Active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse and related devices

Abstract

The present application provides an excitation fuse with active and passive integrated protection and related devices, which are applied to the protected circuit; the excitation fuse with active and passive integrated protection includes a fuse housing, an impact device, a first fuse, a second fuse, a first conductor, a second conductor and at least one excitation source; the excitation fuse is connected in series in the protected circuit through the first conductor and the second conductor, and the first fuse and the second fuse are connected in parallel between the first conductor and the second conductor; when the voltage of the first fuse is higher than the trigger voltage of any excitation source of at least one excitation source, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; or, when any excitation source of at least one excitation source receives a control signal from a control circuit, it releases high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; and then the impact device is pushed to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of emergency protection devices, and specifically relates to an active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse and related devices. Background Art

[0002] At present, as an active protection device, the excitation fuse can realize the functions of fast disconnection of fault circuits, zero current or small current disconnection protection, but its short-circuit protection function is completely dependent on the control reliability of the external trigger signal circuit. When the trigger circuit fails or the excitation source fails, no matter how large the short-circuit current is, the circuit cannot be disconnected, which may cause serious safety accidents. However, as a passive protection device, the traditional fuse cannot perform zero current and small current disconnection, and thus cannot achieve active control. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides an excitation fuse and related devices with active and passive integrated protection, in order to make the excitation fuse compatible with passive fusing function and active fusing function.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides an active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse, which is applied to a protected circuit; the active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse comprises a fuse housing, an impact device, a first fuse, a second fuse, a first conductor, a second conductor and at least one excitation source;

[0005] An active cavity and a penetration cavity are provided in the fuse housing; the active cavity is used to accommodate the impact device so that the impact device can slide in the active cavity;

[0006] The penetration cavity is provided with at least one first opening and a second opening, and the second opening is communicated with the active cavity; when the impact device is accommodated in the active cavity, the impact device blocks the second opening; the at least one excitation source is arranged at the at least one first opening and blocks the first opening;

[0007] The excitation fuse is connected in series in the protected circuit through the first conductor and the second conductor, and the first fuse and the second fuse are connected in parallel between the first conductor and the second conductor;

[0008] When the voltage of the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage of any one of the at least one excitation source, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, so as to push the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity, so as to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt;

[0009] When any of the at least one excitation source receives a control signal from a control circuit, high-pressure gas is released into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the at least one excitation source includes a first excitation source, a first controlled end of the first excitation source is respectively connected to the first end of the first melt and the first control end of the control circuit, and a second controlled end of the first excitation source is respectively connected to the second end of the first melt and the second control end of the control circuit; when the voltage of the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage in the first excitation source, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt; when the first excitation source receives the control signal of the control circuit, it releases high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the at least one excitation source includes a first excitation source and a second excitation source, the first controlled end of the first excitation source is connected to the first end of the first melt, and the second controlled end of the first excitation source is connected to the second end of the first melt; the first controlled end of the second excitation source is connected to the first control end of the control circuit, and the second controlled end of the second excitation source is connected to the second control end of the control circuit; when the voltage of the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage in the first excitation source, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt; when the second excitation source receives the control signal of the control circuit, it releases high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the first melt includes at least two first cutting portions, and the at least two first cutting portions are respectively arranged at the two ends of the first melt connected to the first conductor and the second conductor; when the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is less than the first preset voltage, the first voltage on the first melt is lower than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, the first excitation source is in an off state, and the protected circuit works normally; when the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage, the first voltage on the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, so that the second melt is melted by the abnormal current, and the first excitation source is triggered by the first voltage to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; the impact device is pushed by the high-pressure gas to impact the first melt along the active cavity to break the at least two first cutting portions.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation,

[0014] The first melt includes a melt body, a second sub-melt and a first sub-melt; the first end of the second sub-melt is connected to the first end of the melt body, the second end of the second sub-melt is connected to the first conductor, the first sub-melt is connected to the second end of the melt body, and the second end of the first sub-melt is connected to the second conductor; the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the first excitation source are connected to the first end and the second end of the second sub-melt;

[0015] When the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is less than a preset voltage, the voltage on the second sub-fuse and the voltage on the first sub-fuse are both lower than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, the first excitation source is in an off state, and the protected circuit works normally;

[0016] When the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is greater than a second preset voltage, the second sub-melt is melted by the abnormal current, and the first voltage on the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, so that the first excitation source is triggered by the first voltage to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; the impact device is pushed by the high-pressure gas to impact the first sub-melt along the active cavity to cut off the first sub-melt;

