Tomato grafting seedling raising method in high humidity environment

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of eggplant grafting seedling, and particularly relates to a tomato grafting seedling method in high-humidity environment. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a protein additive; preparing a substrate modifier; and tomato sleeve grafting seedling. The substrate modifier is prepared by introducing microbial agents and earthworm manure into a tomato culture substrate. The earthworm manure contains essential plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and also contains trace nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc, which can meet the growth needs of tomatoes. Moreover, the earthworm manure and microbial agents are gradually released after being combined, have a certain slow-release effect, avoid the occurrence of root burning due to excessive nutrition and excessive metabolism of tomato seedlings in high-humidity environment, and can continuously provide nutrients during subsequent grafting, thereby improving the success rate of tomato grafting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solanaceous grafting and seedling cultivation technology, specifically to a method for tomato grafting and seedling cultivation under high humidity conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Tomato production requires seedling transplanting. Tomato cultivation is usually divided into spring and autumn seasons, so the main time for tomato seedling raising is winter and summer. In early spring, southern regions often experience cloudy and rainy days with weak sunlight and high humidity. Therefore, tomato grafting and seedling raising are often carried out in a high-humidity environment. Under such conditions, grafted seedlings are prone to excessive growth, severe aerial roots, and seedling death, resulting in low survival rate and poor marketability. The existing technical solution is to improve the survival rate of tomatoes by centralized large-scale management and controlling environmental factors such as humidity and temperature in greenhouses.

[0003] However, this method of environmental regulation cannot improve the tomato's resistance to environmental stress. Therefore, this invention provides a method for tomato grafting and seedling cultivation in a high-humidity environment, which improves the grafting success rate by enhancing the environmental stress resistance of the tomato grafted seedlings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for grafting and raising tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions.

[0005] A method for grafting and raising tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Preparation of protein additives

[0007] Take black soldier fly powder, place it in the center of clean filter paper, fold it tightly, and extract it in a Soxhlet extractor. After extraction, remove the filter paper, remove the solvent, and obtain black soldier fly defatted protein powder. Take neutral protease and trypsin into an Erlenmeyer flask, add black soldier fly defatted protein powder, add distilled water, stir evenly with a glass rod, and then water bath. Shake, and after water bath, inactivate the enzymes, centrifuge and collect the supernatant to obtain the treated protein additive.

[0008] S2: Preparation of matrix modifier

[0009] A liquid culture medium was prepared by mixing protein additives, yeast extract and sodium chloride. Bacillus berberis S3-1 was inoculated into the liquid culture medium and cultured to obtain a microbial agent. The microbial agent was added to earthworm castings and mixed evenly. After sealing, it was cultured in a light incubator. After 7 days of culture, a substrate improver was obtained.

[0010] S3: Tomato seedling propagation by grafting

[0011] By adding a substrate improver to the tomato growing medium, the growth of the tomato rootstock and scion is regulated, ensuring that the stems of the rootstock and scion are of similar thickness. A slanted cut is made above the cotyledons of the rootstock, ensuring that the height of the cuts is consistent across the entire tray of rootstock seedlings, with the cuts being flat and in the same direction. A slanted cut is made below the first true leaf of the scion, with the cut being flat and matching the size of the rootstock cut. The sleeve is then placed on the rootstock, and the scion is inserted into the sleeve, with the slanted cut aligned with the slanted cut of the rootstock, ensuring that the cuts are tightly joined. For the first 3 days after grafting, the scion is placed in a healing room for cultivation. On the 4th day after grafting, it is transferred to a seedbed for healing, with the film removed three times a day (morning, noon, and evening). Once the plants no longer wilt after exposure to light, the shade net is removed. After the wounds have healed for 7-8 days, the seedlings are hardened off, and transplanted after 15-18 days.

[0012] Further, step S1, preparing the protein treatment additive, includes the following steps:

[0013] S1.1: Take 5-8 parts by weight of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 80-85 parts by volume of petroleum ether, diethyl ether and acetone and pour them into 3 spherical extraction flasks, extract for 6-12 hours.

[0014] S1.2: After extraction, remove the filter paper and place it in a 65-70℃ oven to remove the solvent, thus obtaining black soldier fly defatted protein powder;

[0015] S1.3: Take 5000 U / g of neutral protease and trypsin into an Erlenmeyer flask, add 2-3 parts by weight of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 20-25 parts by volume of distilled water. Stir well with a glass rod and place in a water bath at 40-50℃ for 2-3 hours, shaking for 5-10 minutes every 20 minutes.

