Steering adjusting system and adjusting method of 5G high-precision combined antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a steering adjusting system and method for a 5G high-precision combined antenna, and the system comprises a sensor module which is used for monitoring the current state information of the antenna in real time; a control module; the control module comprises a microprocessor, a storage unit and a communication interface; a driving module; through cooperation of the sensor module, the control module, the driving module and the feedback module, the direction of the antenna can be accurately adjusted according to different geographical environments, user distribution and signal propagation requirements, so that signals better cover a target area, signal blind areas and weak coverage areas are reduced, and the overall coverage quality of a network is improved; through accurate steering adjustment, signals can be concentrated in a user-intensive area, the capacity and the spectrum efficiency of the system are improved, the communication requirements of more users are met, and the data transmission speed and the network performance are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, and in particular relates to a steering adjustment system and an adjustment method for a 5G high-precision combined antenna. Background Art

[0002] The 5G high-precision combined antenna integrates the 5G MIMO antenna, WIFI MIMO antenna and GNSS dielectric antenna to form an antenna system with high precision, multi-band and broadband characteristics. The 5G MIMO antenna adopts a dipole-like and slot-coupled antenna structure to achieve high-speed data transmission in 5G communications; the WIFI MIMO antenna adopts a PIFA structure and a pure metal-air dielectric combination material to provide wireless connection functions for WIFI communications; the GNSS dielectric antenna adopts a double-layer four-feed structure to receive signals from global navigation satellite systems (such as GPS, Beidou, etc.) to achieve high-precision positioning;

[0003] However, since 5G high-precision combination antennas are usually fixedly installed in specific locations, such as communication base stations, building tops, etc., the selection of these locations is based on the needs of communication coverage and network planning. It is difficult to dynamically adjust the beam direction in real time according to changes in the geographical environment, user distribution and signal propagation requirements, resulting in signal blind spots and weak coverage areas when the signal covers the target area, affecting the overall coverage quality of the network; therefore, we need to propose a steering adjustment system and adjustment method for 5G high-precision combination antennas to solve the above-mentioned problems, so that it can accurately adjust the direction of the antenna according to different geographical environments, user distribution and signal propagation requirements, so that the signal can better cover the target area, reduce signal blind spots and weak coverage areas, and improve the overall coverage quality of the network. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a steering adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna, comprising a sensor module for real-time monitoring of the current state information of the antenna, wherein the sensor module is used to real-time monitor the current position, direction, environmental parameters and signal quality information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna, and provide data support for the control module;

[0005] A control module, the control module is used to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted according to a preset algorithm and strategy, and send a control instruction to the driving module; the control module includes a microprocessor, a storage unit and a communication interface, and the microprocessor is electrically connected to the storage unit and the communication interface respectively;

[0006] A driving module, the driving module is used to drive the steering mechanism of the antenna according to the instruction sent by the control module to realize the steering adjustment of the antenna; the driving module includes a driving signal generating unit for sending a driving signal to the antenna and a steering mechanism for realizing the antenna steering, and the driving signal generating unit is electrically connected to the steering mechanism;

[0007] A feedback module, wherein the feedback module feeds back the position and state information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna after actual adjustment to the control module, so that the control module can perform further adjustment and optimization;

[0008] The control module is electrically connected to the sensor module and the driving module respectively, and the feedback module is electrically connected to the driving module and the control module respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the sensor module includes a position information acquisition unit, a direction information acquisition unit, an environment information acquisition unit and a signal quality acquisition unit, and the position information acquisition unit, the direction information acquisition unit, the environment information acquisition unit and the signal quality acquisition unit are all electrically connected to the control module.

