Lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-weight cultivation method for peony seedlings, and relates to the field of plant cultivation, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a substrate which comprises turf, perlite and corn straw according to a volume ratio of (1-3): (1-3): (1-3); 2, transplanting seedlings, namely transplanting peony seedlings which grow consistently into the matrix prepared in the step 1, and then transplanting the peony seedlings into a non-woven fabric seedling culture container with the volume of 20L; step 3, performing maintenance management after planting the peony seedlings transplanted in the step 2, and performing overwintering and cold protection. The method can effectively solve the problem that the requirement of annual appreciation of the peony cannot be met due to the fact that the main planting mode of the peony in China at present is open field cultivation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of plant cultivation, in particular to a lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) is a perennial deciduous shrub of the Ranunculaceae family and the genus Paeonia, with very high ornamental value. At present, the main planting method of peony in my country is open field cultivation, and the flowering period is mostly concentrated in May and June, which cannot meet the requirements of year-round viewing of peony. Therefore, exploring the soilless and lightweight cultivation of peony containers is an important means to solve the transportation and year-round production of peony pots. In previous studies, the research on container and substrate cultivation of peony was relatively shallow, and only involved the study of the agronomic traits of peony under different cultivation substrates, including the comparison of its physiological and flowering traits.

[0003] At present, the soilless cultivation of ornamental flowers is mainly focused on the study of the effects of different cultivation substrates on the quality and volatile substances of ornamental cut flowers. For example, agricultural waste is used to improve the physical and chemical properties of the cultivation substrate to increase the content of linalool in lavender and reduce the cost of cultivation. When studying the reduced-weight and lightweight cultivation of peony (Paeonia lactiflora), it is believed that the use of agricultural waste for peony potting can not only ensure the quality of flowering, but also reduce the cost, and can replace the traditional peat substrate. China is a large agricultural country with abundant straw resources. In terms of straw utilization, straw is usually returned to the field to increase the content of soil organic matter. However, the use of corn straw residue as a lightweight substrate for potted flowers is less common.

[0004] Therefore, comparative studies on the effects of different cultivation substrates on the growth and physiological characteristics of potted peony seedlings will help to lighten the cultivation of potted peonies, reduce costs, and provide basic research for the year-round production of peonies. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings to solve the problem in the above background technology that the main planting method of peony in my country is open field cultivation, which cannot meet the requirements of year-round viewing of peony.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: preparing a matrix, the matrix comprising peat, perlite and corn stalks, wherein the volume ratio of the peat, perlite and corn stalks is 1-3:1-3:1-3;

[0008] Step 2: Transplanting seedlings: transplanting peony seedlings with uniform growth into the substrate prepared in step 1, and then transplanting them into a non-woven seedling container with a volume of 20 L;

[0009] Step 3: After planting the peony seedlings transplanted in step 2, they are maintained and managed, and protected from the cold during the winter;

[0010] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the peat, perlite and corn stalks is 3:1:3.

[0011] Furthermore, the peony seedlings are three-year-old purple-spotted peonies, and the seedlings that are healthy and free of diseases and insect pests are selected; the corn stalks are crushed into particles with a particle size of 6 to 8 mm and then composted.

[0012] Furthermore, the peat, perlite and corn stalks are all treated with 0.5% carbendazim for watering and disinfection.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention studies a lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings, which is helpful for lightweight cultivation of potted peonies and reduces costs, and provides basic research for the year-round production of peonies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a growth comparison chart of peony seedlings in groups T1, T2, T3, T6, T8 and T9;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a growth comparison chart of peony seedlings in the CK, T4, T5 and T7 groups. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings of this embodiment includes:

[0018] Step 1: prepare a matrix, which includes peat, perlite and corn stalks, and the volume ratio of peat, perlite and corn stalks is 1-3:1-3:1-3, as shown in Table 1.

[0019] Table 1 Different matrix ratios

[0020]

[0021] The corn stalks were crushed into particles with a diameter of 6 to 8 mm and then decomposed. All substrates were disinfected by irrigation with 0.5% carbendazim.

[0022] Step 2: Transplanting seedlings. Transplant peony seedlings with consistent growth into the substrate prepared in step 1, and then transplant them into a non-woven seedling container with a volume of 20L. The peony seedlings are purple-spotted peony 3a seedlings and select seedlings that are healthy and free of diseases and insect pests.

[0023] Step 3: After planting the peony seedlings transplanted in step 2, carry out maintenance and management and protect them from the cold during the winter.

[0024] After the peony seedlings in step 3 sprout, start recording data and measuring performance indicators as shown below:

[0025] 1. Analysis of physical properties of different cultivation substrates

[0026] The physical properties of the cultivation substrate are one of the important factors affecting the growth quality of seedlings. The analysis of soil physical and chemical properties includes bulk density, total porosity, large and small pore ratio and substrate pH. The determination method is based on Zhang Ganlin's method. The results are shown in Table 2. It can be seen from Table 2 that the bulk density of the 9 different formulations of the cultivation substrate is less than CK, ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 g / cm 3 Compared with Ck, the difference reached an extremely significant level. The difference between T1T2 and T8 and T9 was not significant, but the difference between T5 and T6 was extremely significant. In terms of total porosity, CK had the smallest total porosity, T3 had the largest total porosity, T3 had no significant difference compared with T1, T5 and T8, and T3 had no significant difference compared with T2, T5 and T6. In terms of the ratio of large and small pores, CK had the smallest ratio of large and small pores, T8 had the largest ratio of large and small pores, T8 had no significant difference compared with T6, and it reached an extremely significant level compared with other treatment groups. The pH of the T7 and T8 treatment groups was the smallest, and the difference between the two was not significant, but the difference compared with other treatment groups was extremely significant.