[0017] When the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is greater than the third preset voltage, the second sub-melt, the first sub-melt and the second melt are melted by the abnormal current, and the first voltage on the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, so that the first excitation source is triggered by the first voltage to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; the impact device is pushed by the high-pressure gas to impact the first sub-melt along the active cavity to cut off the first sub-melt and the second melt.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the control circuit is used to: detect a first current value of a first conductor, and record a first current value that exceeds a first preset current value; determine a second number of controlled excitation sources among the at least one excitation source based on a first number of the first current values; and send a control signal to the second number of excitation sources among the at least one excitation source to control the second number of excitation sources to release high-pressure gas.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation manner, the first fuse further includes a first fuse portion, the first fuse portion is arranged between the at least two first cut-off portions, and the first fuse portion is used to increase the fusing speed of the first fuse.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the first sub-fuse includes at least two second cut-off portions, and the at least two second cut-off portions are respectively arranged at the two ends of the first sub-fuse connected to the first conductor and the melt body; the first sub-fuse is also provided with a second fuse portion, and the second fuse portion is arranged between the at least two second cut-off portions; the second fuse portion is used to increase the melting speed of the first sub-fuse; the second sub-fuse includes a third fuse portion, and the third fuse portion is arranged between the second conductor and the melt body; the third fuse portion is used to increase the melting speed of the second sub-fuse.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application provides a protected circuit, comprising a power supply, at least one electrical appliance, a control circuit, and an excitation fuse as described in the first aspect, wherein the excitation fuse is connected to the power supply and the at least one electrical appliance via a power bus, and the control circuit is connected to the excitation fuse.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising the excitation fuse with active and passive integrated protection as described in the first aspect or the protected circuit as described in the second aspect.

[0023] It can be seen that the present application provides an active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse, which is applied to the protected circuit; the active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse includes a fuse housing, an impact device, a first fuse, a second fuse, a first conductor, a second conductor and at least one excitation source; an active cavity and a penetration cavity are provided in the fuse housing; the active cavity is used to accommodate the impact device so that the impact device can slide in the active cavity; the penetration cavity is provided with at least one first opening and a second opening, and the second opening is connected to the active cavity; when the impact device is accommodated in the active cavity, the impact device blocks the second opening; the at least one excitation source is arranged at the at least one first opening and blocks the first opening; the excitation fuse is connected to the active cavity by The first conductor and the second conductor are connected in series in the protected circuit, and the first fuse and the second fuse are connected in parallel between the first conductor and the second conductor; when the voltage of the first fuse is higher than the trigger voltage of any one of the at least one excitation source, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, and the impact device is pushed to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt; when any one of the at least one excitation source receives a control signal from the control circuit, the high-pressure gas is released into the penetration cavity, and the impact device is pushed to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt. In this way, the excitation fuse can passively trigger the fusing mechanism when the current is abnormal, and the excitation fuse can be actively controlled by the control circuit to trigger the fusing mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protected circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an excitation fuse of a single excitation source provided in an embodiment of the present application in an untriggered state;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single excitation source after the excitation fuse is triggered provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4This is a structural diagram of the first type of excitation fuses of two excitation sources provided in an embodiment of the present application in an untriggered state;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of excitation fuses of two excitation sources provided in an embodiment of the present application after being triggered;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first melt provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the second excitation fuse with two excitation sources provided in an embodiment of the present application in a normal state;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of excitation fuses of two excitation sources provided in an embodiment of the present application after being triggered;

[0033] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second melt provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, systems, products or devices.

[0037] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0038] At present, as an active protection device, the excitation fuse can realize the functions of fast disconnection of fault circuits, zero current or small current disconnection protection, but its short-circuit protection function is completely dependent on the control reliability of the external trigger signal circuit. When the trigger circuit fails or the excitation source fails, no matter how large the short-circuit current is, the circuit cannot be disconnected, which may cause serious safety accidents. However, as a passive protection device, the traditional fuse cannot perform zero current and small current disconnection, and thus cannot achieve active control.

[0039] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides an excitation fuse with active and passive integrated protection. The excitation fuse with active and passive integrated protection can be applied to scenarios of passive circuit fusing and active circuit fusing. When the first excitation source detects that the voltage of the first fuse is higher than its own trigger voltage, high-pressure gas can be released into the penetration cavity; the positive and negative electrodes of the second excitation source are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the control circuit, and when the second excitation source receives the control signal of the control circuit, high-pressure gas is released into the penetration cavity. In this way, the excitation fuse can passively trigger the fusing mechanism when the current is abnormal, and can also actively control the excitation fuse to trigger the fusing mechanism through the control circuit. This solution can be applicable to a variety of scenarios, including but not limited to the application scenarios mentioned above.

[0040] The following introduces the system architecture involved in the embodiments of the present application.

[0041] See also Figure 1 , including a protected circuit 100, the protected circuit 100 includes a power supply 110, an excitation fuse 120, at least one electrical appliance 130 and a control circuit 200, the excitation fuse 120 is connected to the power supply 110 and the at least one electrical appliance 130 through a power bus, and the control circuit 200 is respectively connected to the power supply 110, the excitation fuse 120 and the electrical appliance 130. The excitation fuse 120 is arranged between the power supply and the electrical appliance to protect the circuit.