[0010] Furthermore, the position information acquisition unit uses a GPS sensor to receive at least four satellite signals and calculates the antenna position d according to the satellite signals. i , the antenna position calculation formula is as follows:

[0011] Among them, (x i , x i , x i ) is the satellite position coordinate, (x, y, z) is the antenna position coordinate, xx i ,yy i andzz i are the coordinate differences between the antenna position and the satellite position respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the direction information acquisition unit uses an electronic compass to measure the horizontal component H of the geomagnetic field intensity. x and H y , calculate the antenna azimuth angle θ according to the horizontal component, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Furthermore, the environmental information collection unit uses a wind speed sensor to detect the wind speed, and the wind speed calculation formula is as follows:

[0015] Among them, V is the wind speed, L is the ultrasonic wave propagation distance, t1 is the ultrasonic wave propagation time along the wind, and t2 is the ultrasonic wave propagation time against the wind;

[0016] The signal quality acquisition unit uses the RSSI sensor to receive the signal power, and then calculates the signal strength according to the signal power. The signal strength calculation formula is as follows:

[0017] Wherein, P is the received signal power and 1mW is the reference value for unit conversion.

[0018] Furthermore, the process of data processing and control algorithm execution by the microprocessor is as follows:

[0019] A11. Receive data from the sensor module by setting a communication protocol through the communication interface to accurately obtain information on antenna position, direction, environment, and signal quality collected by the sensor module;

[0020] A12. According to the received position, direction and signal quality data, combined with the antenna gain pattern and coverage requirements in the storage unit, calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0021] Δθ=θ2-θ1, where Δθ is the azimuth angle to be adjusted, θ2 is the target azimuth angle of the antenna, and θ1 is the current azimuth angle of the antenna;

[0022] A13. According to the relationship between signal strength and distance and combined with antenna gain, the signal receiving power is optimized by adjusting the antenna direction. The antenna adjustment direction is determined by optimizing the signal receiving power. The optimization formula is as follows:

[0023] P r =P t -L p (θ)*G, where P r is the received power, P t is the transmission power, L p (θ) is the relationship between path loss and antenna direction angle, G is the antenna gain;

[0024] A14. Correct the optimized adjusted power according to the environmental parameters. The correction formula is as follows:

[0025] Among them, P out is the corrected power, P r is the optimized received power, G t is the transmitting antenna gain, G r is the receiving antenna gain, λ is the signal wavelength, and d is the transmission distance;

[0026] A15. Calculate the rotation frequency of the drive motor according to the adjustment angle and the step angle of the drive motor. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0027] Among them, n is the number of steps that the stepper motor needs to rotate, θ is the angle that the stepper motor needs to rotate, and α is the motor step angle.

[0028] Furthermore, the process of the driving signal generating unit generating and sending the driving signal is as follows:

[0029] B11. receiving an antenna steering control instruction sent by the control module through a communication interface connected to the control module, where the steering control instruction includes information about the angle and speed at which the antenna needs to rotate;

[0030] B12. Analyze the received control command and extract key parameters of the antenna, which include rotation angle and rotation speed;

[0031] B13, generating a pulse signal based on the rotation angle of the stepping motor according to the extracted key parameters of the antenna;

[0032] When the pulse signal is generated, the number of pulses to be sent is calculated based on the analyzed rotation angle and the step angle of the stepper motor, and then a timer or pulse generator is used to generate a pulse signal of the corresponding data. The calculation formula of the pulse signal is as follows:

[0033] Among them, f p is the frequency of the pulse signal, v is the rotation speed of the stepper motor, and α is the step angle of the stepper motor.

[0034] Furthermore, the process of the steering mechanism performing steering adjustment on the antenna is as follows:

[0035] B21, the stepper motor starts to rotate after receiving the driving signal, and transmits the rotation of the motor to the antenna through the transmission mechanism;

[0036] B22. Calculate the actual steering angle of the antenna based on the stepper motor drive angle and the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism. The antenna steering angle calculation formula is as follows:

[0037] θ a =θ m *i, where, θ a is the antenna steering angle, θ m is the motor rotation angle, i is the total transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism;

[0038] B23. After the antenna is rotated to the specified position, the antenna position is fixed by a mechanical locking mechanism.