[0016] S1.4: After the water bath is complete, inactivate the enzyme at 100-105℃ for 10-15 min, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5000-5200 r / min for 10-15 min, and take the supernatant to obtain the protein additive.

[0017] Further, step S2, preparing the matrix modifier, includes the following steps:

[0018] S2.1: Prepare a liquid culture medium by mixing 10 g / L of protein treatment additive, 5 g / L of yeast extract, and 10 g / L of sodium chloride. Adjust the pH of the culture medium to 7.2-7.4. Inoculate Bacillus belye S3-1 into the liquid culture medium and incubate at 28-30℃ and 200-220 r / min for 20-22 h to achieve a bacterial concentration of 1.785 × 10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL was used to obtain the microbial inoculum;

[0019] S2.2: Take 50 parts by volume of microbial inoculant, add earthworm castings and mix evenly. After sealing, place in a 30-32℃ light incubator and cultivate for 13 hours of light and 11 hours of darkness. After 7 days of cultivation, the substrate improver is obtained.

[0020] Furthermore, step S3, tomato grafting seedling cultivation, includes the following steps:

[0021] S3.1: By adding a substrate improver to the tomato growing medium, the growth of tomato rootstock and scion is regulated, so that the stems of the rootstock and scion are matched. The rootstock reaches a stem diameter of ≥0.4cm, a plant height of 15-18cm, a thick stem, short internodes, the rootstock grows to 5-6 true leaves, the scion grows to 4-5 true leaves, the leaves are dark and glossy, the leaves are thick and spread out, the root system is well developed, there are many white roots, and there are no diseases or pests.

[0022] S3.2: Make a 30°-45° bevel 0.5cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock, with the bevel length being 0.5-0.8cm. Ensure that the height of the bevel cuts is consistent throughout the entire tray of rootstock seedlings, and that the cuts are flat and in the same direction.

[0023] S3.3: Make a 30°-45° oblique cut with a blade 1-2cm below the first true leaf of the scion, cut off two leaves and one bud or three leaves and one bud, the oblique cut is 0.5-0.8cm long, the cut is flat and the size matches the cut of the rootstock;

[0024] S3.4: Place a 1-1.2cm long sleeve over the rootstock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel facing the same direction as the bevel of the rootstock cut, and ensure that the cut is tightly joined to the rootstock cut.

[0025] S3.5: For the first 3 days after grafting, place the plant in a healing room, maintaining a temperature of 24℃-26℃, with supplemental lighting, and cover it with a white film, securing it tightly around the edges to ensure leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer the plant to a seedbed for healing, removing the film three times a day (morning, noon, and evening). Once the plant no longer wilts after receiving sunlight, remove the shade netting. After the wounds have healed in 7-8 days, harden off the seedlings, and transplant them after 15-18 days.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S1.3, both neutral protease and trypsin are 1-5 parts by weight.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S2.2, the application rate of earthworm castings is 1-1.2 kg / m³. 3 .

[0028] Furthermore, in step S3.1, the amount of matrix conditioner added is 1 kg / m³. 3 .

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. This invention introduces a substrate improver prepared by combining microbial inoculants and earthworm castings into the tomato culture medium. Earthworm castings contain essential plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as micronutrients such as calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc, which can meet the needs of tomato growth. Furthermore, the combination of earthworm castings and microbial inoculants will gradually release nutrients, which has a certain slow-release effect, avoiding root burn caused by excessive nutrition and metabolism in tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions. Moreover, it can continuously provide nutrients during the subsequent grafting process, thereby improving the success rate of tomato grafting.

[0031] 2. In the matrix improver prepared in this invention, the microbial agent is a protein additive prepared by defatting and enzymatic treatment of black soldier fly powder. Black soldier fly larvae are rich in high-quality protein with a relatively balanced amino acid composition, making them an ideal raw material for preparing peptone. Furthermore, black soldier flies reproduce rapidly, have a short growth cycle, and can survive in various environments, resulting in lower breeding costs. Compared to traditional methods of extracting animal and plant proteins, the production cost of black soldier fly protein is more economical. The addition of the protein additive selectively promotes the reproduction of Bacillus belyssus S3-1, thereby enhancing the dominance of Bacillus belyssus S3-1 and ensuring that the main bacterial group in the bacterial solution is Bacillus belyssus S3-1. This allows the microbial agent to combine with earthworm castings to provide environmental resistance for tomato grafted seedlings, improving the success rate of tomato grafting. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the specification, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure and enable those skilled in the art to implement and use the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a tomato grafting and seedling raising method under high humidity conditions used in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following describes in detail a method for tomato grafting and seedling cultivation under high humidity conditions provided by the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments; those skilled in the art can also use other alternative methods to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] A method for grafting and propagating tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Preparation of protein additives

