Convex joint type large blood vessel anastomat and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a convex joint type great vessel anastomat which comprises an outer male ring, an inner male ring, an outer female ring and an inner female ring, the inner male ring and the outer male ring are coaxially nested, the inner female ring and the outer female ring are coaxially nested, the adjacent nested circumferential surfaces are conical surfaces, the joint end faces of the inner male ring and the inner female ring are in mortise and tenon joint, and the joint end faces of the outer male ring and the outer female ring are in mortise and tenon joint. And a lock is also arranged between the outer male ring and the female ring and is used for connecting and fastening the outer male ring and the female ring into a whole. The device is suitable for clinical anastomosis of various great vascular diseases, and can effectively shorten the vascular anastomosis time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an externally convex joint type large blood vessel anastomosis device and application thereof, and relates to the field of medical instruments. Background Art

[0002] Large vessel anastomosis surgery is often used in large vessel diseases related to heart transplantation, aortic dissection, and thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Large vessel anastomosis surgery is different from general vascular anastomosis surgery. First of all, the diameter of the anastomosed vascular stump is large, so the suturing time is long, and the large blood vessels are not easy to fold, which limits the way of large vessel anastomosis. At the same time, large blood vessels are often located in a deeper position in the human body, and the surgical operation space is greatly limited. At present, traditional manual suturing is still the most commonly used in clinical practice, but manual suturing requires high suturing skills from doctors, and doctors need a long time to train in suturing surgery. In addition, manual suturing takes a long time, and suturing is prone to human errors. From the perspective of clinical surgery, shortening the suturing time can effectively reduce the incidence of surgical mortality in patients and improve the survival rate of patients after surgery.

[0003] At present, the methods used for rapid anastomosis of large blood vessels include magnetic compression anastomosis, medical adhesives, buckle puncture method, and vascular stent method. The magnetic compression anastomosis method uses the mutual attraction between magnetic rings to achieve vascular anastomosis, but the magnitude of the magnetic force used in the magnetic compression anastomosis method is difficult to determine. Excessive magnetic force will cause necrosis of the squeezed blood vessels and thus rupture of the blood vessels, while too little magnetic force will cause leakage at the vascular anastomosis. Both of these situations will have serious consequences in suture surgery. In addition, the magnetic compression vascular anastomosis device will restrict patients from using medical imaging examinations such as CT imaging examinations; medical adhesives use some kind of "glue" with good biocompatibility to achieve the bonding of the broken ends of the blood vessels, but the elasticity of the bonding part is poor and the performance is brittle. The buckle puncture method uses two anastomosis devices that can buckle with each other to puncture the two ends of the blood vessel, and buckle the two sections to make them buckle together. The buckle puncture method requires the blood vessel to be folded on the anastomosis device, but large blood vessels are not easy to fold, and the buckle for puncturing the blood vessel is often large, which will cause greater damage to the blood vessel. When the blood vessel is stretched, the stress at the buckle is concentrated, which can easily cause the blood vessel to tear. The vascular stent method is to place a stent with good blood compatibility in the blood vessel, overlap the two ends of the blood vessel on the stent, and then tie it up with non-absorbable sutures. The vascular stent method can avoid suturing, but the vascular stent will reduce the diameter of the blood vessel and affect blood flow. At the same time, in order to tie the two sections of the blood vessel, it is necessary to set a protrusion on the vascular stent, which will increase the incidence of thrombosis.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a fast, safe, reliable and simple vascular anastomosis device suitable for large blood vessels. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an externally convex joint type large blood vessel anastomosis device and its application.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an external convex joint type large blood vessel anastomosis device, including an outer male ring, an inner male ring, an outer female ring, and an inner female ring. The inner and outer male rings and the inner and outer female rings are coaxially nested with each other and the adjacent nested circumferential surfaces are conical surfaces. The connecting end faces of the inner male and female rings and the connecting end faces of the outer male and female rings are mortise and tenon-fitted with each other, and a lock is also provided between the outer male and female rings to connect and fasten the outer male and female rings into one.