[0039] Furthermore, the process of the feedback module for providing position and status information feedback is as follows:

[0040] C11. Filter the position data after antenna adjustment to remove noise and interference. The filtering formula is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, x i is the filtered data, m is the sliding window size, x j is the received data sequence, i is the total number of received data;

[0043] C12. Use the calibration parameters to calibrate the angle data using the filtered data. The calibration formula is as follows:

[0044] θ cal =βρ+b, where β and b are calibration coefficients, ρ is the original measurement azimuth, θ cal To calibrate the rear azimuth;

[0045] C13, feeding back the processed position and angle information to the control module through the communication interface;

[0046] The process of further adjustment and optimization of the control module after receiving the feedback data is as follows:

[0047] C21, after receiving the feedback data, the control module parses the data format and extracts the actual position and direction information of the antenna;

[0048] C22. Compare the actual position of the antenna with the expected position and calculate the position error. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0049] Δx=x2-x1;

[0050] Δy=y2-y1;

[0051] Δz=z2-z1;

[0052] Where, (x1, y1, z1) is the actual antenna position coordinate, (x2, y2, z2) is the expected position coordinate, Δx is the x-direction error between the expected antenna coordinate and the actual coordinate, Δy is the y-direction error between the expected antenna coordinate and the actual coordinate, and Δz is the z-direction error between the expected antenna coordinate and the actual coordinate;

[0053] C23. Compare the actual azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna with the expected azimuth and elevation angles, and calculate the direction error. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0054] Δθ1=θ4-θ3,

[0055] Among them, Δθ1 is the azimuth error, θ4 is the expected azimuth, and θ3 is the actual azimuth. is the desired pitch angle, is the actual pitch angle, is the pitch angle error;

[0056] C24. Determine whether the calculated azimuth error and position error exceed the allowable range. If not, perform data processing through a microprocessor. If not, further adjust and optimize the data so that the calculated azimuth error and position error can be adjusted within the allowable range.

[0057] Based on the above-described steering adjustment system of a 5G high-precision combined antenna, the present invention also provides a steering adjustment method of a 5G high-precision combined antenna, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1. Monitor the current position, direction and signal quality of the 5G high-precision combination antenna in real time through the sensor module;

[0059] S2, after receiving the data transmitted by the sensor module, the control module performs data preprocessing and verification;

[0060] S3, the control module uses a preset algorithm and strategy to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted;

[0061] S4, the control module sends the adjustment instruction to the drive module through the communication interface;

[0062] S5. After receiving the instruction, the driving module analyzes the instruction content and drives the steering mechanism of the antenna to perform steering adjustment according to the instruction requirements;

[0063] S6. After the antenna steering adjustment is completed, the actual adjusted position and state information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna is fed back to the control module through the feedback module;

[0064] S7. After receiving the feedback information, the control module compares it with the preset target state and evaluates the adjustment effect. If the adjustment effect is not ideal, the control module will recalculate the adjustment instruction based on the feedback information and send it to the drive module again for fine-tuning. If the adjustment effect is ideal, it returns to S6.

[0065] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0066] 1. The present invention can accurately adjust the direction of the antenna according to different geographical environments, user distribution and signal propagation requirements through the cooperation of the sensor module, the control module, the drive module and the feedback module, so that the signal can better cover the target area, reduce signal blind spots and weak coverage areas, and improve the overall coverage quality of the network; through precise steering adjustment, the signal can be concentrated in areas with dense users, the capacity and spectrum efficiency of the system can be improved, the communication needs of more users can be met, and the data transmission speed and network performance can be improved.

[0067] 2. The present invention can calculate the optimal adjustment direction and angle adjustment amount of the antenna through the cooperation of the microprocessor, storage unit and communication interface, while taking environmental factors into consideration to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the antenna adjustment to achieve better signal coverage.

