Agricultural and forestry waste fermented product as well as preparation method and application thereof
By preparing fermented agricultural and forestry waste products rich in organic matter and plant hormones, the problem of unsatisfactory improvement effects of saline-alkali soil has been solved, achieving low-cost ecological restoration and plant growth promotion effects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INST OF FORESTRY CHINESE ACAD OF FORESTRY
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for improving saline-alkali soil have unsatisfactory effects and may cause environmental pollution or consume a lot of resources.
A settling solution was prepared by mixing earthworm castings, molasses, and water. This solution was then combined with soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste, and shell powder for fermentation. The moisture content was adjusted and the mixture was covered with a black film to produce a fermented product of agricultural and forestry waste rich in organic matter and plant hormones.
It achieves low-cost and simple ecological restoration of saline-alkali land, promotes plant growth and enhances the ability to withstand salt and alkali stress, and significantly improves the soil quality of moderately saline-alkali land.
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Figure CN121950316A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural and forestry waste utilization technology, and in particular to a fermentation product of agricultural and forestry waste, its preparation method and application. Background Technology
[0002] Saline-alkali soil is a very important reserve of arable land. According to incomplete statistics, the global area of saline-alkali land has reached 9.5 × 10⁻⁶. 8 hm 2 And at an annual rate of 1.0~1.5×10 6 hm 2 The rate of growth.
[0003] Among various measures for improving saline-alkali soil, water conservancy projects, agricultural practices, and chemical amendments are widely used, but their effects are not ideal. While chemical amendments can quickly change soil structure, they may also cause secondary pollution; agricultural methods require significant human, material, and financial resources. Utilizing naturally sourced biomass for eco-friendly, pollution-free, and low-cost remediation technologies represents one of the future development trends. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fermented product of agricultural and forestry waste, its preparation method and application. The fermented product prepared by this invention can effectively restore and treat moderately saline-alkali land, and is low-cost and simple.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for preparing fermented agricultural and forestry waste, comprising the following steps: Mix earthworm castings, molasses, and water, and let it stand to obtain a settling solution; Soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste, and shell powder are mixed, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted using the settling liquid. The mixture is then covered with a black film and fermented to obtain fermented agricultural and forestry waste.
[0006] Preferably, the mass ratio of earthworm castings, molasses, and water is 10:1:100.
[0007] Preferably, the settling time is 12 hours.
[0008] Preferably, the agricultural and forestry waste includes white elm branch powder.
[0009] Preferably, the volume ratio of soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste and shell powder is 5:20:1.
[0010] Preferably, the water content of the resulting mixture is adjusted to 40-50 wt%.
[0011] Preferably, the fermentation time is 15 days.
[0012] This invention provides fermented agricultural and forestry waste products prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.
[0013] This invention provides the application of the fermented agricultural and forestry waste products described in the above technical solution in the ecological restoration of moderately saline-alkali land.
[0014] This invention provides a method for preparing fermented agricultural and forestry waste. Molasses is used as a carbon source for microbial metabolism. Earthworm intestinal microorganisms from earthworm castings are enriched, and the enriched microorganisms are used to ferment a mixture of soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste, and shell powder. The resulting fermented product is rich in organic matter, small-molecule organic nitrogenous substances (peptides, amino acids), cytokinins, and other hormones. This enhances the plant's tolerance to salt and alkali stress, enabling ecological restoration of moderately saline-alkali land. The method is low-cost and simple. Example results show that the fermented agricultural and forestry waste prepared by this invention can significantly promote the growth of ornamental grasses, roses, walnuts, and other plants in moderately saline-alkali land with a salt content of 0.4% to 0.6%. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 The composition spectrum of the fermentation product prepared in Example 1 was determined by LC-MS metabolomics. Figure 2 Comparison of ornamental grass planting conditions in moderately saline-alkali land; Figure 3 Comparison charts showing rose cultivation in moderately saline-alkali land; Figure 4 This is a comparison chart showing the planting conditions of walnuts in moderately saline-alkali land. Detailed Implementation
[0017] This invention provides a method for preparing fermented agricultural and forestry waste, comprising the following steps: Mix earthworm castings, molasses, and water, and let it stand to obtain a settling solution; Soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste, and shell powder are mixed, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted using the settling liquid. The mixture is then covered with a black film and fermented to obtain fermented agricultural and forestry waste.
[0018] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, all required materials are obtained in a manner known to those skilled in the art or are commercially available products known in the art.
[0019] This invention involves mixing earthworm castings, molasses, and water, and then allowing the mixture to stand to obtain a settling solution.
