Fresh water cultivation method for mangrove plant female canarium pimela

Abstract

The invention provides a fresh water cultivation method for female mangrove plant canarium pimela, which comprises the following steps: (1) seed treatment: taking female canarium pimela seeds, and performing seed soaking treatment by adopting a seed soaking solution; performing sterilization treatment after seed soaking, and drying in the shade; the seed soaking liquid is black false hellebore leaf extract with the mass concentration of 20-30% (2) sowing: preparing a seedling raising substrate, and dibbling seeds in a seedling raising bag containing the seedling raising substrate; the seedling raising substrate contains sandy loam, livestock manure, leavening and phosphate fertilizer; the formula of the fermentation product comprises dry cow dung, livistona chinensis leaves, urea and bacillus flexus bacterial liquid; (3) seedling stage management. According to the method, the germination rate, the seedling height and the survival rate of the female sea olive in the fresh water environment are effectively guaranteed and promoted, the germination rate reaches 97% or above, the seedling height reaches 57 cm after seedling raising is conducted for 6 months, and the survival rate reaches 96% or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mangrove plant seedling cultivation, and in particular to a freshwater cultivation method of a mangrove plant, Mangrove Oleander. Background Art

[0002] Mangrove plants usually grow in coastal intertidal zones and have long adapted to marine or brackish water environments. Their growth environments have the characteristics of high salinity, tidal changes, and special soil conditions. In the prior art, the cultivation of mangrove plants is mainly concentrated in their native marine or brackish water environments. However, with environmental changes and the diversified demand for plant resources, it is of great significance to explore the cultivation methods of mangrove plants in freshwater environments. The adaptability of mangrove plants to freshwater cultivation varies from variety to variety. For example, studies have shown that some mangrove plant varieties such as Aegiceras corniculatum, Sonneratia apetala, and Sonneratia caseolaris can grow normally in freshwater environments, showing good adaptability and growth performance. Other varieties such as Kandelia candel and Excoecaria agallocha have low survival rates and poor growth under freshwater conditions.

[0003] Avicennia marina, scientific name, is an important mangrove plant. Avicennia marina likes warm and humid climate, mostly grows in the seaside and salt marsh areas, and is distributed from high tide zone to low tide zone. As a pioneer tree species of mangroves, Avicennia marina plays an important role in wind and wave protection, siltation and beach protection, embankment stability, and ecological balance regulation. At present, the cultivation of Avicennia marina is still mainly concentrated in brackish water environment. Due to the physiological characteristics and ecological needs of Avicennia marina, traditional cultivation methods face many challenges in freshwater environment. For example, the osmotic pressure of freshwater is significantly different from that of seawater, which leads to imbalance in water absorption or water loss of plant cells, affecting normal physiological functions. In addition, Avicennia marina has adapted to high-salt environment in the long-term evolution process, and its ion balance mechanism and metabolic pathway are not adapted to freshwater environment, thus affecting key physiological processes such as nutrient absorption and photosynthesis. Moreover, compared with seawater, in freshwater environment, there is a lack of some special trace elements or microbial communities necessary for the growth of Avicennia marina, which further increases the difficulty of cultivation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, in order to overcome the difficulties in the freshwater cultivation of the mangrove plant Mangrove Elata in the prior art, the inventors conducted in-depth research and innovation, and proposed a freshwater cultivation method for the mangrove plant Mangrove Elata.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A freshwater cultivation method of a mangrove plant, Mangrovea sutchuenensis, comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) Seed treatment

[0008] Take the female sea olive seeds, soak them in a soaking liquid, sterilize them after soaking, and dry them in the shade;

[0009] The seed soaking solution is 20-30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract (prepared with water);

[0010] The preparation method of the Veratrum leaf extract comprises: taking fresh Veratrum leaves, drying and crushing, extracting with petroleum ether at 60-70° C. by stirring, filtering, extracting the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70-75° C., collecting the ethyl acetate extract, and recovering the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract;

[0011] (2) Seeding

[0012] Prepare a seedling raising matrix, and sow the seeds in a seedling raising bag containing the seedling raising matrix; the seedling raising matrix contains sandy loam, livestock excrement, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer;

[0013] The fermentation product formula includes: poultry and livestock manure, palm leaves, urea, and Bacillus flexus liquid;

[0014] The method for producing the fermented product comprises taking poultry and livestock manure, palm leaves, urea, and bacillus flexus liquid, spreading them, sprinkling water and mixing them well, piling them into strips, and fermenting them for 3-5 days;

[0015] (3) Seedling management

[0016] Water regularly and fertilize.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of sandy loam to livestock manure, fermented product and phosphate fertilizer is 70-80:2-5:10-17:8-10.