[0027] Table 2 Analysis of physical properties of different cultivation substrates

[0028]

[0029] Note: Data in the same column with different letters after them are significantly different at the 0.05 level, the same below.

[0030] 2. Effects of different cultivation media on peony growth

[0031] Plant height, crown width, ground diameter, root length, and number of compound leaves were measured for the first time after the peony seedlings fully expanded their leaves. After 4 months of the same maintenance and management in different substrates, the second measurement was carried out before the peony seedlings went dormant. The difference between the two measurements was used as the increase in plant height, crown width, ground diameter, root length, and number of compound leaves. At the same time, the leaf area was measured according to Chen Shaopeng's method. The results are shown in Table 3. It can be seen from Table 3 that different substrates have significant effects on the growth of peony. The increase in plant height of peony grown in CK is the largest, and the difference is extremely significant compared with other treatment groups. The second is T4 and T7 treatment groups. The difference between the two is not significant, but the difference is extremely significant compared with other treatment groups. CK has the largest increase in crown width, but it is not significantly different from T4. T6 has the smallest increase in crown width, and it is not significantly different from T9. T5 has the largest increase in ground diameter, and it is not significantly different from T7, T8 and CK. T2 and T3 have the smallest increase in ground diameter. T7 had the largest number of primary roots, which was not significantly different from T8, T3 and CK, but significantly different from other treatment groups. CK had the largest increase in root length, which was extremely significantly different from other treatment groups. CK had the largest increase in compound leaves, which was not significantly different from T5, and the differences between CK and T5 and other groups were extremely significant. In terms of leaf area, T7 had the largest leaf area, which was not significantly different from CK, but extremely significantly different from other treatment groups.

[0032] Table 3 Analysis of different cultivation media on the growth of peony

[0033]

[0034] 3. Effects of different cultivation media on peony biomass and macronutrient content in leaves

[0035] The aboveground and underground parts of peony seedlings were collected, washed and dried in the shade, and the fresh weight was weighed. The biomass was calculated by drying at 105℃. The results are shown in Table 4. The aboveground biomass of CK was the largest, which was significantly different from the other treatment groups, while the underground biomass was the largest in the T8 treatment group, which was significantly different from the other treatment groups. In terms of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium, the contents of the T7 treatment group were the highest, which were significantly different from the other treatment groups.

[0036] Table 4 Effects of different cultivation media on peony biomass and macronutrient content in leaves

[0037]

[0038] 4. Effects of different cultivation media on physiological parameters of peony

[0039] The results are shown in Table 5. The chlorophyll content of CK was higher than that of other treatment groups, but the difference with T7 group was not significant; the soluble sugar content of T7 treatment was the highest, and the difference was extremely significant compared with other treatments; the soluble protein content of CK treatment group was the highest, and the difference with T7 group was not significant, but the difference with other treatment groups was extremely significant.

[0040] Table 5 Effects of different cultivation media on physiological parameters of peony

[0041]

[0042] 5. Correlation Analysis

[0043] The total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium of the plants were determined by semi-micro Kjeldahl method, molybdenum antimony colorimetry and flame photometry, respectively; the chlorophyll content, soluble sugar and soluble protein were determined by alcohol-acetone solution colorimetry, anthrone colorimetry and Coomassie brilliant blue method, respectively. The physical properties of the substrate were correlated with the growth and physiological indicators. The results are shown in Table 6. The bulk density was correlated with the increase in plant height, crown width, root length, compound leaf, leaf area, aboveground biomass, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein. There was an extremely significant positive correlation between porosity and soluble protein; there was an extremely significant negative correlation between total porosity and the increase in plant height, increase in crown width, increase in root length, increase in compound leaves, leaf area, aboveground biomass, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein; there was an extremely significant negative correlation between the ratio of large and small pores and the increase in plant height, increase in crown width, increase in root length, increase in compound leaves, leaf area, aboveground biomass, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll (a / b ratio); there was an extremely significant negative correlation between pH and underground biomass, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and soluble protein.

[0044] Table 6 Correlation analysis between physical properties of different substrates and growth and physiological indicators

[0045]

[0046] *Significant correlation at the 0.05 level: **Significant correlation at the 0.01 level.

[0047] 6. Membership function analysis

[0048] The data were expressed as mean ± standard error. Excel 2010 and Origin7.5 were used for data processing. The membership function was calculated using the formula R(X) = X-Xmin / Xmax-Xmin. The membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the various indicators of peony seedlings in 10 groups with different cultivation substrates. The performance of each indicator was proportional to the comprehensive evaluation score. The results are shown in Table 7. The membership function values ​​of various growth physiological indicators of peony seedlings in different cultivation substrates were as follows: CK>T7>T5>T4>T8>T1>T6>T3>T9>T2.