[0020] In this invention, the preferred mass ratio of earthworm castings, molasses, and water is 10:1:100. This invention does not impose any particular limitation on the source of the earthworm castings and molasses; they can be obtained in accordance with methods well known in the art.
[0021] The present invention does not have any special limitations on the mixing of earthworm castings, molasses and water; the mixture can be stirred and mixed according to a process known in the art.
[0022] In this invention, the settling time is preferably 12 hours.
[0023] After obtaining the settling liquid, the present invention mixes soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste and shell powder, adjusts the moisture content of the mixture using the settling liquid, covers it with a black film, and ferments it to obtain fermented agricultural and forestry waste.
[0024] In this invention, the agricultural and forestry waste preferably includes white elm branch powder; the particle size of the white elm branch powder is preferably less than 1 cm.
[0025] The present invention does not have any special limitation on the source of the soybean meal and agricultural and forestry waste, which can be obtained in a manner known in the art.
[0026] In this invention, the preferred volume ratio of soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste, and shell powder is 5:20:1.
[0027] This invention does not have any particular limitations on the mixing of soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste, and shell powder; the materials can be mixed evenly according to methods well known in the art. This invention utilizes the ability of shell powder to adjust pH and provide the calcium needed by plants.
[0028] In this invention, the settling liquid provides active microorganisms, soybean meal provides nitrogen, and agricultural and forestry waste provides carbon. The volume ratio of soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste, and shell powder in this invention can ensure that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is suitable for microorganisms in the settling liquid to ferment.
[0029] The present invention preferably adjusts the water content of the obtained mixture to 40-50 wt%, more preferably 45-50 wt%.
[0030] The present invention does not have any particular limitation on the black film, and any corresponding material known in the art can be used. The black film is preferably a black ground film, the main function of which is to maintain humidity and prevent moisture loss.
[0031] In this invention, the fermentation time is preferably 15 days; the fermentation is preferably carried out at room temperature, specifically at a temperature above 10°C.
[0032] This invention provides a fermented product of agricultural and forestry waste prepared by the method described in the above technical solution. The fermented product of agricultural and forestry waste prepared by this invention contains 50% organic matter. LC-MS metabolomics analysis shows that the fermented product is rich in amino acids, polypeptides, and other molecular substances, and also contains various plant hormones: abscisic acid 195.34 pg / mg, gibberellin 1838.3 pg / mg, naphthaleneacetic acid 2629.7 pg / mg, kinetin (cytokinin) 216.3 pg / mg, indoleacetic acid 28748.5 pg / mg, jasmonic acid 5355.1 pg / mg, and salicylic acid 4061.0 pg / mg. These small-molecule organic nitrogen and hormone-like substances belong to biostimulants, which can promote plant growth and enhance tolerance to environmental stress.
[0033] This invention also provides the application of the fermented agricultural and forestry waste products described in the above technical solution in the ecological restoration of moderately saline-alkali land.
[0034] In this invention, the fermented agricultural and forestry waste is preferably applied at a rate of 1 to 1.5 tons per mu to moderately saline-alkali land for ecological restoration.
[0035] To further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, describes the fermented agricultural and forestry waste products, their preparation methods, and applications provided by the present invention. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0036] Example 1 Mix earthworm castings, molasses and water in a mass ratio of 10:1:100, stir well, and let stand for 12 hours to obtain a settling solution. Soybean meal, white elm branch powder, and shell powder were mixed in a volume ratio of 5:20:1. The moisture content of the mixture was adjusted to 50 wt% using the settling liquid. The mixture was then covered with a black film and fermented for 15 days to obtain the fermented product.
[0037] Experiment and verification 1) Figure 1 The composition spectrum of the fermentation product prepared in Example 1 was determined by LC-MS metabolomics, showing that the fermentation product is rich in amino acids, polypeptides, and other molecular substances, and also contains a variety of plant hormones: abscisic acid 195.34 pg / mg, gibberellin 1838.3 pg / mg, naphthaleneacetic acid 2629.7 pg / mg, kinetin (cytokinin) 216.3 pg / mg, indoleacetic acid 28748.5 pg / mg, jasmonic acid 5355.1 pg / mg, and salicylic acid 4061.0 pg / mg. These small-molecule organic nitrogen and hormone-like substances belong to biostimulants, which can promote plant growth and enhance tolerance to environmental stress.
[0038] 2) An experiment was conducted at a research center's experimental base. In 2018, the soil salinity was 0.5% to 0.6%, which is considered moderately saline-alkali land.