[0007] Preferably, the inner and outer male rings are both provided with annular protrusions on the connecting end faces, and the inner and outer female rings are both provided with annular recesses on the connecting end faces for engagement with the corresponding annular protrusions, so as to facilitate mortise and tenon engagement.

[0008] Preferably, the conical surface of the inner male ring is the outer wall of the inner male ring, the conical surface of the outer male ring is the inner wall of the outer male ring, the conical surface of the inner female ring is the outer wall of the inner female ring, and the conical surface of the outer female ring is the inner wall of the outer female ring. The outer wall of the inner male ring and the inner wall of the outer male ring, as well as the outer wall of the inner female ring and the inner wall of the outer female ring are parallel to each other and the spacing is smaller than the thickness of the blood vessel wall. The conical surfaces of the outer male and female rings are symmetrical along the axial direction, and the conical surfaces of the inner male and female rings are symmetrical along the axial direction.

[0009] Preferably, the included angles between the generatrix on the inner male ring outer wall, the inner female ring outer wall, the outer male ring inner wall, and the outer female ring inner wall and the central axis of the anastomosis device are all 10° to 20°.

[0010] Preferably, the outer walls of the outer male ring and the outer female ring are formed with conical surfaces which are mutually symmetrical along the axial direction, and transition fillets are provided at the joints between the conical surfaces and the other surfaces.

[0011] Preferably, the lock adopts a concave-convex buckle that is screwed together along the circumferential direction between the outer male and female rings.

[0012] Preferably, the concave and convex buckles all include protrusions fixed on the circumference, and the protrusions are all provided with a snap-fitting convex portion on the end side facing the screwing direction, and the axial side of the snap-fitting convex portion is provided with a snap-fitting concave portion; wherein, the snap-fitting convex portion of the outer male ring and the snap-fitting concave portion of the outer female ring are screwed together and embedded in each other, and the snap-fitting concave portion of the outer male ring and the snap-fitting convex portion of the outer female ring are screwed together and embedded in each other.

[0013] Preferably, the concave and convex buckles are both provided with wire holes for screwing together and threading sutures through sutures.

[0014] Preferably, there are a plurality of concave and convex buckles on the male and female rings evenly distributed along the circumference, and the number of concave and convex buckles on the male and female rings is the same.

[0015] The invention discloses an application of an outwardly convexly engaged large blood vessel stapler, which is applied in the anastomosis operation of the broken ends of large blood vessels.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adopts inner and outer male rings and inner and outer female rings to clamp the two ends of the disconnected blood vessel respectively, thereby avoiding the problem of stress concentration when the puncture site is stretched due to puncturing the blood vessel.

[0017] At the same time, the two broken ends of the blood vessel can be tightly combined after the anastomosis device is connected and locked, which is beneficial to the self-healing of the blood vessel.

[0018] The mortise and tenon joints of the connecting end faces of each ring facilitate initial positioning and guidance for subsequent steps, and can also assist clinical personnel in aligning blood vessels and shorten the operation time.

[0019] 2. The present invention uses a lock to connect and fasten the male and female rings as a whole, thereby limiting the axial displacement of the two ends of the blood vessel, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the vascular anastomosis device in fixing the blood vessel.

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic three-dimensional assembly diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an assembly of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the outer male ring of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional view of an outer male ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an outer female ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an outer female ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the inner male ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic cross-sectional view of the inner male ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 9It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the inner female ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the inner female ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of assembly step 1 of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second assembly step of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.13 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of assembly step three of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.14 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of assembly step four of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: outer male ring 1, inner male ring 2, outer female ring 3, inner female ring 4, connecting end face 5, lock 6, annular convex part 7, annular concave part 8, protrusion 9, snap-fitting convex part 10, snap-fitting concave part 11, matching end face 12, wire hole 13, blood vessel 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, this embodiment provides an external convex joint type large blood vessel anastomosis device, including an outer male ring 1, an inner male ring 2, an outer female ring 3, and an inner female ring 4. The inner and outer male rings and the inner and outer female rings are coaxially nested with each other and the adjacent nested circumferential surfaces are conical surfaces. The connecting end faces 5 of the inner male and female rings and the connecting end faces of the outer male and female rings are mortise and tenon-fitted with each other, and a lock 6 is also provided between the outer male and female rings to connect and fasten the outer male and female rings as a whole.