[0042] For details, please refer to Figure 2 , applied to the protected circuit; the excitation fuse 120 includes a fuse housing, an impact device 50, a first fuse 10, a second fuse 70, a first conductor 20, a second conductor 30 and at least one excitation source;

[0043] The fuse housing is provided with an active cavity and a penetration cavity; the active cavity is used to accommodate the impact device 50 so that the impact device 50 can slide in the active cavity;

[0044] The penetration cavity is provided with at least one first opening and a second opening, and the second opening is communicated with the active cavity; when the impact device 50 is accommodated in the active cavity, the impact device 50 blocks the second opening; the at least one excitation source is arranged at the at least one first opening and blocks the first opening;

[0045] The excitation fuse 120 is connected in series in the protected circuit through the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30, and the first fuse 10 and the second fuse 70 are connected in parallel between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30;

[0046] When the voltage of the first melt 10 is higher than the trigger voltage of any one of the at least one excitation source, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device 50 to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 along the active cavity, so as to cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70;

[0047] When any of the at least one excitation source receives a control signal from the control circuit 200, high-pressure gas is released into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device 50 along the active cavity to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 to cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70.

[0048] The control circuit may be a control circuit in a vehicle-mounted terminal, and is used to perform corresponding processing according to some signals in the protected circuit, for example, detecting the power bus current to generate a corresponding control signal to the excitation fuse 120 .

[0049] In addition, the protected circuit 100 may also be a charging circuit in a charging pile, or in other application scenarios that require a large current, and no unique limitation is made here.

[0050] The specific methods are introduced in detail below.

[0051] See also Figure 2-Figure 9 The present application also provides an active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse, which is applied to a protected circuit; the active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse comprises a fuse housing, an impact device 50, a first fuse 10, a second fuse 70, a first conductor 20, a second conductor 30 and at least one excitation source;

[0052] The fuse housing is provided with an active cavity and a penetration cavity; the active cavity is used to accommodate the impact device 50 so that the impact device 50 can slide in the active cavity;

[0053] The penetration cavity is provided with at least one first opening and a second opening, and the second opening is communicated with the active cavity; when the impact device 50 is accommodated in the active cavity, the impact device 50 blocks the second opening; the at least one excitation source is arranged at the at least one first opening and blocks the first opening;

[0054] The excitation fuse is connected in series in the protected circuit through the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30, and the first fuse 10 and the second fuse 70 are connected in parallel between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30;

[0055] When the voltage of the first melt 10 is higher than the trigger voltage of any one of the at least one excitation source, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device 50 to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 along the active cavity, so as to cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70;

[0056] When any of the at least one excitation source receives a control signal from the control circuit 200, high-pressure gas is released into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device 50 along the active cavity to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 to cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70.

[0057] For example, the excitation source is a gas generating device, and when the excitation source is triggered, a large amount of high-pressure gas is released. It is understandable that the number of excitation sources can also be set to one or more, such as three, four, five, etc., which is not limited here.

[0058] In a specific implementation, the first fuse 10 is connected in series between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 to form a first conductive branch; meanwhile, the second fuse 70 is connected in series between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 to form a second conductive branch, so that the second fuse 70 is connected in parallel with the first fuse 10 between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30. Among them, the resistance of the second fuse 70 is much greater than that of the first fuse 10, so when the voltage and current in the protected circuit are normal, the voltage distributed to the second fuse 70 is small, so the current passing through the second fuse 70 is also small, and the first fuse 10 and the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 mainly serve as the conductive path of the protected circuit.

[0059] When an abnormal current is generated in the protected circuit, since the abnormal current is greater than the fusing current of the first fuse 10, the first conductor 20 will be melted, so that the abnormal current flows through the second fuse 70, so that the second fuse 70 is also melted, and an arc is generated. At the same time, the abnormal current causes the voltage across the first fuse 10 to be higher than the trigger voltage of one or more excitation sources in at least one excitation source, so that one or more excitation sources are passively triggered, and high-pressure gas is released into the penetration cavity, thereby pushing the impact device 50 to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 along the active cavity, so as to completely cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 and isolate the arc.

[0060] In addition, if at least one of the excitation sources receives a control signal from the control circuit 200, it can also be triggered, thereby releasing high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, thereby pushing the impact device 50 along the active cavity to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 to cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70.

[0061] It is understandable that during active control, the user can input corresponding instructions to the control circuit 200 through an input device, so that the control circuit 200 generates a control signal to trigger the second excitation source. The input device can be a keyboard, a touch screen, a mouse or other types of input devices, which are not limited here.

[0062] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the excitation fuse can passively trigger the fusing mechanism when the current is abnormal, and can also actively control the excitation fuse to trigger the fusing mechanism through the control circuit 200, thereby enriching the function of the excitation fuse. Even if the passive triggering function of the excitation source fails, it can be triggered through active control, thereby improving the reliability of the excitation fuse.