[0038] S1.1: Take 5 parts by weight of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 80 parts by volume each of petroleum ether, diethyl ether and acetone and pour them into 3 spherical extraction flasks, extract for 6 hours.

[0039] S1.2: After extraction, remove the filter paper and place it in a 65℃ oven to remove the solvent, thus obtaining black soldier fly defatted protein powder;

[0040] S1.3: Take 5000 U / g of neutral protease and trypsin into an Erlenmeyer flask, add 2 parts by weight of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 20 parts by volume of distilled water. Stir well with a glass rod and place in a 40℃ water bath for 2 hours, shaking for 5 minutes every 20 minutes.

[0041] S1.4: After the water bath is complete, inactivate the enzyme at 100℃ for 10 min, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5000 r / min for 10 min, and take the supernatant to obtain the protein treatment additive.

[0042] S2: Preparation of matrix modifier

[0043] S2.1: Prepare a liquid culture medium by mixing 10 g / L protein treatment additive, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L sodium chloride, and adjust the pH of the medium to 7.2. Inoculate Bacillus belye S3-1 into the liquid culture medium and incubate at 28℃ and 200 r / min for 20 h to achieve a bacterial concentration of 1.785 × 10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL was used to obtain the microbial inoculum;

[0044] S2.2: Take 50 volumes of microbial inoculant, at a concentration of 1 kg / m³. 3 The appropriate amount of the mixture is added to earthworm castings, mixed evenly, sealed, and then placed in a 30℃ light incubator. The mixture is then cultured for 13 hours of light and 11 hours of darkness. After 7 days of culture, the substrate improver is obtained.

[0045] S3: Tomato seedling propagation by grafting

[0046] S3.1: By adding 1 kg / m³ to the tomato growing medium 3 The substrate conditioner regulates the growth of tomato rootstocks and scions, ensuring that the stems of the rootstocks and scions are well-matched. The rootstocks achieve a stem diameter of ≥0.4cm, a plant height of 15-18cm, robust stems, short internodes, 5 true leaves on the rootstocks, and 4 true leaves on the scions. The leaves are dark and glossy, thick and spread out, with well-developed root systems, many white roots, and no diseases or pests.

[0047] S3.2: Make a 30° bevel 0.5cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock, with the bevel being 0.5cm long, to ensure that the height of the cuts is consistent throughout the entire tray of rootstock seedlings, and that the cuts are flat and in the same direction;

[0048] S3.3: Make a 30° oblique cut with a blade 1cm below the first true leaf of the scion, cut off two leaves and one bud, the oblique cut is 0.5cm long, the cut is flat and the size matches the cut of the rootstock;

[0049] S3.4: Place a 1cm long sleeve over the rootstock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel facing the same direction as the bevel of the rootstock cut, and ensure that the cut is tightly joined to the rootstock cut.

[0050] S3.5: For the first 3 days after grafting, place the plant in a healing room with a temperature of 24℃, turn on the supplemental light, cover it with a white film, and press it tightly around the edges to ensure that the leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer the plant to a seedbed for healing. Remove the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Once the plant no longer wilts after being exposed to light, remove the shade net. After the wound has healed for 7 days, harden off the seedlings and transplant them after 15 days.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] A method for grafting and propagating tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0053] S1: Preparation of protein additives

[0054] S1.1: Take 8 parts by weight of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 85 parts by volume of petroleum ether, diethyl ether and acetone and pour them into 3 spherical extraction flasks, extract for 6 hours;

[0055] S1.2: After extraction, remove the filter paper and place it in a 65℃ oven to remove the solvent, thus obtaining black soldier fly defatted protein powder;

[0056] S1.3: Take 5000 U / g of neutral protease and trypsin into an Erlenmeyer flask, add 3 parts by weight of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 25 parts by volume of distilled water. Stir well with a glass rod and place in a 40℃ water bath for 2 hours, shaking for 5 minutes every 20 minutes.