[0018] Preferably, the fermentation product formula includes, by weight: 75-80 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 16.5-21 parts of palmetto leaves, 1-0.5 parts of urea, and 2-3 parts of Bacillus flexus bacterial liquid.

[0019] Preferably, the seed soaking treatment time is 3-5 days.

[0020] Preferably, the preparation method of the Veratrum leaf extract comprises: taking fresh Veratrum leaves, drying and crushing, extracting with petroleum ether at 60-70° C. with stirring for 5-7 hours, filtering, extracting the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70-75° C. for 8-10 hours, collecting the ethyl acetate extract, and recovering the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0021] Preferably, the livestock manure is dry cow dung.

[0022] Preferably, the seed soaking solution is Veratrum leaf extract with a mass concentration of 30%.

[0023] Preferably, the mass ratio of sandy loam, livestock manure, fermentation product and phosphate fertilizer is 80:2:10:10.

[0024] Preferably, the preparation method of the Veratrum leaf extract is: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush, extract with petroleum ether at 60°C for 5 hours with stirring, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0025] Preferably, the seedling management method is: water once a day for the first two months of seedling raising, and water once a week thereafter. Fertilizer water is applied once after 2 months of seedling raising.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial results of the present invention are:

[0027] The present invention introduces a specific seed soaking solution, which can help the mangroves to re-establish a relatively stable ion balance and metabolic pattern in a freshwater environment, promote seed germination, ensure nutrient absorption, and establish a foundation for subsequent seedling growth. Furthermore, in order to make up for the lack of special trace elements and microbial communities in the freshwater environment, a compound fertilizer rich in nutrients and beneficial microorganisms has been specially developed. This fertilizer can not only provide the trace elements required for the growth of mangroves, but also improve the ecological structure of the soil by introducing specific microbial communities and nutrient promoters, creating a more favorable microenvironment for the growth of mangroves.

[0028] The invention effectively ensures and promotes the germination rate, seedling height and survival rate of sea olive in a freshwater environment. The germination rate is as high as over 97%, the seedling height reaches 57 cm after 6 months of seedling cultivation, and the survival rate reaches over 96%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 : The seedlings cultivated by the embodiment of the present invention. After the seedling raising container is removed, the soil ball is surrounded by a well-developed root system in a net-like shape. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings.

[0031] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, water refers to fresh water.

[0032] Example 1 A freshwater cultivation method for mangrove plant Mangrove

[0033] (1) Seed treatment

[0034] Harvest the mature fruits of the sea olive (the peel changes from gray-green to yellow-green), soak the collected fruits in water for about 3 hours, and after the peel is separated from the seeds (also called hypocotyl), remove the peel floating on the water surface and rinse the seeds 2-3 times with clean water. Soak the seeds in a soaking solution for 5 days. The soaking solution is a 30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0035] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush them, extract them with petroleum ether at 60°C with stirring for 5 hours, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0036] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0037] (2) Seeding

[0038] Seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam and dry cow dung, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 80:2:10:10. The seeds were sown in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and the seedling bag was placed on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, the germination rate was counted (radicle length greater than 3 mm was used as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0039] The fermentation product formula is (by weight): 75 parts of dry cow dung, 21 parts of palm leaves, 1 part of urea, and 2 parts of Bacillus flexus (ATCC 49095). The preparation method is to take dry cow dung, palm leaves, urea, Bacillus flexus (containing 10 7 cfu / mL), spread it out, sprinkle water and mix it evenly (the amount of water sprinkled should be such that water drops can be seen when the mixture is held in the hand), pile it into a strip of 1.0m×0.5m×0.2m, and ferment it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day.

[0040] (3) Seedling management

[0041] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0042] Example 2 A freshwater cultivation method for mangrove plant sea olive

[0043] The technical parameters in the preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract can be adjusted within a certain range, and the following is one of the cases.