[0063] Embodiment 1

[0064] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The at least one excitation source includes a first excitation source 40a, a first controlled end of the first excitation source 40a (such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first reference numeral 61 in the figure is connected to the first end of the first melt 10 and the first control end P1 of the control circuit 200, respectively. The second controlled end of the first excitation source 40a (eg Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second reference numeral 62 in the figure is respectively connected to the second end of the first melt 10 and the second control end P2 of the control circuit 200;

[0065] When the voltage of the first melt 10 is higher than the trigger voltage in the first excitation source 40a, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device 50 to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 along the active cavity, so as to cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70;

[0066] When the first excitation source 40a receives the control signal of the control circuit 200, it releases high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device 50 along the active cavity to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 to cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70.

[0067] In a specific implementation, the excitation fuse may include only one excitation source, namely, the first excitation source 40a. The first controlled end and the second controlled end of the first excitation source 40a may be connected to the two ends of the first melt 10, and are respectively connected to the first control end P1 and the second control end of the control circuit 200. In this way, when the voltage across the first melt 10 is greater than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source 40a, the first excitation source 40a may be passively triggered; in addition, the control circuit 200 may actively send a control signal to the first excitation source 40a to actively control the triggering of the first excitation source 40a.

[0068] Embodiment 2

[0069] The excitation fuse may include only a plurality of excitation sources, and a detailed description is given below taking two excitation sources as an example.

[0070] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The at least one excitation source includes a first excitation source 40a and a second excitation source 40b, wherein the first controlled end of the first excitation source 40a (such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first reference numeral 61 in the figure is connected to the first end of the first melt 10, and the second controlled end of the first excitation source 40a (such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second reference numeral 62 in the figure is connected to the second end of the first melt 10;

[0071] The first controlled end (eg, Figure 4 and Figure 5 The third reference numeral 63 in FIG. 1 is connected to the first control terminal P1 of the control circuit 200, and the second controlled terminal (eg, Figure 4 and Figure 5 The fourth reference numeral 64) is connected to the second control terminal P2 of the control circuit 200;

[0072] When the voltage of the first melt 10 is higher than the trigger voltage in the first excitation source 40a, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device 50 to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 along the active cavity, so as to cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70;

[0073] When the second excitation source 40b receives the control signal of the control circuit 200, it releases high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device 50 along the active cavity to impact the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70 to cut off the first melt 10 and / or the second melt 70.

[0074] In a specific implementation, the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the first excitation source 40a can be connected to the two ends of the first melt 10, and the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second fuse can be connected to the first control end P1 and the second control end of the control circuit 200. In this way, when the voltage across the first melt 10 is greater than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source 40a, the first excitation source 40a can be passively triggered; in addition, the control circuit 200 can also actively send a control signal to the second excitation source 40b to actively control the triggering of the second excitation source 40b.

[0075] In another case, the first excitation source 40a and the second excitation source 40b can be connected to both ends of the first melt 10 and simultaneously connected to the control circuit 200. In this way, when the voltage across the first melt 10 is greater than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source 40a and the second excitation source 40b, the first excitation source 40a and the second excitation source 40b can be passively triggered at the same time; in addition, the control circuit 200 can also actively send a control signal to the first excitation source 40a and / or the second excitation source 40b to actively control the triggering of the first excitation source 40a.

[0076] It can be seen that in this embodiment, when multiple excitation sources are provided in the excitation fuse, when one excitation source fails, the fuse can be blown by other excitation sources, thereby improving the reliability of the excitation fuse.

[0077] Embodiment 3

[0078] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 6The first melt 10 includes at least two first cutting parts 11, and the at least two first cutting parts 11 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the first melt 10 connected with the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30; when the voltage between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 is less than the first preset voltage, the first voltage on the first melt 10 is lower than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source 40a, the first excitation source 40a is in the off state, and the protected circuit works normally; when the voltage between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 is greater than the preset voltage, the first voltage on the first melt 10 is higher than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source 40a, so that the second melt 70 is melted by the abnormal current, and the first excitation source 40a is triggered by the first voltage to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; the impact device 50 is pushed by the high-pressure gas to impact the first melt 10 along the active cavity to break the at least two first cutting parts 11.

[0079] Specifically, the first melt 10 further includes a first fuse portion 12 a , which is disposed between the at least two first cut-off portions 11 , and the first fuse portion 12 a is used to increase a fusing speed of the first melt 10 .

[0080] Optionally, the first fuse portion 12a includes a plurality of hollow portions 12b, and the plurality of hollow portions 12b form a plurality of small resistors on the first fuse 10. Each small resistor is equivalent to dividing the first fuse 10 into a plurality of parallel small branches, and the resistance of each small branch is smaller than the resistance of the first fuse 10. When an abnormal voltage occurs, the abnormal current of each small branch increases, so that the first fuse portion 12a is melted faster.

[0081] In a specific implementation, the first melt 10 is connected in series between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30. The first excitation source 40a is connected in parallel at both ends of the first melt 10, the second excitation source 40b is connected to the control circuit 200, and the first excitation source 40a and the second excitation source 40b are connected to the impact device 50 through different gas paths below; for example, the penetration cavity is provided with a first gas path, a second gas path and an explosion space 41, the first end opening of the first gas path is the first opening, the second end opening of the first gas path is connected to the explosion space 41, the impact device 50 is arranged in the explosion space 41 and blocks the third opening, the first end opening of the second gas path is the second opening, the second end opening of the second gas path is connected to the explosion space 41, and the first melt 10 is located below the impact device 50.