[0040] The inner and outer male rings and the inner and outer female rings respectively clamp the two ends of the large blood vessel through the conical surfaces of the inner and outer rings, thereby radially fixing the two ends of the blood vessel.

[0041] The lock is used to connect and fasten the male and female rings together to achieve axial and circumferential fixation of the stapler.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present invention, the inner and outer male rings are both provided with an annular protrusion 7 on the connecting end faces, and the inner and outer female rings are both provided with an annular recess 8 on the connecting end faces for engaging with the corresponding annular protrusion, so as to facilitate mortise and tenon engagement. This engaging structure can effectively prevent blood leakage between the outer male ring and the outer female ring.

[0043] The end sides of the annular convex portion and the annular concave portion are both provided with fillets with equal radius, so as to facilitate the mutual cooperation between the inner male ring and the inner female ring, and between the outer male ring and the outer female ring.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present invention, the conical surface of the inner male ring is the outer wall of the inner male ring, the conical surface of the outer male ring is the inner wall of the outer male ring, the conical surface of the inner female ring is the outer wall of the inner female ring, and the conical surface of the outer female ring is the inner wall of the outer female ring. The outer wall of the inner male ring and the inner wall of the outer male ring, as well as the outer wall of the inner female ring and the inner wall of the outer female ring are parallel to each other and the spacing is smaller than the thickness of the blood vessel wall. An appropriate degree of clamping can avoid blood leakage along the direction of the blood vessel wall.

[0045] Specifically, the spacing should be 0.4 to 0.6 mm so that it can be suitable for blood vessels with a wall thickness of about 1 mm. The gap of 0.4 to 0.6 mm can ensure the fixation of the two ends of the blood vessel without causing damage to the blood vessel.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the conical surfaces of the outer male and female rings are bilaterally symmetrical along the axial direction, and the conical surfaces of the inner male and female rings are bilaterally symmetrical along the axial direction.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, the included angles between the generatrix on the inner male ring outer wall, the inner female ring outer wall, the outer male ring inner wall, and the outer female ring inner wall and the central axis of the anastomosis device are all 10° to 20°.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the outer walls of the outer male ring and the outer female ring are formed with conical surfaces that are mutually symmetrical along the axial direction, and transition fillets with larger radius are provided at the junctions between the conical surfaces and the other surfaces.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameters of the inner male and female rings are close to the inner diameter of the blood vessel and are smooth without protrusions, thereby avoiding the influence on the blood flow and reducing the occurrence of thrombosis.

[0050] Specifically, the inner diameter of the inner male and female rings can be 1.5 cm-3 cm, which can be suitable for common large blood vessels with an inner diameter of 1.5 cm-3 cm. Different types of anastomosis devices can be selected for use.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present invention, the lock adopts a concave-convex buckle that is screwed together along the circumferential direction between the outer male and female rings.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present invention, the concave and convex buckles all include protrusions 9 fixed on the circumference, which are an integral structure with the outer ring circumference, will not fall off, and have high reliability. The protrusions are all fixed with a snap-on convex portion 10 on the end side facing the screwing direction, and the axial side of the snap-on convex portion is provided with a snap-on concave portion 11; wherein the snap-on convex portion of the outer male ring and the snap-on concave portion of the outer female ring are screwed and interlocked with each other, and the snap-on concave portion of the outer male ring and the snap-on convex portion of the outer female ring are screwed and interlocked with each other, and this screwing and interlocking structure can effectively prevent blood leakage between the outer male ring and the outer female ring.

[0053] The mating end faces 12 of the snap-fitting protrusion and the snap-fitting recess are slightly larger than the connecting end faces of the outer male ring and the outer female ring, so that the snap-fitting protrusion and the snap-fitting recess can be slightly interlocked while ensuring that the connecting end faces between the outer male and female rings are always in contact with each other, ensuring that there is no axial shaking gap between the mating end faces of the snap-fitting protrusion and the snap-fitting recess, so as to avoid the connection end faces between the outer male and female rings that are in contact with each other from separating due to the existence of the shaking gap after the vascular anastomosis device is subjected to axial tension.