[0057] S1.4: After the water bath is complete, inactivate the enzyme at 100℃ for 10 min, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5000 r / min for 10 min, and take the supernatant to obtain the protein treatment additive.

[0058] S2: Preparation of matrix modifier

[0059] S2.1: Prepare a liquid culture medium by mixing 10 g / L protein treatment additive, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L sodium chloride, and adjust the pH of the medium to 7.2. Inoculate Bacillus belye S3-1 into the liquid culture medium and incubate at 28℃ and 200 r / min for 20 h to achieve a bacterial concentration of 1.785 × 10⁻⁶.7 CFU / mL was used to obtain the microbial inoculum;

[0060] S2.2: Take 50 volumes of microbial inoculant, at a concentration of 1.2 kg / m³. 3 The appropriate amount of the mixture is added to earthworm castings, mixed evenly, sealed, and then placed in a 30℃ light incubator. The mixture is then cultured for 13 hours of light and 11 hours of darkness. After 7 days of culture, the substrate improver is obtained.

[0061] S3: Tomato seedling propagation by grafting

[0062] S3.1: By adding 1 kg / m³ to the tomato growing medium 3 The substrate conditioner regulates the growth of tomato rootstocks and scions, ensuring that the stems of the rootstocks and scions are well-matched. The rootstocks achieve a stem diameter of ≥0.4cm, a plant height of 15-18cm, robust stems, short internodes, 5 true leaves on the rootstocks, and 4 true leaves on the scions. The leaves are dark and glossy, thick and spread out, with well-developed root systems, many white roots, and no diseases or pests.

[0063] S3.2: Make a 30° bevel 0.5cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock, with the bevel being 0.5cm long, to ensure that the height of the cuts is consistent throughout the entire tray of rootstock seedlings, and that the cuts are flat and in the same direction;

[0064] S3.3: Make a 30° oblique cut with a blade 1cm below the first true leaf of the scion, cut off two leaves and one bud, the oblique cut is 0.5cm long, the cut is flat and the size matches the cut of the rootstock;

[0065] S3.4: Place a 1cm long sleeve over the rootstock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel facing the same direction as the bevel of the rootstock cut, and ensure that the cut is tightly joined to the rootstock cut.

[0066] S3.5: For the first 3 days after grafting, place the plant in a healing room with a temperature of 24℃, turn on the supplemental light, cover it with a white film, and press it tightly around the edges to ensure that the leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer the plant to a seedbed for healing. Remove the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Once the plant no longer wilts after being exposed to light, remove the shade net. After the wound has healed for 7 days, harden off the seedlings and transplant them after 15 days.

[0067] Example 3:

[0068] A method for grafting and propagating tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0069] S1: Preparation of protein additives

[0070] S1.1: Take 5 parts by weight of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 80 parts by volume of petroleum ether, diethyl ether and acetone and pour them into 3 spherical extraction flasks, extract for 12 hours.

[0071] S1.2: After extraction, remove the filter paper and place it in a 70℃ oven to remove the solvent, thus obtaining black soldier fly defatted protein powder;

[0072] S1.3: Take 5000 U / g of neutral protease and trypsin into an Erlenmeyer flask, add 2 parts by weight of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 20 parts by volume of distilled water. Stir well with a glass rod and place in a 50℃ water bath for 3 hours, shaking for 10 minutes every 20 minutes.

[0073] S1.4: After the water bath is complete, inactivate the enzyme at 105℃ for 15 min, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5200 r / min for 15 min, and take the supernatant to obtain the protein additive.

[0074] S2: Preparation of matrix modifier

[0075] S2.1: Prepare a liquid culture medium by mixing 10 g / L of protein treatment additive, 5 g / L of yeast extract, and 10 g / L of sodium chloride, and adjust the pH of the medium to 7.4. Inoculate Bacillus belye S3-1 into the liquid culture medium and incubate at 30℃ and 220 r / min for 22 h to achieve a bacterial concentration of 1.785 × 10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL was used to obtain the microbial inoculum;

[0076] S2.2: Take 50 volumes of microbial inoculant, at a concentration of 1 kg / m³. 3 The appropriate amount of the mixture is added to earthworm castings, mixed evenly, sealed, and then placed in a 32℃ light incubator. The mixture is then cultured for 13 hours of light and 11 hours of darkness. After 7 days of culture, the substrate improver is obtained.