[0082] The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first excitation source 40a are respectively connected to the two ends of the first melt 10, so that the first excitation source 40a is connected in parallel to the two ends of the first melt 10, and the second melt 70 is connected in parallel with the first melt 10 to the two ends of the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30, and the resistance value of the second melt 70 is much larger than the sum of the resistances of the first conductor 20, the second conductor 30 and the first melt 10, so that in the normal flow state, only a very small current passes through the second melt 70.

[0083] The first excitation source 40a and the second excitation source 40b are both gas generating devices. When the first excitation source 40a or the second excitation source 40b is triggered, the high-pressure gas generated by the first excitation source 40a or the second excitation source 40b enters the explosion space 41 between the excitation source and the impact device 50 through the gas path connected to each other, thereby pushing the impact device 50 to move downward and disconnecting the first melt 10 therebelow.

[0084] refer to Figures 4 to 6 The working principle of the active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse of the third embodiment is as follows: under normal working conditions, the current passes through the first conductor 20, the first fuse 10 and the second conductor 30 in sequence. The voltage across the first fuse 10 is very small, which is much smaller than the voltage required for the first excitation source 40a to excite. Therefore, the first excitation source 40a is in a disconnected state at this time, and the control circuit 200 is connected, and the external signal can directly perform detection and interruption.

[0085] When an abnormality occurs in the protected circuit and causes an abnormal current to occur, the first fuse part 12a in the first fuse 10 is first melted and disconnected due to the heat of the fuse itself, and the instantaneous current is transferred to the second fuse 70 branch connected in parallel with the first fuse 10, causing the second fuse 70 to also melt and arc, so that the voltage across the first fuse 10 increases to an amplitude that can trigger the action of the first excitation source 40a, causing the first excitation source 40a to be passively triggered and then release high-pressure gas, generating high pressure in the explosion space 41, pushing the impact device 50 to move downward, and breaking the first fuse 10 along the first cut-off part 11 again, so as to prevent it from being reignited under high voltage and high current due to the small initial fracture and the arc in the arc extinguishing melt not being extinguished in time, thereby improving the reliability of the product.

[0086] Embodiment 4

[0087] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 7-Figure 9, the first melt 10 includes a melt body 10C, a second sub-melt 10b and a first sub-melt 10a; a first end of the second sub-melt 10b is connected to the first end of the melt body 10C, a second end of the second sub-melt 10b is connected to the first conductor 20, the first sub-melt 10a is connected to the second end of the melt body 10C, and a second end of the first sub-melt 10a is connected to the second conductor 30; a negative electrode and a positive electrode of the first excitation source 40a are connected to the first end and the second end of the second sub-melt 10b;

[0088] When the voltage between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 is less than the preset voltage, the second voltage on the second sub-melt 10b and the second voltage on the first sub-melt 10a are both lower than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source 40a, the first excitation source 40a is in the off state, and the protected circuit works normally;

[0089] When the voltage between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 is greater than the second preset voltage, the second sub-melt 10b is melted by the abnormal current, and the first voltage on the first melt 10 is higher than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source 40a, so that the first excitation source 40a is triggered by the first voltage to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; the impact device 50 is pushed by the high-pressure gas to impact the first sub-melt 10a along the active cavity to cut off the first sub-melt 10a;

[0090] When the voltage between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 is greater than the third preset voltage, the second sub-melt 10b, the first sub-melt 10a and the second melt 70 are melted by the abnormal current, and the first voltage on the first melt 10 is higher than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source 40a, so that the first excitation source 40a is triggered by the first voltage to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; the impact device 50 is pushed by the high-pressure gas to impact the first sub-melt 10a along the active cavity to cut off the first sub-melt 10a and the second melt 70.

[0091] Specifically, the first sub-melt 10a includes at least two second cutting portions 13, and the at least two second cutting portions 13 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first sub-melt 10a connected with the second conductor and the melt body 10C;

[0092] The first sub-melt 10a is provided with a second fuse part 15, and the second fuse part 15 is provided between the at least two second cut-off parts 13; the second fuse part 15 is used to increase the fusing speed of the first sub-melt 10a;

[0093] The second sub-melt 10b includes a third fuse part 14, which is disposed between the second conductor and the melt body 10C; the third fuse part 14 is used to increase the fusing speed of the second sub-melt 10b.

[0094] Optionally, at least two third cutting parts are further provided on the second sub-melt 10b, and the at least two third cutting parts are arranged at both ends of the second sub-melt 10b connected to the second conductor 30 and the melt body 10C, and the third fuse part 14 is arranged between the at least two third cutting parts.