[0044] (1) Seed treatment

[0045] The mature fruits of the mangroves were harvested (the peel changed from gray-green to yellow-green), and the collected fruits were soaked in water for about 3 hours. After the peel was separated from the seeds (also called hypocotyls), the peel floating on the water was removed and the seeds were rinsed 2-3 times with clean water. The seeds were soaked in a soaking liquid for 3 days. The soaking liquid was a 30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0046] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush them, extract them with petroleum ether at 70°C with stirring for 7 hours, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 75°C for 8 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0047] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0048] (2) Seeding

[0049] Prepare a seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam and dry cow dung, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 80:2:10:10. Sow the seeds in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and place the seedling bag on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, count the germination rate (with radicle length greater than 3 mm as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0050] The fermentation product formula is (by weight): 75 parts of dry cow dung, 21 parts of palm leaves, 1 part of urea, and 2 parts of Bacillus flexus. The preparation method is to take dry cow dung, palm leaves, urea, Bacillus flexus (containing 10 7 cfu / mL), spread it out, sprinkle water and mix it evenly (the amount of water sprinkled should be such that water drops can be seen when the mixture is held in the hand), pile it into a 1.0m×0.5m×0.2m strip, ferment it for 3 days, and turn the pile over once a day.

[0051] (3) Seedling management

[0052] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0053] Example 3 A freshwater cultivation method for mangrove plant Mangrove

[0054] The technical parameters in the fermentation preparation method can be adjusted within a certain range. The following is one of the cases.

[0055] (1) Seed treatment

[0056] The mature fruits of the mangroves were harvested (the peel changed from gray-green to yellow-green), and the collected fruits were soaked in water for about 3 hours. After the peel was separated from the seeds (also called embryonic axis), the peel floating on the water was removed and the seeds were rinsed 2-3 times with clean water. The seeds were soaked in a soaking liquid for 5 days. The soaking liquid was a 30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0057] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush them, extract them with petroleum ether at 60°C with stirring for 5 hours, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0058] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0059] (2) Seeding

[0060] Seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam and dry cow dung, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 80:2:10:10. The seeds were sown in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and the seedling bag was placed on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, the germination rate was counted (radicle length greater than 3 mm was used as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0061] The fermentation product formula is (by weight): 80 parts of dry cow dung, 16.5 parts of palm leaves, 0.5 parts of urea, and 3 parts of Bacillus flexus. The preparation method is to take dry cow dung, palm leaves, urea, Bacillus flexus (containing 10 7 cfu / mL), spread it out, sprinkle water and mix it evenly (the amount of water sprinkled should be such that water drops can be seen when the mixture is held in the hand), pile it into a strip of 1.0m×0.5m×0.2m, and ferment it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day.

[0062] (3) Seedling management

[0063] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0064] Example 4 A freshwater cultivation method for mangrove plant Mangrove

[0065] The formula ratio of the seedling medium can be adjusted appropriately, and the following is one of the embodiments.

[0066] (1) Seed treatment

[0067] The mature fruits of the mangroves were harvested (the peel changed from gray-green to yellow-green), and the collected fruits were soaked in water for about 3 hours. After the peel was separated from the seeds (also called embryonic axis), the peel floating on the water was removed and the seeds were rinsed 2-3 times with clean water. The seeds were soaked in a soaking liquid for 5 days. The soaking liquid was a 30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0068] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush them, extract them with petroleum ether at 60°C with stirring for 5 hours, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0069] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0070] (2) Seeding

[0071] Seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam and dry cow dung, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 70:5:17:8. The seeds were sown in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and the seedling bag was placed on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, the germination rate was counted (radicle length greater than 3 mm was used as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0072] The fermentation product formula is (by weight): 75 parts of dry cow dung, 21 parts of palm leaves, 1 part of urea, and 2 parts of Bacillus flexus. The preparation method is to take dry cow dung, palm leaves, urea, Bacillus flexus (containing 10 7 cfu / mL), spread it out, sprinkle water and mix it evenly (the amount of water sprinkled should be such that water drops can be seen when the mixture is held in the hand), pile it into a strip of 1.0m×0.5m×0.2m, and ferment it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day.

[0073] (3) Seedling management

[0074] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0075] Example 5 A freshwater cultivation method for mangrove plant Mangrove

[0076] In this embodiment, the amount of the Veratrum leaf extract is 20%.