[0068] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0070] Figure 1 A block diagram of a steering system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0071] Figure 2 A flowchart of data processing and control algorithm execution by a microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0072] Figure 3 A flowchart showing the process of generating and sending a driving signal by a driving signal generating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0073] Figure 4 A flowchart of a steering mechanism for adjusting the antenna steering according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0074] Figure 5 A flowchart of a steering method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] The embodiment of the present invention provides a steering adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna, such as Figure 1-4As shown, it includes a sensor module, a control module, a driving module and a feedback module for real-time monitoring of the current status information of the antenna, the control module is electrically connected to the sensor module and the driving module respectively, and the feedback module is electrically connected to the driving module and the control module respectively; the sensor module is used to monitor the current position, direction, environmental parameters and signal quality information of the 5G high-precision combination antenna in real time, and provide data support for the control module;

[0077] The sensor module includes a position information acquisition unit, a direction information acquisition unit, an environment information acquisition unit and a signal quality acquisition unit, and the position information acquisition unit, the direction information acquisition unit, the environment information acquisition unit and the signal quality acquisition unit are all electrically connected to the control module; the position information acquisition unit uses a GPS sensor to receive at least four satellite signals, and calculates the antenna position d according to the satellite signals i , the antenna position calculation formula is as follows:

[0078] Among them, (x i , x i , x i ) is the satellite position coordinate, (x, y, z) is the antenna position coordinate, xx i ,yy i andzz i are the coordinate differences between the antenna position and the satellite position respectively;

[0079] The direction information acquisition unit uses an electronic compass to measure the horizontal component H of the geomagnetic field intensity. x and H y , calculate the antenna azimuth angle θ according to the horizontal component, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] The environmental information collection unit uses a wind speed sensor to detect the wind speed. The wind speed calculation formula is as follows:

[0082] Among them, V is the wind speed, L is the ultrasonic wave propagation distance, t1 is the ultrasonic wave propagation time along the wind, and t2 is the ultrasonic wave propagation time against the wind;

[0083] The signal quality acquisition unit uses the RSSI sensor to receive the signal power, and then calculates the signal strength according to the signal power. The signal strength calculation formula is as follows:

[0084] Where P is the received signal power, and 1mW is the reference value for unit conversion, i.e. 1 milliwatt;

[0085] The control module is used to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted according to a preset algorithm and strategy, and send a control instruction to the driving module;

[0086] The control module includes a microprocessor, a storage unit and a communication interface. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the storage unit and the communication interface respectively. The microprocessor is used to execute the control algorithm and data processing. The storage unit is used to store preset algorithm parameters, antenna parameters and historical data and read corresponding data according to the request of the microprocessor; the communication interface is used to receive data from the sensor module and send control instructions to the drive module;

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, the process of data processing and control algorithm execution by the microprocessor is as follows:

[0088] A11. Receive data from the sensor module by setting a communication protocol through the communication interface to accurately obtain information on antenna position, direction, environment and signal quality collected by the sensor module, providing a data basis for subsequent processing;

[0089] A12. According to the received position, direction and signal quality data, combined with the antenna gain pattern and coverage requirements in the storage unit, calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0090] Δθ=θ2-θ1, where Δθ is the azimuth angle to be adjusted, θ2 is the target azimuth angle of the antenna, and θ1 is the current azimuth angle of the antenna;

[0091] A13. According to the relationship between signal strength and distance and combined with antenna gain, the signal receiving power is optimized by adjusting the antenna direction. The antenna adjustment direction is determined by optimizing the signal receiving power. The optimization formula is as follows:

[0092] P r =P t -L p (θ)*G, where P r is the received power, P t is the transmission power, L p (θ) is the relationship between path loss and antenna direction angle, G is the antenna gain;

[0093] A14. Correct the optimized adjustment power according to the environmental parameters to obtain a more accurate adjustment angle. The correction formula is as follows:

[0094] Among them, P out is the corrected power, P r is the optimized received power, G t is the transmitting antenna gain, G ris the receiving antenna gain, λ is the signal wavelength, and d is the transmission distance;