[0095] Optionally, the second fuse part 15 and the third fuse part 14 each include a plurality of hollow portions 12b, and the plurality of hollow portions 12b form a plurality of small resistors on the first sub-melt 10a and the second sub-melt 10b. Each small resistor is equivalent to dividing the first melt 10 into a plurality of parallel small branches, and the resistance of each small branch is less than the resistance of the first melt 10. When an abnormal voltage occurs, the abnormal current of each small branch increases, so that the first fuse part 12a is melted faster.

[0096] In the specific implementation, the difference from the above-mentioned embodiment 3 is that the first melt 10 is divided into two sections, namely the first sub-melt 10a and the second sub-melt 10b, and they are arranged at intervals through the melt body 10C. Among them, the narrow neck cross-sectional area of ​​the second sub-melt 10b is smaller than the narrow neck cross-sectional area of ​​the first sub-melt 10a; the narrow neck of the first sub-melt 10a is the second fuse part 15, and the second cut-off part 13 is provided at both ends of the first sub-melt 10a; the narrow neck of the second sub-melt 10b is the third fuse part 14, and the third cut-off part can be provided at both ends of the second sub-melt 10b. The first sub-melt 10a is located below the first excitation source 40a and the corresponding impact device 50.

[0097] The positive electrode (i.e., the first controlled end of the first excitation source 40a) and the negative electrode (i.e., the second controlled end of the first excitation source 40a) of the first excitation source 40a are respectively connected to the two ends of the second sub-melt 10b, so that the first excitation source 40a is connected in parallel to the two ends of the second sub-melt 10b, and the second melt 70 is connected in parallel to the two ends of the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30, and the resistance value of the second melt 70 is much larger than the sum of the resistances of the first conductor 20, the second conductor 30 and the first melt 10, so that in the normal flow state, only a very small current passes through the second melt 70.

[0098] refer to Figures 7 to 9The working principle of the excitation fuse of the active and passive integrated protection of the second embodiment is: under normal working conditions (that is, when the voltage between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 is less than the preset voltage), the current passes through the first conductor 20, the second sub-fuse 10b, the first sub-fuse 10a and the second conductor 30 in sequence. The voltage across the second sub-fuse 10b and the first sub-fuse 10a is very small, which is much smaller than the voltage required for the excitation of the first excitation source 40a in the self-triggering circuit. Therefore, at this time, the first excitation source 40a is in a disconnected state, the control circuit 200 is connected, and the external signal can directly perform detection and interruption.

[0099] When a smaller abnormal current occurs (i.e., when the voltage between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 is greater than the second preset voltage), the second fuse portion 15 in the second sub-melt 10b is firstly melted and disconnected due to the heat of the melt itself, and the instantaneous current is transferred to the second melt 70 branch connected in parallel with the first sub-melt 10a, causing the second melt 70 to also melt and arc, thereby increasing the voltage across the second sub-melt 10b to an amplitude that can trigger the first excitation source 40a, causing the first excitation source 40a to be triggered and then release high-pressure gas, generating high pressure in the explosion space 41, pushing the impact device 50 downward, and breaking the first sub-melt 10a along the second cut-off portion 13, thereby completely disconnecting the circuit.

[0100] When a relatively large abnormal current occurs (i.e., when the voltage between the first conductor 20 and the second conductor 30 is greater than the third preset voltage), the second fuse 15 and the third fuse 14 in the first sub-melt 10a and the second sub-melt 10b are melted and disconnected almost simultaneously, and the arc is divided into multiple sections to help the arc to be extinguished safely. After the second sub-melt 10b and the first sub-melt 10a are disconnected, the current is transferred to the second melt 70 branch, and the second melt 70 is also melted and arced, and the voltage across the second sub-melt 10b increases to an amplitude that can trigger the first excitation source 40a, causing the first excitation source 40a to be triggered and then release high-pressure gas, generating high pressure in the explosion space 41, pushing the impact device 50 to move downward, disconnecting the first sub-melt 10a along the second cut-off section 13, thereby completely disconnecting the circuit.

[0101] Embodiment 5

[0102] In a possible embodiment, the control circuit is used to: detect the current value on the first conductor and record the first current value that exceeds the first preset current value; determine the second number of controlled excitation sources in the at least one excitation source based on the first number of the first current values; and send a control signal to the second number of excitation sources in the at least one excitation source to control the second number of excitation sources to release high-pressure gas.

[0103] In the specific implementation, current fluctuations are inevitable in the daily operation of the protected circuit. In some cases, the current will surge, but the current value will not reach the level that can melt the first fuse and the second fuse, and will not have much impact on the circuit. However, according to Joule's law, the heat generated when the current passes through the conductor (that is, the line loss, mainly heat loss) Q=I 2 =Rt, where Q is heat, I is current, R is resistance, and t is time. It can be seen that the line loss is proportional to the square of the current.

[0104] For example, when the current doubles, the loss quadruples. Assuming the original current is I1, the line loss is Q1=I1. 2 =Rt, when the current becomes I2= 2I1, the new loss Q2= (2I1) 2 Rt=4I1 2 Rt = 4Q1. This shows that the increase in current will lead to a sharp increase in line loss.