[0077] (1) Seed treatment

[0078] The mature fruits of the sea olive (the peel changes from gray-green to yellow-green) are harvested and soaked in water for about 3 hours. After the peel is separated from the seeds (also called hypocotyl), the peel floating on the water surface is fished out and the seeds are rinsed 2-3 times with clean water. The seeds are soaked in a soaking liquid for 5 days. The soaking liquid is a 20% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0079] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush them, extract them with petroleum ether at 60°C with stirring for 5 hours, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0080] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0081] (2) Seeding

[0082] Seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam and dry cow dung, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 80:2:10:10. The seeds were sown in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and the seedling bag was placed on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, the germination rate was counted (radicle length greater than 3 mm was used as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0083] The fermentation product formula is (by weight): 75 parts of dry cow dung, 21 parts of palm leaves, 1 part of urea, and 2 parts of Bacillus flexus. The preparation method is to take dry cow dung, palm leaves, urea, Bacillus flexus (containing 10 7 cfu / mL), spread it out, sprinkle water and mix it evenly (the amount of water sprinkled should be such that water drops can be seen when the mixture is held in the hand), pile it into a strip of 1.0m×0.5m×0.2m, and ferment it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day.

[0084] (3) Seedling management

[0085] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0086] Comparative Example 1 A freshwater cultivation method for a mangrove plant, Mangrove

[0087] In this example, the amount of the Veratrum leaf extract is 50%.

[0088] (1) Seed treatment

[0089] The mature fruits of the mangroves were harvested (the peel changed from gray-green to yellow-green), and the collected fruits were soaked in water for about 3 hours. After the peel was separated from the seeds (also called hypocotyls), the peel floating on the water was removed and the seeds were rinsed 2-3 times with clean water. The seeds were soaked in a soaking liquid for 5 days. The soaking liquid was a 50% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0090] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush them, extract them with petroleum ether at 60°C with stirring for 5 hours, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0091] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0092] (2) Seeding

[0093] Seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam and dry cow dung, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 80:2:10:10. The seeds were sown in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and the seedling bag was placed on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, the germination rate was counted (radicle length greater than 3 mm was used as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0094] The fermentation product formula is (by weight): 75 parts of dry cow dung, 21 parts of palm leaves, 1 part of urea, and 2 parts of Bacillus flexus. The preparation method is to take dry cow dung, palm leaves, urea, Bacillus flexus (containing 10 7 cfu / mL), spread it out, sprinkle water and mix it evenly (the amount of water sprinkled should be such that water drops can be seen when the mixture is held in the hand), pile it into a strip of 1.0m×0.5m×0.2m, and ferment it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day.

[0095] (3) Seedling management

[0096] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0097] Comparative Example 2 A freshwater cultivation method for a mangrove plant, Mangrove

[0098] In this embodiment, Veratrum leaf extract prepared by other preparation methods is selected.

[0099] (1) Seed treatment

[0100] The mature fruits of the mangroves were harvested (the peel changed from gray-green to yellow-green), and the collected fruits were soaked in water for about 3 hours. After the peel was separated from the seeds (also called embryonic axis), the peel floating on the water was removed and the seeds were rinsed 2-3 times with clean water. The seeds were soaked in a soaking liquid for 5 days. The soaking liquid was a 30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0101] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaf, dry and crush, extract with petroleum ether at 60°C for 5 hours with stirring, filter, extract the filter residue with ethanol at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the extract, and recover the ethanol under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0102] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0103] (2) Seeding

[0104] Seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam and dry cow dung, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 80:2:10:10. The seeds were sown in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and the seedling bag was placed on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, the germination rate was counted (radicle length greater than 3 mm was used as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0105] The fermentation product formula is (by weight): 75 parts of dry cow dung, 21 parts of palm leaves, 1 part of urea, and 2 parts of Bacillus flexus. The preparation method is to take dry cow dung, palm leaves, urea, Bacillus flexus (containing 10 7 cfu / mL), spread it out, sprinkle water and mix it evenly (the amount of water sprinkled should be such that water drops can be seen when the mixture is held in the hand), pile it into a strip of 1.0m×0.5m×0.2m, and ferment it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day.

[0106] (3) Seedling management

[0107] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0108] Comparative Example 3 A freshwater cultivation method for a mangrove plant, Mangrove

[0109] In this embodiment, fermented products prepared by other preparation methods are selected.