[0095] A15. Calculate the rotation frequency of the drive motor according to the adjustment angle and the step angle of the drive motor. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0096] Among them, n is the number of steps that the stepper motor needs to rotate, θ is the angle that the stepper motor needs to rotate, and α is the motor step angle;

[0097] By calculating the optimal adjustment direction and angle adjustment amount of the antenna, and taking environmental factors into consideration, the safety and effectiveness of antenna adjustment can be ensured to achieve better signal coverage;

[0098] The communication interface uses a communication protocol that matches the sensor module to receive data, and sends the control instructions generated by the microprocessor according to the communication protocol that the drive module can recognize. By establishing an effective communication link with the sensor module, it ensures that various data collected by the sensor module can be accurately received, providing a data source for the control of the entire system. By accurately conveying the control intention of the microprocessor to the drive module, effective control of the antenna steering adjustment is achieved.

[0099] The driving module is used to drive the steering mechanism of the antenna according to the instructions sent by the control module to achieve the steering adjustment of the antenna;

[0100] The driving module includes a driving signal generating unit for sending a driving signal to the antenna and a steering mechanism for steering the antenna, wherein the driving signal generating unit is electrically connected to the steering mechanism;

[0101] like Figure 3 As shown, the process of the driving signal generating unit generating and sending the driving signal is as follows:

[0102] B11. receiving an antenna steering control instruction sent by the control module through a communication interface connected to the control module, where the steering control instruction includes information about the angle and speed at which the antenna needs to rotate;

[0103] B12. Analyze the received control command and extract key parameters of the antenna, which include rotation angle and rotation speed;

[0104] B13, generating a pulse signal based on the rotation angle of the stepping motor according to the extracted key parameters of the antenna;

[0105] When the pulse signal is generated, the number of pulses to be sent is calculated based on the analyzed rotation angle and the step angle of the stepper motor, and then a timer or pulse generator is used to generate a pulse signal of the corresponding data. The calculation formula of the pulse signal is as follows:

[0106] Among them, f p is the frequency of the pulse signal, v is the rotation speed of the stepper motor, and α is the step angle of the stepper motor;

[0107] By generating a precise pulse signal sequence, the stepper motor is controlled to rotate at the required angle and speed, thereby driving the antenna to steer.

[0108] The steering mechanism is mainly composed of a screw and a nut. The motor drives the screw to rotate, and the nut is connected to the antenna bracket. Since the nut cannot rotate, it can only move along the axial direction of the screw, thereby converting the rotational motion of the stepper motor into the linear motion of the antenna. The angle and position of the antenna can be accurately controlled by controlling the forward rotation and number of revolutions of the stepper motor.

[0109] like Figure 4 As shown, the process of the steering mechanism performing steering adjustment on the antenna is as follows:

[0110] B21, the stepper motor starts to rotate after receiving the driving signal, and transmits the rotation of the motor to the antenna through the transmission mechanism;

[0111] B22. Calculate the actual steering angle of the antenna based on the stepper motor drive angle and the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism. The antenna steering angle calculation formula is as follows:

[0112] θ a =θ m *i, where, θ a is the antenna steering angle, θ m is the motor rotation angle, i is the total transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism;

[0113] B23. After the antenna is rotated to the specified position, the position of the antenna is fixed by a mechanical locking mechanism to prevent the antenna position from being shifted due to external factors, ensuring that the antenna remains stable after adjustment and maintaining the accuracy of the signal coverage direction;

[0114] The feedback module feeds back the actual adjusted position and state information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna to the control module, so that the control module can perform further adjustment and optimization.