[0039] Figure 2 The growth of ornamental grasses treated with the fermentation products of this example and its control group were compared. Soil salinity was 0.5%, and the application rate was 1 ton per acre. The control group received 1 ton per acre of commercially available organic fertilizer. Ornamental grass seedlings were transplanted into holes using conventional planting techniques. The ornamental grasses were planted in 2018, and the photos were taken in the autumn of 2018. Figure 2 It can be seen that the growth rate of ornamental grasses is significantly increased when the fermentation product of this invention is applied.
[0040] Figure 3 The growth of roses treated with the fermentation product of this invention and its control group were compared. The soil salinity was 0.5%, and the application rate was 1 ton per acre. The control group received 1 ton per acre of commercially available organic fertilizer. Rose seedlings were transplanted into holes using conventional planting methods in moderately saline-alkali soil (left side shows roses treated with the fermentation product of this invention, right side shows roses treated with commercially available organic fertilizer). The roses were planted in 2018, and the photos were taken in the autumn of 2022. Figure 3 It can be seen that the application of the fermentation product of this invention significantly increases the growth rate of roses.
[0041] Figure 4 The growth of walnuts treated with the fermentation product of this invention and its control group were compared. Soil salinity was 0.5%, and the application rate was 1 ton per acre. The control group received 1 ton per acre of commercially available organic fertilizer. Walnut seedlings were transplanted into holes using conventional planting methods. The walnuts were planted in 2018, and the photos were taken in the autumn of 2022. Figure 4 It can be seen that the application of the fermentation product of this invention significantly increases the growth rate of walnuts. The soil salinity of the control group (i.e., the application of organic fertilizer) decreased to between 0.2% and 0.3%, while the soil salinity of the treatment group (i.e., the application of the fermentation product of this invention) decreased to below 0.2%, indicating better restoration of saline-alkali land.
[0042] Comparative Example 1 Mix earthworm castings, molasses, and water in a mass ratio of 20:1:100, stir well, and let stand for 12 hours to obtain a settling solution. Soybean meal, white elm branch powder, and shell powder were mixed in a volume ratio of 5:20:1. The moisture content of the mixture was adjusted to 50 wt% using the settling liquid, and then fermented for 15 days with a black film.
[0043] Temperature monitoring during the period revealed that the temperature did not exceed 60℃ within 15 days, indicating that fermentation failed to start. This suggests that increasing the proportion of earthworm castings reduced the concentration of effective carbon sources in molasses, making it impossible to effectively enrich fermentation microorganisms.
[0044] Comparative Example 2 Mix earthworm castings, molasses and water in a mass ratio of 10:1:100, stir well, and let stand for 12 hours to obtain a settling solution. Soybean meal, white elm branch powder, and shell powder were mixed in a volume ratio of 3:20:1. The moisture content of the mixture was adjusted to 50 wt% using the settling liquid, and then fermented for 15 days with a black film.
[0045] Temperature monitoring during the period revealed that the temperature failed to exceed 60℃ within 15 days, indicating that fermentation failed to start. This suggests that reducing the proportion of soybean meal increased the carbon-nitrogen ratio, which limited microbial activity.
[0046] Comparative Example 3 Mix earthworm castings, molasses and water in a mass ratio of 10:1:150, stir well, and let stand for 12 hours to obtain a settling liquid. Soybean meal, white elm branch powder, and shell powder were mixed in a volume ratio of 5:20:1. The moisture content of the mixture was adjusted to 50 wt% using the settling liquid, and then fermented for 15 days with a black film.
[0047] Temperature monitoring during the period revealed that the temperature failed to exceed 60℃ within 15 days, indicating that fermentation failed to start. This suggests that increasing the water ratio reduced the molasses concentration, and the effective carbon source did not reach the effective threshold for activating microbial activity.
[0048] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on the present invention without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing fermented agricultural and forestry waste, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Mix earthworm castings, molasses, and water, and let it stand to obtain a settling solution; Soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste, and shell powder are mixed, and the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted using the settling liquid. The mixture is then covered with a black film and fermented to obtain fermented agricultural and forestry waste.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of earthworm castings, molasses, and water is 10:1:
100.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The settling time is 12 hours.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The agricultural and forestry waste includes powdered white elm branches.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The volume ratio of soybean meal, agricultural and forestry waste, and shell powder is 5:20:
1.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjust the water content of the resulting mixture to 40-50 wt%.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The fermentation time is 15 days.
8. The fermented agricultural and forestry waste product prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The application of the fermented agricultural and forestry waste product as described in claim 8 in the ecological restoration of moderately saline-alkali land.