[0110] (1) Seed treatment

[0111] The mature fruits of the mangroves were harvested (the peel changed from gray-green to yellow-green), and the collected fruits were soaked in water for about 3 hours. After the peel was separated from the seeds (also called embryonic axis), the peel floating on the water was removed and the seeds were rinsed 2-3 times with clean water. The seeds were soaked in a soaking liquid for 5 days. The soaking liquid was a 30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0112] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush them, extract them with petroleum ether at 60°C with stirring for 5 hours, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0113] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0114] (2) Seeding

[0115] Seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam and dry cow dung, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 80:2:10:10. The seeds were sown in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and the seedling bag was placed on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, the germination rate was counted (radicle length greater than 3 mm was used as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0116] The fermentation product formula is (by weight): 75 parts of dry cow dung, 21 parts of rice straw, 1 part of urea, and 2 parts of Bacillus flexus. The preparation method is to take dry cow dung, rice straw, urea, Bacillus flexus (containing 10 7 cfu / mL), spread it out, sprinkle water and mix it evenly (the amount of water sprinkled should be such that water drops can be seen when the mixture is held in the hand), pile it into a strip of 1.0m×0.5m×0.2m, and ferment it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day.

[0117] (3) Seedling management

[0118] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0119] Comparative Example 4 A freshwater cultivation method for a mangrove plant, Mangrove

[0120] In this embodiment, fermented products prepared by other preparation methods are selected.

[0121] (1) Seed treatment

[0122] The mature fruits of the mangroves were harvested (the peel changed from gray-green to yellow-green), and the collected fruits were soaked in water for about 3 hours. After the peel was separated from the seeds (also called embryonic axis), the peel floating on the water was removed and the seeds were rinsed 2-3 times with clean water. The seeds were soaked in a soaking liquid for 5 days. The soaking liquid was a 30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0123] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush them, extract them with petroleum ether at 60°C with stirring for 5 hours, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0124] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0125] (2) Seeding

[0126] Seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam and dry cow dung, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 80:2:10:10. The seeds were sown in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and the seedling bag was placed on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, the germination rate was counted (radicle length greater than 3 mm was used as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0127] The fermentation product formula is (by weight): 75 parts of dry cow dung, 21 parts of palm leaves, 1 part of urea, and 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis liquid. The preparation method is to take dry cow dung, urea, palm leaves, Bacillus subtilis liquid (containing 10 7 cfu / mL), spread it out, sprinkle water and mix it evenly (the amount of water sprinkled should be such that water drops can be seen when the mixture is held in the hand), pile it into a strip of 1.0m×0.5m×0.2m, and ferment it for 5 days, turning the pile once a day.

[0128] (3) Seedling management

[0129] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0130] Comparative Example 5 A freshwater cultivation method for a mangrove plant, Mangrove

[0131] In this example, no fermentate was used.

[0132] (1) Seed treatment

[0133] The mature fruits of the mangroves were harvested (the peel changed from gray-green to yellow-green), and the collected fruits were soaked in water for about 3 hours. After the peel was separated from the seeds (also called embryonic axis), the peel floating on the water was removed and the seeds were rinsed 2-3 times with clean water. The seeds were soaked in a soaking liquid for 5 days. The soaking liquid was a 30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract.

[0134] Preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract: take fresh Veratrum leaves, dry and crush them, extract them with petroleum ether at 60°C with stirring for 5 hours, filter, extract the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collect the ethyl acetate extract, and recover the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

[0135] Soak the soaked female sea olive seeds in 500 times dilution of thiophanate-methyl solution for 3 to 8 minutes for disinfection, take out and dry in the shade before sowing.

[0136] (2) Seeding

[0137] Seedling medium: a mixture of sandy loam, dry cow dung, and phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate, available phosphorus P2O5 ≥ 12%, calcium ≥ 16%), with a mass ratio of 80:2:10:10. The seeds were sown in a seedling bag containing the seedling medium, and the seedling bag was placed on ordinary sandy loam. After 2 weeks of sowing, the germination rate was counted (radicle length greater than 3 mm was used as the germination mark, n = 30).