[0115] The process of the feedback module for providing position and status information feedback is as follows:

[0116] C11. Filter the position data after antenna adjustment to remove noise and interference. The filtering formula is as follows:

[0117]

[0118] Among them, x i is the filtered data, m is the sliding window size, x jis the received data sequence, i is the total number of received data;

[0119] C12. Use the calibration parameters to calibrate the angle data using the filtered data. The calibration formula is as follows:

[0120] θ cal =βρ+b, where β and b are calibration coefficients, ρ is the original measurement azimuth, θ cal To calibrate the rear azimuth;

[0121] C13, feeding back the processed position and angle information to the control module through the communication interface;

[0122] The process of further adjustment and optimization of the control module after receiving the feedback data is as follows:

[0123] C21, after receiving the feedback data, the control module parses the data format and extracts the actual position and direction information of the antenna;

[0124] C22. Compare the actual position of the antenna with the expected position and calculate the position error. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0125] Δx=x2-x1;

[0126] Δy=y2-y1;

[0127] Δz=z2-z1;

[0128] Where, (x1, y1, z1) is the actual antenna position coordinate, (x2, y2, z2) is the expected position coordinate, Δx is the x-direction error between the expected antenna coordinate and the actual coordinate, Δy is the y-direction error between the expected antenna coordinate and the actual coordinate, and Δz is the z-direction error between the expected antenna coordinate and the actual coordinate;

[0129] C23. Compare the actual azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna with the expected azimuth and elevation angles, and calculate the direction error. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0130] Δθ1=θ4-θ3,

[0131] Among them, Δθ1 is the azimuth error, θ4 is the expected azimuth, and θ3 is the actual azimuth. is the desired pitch angle, is the actual pitch angle, is the pitch angle error;

[0132] C24, determining whether the calculated azimuth error and position error exceed the allowable range. If not, data processing is performed through a microprocessor. If not, the data needs to be further adjusted and optimized so that the calculated azimuth error and position error can be adjusted within the allowable range.

[0133] Through the coordination of the sensor module, control module, drive module and feedback module, the direction of the antenna can be accurately adjusted according to different geographical environments, user distribution and signal propagation requirements, so that the signal can better cover the target area, reduce signal blind spots and weak coverage areas, and improve the overall coverage quality of the network; through precise steering adjustment, the signal can be concentrated in areas with dense users, improving the system's capacity and spectrum efficiency, meeting the communication needs of more users, and improving data transmission speed and network performance.

[0134] Based on the above-described steering adjustment system of a 5G high-precision combined antenna, the present invention also provides a steering adjustment method of a 5G high-precision combined antenna, such as Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0135] S1. Monitor the current position, direction and signal quality of the 5G high-precision combination antenna in real time through the sensor module;

[0136] S2. After receiving the data transmitted by the sensor module, the control module performs data preprocessing and verification to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data;

[0137] S3, the control module uses a preset algorithm and strategy to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted; the preset algorithm is based on the physical characteristics of the antenna, signal propagation laws, and environmental influencing factors, etc.;

[0138] S4, the control module sends the adjustment instruction to the drive module through the communication interface;

[0139] S5. After receiving the instruction, the driving module analyzes the instruction content and drives the steering mechanism of the antenna to perform steering adjustment according to the instruction requirements;

[0140] S6. After the antenna steering adjustment is completed, the actual adjusted position and state information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna is fed back to the control module through the feedback module;

[0141] S7. After receiving the feedback information, the control module compares it with the preset target state and evaluates the adjustment effect. If the adjustment effect is not ideal, the control module will recalculate the adjustment instruction based on the feedback information and send it to the drive module again for fine-tuning. If the adjustment effect is ideal, it returns to S6.

[0142] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steering adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna, characterized in that: It includes a sensor module for real-time monitoring of the current status information of the antenna, wherein the sensor module is used to real-time monitor the current position, direction, environmental parameters and signal quality information of the 5G high-precision combination antenna, and provide data support for the control module; A control module, the control module is used to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted according to a preset algorithm and strategy, and send a control instruction to the driving module; the control module includes a microprocessor, a storage unit and a communication interface, and the microprocessor is electrically connected to the storage unit and the communication interface respectively; A driving module, the driving module is used to drive the steering mechanism of the antenna according to the instruction sent by the control module to realize the steering adjustment of the antenna; the driving module includes a driving signal generating unit for sending a driving signal to the antenna and a steering mechanism for realizing the antenna steering, and the driving signal generating unit is electrically connected to the steering mechanism; A feedback module, wherein the feedback module feeds back the position and state information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna after actual adjustment to the control module, so that the control module can perform further adjustment and optimization; The control module is electrically connected to the sensor module and the driving module respectively, and the feedback module is electrically connected to the driving module and the control module respectively.