[0105] Based on this, in order to accurately control the number of excitation sources involved in the work according to the degree of heat loss of the melt, in this embodiment, the acquisition end of the control circuit is connected to the first conductor and the second conductor to collect the current value between the first conductor and the second conductor. The collected current value is compared with the first preset current value. If it is greater than the first preset current value, the current value is recorded (recorded as the first current value); specifically, the recording method can be counting or directly recording the current value.

[0106] When the first current value is recorded by counting, a correlation table between the first number of the first current value and the aging degree is preset, and when the first number reaches the number value set in the correlation table, the corresponding aging degree is queried through the correlation table, and the second number of the fuse excitation source is determined according to the aging degree. Please refer to the following Table 1:

[0107] Table 1 Association table

[0108]

[0109] For example, Table 1 is an example of an association table, in which each set of associations in the table can represent an aging level. The control circuit records the first quantity in real time. When the first quantity reaches a certain data set in the association table, it means that a certain aging level is reached (which can be indicated by a serial number, that is, serial number 1 is aging level 1, serial number 2 is aging level 2, serial number 3 is aging level 3, and so on). When the preset value of any first quantity is not reached, the control circuit can control multiple excitation sources (for example, 3) to release high-pressure gas according to the initial setting, so that the gas pressure in the explosion space reaches the maximum, so that the impact device can break the first melt and the second melt with a greater impact force, ensuring that the first melt and the second melt can be completely cut off. When the first number is 1000, the aging level is 1, and the aging degree is 30%, at this time, because the aging degree of the melt reaches the threshold, the melt is more likely to be melted, so the number of controlled excitation sources can be reduced by one (i.e., two). When it exceeds aging level 1 and does not reach aging level 2, the number of controlled excitation sources of aging level 1 is also applicable. When abnormal current is generated within this range, two excitation sources can be controlled to trigger to cut off the first melt and the second melt. And so on, until there is only one controlled excitation source left, it will no longer be reduced.

[0110] In a possible embodiment, after it is determined that the corresponding aging level has been reached, a first prompt message may be output to the display device, for example, "The excitation fuse has aged, the current aging degree is XX, please check in time", "Please replace the excitation fuse".

[0111] In addition, when the excitation source fails, a second prompt message may be output to the display device, for example, "XX excitation source fails, please replace XX excitation source". This enables the user to determine the specific condition of the excitation fuse in time to facilitate monitoring and maintenance.

[0112] It is understandable that the first to fifth embodiments may be implemented separately or in combination with each other, which is not limited here.

[0113] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium may be a solid-state hard disk.

[0114] The present application also provides an electronic device 1000, such as Fig.10 As shown, it includes at least one processor (processor) 1001; display screen 1002; and memory (memory) 1003, and may also include a communication interface (Communications Interface) 1005 and a bus 1004. Among them, the processor 1001, the display screen 1002, the memory 1003 and the communication interface 1005 can communicate with each other through the bus 1004. The display screen 1002 is set to display the user guide interface preset in the initial setting mode. The communication interface 1005 can transmit information. The processor 1001 can call the logic instructions in the memory 1003 to execute the method in the above embodiment.

[0115] Optionally, the electronic device 1000 may be a mobile electronic device, or an electronic device or other device, which is not limited to any particular device.

[0116] In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 1003 described above can be implemented in the form of software functional units and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product.

[0117] The memory 1003, as a computer-readable storage medium, can be configured to store software programs, computer executable programs, such as program instructions or modules corresponding to the methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 1001 executes functional applications and data processing by running the software programs, instructions or modules stored in the memory 1003, that is, implementing the methods in the above embodiments.

[0118] The memory 1003 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system and an application required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device 1000, etc. In addition, the memory 1003 may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-volatile memory. For example, a variety of media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a disk or an optical disk, may also be a transient storage medium.

[0119] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute part or all of the steps of any method described in the above method embodiments, and the above computer includes an electronic device.

[0120] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program is operable to cause a computer to execute some or all of the steps of any method described in the method embodiment. The computer program product may be a software installation package, and the computer includes an electronic device.

[0121] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0122] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods, devices and systems can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic; for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation; for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0123] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0124] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be physically included separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0125] The above-mentioned integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned software functional unit is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform some steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM) and direct RAM bus RAM (DR RAM). Various media that can store program code are available.