[0049] Table 7 Comprehensive evaluation values ​​of membership functions of various growth physiological indicators of peony in different cultivation media

[0050]

[0051] 7. Results and Analysis

[0052] Lightweight cultivation of peony is of great significance for potted peony. Relevant research points out that when the substrate bulk density is 0.10-0.80g / cm 3 , when the total porosity is between 70% and 90%, it is conducive to transportation and can meet the requirements of plant fixation and growth. In this experiment, garden soil has the largest bulk density, the smallest total porosity and the smallest ratio of large and small pores compared with the other 9 cultivation substrates. By further measuring the growth and physiological indicators of peony in 10 substrates, it is shown that the peony planted in garden soil has a higher growth rate, chlorophyll content and soluble protein content. The analysis using the membership function also shows that the comprehensive evaluation score of garden soil is the highest and it is suitable for peony growth. Although garden soil has more comprehensive nutrients and can support plant growth, it has a larger bulk density and a smaller total porosity, resulting in a large weight per unit volume of garden soil and poor permeability, which is not conducive to the planting and transportation of potted flowers. Therefore, it is not suitable for lightweight cultivation of peonies.

[0053] Among the 9 cultivation media, the increase in crown width, ground diameter, number of primary roots, increase in root length and leaf area of ​​the T7 treatment group were not significantly different from those of the CK. At the same time, the content of a large number of nutrients on the leaf surface of the T7 treatment group was higher than that of the other treatment groups. Among the physiological indicators, the chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein content of the T7 treatment group were higher than those of the other treatment groups or were not significantly different from those of the CK. The membership function analysis showed that the comprehensive evaluation score of the T7 treatment group was lower than that of the CK group, but higher than that of the other treatment groups. At the same time, the soil bulk density of the T7 treatment group was one-third of that of the CK, the soil porosity was close to 70%, and the soil was slightly acidic. In addition, the T5 treatment group also performed well in the increase in ground diameter, increase in compound leaves and leaf area, and the membership function comprehensive evaluation score was second only to that of the T7 treatment group.

[0054] Both T7 and T5 treatment groups have lower soil bulk density and higher porosity, and are slightly acidic, which is related to the higher amount of peat and corn straw added in the ratio. Related studies have pointed out that peat soil is rich in humus and humic acid, which can reduce the pH of the soil and affect the pH of the soil. At the same time, both T7 and T5 treatment groups have lower amounts of perlite added, and the proportion of perlite in the T7 treatment group is the lowest. Kim pointed out in a study on the characteristics of horticultural substrates that increasing the proportion of peat in the substrate can increase plant growth. In a study of blueberry planting substrates, it was pointed out that increasing the content of perlite can reduce the total dry weight of high-bush blueberries, and the large-scale use of perlite in the cultivation substrate may be harmful. Corn straw is rich in resources and low in cost in the Northeast. As a cultivation substrate, the main mineral nutrient content of decomposed corn straw is generally higher than that of peat substrate, and the humic acid content is lower than that of peat. Corn straw is widely used in the cultivation substrate of horticultural crops such as tomatoes, peppers, and gladiolus, and has played a good role. Correlation analysis indicated that the increase in plant height, crown width, root length, compound leaf area, aboveground biomass, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, and soluble protein were significantly positively correlated with soil bulk density and negatively correlated with soil porosity. In this study, it was found that increasing the content ratio of peat and corn stalks in the cultivation medium can effectively ensure the normal growth of peony (comprehensive evaluation of membership function T7>T4>T1), which may be related to the sufficient nutrients of peat and corn stalks and their suitable porosity.

[0055] This experiment shows that garden soil is the most suitable planting medium for peony. However, due to its high bulk density, garden soil is not conducive to potting and transportation. Peonies grown in the T7 treatment group (peat: perlite: corn straw = 3:1:3) have similar growth and physiological performances to garden soil, and its bulk density is only one-third of that of garden soil, making it suitable as a lightweight cultivation medium for peonies.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings, characterized in that: Step 1: preparing a matrix, the matrix comprising peat, perlite and corn stalks, wherein the volume ratio of the peat, perlite and corn stalks is 1-3:1-3:1-3; Step 2: Transplanting seedlings: transplanting peony seedlings with uniform growth into the substrate prepared in step 1, and then transplanting them into a non-woven seedling container with a volume of 20 L; Step 3: After planting the peony seedlings transplanted in step 2, carry out maintenance and management and protect them from the cold during the winter.

2. A lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the peat, perlite and corn stalks is 3:1:

3.

3. A lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peony seedlings are three-year-old purple-spotted peonies, and the seedlings that are healthy and free of diseases and insect pests are selected; the corn stalks are crushed into particles with a particle size of 6 to 8 mm and then composted.

4. A lightweight cultivation method for peony seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peat, perlite and corn stalks are all treated with 0.5% carbendazim for watering and disinfection.

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