Twig cutting propagation method for viburnum japonicum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetative propagation methods for plants, in particular to a rapid vegetative propagation method for viburnum japonicum. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing yellow subsoil, perlite and peat according to a volume ratio of 3: 1: 1 to prepare a cutting medium; (2) taking new full-lignified branches of a viburnum japonicum stock plant growing for 2-3 years as cutting slips; (3) soaking the cutting slips in a rooting accelerant with the concentration of 100-300mg / L for 0.5-1 hour in June, and then performing cuttage on the soaked cutting slips on a cutting bed; (4) management after cuttage: uncovering the film and replenishing water once 30 days after cuttage, and uncovering the film in mid-to-late October. The method has the advantages of fast growth and reproduction, high survival rate, low cost, easy popularization and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant asexual propagation methods, in particular to a Viburnum japonicum softwood cutting propagation method. Background Art

[0002] Viburnum japonicum is an evergreen shrub of the genus Viburnum in the family Caprifoliaceae. It is only distributed in the western Pacific Rim islands. It has been recorded in Japan, South Korea, and Taizhou, Linhai, and Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China. The number of wild Viburnum japonicum in China is very rare. It mainly grows under forests, shrubs, and piles of rocks on island slopes. The soil is poor and the water content is low. This species has been included in the list of key protected wild plants in Zhejiang Province (the first batch) and is one of the species to be rescued and protected in Zhejiang Province with extremely small populations. At present, the research on Viburnum japonicum mainly focuses on the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant leaves and the effects of drought stress on its photosynthesis and physiological and ecological characteristics, but there is no report on its cutting seedling cultivation. However, due to the extremely narrow distribution area of ​​the existing population and the extremely small number of individuals, exploring effective asexual reproduction methods is of great significance for preserving its germplasm resources and expanding its population.

[0003] Cutting propagation is one of the most effective propagation methods to maintain the excellent traits of varieties. Its advantages are fast speed, low cost, and simplicity. Plant growth regulators play an important role in promoting the survival of cuttings and regulating plant growth and development. Treatment with exogenous growth regulators is an important technical means to promote the rooting of cuttings. At present, growth regulators are widely used in the cutting propagation of seedlings of forest trees, flowers and Chinese medicinal materials, which can significantly improve the survival rate of cuttings. The wild source of Japanese Viburnum is rare and precious. The Japanese Viburnum cutting seedling breeding experiment was carried out to screen out the best method for the propagation of asexual plants, providing a scientific basis for the rapid expansion of Japanese Viburnum. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Japanese Viburnum softwood cutting propagation method in view of the shortcomings of the current Japanese Viburnum asexual propagation technology. The present invention has the advantages of fast growth and propagation, high survival rate, low cost, easy promotion, etc.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for rapid asexual propagation of Viburnum japonicum, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Preparation of culture matrix;

[0008] (2) Selection of culture materials;

[0009] (3) Treatment and transplanting of culture materials;

[0010] (4) Management after transplanting.

[0011] Furthermore, the step (1) is specifically as follows: loess soil, perlite and peat are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:1 to prepare a culture matrix.

[0012] Furthermore, the step (2) is specifically as follows: taking new fully lignified branches of a Japanese Viburnum mother plant that has grown for 2 to 3 years as cuttings, with a length of 7 to 10 cm, cutting the branches obliquely at 45 degrees, leaving two leaves on each cutting, cutting half of each leaf, with the lower cutting 4.0 to 6.0 cm away from the first leaf node, and the upper cutting 2.0 cm away from the first leaf node, and tying 30 to 50 cuttings into a bundle with a rope.

[0013] Furthermore, the step (3) is specifically as follows: in June, the cuttings are soaked in a rooting promoter with a concentration of 100-300 mg / L for 0.5-1 hour, and then the soaked cuttings are planted on a cutting bed with a row spacing of 8.0 cm×5.0 cm and a depth of 4.0-6.0 cm. The soil is compacted while the cuttings are planted. After planting, the cuttings are watered thoroughly and sprinkled with a fungicide solution. After the cutting bed is planted, an arch shed is built and covered with a nylon film.

[0014] Furthermore, the concentration of the rooting promoter is 200 mg / L, and the soaking time is 1 hour.

[0015] Furthermore, the cutting bed is arranged in a greenhouse or a shade shed, the height of the shed is not less than 2.0m, the shading rate of the shading net is not less than 75%, and the cutting bed is deep-turned, loosened, weeded and disinfected one month before cutting.

[0016] Furthermore, on the day of cutting, the land was prepared and the bed was built. The bed was 1.0m wide, the ditch was 30.0cm wide and 20.0cm deep, and thin wooden boards were used on both sides to retain the soil.

[0017] Furthermore, the step (4) is specifically as follows: 30 days after the cuttings, the film is removed and water is replenished once, and the film is removed in mid-to-late October.