[0077] S3: Tomato seedling propagation by grafting

[0078] S3.1: By adding 1 kg / m³ to the tomato growing medium 3 The substrate conditioner regulates the growth of tomato rootstocks and scions, ensuring that the stems of the rootstocks and scions are well-matched. The rootstocks achieve a stem diameter of ≥0.4cm, a plant height of 15-18cm, robust stems, short internodes, 6 true leaves on the rootstocks, and 5 true leaves on the scions. The leaves are dark and glossy, thick and spread out, with well-developed root systems, many white roots, and no diseases or pests.

[0079] S3.2: Make a 45° bevel 0.5cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock, with the bevel length being 0.8cm, to ensure that the height of the cuts is consistent throughout the entire tray of rootstock seedlings, and that the cuts are flat and in the same direction;

[0080] S3.3: Make a 45° oblique cut 2cm below the first true leaf of the scion with a blade, cut off two leaves and one bud, the oblique cut is 0.5cm long, the cut is flat and the size matches the cut of the rootstock;

[0081] S3.4: Place a 1.2cm long sleeve over the rootstock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel facing the same direction as the bevel of the rootstock cut, and ensure that the cut is tightly joined to the rootstock cut.

[0082] S3.5: For the first 3 days after grafting, place the plant in a healing room with a temperature of 26℃, turn on the supplemental light, cover it with a white film, and press it tightly around the edges to ensure that the leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer the plant to a seedbed for healing. Remove the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Once the plant no longer wilts after being exposed to light, remove the shade net. After the wound has healed for 8 days, harden off the seedlings. Transplant the seedlings after 18 days.

[0083] Comparative Example 1:

[0084] Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 1 is that earthworm castings are not added in step S2.2. Specifically, "S2.2: Take 50 volumes of microbial inoculant, seal it and incubate it in a 30°C light incubator, and incubate it for 13 hours of light and 11 hours of darkness. After 7 days of incubation, the substrate improver is obtained." The other steps remain the same, which is Comparative Example 1.

[0085] Comparative Example 2:

[0086] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 2 differs in that, in step S2.1, instead of adding a protein treatment additive, tryptone is added. The tryptone is a commercially available product. Specifically: "S2.1: Prepare a liquid culture medium by mixing 10 g / L tryptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L sodium chloride, and adjust the pH of the culture medium to 7.2. Inoculate Bacillus belye S3-1 into the liquid culture medium and culture it at 28°C and 200 r / min for 20 h to achieve a bacterial concentration of 1.785 × 10⁻⁶." 7 "CFU / mL, to obtain microbial inoculum", the remaining steps remain unchanged, for Comparative Example 2.

[0087] Tomato grafting was performed using the methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, with 20 plants in each group. The survival rate of the grafted tomatoes was recorded, as shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1

[0089] Survival rate (%) Example 1 90 Example 2 95 Example 3 85 Comparative Example 1 70 Comparative Example 2 75

[0090] The survival rate of Examples 1-3 was over 85%, while the survival rate of Comparative Example 1 was 70% and that of Comparative Example 2 was 75%. This demonstrates that the present invention, by introducing earthworm castings to continuously provide nutrients during the tomato grafting process, improves the success rate of tomato grafting. Furthermore, the protein additive prepared from black soldier fly powder after defatting and enzymatic treatment promotes the reproduction of Bacillus belyssus S3-1 more effectively than commercially available tryptone, thereby enhancing the dominance of Bacillus belyssus S3-1, providing stress resistance to tomato grafted seedlings, and increasing the success rate of tomato grafting.

[0091] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for grafting and raising tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of protein additives Take black soldier fly powder, place it in the center of clean filter paper, fold it tightly, and extract it in a Soxhlet extractor. After extraction, remove the filter paper, remove the solvent, and obtain black soldier fly defatted protein powder. Take neutral protease and trypsin into an Erlenmeyer flask, add black soldier fly defatted protein powder, add distilled water, stir evenly with a glass rod, and then water bath. Shake, and after water bath, inactivate the enzymes, centrifuge and collect the supernatant to obtain the treated protein additive. S2: Preparation of matrix modifier S2.1: Prepare a liquid culture medium by mixing 10 g / L of protein treatment additive, 5 g / L of yeast extract and 10 g / L of sodium chloride, and adjust the pH of the culture medium to 7.2-7.