[0126] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and can make various changes and modifications, including the combination of the above-mentioned different functions and implementation steps, including software and hardware implementation methods, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse, characterized in that: Applicable to the protected circuit; the active and passive integrated protection excitation fuse comprises a fuse housing, an impact device, a first fuse, a second fuse, a first conductor, a second conductor and a plurality of excitation sources; An active cavity and a penetration cavity are provided in the fuse housing; the active cavity is used to accommodate the impact device so that the impact device can slide in the active cavity; The penetration cavity is provided with a second opening and a plurality of first openings, and the second opening is communicated with the activity cavity; when the impact device is accommodated in the activity cavity, the impact device blocks the second opening; The plurality of excitation sources are arranged at the plurality of first openings and cover the plurality of first openings; The plurality of excitation fuses are connected in series in the protected circuit through the first conductor and the second conductor, and the first fuse and the second fuse are connected in parallel between the first conductor and the second conductor; When the voltage of the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage of any one of the multiple excitation sources, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity, so as to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt; When any one of the multiple excitation sources receives a control signal from the control circuit, high-pressure gas is released into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt; the control circuit is used to: detect the current value on the first conductor, and record the first current value exceeding the first preset current value; Determine the second number of controlled excitation sources among the multiple excitation sources according to the first number of the first current values; send a control signal to the second number of excitation sources among the multiple excitation sources to control the second number of excitation sources to release high-pressure gas; when recording the first current value by counting, pre-set an association relationship table between the first number of the first current values ​​and the degree of aging; when the first number reaches the value set in the association relationship table, query the corresponding degree of aging through the association relationship table, and determine the second number of excitation sources involved in the fusing according to the corresponding degree of aging; wherein, the higher the degree of aging, the smaller the corresponding second number.

2. The excitation fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple excitation sources include a first excitation source, a first controlled end of the first excitation source is respectively connected to the first end of the first melt and the first control end of the control circuit, and a second controlled end of the first excitation source is respectively connected to the second end of the first melt and the second control end of the control circuit; When the voltage of the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage in the first excitation source, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity, so as to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt; When the first excitation source receives the control signal of the control circuit, it releases high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device along the active cavity to impact the first melt and / or the second melt to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt.

3. The excitation fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple excitation sources include a first excitation source and a second excitation source, wherein a first controlled end of the first excitation source is connected to a first end of the first melt, and a second controlled end of the first excitation source is connected to a second end of the first melt; The first controlled end of the second excitation source is connected to the first control end of the control circuit, and the second controlled end of the second excitation source is connected to the second control end of the control circuit; When the voltage of the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage in the first excitation source, the corresponding excitation source is triggered to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device to impact the first melt and / or the second melt along the active cavity, so as to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt; When the second excitation source receives the control signal from the control circuit, it releases high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity, pushing the impact device along the active cavity to impact the first melt and / or the second melt to cut off the first melt and / or the second melt.

4. The excitation fuse according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The first fuse comprises at least two first cutting portions, and the at least two first cutting portions are respectively arranged at two ends where the first fuse is connected to the first conductor and the second conductor; When the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is less than the first preset voltage, the first voltage on the first fuse is lower than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, the first excitation source is in an off state, and the protected circuit works normally; When the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is greater than or equal to a first preset voltage, the first voltage on the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, so that the second melt is melted by the abnormal current, and the first excitation source is triggered by the first voltage to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; the impact device is pushed by the high-pressure gas to impact the first melt along the active cavity to break the at least two first cutting portions.

5. The excitation fuse according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The first melt includes a melt body, a second sub-melt and a first sub-melt; the first end of the second sub-melt is connected to the first end of the melt body, the second end of the second sub-melt is connected to the first conductor, the first sub-melt is connected to the second end of the melt body, and the second end of the first sub-melt is connected to the second conductor; the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the first excitation source are connected to the first end and the second end of the second sub-melt; When the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is less than a preset voltage, the voltage on the second sub-fuse and the voltage on the first sub-fuse are both lower than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, the first excitation source is in an off state, and the protected circuit works normally; When the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is greater than a second preset voltage, the second sub-melt is melted by the abnormal current, and the first voltage on the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, so that the first excitation source is triggered by the first voltage to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; the impact device is pushed by the high-pressure gas to impact the first sub-melt along the active cavity to cut off the first sub-melt; When the voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is greater than the third preset voltage, the second sub-melt, the first sub-melt and the second melt are melted by the abnormal current, and the first voltage on the first melt is higher than the trigger voltage of the first excitation source, so that the first excitation source is triggered by the first voltage to release high-pressure gas into the penetration cavity; the impact device is pushed by the high-pressure gas to impact the first sub-melt along the active cavity to cut off the first sub-melt and the second melt.

6. The excitation fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first fuse also includes a first fuse portion, which is disposed between the at least two first cut-off portions, and is used to increase a fusing speed of the first fuse.

7. The excitation fuse according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first sub-melt comprises at least two second cutting parts, and the at least two second cutting parts are respectively arranged at two ends of the first sub-melt connected with the first conductor and the melt body; The first sub-melt is also provided with a second fuse part, and the second fuse part is provided between the at least two second cut-off parts; the second fuse part is used to increase the fusing speed of the first sub-melt; The second sub-fuse comprises a third fuse part, and the third fuse part is arranged between the second conductor and the fuse body; the third fuse part is used to increase the fusing speed of the second sub-fuse.

8. A protected circuit, characterized in that: It comprises a power supply, at least one electrical appliance, a control circuit and an excitation fuse as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the excitation fuse is connected to the power supply and the at least one electrical appliance via a power bus, and the control circuit is connected to the excitation fuse.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The protected circuit comprises the protected circuit as claimed in claim 8.

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