[0138] (3) Seedling management

[0139] Water once a day (fresh water) for the first two months of seedling raising, and once a week thereafter. Fertilize once (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium balanced compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 5%) when the seedlings are 2 months old.

[0140] Two weeks after sowing, the germination rate was counted. Six months after seedling cultivation, the seedling height and survival rate were counted. Three parallel tests were conducted in each group (n=30). The results are shown in Table 1.

[0141] Table 1

[0142] Germination rate / % Seedling height after 6 months of seedling cultivation / cm Survival rate / % Example 1 97.8 57.5 96.7 Example 2 96.7 55.2 94.4 Example 3 95.6 56.1 93.3 Example 4 96.7 55.1 93.3 Example 5 94.4 50.6 95.6 Comparative Example 1 80.0 45.0 88.9 Comparative Example 2 85.6 47.1 90.0 Comparative Example 3 97.8 43.8 86.7 Comparative Example 4 97.8 41.9 87.8 Comparative Example 5 97.8 41.4 83.3

[0143] Compared with the comparative example, the germination rate, seedling height and survival rate of the embodiment are significantly improved, the germination rate is as high as over 97%, the seedling height after 6 months of seedling cultivation reaches 57 cm, and the survival rate reaches over 96%.

[0144] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A freshwater cultivation method of a mangrove plant, Mangrovea sutchuenensis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Seed treatment Take the female sea olive seeds, soak them in a soaking liquid, sterilize them after soaking, and dry them in the shade; The seed soaking solution is 20-30% mass concentration of Veratrum leaf extract; The preparation method of the Veratrum leaf extract comprises: taking fresh Veratrum leaves, drying and crushing, extracting with petroleum ether at 60-70° C. by stirring, filtering, extracting the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70-75° C., collecting the ethyl acetate extract, and recovering the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract; (2) Seeding Prepare a seedling raising matrix, and sow seeds in a seedling raising bag containing the seedling raising matrix; the seedling raising matrix contains sandy loam, livestock excrement, fermented material, and phosphate fertilizer; The fermentation product formula includes: poultry and livestock manure, palm leaves, urea, and Bacillus flexus liquid; The method for producing the fermented product comprises: mixing livestock excrement, palm leaves, urea and bacillus flexus liquid, spreading, sprinkling water and mixing evenly, piling into strips, and fermenting for 3-5 days; (3) Seedling management Water regularly and fertilize.

2. The freshwater cultivation method of the mangrove plant Mangrove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of sandy loam and livestock manure, fermented products and phosphate fertilizer is 70-80:2-5:10-17:8-10.

3. The freshwater cultivation method of the mangrove plant Mangrove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation product formula includes, by weight: 75-80 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 16.5-21 parts of palmetto leaves, 1-0.5 parts of urea, and 2-3 parts of Bacillus flexus bacterial liquid.

4. The freshwater cultivation method of the mangrove plant Mangrove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed soaking treatment time is 3-5 days.

5. The freshwater cultivation method of the mangrove plant Mangrove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Veratrum leaf extract comprises: taking fresh Veratrum leaves, drying and crushing, extracting with petroleum ether at 60-70° C. with stirring for 5-7 hours, filtering, extracting the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70-75° C. for 8-10 hours, collecting the ethyl acetate extract, and recovering the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain the Veratrum leaf extract.

6. The freshwater cultivation method of the mangrove plant Mangrove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The livestock excrement is dry cow dung.

7. The freshwater cultivation method of the mangrove plant Mangrove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed soaking solution is Veratrum leaf extract with a mass concentration of 30%.

8. The freshwater cultivation method of the mangrove plant Mangrove according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of sandy loam, livestock manure, fermented products and phosphate fertilizer is 80:2:10:

10.

9. The freshwater cultivation method of the mangrove plant Mangrove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of Veratrum leaf extract comprises: taking fresh Veratrum leaf, drying and crushing, extracting with petroleum ether at 60°C for 5 hours with stirring, filtering, extracting the filter residue with ethyl acetate at 70°C for 10 hours, collecting ethyl acetate extract, and recovering ethyl acetate under reduced pressure to obtain Veratrum leaf extract.

10. The freshwater cultivation method of the mangrove plant Mangrove Orchidaceae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of seedling management is: water once a day with fresh water in the first two months of seedling cultivation, and water once a week thereafter; apply fertilizer once 2 months after seedling cultivation.

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