[0018] Furthermore, the rooting promoter is ABT-1 rooting powder, Guoguang-naphthaleneacetic acid powder or 863 rooting agent.

[0019] The present invention has the following technical features:

[0020] 1) Due to different growth environments and management methods, the time for new branches to become lignified is very different. For example, long branches and plants with good fertilizer and water will become lignified later. Therefore, the present invention selects the cutting time from the beginning to the end of June as the best.

[0021] 2) The present invention selects the newly grown fully lignified branches of the Japanese Viburnum mother plant as cuttings, which take root for about 30 days, grow and reproduce quickly, and have a survival rate of more than 95%, with a high cutting survival rate. Correspondingly, the survival rate of cuttings without lignification is less than 30%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following specific examples are further illustrations of the methods and technical solutions provided by the present invention, but should not be construed as limitations of the present invention.

[0023] (I) Test site

[0024] Embodiment The softwood cutting propagation method of Viburnum japonicum was tested, and the test site was arranged in the nursery cutting of Linhai Forestry Technology Extension General Station, with the geographical location of 121°0'18.99" east longitude and 28°52'51.33" north latitude, belonging to the subtropical monsoon humid climate, with four distinct seasons, an annual average temperature of 17°C, an average temperature of 5.8°C in January, an average temperature of 28°C in July, an extreme minimum temperature of 40.2°C, an extreme maximum temperature of -6.9°C, an annual accumulated temperature of 5370°C, and a frost-free period of 241d; the annual average precipitation was 1550mm, the annual evaporation was 1231.4mm, May to June was the plum rain season, July to September was mainly sunny, and typhoon activities were more frequent at the turn of summer and autumn.

[0025] (II) Test materials

[0026] Cuttings are from seeds (seeds collected from Houshatou, Tianao Island, Linhai City) of Viburnum japonicum (2-3 years old) seedlings. The collected branches should be kept moisturized, and the cuttings should be done in time. The cuttings are 7-10 cm long, and the cuttings are cut at an angle of about 45 degrees. Each cutting leaves two leaves (buds), and each leaf is cut in half. The lower cutting is 4.0-6.0 cm away from the first leaf node (bud), and the upper cutting is 2.0 cm away from the first leaf node (bud). Use ropes to tie 30-50 cuttings in a bundle. Two types of cuttings are selected: fully lignified branches newly grown in the current year and branches that are not fully lignified.

[0027] The cutting bed should be located in a greenhouse or shade shed. The height of the shed should be no less than 2.0m, which is convenient for operation and sunshade. The sunshade rate of the sunshade should be no less than 75%. The ambient temperature has a great influence on the survival rate of cuttings, especially for cuttings with low degree of lignification. When the temperature in the shed reaches 38 degrees, they will wilt immediately, start to drop leaves in about a week, and slowly die. During the high temperature period from July to September, it is necessary to ensure that the shade net and film are not blown by the wind or damaged by people and animals. Otherwise, if the temperature in the shed exceeds 45 degrees, all the seedlings may die in just one day. Deeply plow and loosen the soil of the cutting bed one month in advance, weed, and disinfect with (1000 times carbendazim). On the day of cutting, the land was prepared and the bed was built. The bed was 1.0m wide, the ditch was 30.0cm wide and 20.0cm deep, and thin wooden boards were used on both sides to retain the soil. The cutting bed was covered with 5-10.0cm of loess soil or a mixed matrix of loess soil, perlite and peat, that is, a mixture of loess soil, perlite and peat in a ratio of 3:1:1.

[0028] During the experiment, three rooting promoters were used, including ABT-1 rooting powder (ABT R&D Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry), Guoguang-naphthaleneacetic acid powder (Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd.), and 863 rooting agent (aqueous agent) (Anya Hedun Crop Protection Agent Co., Ltd.). Three concentration gradients were set for each rooting promoter, with different concentrations of 100, 200, and 300 mg / L, and the treatment time was set at 0.5h and 1.0h, respectively, and soaking in clean water was used as the control.

[0029] (III) Test methods

[0030] The experiment adopted a randomized block design. There were 3 replicates, each replicate had 9 treatments with 3 different concentrations of rooting promoters, and a control without rooting promoter treatment. Each treatment had 50 branches.

[0031] The best time for cutting is June 8-20, 2016. Cut the soaked cuttings in time, with a row spacing of about 8.0cm×5.0cm. Generally, the leaves should not block each other, and the depth should be 4.0-6.0cm. Use a bamboo stick to make holes, and then insert the cuttings, compacting the soil with your fingers while inserting. After inserting, water thoroughly and sprinkle with about 1000 times of carbendazim and other fungicide solutions. After a cutting bed is inserted, a small arch shed is built in time and covered with nylon film.

[0032] Observe the temperature and humidity of the planting bed in time, and ensure that the planting bed is fully covered with sunshade nets. Generally, the film is removed and water is replenished once every 30 days. Roots grow around 35 days, and the plastic film is removed in mid-to-late October. Pay attention to timely removal of weeds.

