower mounting plate 3.

[0047] like Fig.10 As shown, the lower mounting plate 3 is provided with a limit block 33, an upper coil matching hole 31 matching with the coil mounting column 511, and a collection arm support portion 32 matching with the C-shaped collection arm 51. The C-shaped collection arm 51 is provided with a limit protrusion 512 matching with the limit block 33, which is used to limit the rotation position of the C-shaped collection arm 51.

[0048] Working process and principle: When in use, the energy harvesting device is installed under the speed bump, the top of the harvesting lifting plate 1 is connected to the speed bump, the coil of the magnetoelectric harvesting mechanism 5 is connected to the power generation system, and the piezoelectric harvesting mechanism is connected to the power generation system. The power generation system includes a rectifier, a battery, etc. When the harvesting lifting plate 1 of the energy harvesting device moves downward under the force of the road surface, during the movement, the device converts the vertical force into a horizontal thrust through the bearing 54 on the C-shaped harvesting arm 51, so that the harvesting teeth on the C-shaped harvesting arm 51 drive the double gear 56 to move, and then the horizontal movement is converted into rotational movement through the ratchet drive teeth 57, and the continuous unidirectional rotation is obtained through the unidirectional effective cooperation of the ratchet teeth 58 and the ratchet disk 58. At the same time, the four first magnets 510 (the four permanent magnets are evenly distributed in the circular hole below the ratchet disk, and the polarities of the two adjacent ones are opposite) integrated with the ratchet disk 59 will follow the high-speed rotation, so as to exert a certain pressure on the first magnet 510. The four coils below a magnet 510 cut the magnetic flux lines to complete the energy collection of the electromagnetic part; when the collection tooth 52 on the C-shaped collection arm 51 moves to a certain distance, the torsion spring 53, four first return springs and one return spring will make it move in the opposite direction back to its original position, and the torsion spring 53 on the C-shaped collection arm 51 will make the collection lifting plate 1 move upward and return to its original position. During the up and down movement of the collection lifting plate 1, the third magnet 63 inside the collection lifting plate will move up and down. In this way, with the help of the magnetic force of the third magnet 63, the second magnet 62 on the piezoelectric cantilever beam 61 is caused to vibrate, completing the energy collection of the piezoelectric part.

Claims

1. A road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device, characterized in that: It comprises a collection lifting plate (1) and a collection base (4), wherein the bottom of the collection lifting plate (1) is provided with a plurality of guide columns (11) and a horizontal conversion inclined column (12), and the top of the collection base (4) is provided with a guide cylinder matched with the guide column (11), and a first return spring is provided in the guide cylinder; A magnetoelectric collection mechanism (5) and a piezoelectric collection mechanism (6) are provided between the collection lifting plate (1) and the collection base (4); the magnetoelectric collection mechanism (5) is used to collect the potential energy of the horizontal conversion inclined column (12) in the horizontal direction, and the piezoelectric collection mechanism (6) is used to collect the potential energy of the horizontal conversion inclined column (12) in the vertical direction.

2. The road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magnetoelectric collection mechanism (5) comprises a C-shaped collection arm (51) matched with the horizontal conversion inclined column (12), a double gear (56), a ratchet drive tooth (57), a ratchet clamping tooth (58), a ratchet disc (59), a first magnet (510) and a coil installation column (511); one end of the C-shaped collection arm (51) is rotatably connected to the collection base (4) via a first rotating shaft; a torsion spring (53) is provided between the C-shaped collection arm (51) and the first rotating shaft; a collection tooth (52) matched with the double gear (56) is provided on the inner side of the C-shaped collection arm (51); the collection tooth (52) meshes with the input end of the double gear (56) The output end of the double gear (56) is meshed with the ratchet drive tooth (57); the bottom of the ratchet drive tooth (57) is rotatably connected with two ratchet teeth (58); the two ratchet teeth (58) are centrally symmetrically arranged; the ratchet teeth (58) cooperate with the ratchet inner teeth of the ratchet disc (59); the ratchet teeth (58) are fixed to the collection base (4) through a second rotating shaft; a plurality of first magnets (510) are fixed to the bottom of the ratchet disc (59); coil mounting posts (511) are correspondingly arranged below the plurality of first magnets (510); and coils are arranged on the coil mounting posts (511).

3. The road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The contact side of the horizontal conversion inclined column (12) and the C-shaped collection arm (51) is provided with a downwardly inclined guiding inclined surface.

4. The road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of bearings (54) are arranged on the contact side of the C-shaped collection arm (51) and the horizontal conversion inclined column (12), and the plurality of bearings (54) are fixed on the C-shaped collection arm (51) through bearing rods (55).

5. The road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first magnets (510) are arranged at four locations, and the magnetic poles of adjacent first magnets (510) in the four locations are opposite.

6. The road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The piezoelectric collection mechanism (6) comprises a piezoelectric cantilever beam (61) and a second magnet (62); one end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam (61) is fixed on a collection base (4), and the other end is fixed to the second magnet (62); and a third magnet (63) cooperating with the second magnet (62) is provided on the horizontal conversion inclined column (12).

7. The road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The collection base (4) is provided with a piezoelectric mounting bracket (43) for mounting the piezoelectric cantilever beam (61), the piezoelectric mounting bracket (43) is provided with a mounting clamp (44) for pressing the piezoelectric cantilever beam (61), and the piezoelectric mounting bracket (43) and the mounting clamp (44) are connected by screws.

8. The road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The piezoelectric cantilever beam (13) comprises a piezoelectric sheet and a silicon steel sheet, and the piezoelectric sheet and the silicon steel sheet are formed by rolling or hot rolling.

9. The road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting base (4) is provided with an inclined column matching groove (42) matching with the horizontal conversion inclined column (12), and a second return spring matching with the horizontal conversion inclined column (12) is provided in the inclined column matching groove (42).

10. The road electromagnetic piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The C-shaped collecting arm (51) is provided with a limiting protrusion (512), and the collecting base (4) is provided with a limiting block (33) that cooperates with the limiting protrusion (512).

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