2. According to claim 1, a steering adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna is characterized in that: The sensor module includes a position information acquisition unit, a direction information acquisition unit, an environment information acquisition unit and a signal quality acquisition unit, and the position information acquisition unit, the direction information acquisition unit, the environment information acquisition unit and the signal quality acquisition unit are all electrically connected to the control module.

3. According to claim 2, a 5G high-precision combined antenna steering adjustment system is characterized in that: The position information acquisition unit uses a GPS sensor to receive at least four satellite signals and calculates the antenna position d according to the satellite signals. i , the antenna position calculation formula is as follows: Among them, (x i , x i , x i ) is the satellite position coordinate, (x, y, z) is the antenna position coordinate, xx i ,yy i andzz i are the coordinate differences between the antenna position and the satellite position respectively.

4. According to claim 3, a 5G high-precision combined antenna steering adjustment system is characterized in that: The direction information acquisition unit uses an electronic compass to measure the horizontal component H of the geomagnetic field intensity. x and H y , calculate the antenna azimuth angle θ according to the horizontal component, the calculation formula is as follows:

5. According to claim 4, a 5G high-precision combined antenna steering adjustment system is characterized in that: The environmental information collection unit uses a wind speed sensor to detect the wind speed. The wind speed calculation formula is as follows: Among them, V is the wind speed, L is the ultrasonic wave propagation distance, t1 is the ultrasonic wave propagation time along the wind, and t2 is the ultrasonic wave propagation time against the wind; The signal quality acquisition unit uses the RSSI sensor to receive the signal power, and then calculates the signal strength according to the signal power. The signal strength calculation formula is as follows: Wherein, P is the received signal power and 1mW is the reference value for unit conversion.

6. According to claim 5, a 5G high-precision combined antenna steering adjustment system is characterized in that: The process of data processing and control algorithm execution by the microprocessor is as follows: A11. Receive data from the sensor module by setting a communication protocol through the communication interface to accurately obtain information on antenna position, direction, environment, and signal quality collected by the sensor module; A12. According to the received position, direction and signal quality data, combined with the antenna gain pattern and coverage requirements in the storage unit, calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted. The calculation formula is as follows: Δθ=θ2-θ1, where Δθ is the azimuth angle to be adjusted, θ2 is the target azimuth angle of the antenna, and θ1 is the current azimuth angle of the antenna; A13. According to the relationship between signal strength and distance and combined with antenna gain, the signal receiving power is optimized by adjusting the antenna direction. The antenna adjustment direction is determined by optimizing the signal receiving power. The optimization formula is as follows: P r =P t -L p (θ)*G, where P r is the received power, P t is the transmission power, L p (θ) is the relationship between path loss and antenna direction angle, G is the antenna gain; A14. Correct the optimized adjusted power according to the environmental parameters. The correction formula is as follows: Among them, P out is the corrected power, P r is the optimized received power, G t is the transmitting antenna gain, G r is the receiving antenna gain, λ is the signal wavelength, and d is the transmission distance; A15. Calculate the rotation frequency of the drive motor according to the adjustment angle and the step angle of the drive motor. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, n is the number of steps that the stepper motor needs to rotate, θ is the angle that the stepper motor needs to rotate, and α is the motor step angle.