4. Inoculate Bacillus belye S3-1 into the liquid culture medium and culture it at 28-30℃ and 200-220 r / min for 20-22 h to achieve a bacterial concentration of 1.785×107 CFU / mL to obtain the microbial agent. S2.2: Take 50 parts by volume of microbial inoculant, add earthworm castings and mix evenly. After sealing, place in a 30-32℃ light incubator and incubate for 13 hours of light and 11 hours of darkness. After 7 days of incubation, the substrate improver is obtained. S3: Tomato seedling propagation by grafting By adding a substrate improver to the tomato growing medium, the growth of the tomato rootstock and scion is regulated, ensuring that the stems of the rootstock and scion are of similar thickness. A slanted cut is made above the cotyledons of the rootstock, ensuring that the height of the cuts is consistent across the entire tray of rootstock seedlings, with the cuts being flat and in the same direction. A slanted cut is made below the first true leaf of the scion, with the cut being flat and matching the size of the rootstock cut. The sleeve is then placed on the rootstock, and the scion is inserted into the sleeve, with the slanted cut aligned with the slanted cut of the rootstock, ensuring that the cuts are tightly joined. For the first 3 days after grafting, the scion is placed in a healing room for cultivation. On the 4th day after grafting, it is transferred to a seedbed for healing, with the film removed three times a day (morning, noon, and evening). Once the plants no longer wilt after exposure to light, the shade net is removed. After the wounds have healed for 7-8 days, the seedlings are hardened off, and transplanted after 15-18 days.

2. The method for grafting and raising tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 involves preparing the protein treatment additive, including the following steps: S1.1: Take 5-8 parts by weight of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 80-85 parts by volume of petroleum ether, diethyl ether and acetone and pour them into 3 spherical extraction flasks, extract for 6-12 hours. S1.2: After extraction, remove the filter paper and place it in a 65-70℃ oven to remove the solvent, thus obtaining black soldier fly defatted protein powder; S1.3: Take 5000 U / g of neutral protease and trypsin into an Erlenmeyer flask, add 2-3 parts by weight of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 20-25 parts by volume of distilled water. Stir well with a glass rod and place in a water bath at 40-50℃ for 2-3 hours, shaking for 5-10 minutes every 20 minutes. S1.4: After the water bath is complete, inactivate the enzyme at 100-105℃ for 10-15 min, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5000-5200 r / min for 10-15 min, and take the supernatant to obtain the protein additive.

3. The method for grafting and raising tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S3, tomato grafting seedling cultivation, includes the following steps: S3.1: By adding a substrate improver to the tomato culture medium, the growth of tomato rootstock and scion plants is regulated, so that the stems of the rootstock and scion are matched. The rootstock reaches a stem diameter of ≥0.4cm, a plant height of 15-18cm, a thick stem, short internodes, the rootstock grows to 5-6 true leaves, the scion grows to 4-5 true leaves, the leaves are dark and glossy, the leaves are thick and spread out, the root system is well developed, there are many white roots, and there are no diseases and pests. S3.2: Make a 30°-45° bevel 0.5cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock, with the bevel length being 0.5-0.8cm. Ensure that the height of the bevel cuts is consistent throughout the entire batch of rootstock seedlings, and that the cuts are flat and in the same direction. S3.3: Make a 30°-45° oblique cut with a blade 1-2cm below the first true leaf of the scion, cut off two leaves and one bud or three leaves and one bud, the oblique cut is 0.5-0.8cm long, the cut is flat and the size matches the cut of the rootstock; S3.4: Place a 1-1.2cm long sleeve over the rootstock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel facing the same direction as the bevel of the rootstock cut, and ensure that the cut is tightly joined to the rootstock cut. S3.5: For the first 3 days after grafting, place the plant in a healing room with a temperature of 24℃-26℃, turn on the supplemental light, cover with a white film, and press it tightly around the edges to ensure that the leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer the plant to a seedbed for healing. Remove the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Once the plant no longer wilts after being exposed to light, remove the shade net. After the wounds have healed in 7-8 days, harden off the seedlings. Transplant the seedlings in 15-18 days.

4. The method for grafting and raising tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1.3, the neutral protease and trypsin are both 1-5 parts by weight.

5. The method for grafting and raising tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2.2, the application rate of earthworm castings is 1-1.2 kg / m³. 3 .

6. The method for grafting and raising tomato seedlings under high humidity conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S3.1, the amount of matrix conditioner added is 1 kg / m³. 3 .

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