[0033] After cutting, the growth of cuttings was observed every 5-7 days, and the rooting process was recorded. About 40 days after cutting, the number of rooted plants in each experimental treatment was counted; 3 months later (late October), 6 plants were randomly selected from each repeated treatment (all plants with less than 6 survivals were measured) to observe the number of roots, average root length, growth index and other indicators of each experimental treatment.

[0034] (IV) Effect of the degree of lignification of cuttings on the survival rate of cuttings

[0035] According to experiments, cuttings that are not fully lignified take root faster, generally in about 22 days. However, if there are no cooling conditions in summer, the cuttings will fall off their leaves and die due to the high temperature, and the survival rate often does not reach 30%. The rooting time of fully lignified cuttings is about 30 days, and the survival rate can reach more than 95%.

[0036] (V) Effects of different substrates and plant growth regulator treatment conditions on rooting of cuttings

[0037] The invention studies in detail the rooting rate, average root number and average root length of Viburnum japonicum softwood cuttings from the aspects of substrate, type, concentration and soaking time of plant growth regulator.

[0038] Table 1 shows the effects of different plant growth regulators, treatment concentrations, and soaking time on the survival of fully lignified cuttings in pure loess soil substrate;

[0039] Table 2 shows the effects of different rooting promoters, treatment concentrations, and soaking time on the survival of fully lignified cuttings under mixed matrix;

[0040] Table 3 shows the effects of different treatment concentrations and immersion time of Guoguang-naphthaleneacetic acid on the survival of semi-lignified cuttings in pure loess soil matrix.

[0041] Table 1

[0042]

[0043] Table 2

[0044]

[0045] Table 3

[0046]

[0047] The following conclusions can be drawn from the data in Tables 1, 2 and 3:

[0048] (1) From the beginning to the end of June, it is best to choose new branches that have become lignified. Due to different growth environments and management methods, the time for new branches to become lignified varies greatly. For example, long branches and plants with good fertilizer and water will become lignified later. If the cuttings are not fully lignified, the survival rate of the cuttings will be affected. According to tests, cuttings that are not fully lignified will take root faster, usually in about 22 days. However, if there is no cooling condition in summer, the cuttings will fall off due to high temperature and die, and the survival rate often does not reach 30%. The rooting time of fully lignified cuttings is about 30 days, and the survival rate can reach more than 95%.

[0049] (2) The type of growth promoter and immersion time have little effect on the survival rate of cuttings, but the concentration of growth promoter has a greater impact on the survival rate of cuttings.

[0050] The above embodiments are only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core concept. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications may be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid asexual propagation of Viburnum japonicum, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Preparation of culture matrix; (2) Selection of culture materials; (3) Treatment and transplanting of culture materials; (4) Management after transplanting.

2. The asexual reproduction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step (1) specifically comprises: mixing loess soil, perlite and peat in a volume ratio of 3:1:1 to prepare a culture matrix.

3. The asexual reproduction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (2) specifically comprises: taking new fully lignified branches of a Japanese Viburnum mother plant that has grown for 2 to 3 years as cuttings, with a length of 7 to 10 cm, cutting the branches obliquely at 45 degrees, leaving two leaves on each cutting, cutting half of each leaf, with the lower cutting being 4.0 to 6.0 cm away from the first leaf node, and the upper cutting being 2.0 cm away from the first leaf node, and tying 30 to 50 cuttings into a bundle with a rope.

4. The asexual reproduction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (3) is specifically as follows: in June, the cuttings are soaked in a rooting promoter with a concentration of 100-300 mg / L for 0.5-1 hour, and then the soaked cuttings are inserted into a cutting bed with a row spacing of 8.0 cm×5.0 cm and a depth of 4.0-6.0 cm. The soil is compacted while inserting the cuttings, and after inserting the cuttings, the soil is watered thoroughly and sprinkled with a fungicide solution. After the cutting bed is inserted, an arch shed is built and covered with a nylon film.

5. The asexual reproduction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the rooting promoter is 200 mg / L, and the soaking time is 1 hour.

6. The asexual reproduction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutting bed is arranged in a greenhouse or a shade shed, the height of the shed is not less than 2.0m, the shading rate of the sunshade net is not less than 75%, and the cutting bed is deep-turned, loosened, weeded and disinfected one month before cutting.

7. The asexual reproduction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: On the day of cutting, the land is prepared and the bed is built. The bed width is 1.0m, the ditch width is 30.0cm, and the depth is 20.0cm. Thin wooden boards are used on both sides to retain the soil.

8. The asexual reproduction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (4) is specifically as follows: 30 days after the cuttings, the film is removed and water is replenished once, and the film is removed in mid-to-late October.

9. The asexual reproduction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rooting promoter is ABT-1 rooting powder, Guoguang-naphthaleneacetic acid powder or 863 rooting agent.

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