7. The steering adjustment system of a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The process of the driving signal generating unit generating and sending the driving signal is as follows: B11. receiving an antenna steering control instruction sent by the control module through a communication interface connected to the control module, where the steering control instruction includes information about the angle and speed at which the antenna needs to rotate; B12. Analyze the received control command and extract key parameters of the antenna, which include rotation angle and rotation speed; B13, generating a pulse signal based on the rotation angle of the stepping motor according to the extracted key parameters of the antenna; When the pulse signal is generated, the number of pulses to be sent is calculated based on the analyzed rotation angle and the step angle of the stepper motor, and then a timer or pulse generator is used to generate a pulse signal of the corresponding data. The calculation formula of the pulse signal is as follows: Among them, f p is the frequency of the pulse signal, v is the rotation speed of the stepper motor, and α is the step angle of the stepper motor.

8. The steering adjustment system of a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of the steering mechanism performing steering adjustment on the antenna is as follows: B21, the stepper motor starts to rotate after receiving the driving signal, and transmits the rotation of the motor to the antenna through the transmission mechanism; B22. Calculate the actual steering angle of the antenna based on the stepper motor drive angle and the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism. The antenna steering angle calculation formula is as follows: θ a =θ m *i, where, θ a is the antenna steering angle, θ m is the motor rotation angle, i is the total transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism; B23. After the antenna is rotated to the specified position, the antenna position is fixed by a mechanical locking mechanism.

9. The steering adjustment system of a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of the feedback module for providing feedback of position and status information is as follows: C11. Filter the position data after antenna adjustment to remove noise and interference. The filtering formula is as follows: Among them, x i is the filtered data, m is the sliding window size, x j is the received data sequence, i is the total number of received data; C12. Use the calibration parameters to calibrate the angle data using the filtered data. The calibration formula is as follows: θ cal =βρ+b, where β and b are calibration coefficients, ρ is the original measurement azimuth, θ cal To calibrate the rear azimuth; C13, feeding back the processed position and angle information to the control module through the communication interface; The process of further adjustment and optimization of the control module after receiving the feedback data is as follows: C21, after receiving the feedback data, the control module parses the data format and extracts the actual position and direction information of the antenna; C22. Compare the actual position of the antenna with the expected position and calculate the position error. The calculation formula is as follows: Δx=x2-x1; Δy=y2-y1; Δz=z2-z1; Where, (x1, y1, z1) is the actual antenna position coordinate, (x2, y2, z2) is the expected position coordinate, Δx is the x-direction error between the expected antenna coordinate and the actual coordinate, Δy is the y-direction error between the expected antenna coordinate and the actual coordinate, and Δz is the z-direction error between the expected antenna coordinate and the actual coordinate; C23. Compare the actual azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna with the expected azimuth and elevation angles, and calculate the direction error. The calculation formula is as follows: Δθ1=θ4-θ3, Among them, Δθ1 is the azimuth error, θ4 is the expected azimuth, and θ3 is the actual azimuth. is the desired pitch angle, is the actual pitch angle, is the pitch angle error; C24. Determine whether the calculated azimuth error and position error exceed the allowable range. If not, perform data processing through a microprocessor. If not, further adjust and optimize the data so that the calculated azimuth error and position error can be adjusted within the allowable range.

10. A steering adjustment method for a 5G high-precision combined antenna, based on a steering adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Monitor the current position, direction and signal quality of the 5G high-precision combination antenna in real time through the sensor module; S2, after receiving the data transmitted by the sensor module, the control module performs data preprocessing and verification; S3, the control module uses a preset algorithm and strategy to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted; S4, the control module sends the adjustment instruction to the drive module through the communication interface; S5. After receiving the instruction, the driving module analyzes the instruction content and drives the steering mechanism of the antenna to perform steering adjustment according to the instruction requirements; S6. After the antenna steering adjustment is completed, the actual adjusted position and state information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna is fed back to the control module through the feedback module; S7. After receiving the feedback information, the control module compares it with the preset target state and evaluates the adjustment effect. If the adjustment effect is not ideal, the control module will recalculate the adjustment instruction based on the feedback information and send it to the drive module again for fine-tuning. If the adjustment effect is ideal, it returns to S6.

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