[0054] The concave and convex buckle is easy to use. After the male and female rings are aligned, rotate one side of the outer ring 6° to 10° to screw it together, fixing the position of the two ends of the blood vessel and shortening the overall anastomosis time.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the concave and convex buckles are both provided with wire holes 13 for interlocking and suturing with sutures. Sutures are passed through the wire holes between the male and female rings to further connect the male and female rings into one body through suturing. No complicated operation of the blood vessels is required during suturing, and the required operating space is small. Generally, only 8 to 10 mm of the two blood vessel ends need to be exposed as the operating space for suturing the male and female rings.

[0056] The use of sutures can not only ensure the reliable fixation of the vascular stapler, but also enable the vascular stapler to be removed at a later stage. The position of the guide wire hole is obvious, which is convenient for the suture to pass through.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present invention, the concave and convex buckles on the male and female rings are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the number of concave and convex buckles on the male and female rings is the same. Preferably, the number of concave and convex buckles on the male and female rings is four or six.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the outer peripheral side profile of the concave and convex buckles is a smooth arc without protrusions, and arc transition sections are provided at the connection with the outer male / female rings to avoid stress concentration, withstand higher axial tension, and have strong tensile resistance.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present invention, each corner of the vascular stapler is provided with an arc transition section to avoid unnecessary mechanical damage to the human body caused by excessive and sharp corners or protrusions.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, the stapler is made of polylactic acid material and the suture is a dissolvable suture. Polylactic acid can be absorbed by the human body, and when the blood vessels are healed, the suture can be absorbed by the human body, thereby avoiding the subsequent removal of the vascular stapler and reducing the pain of the patient.

[0061] The invention discloses an application of an outwardly convexly engaged large blood vessel stapler, which is applied in the anastomosis operation of the broken ends of large blood vessels.

[0062] A method for using an externally convex joint type large blood vessel anastomosis device comprises the following steps: S1: The outer mother ring passes through the blood vessel 14, ensuring that the blood vessel end has some excess blood vessels exposed in the axial direction relative to the outer mother ring, such as Fig.11 ; S2: The inner mother ring is inserted into the blood vessel so that the end surface of the inner ring is flush with the end surface of the outer ring, and the excess part of the blood vessel is trimmed. Fig.12 ; S3: repeat the above steps S1 and S2 at the other end of the blood vessel; S4: Align the two ends of the vascular stapler so that the connecting end faces of the inner male and female rings and the connecting end faces of the outer male and female rings are mutually mortise and tenoned, such as Fig.13 ; S5: Screw the outer male ring and the outer female ring together, and suture and fix them through the guide wire hole with suture thread, such as Fig.14 .

[0063] The present invention produces appropriate squeezing of the blood vessel through the cooperation of the inner ring and the outer ring, and generates an interaction force between the blood vessel and the inner and outer rings of the stapler, and fixes the relative positions of the inner and outer rings of the stapler and the blood vessel through the interaction force. At the same time, when the blood vessel is subjected to axial tension and is about to produce relative movement or has a tendency to relative movement, the interaction force provides friction between the blood vessel and the inner and outer rings of the stapler, and fixes the blood vessel when it is pulled.

[0064] The axial fixation between the two ends of the vascular anastomosis device is achieved by the matching concave and convex buckles; the mortise and tenon joints achieve radial fixation of the two ends of the anastomosis device; and the setting of the suture line keeps the anastomosis device fixed in the circumferential direction.

[0065] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the above disclosed technical content to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An externally convex joint type large blood vessel anastomosis device, characterized in that: It comprises an outer male ring, an inner male ring, an outer female ring and an inner female ring. The inner and outer male rings and the inner and outer female rings are coaxially nested with each other and the adjacent nested circumferential surfaces are conical surfaces. The connecting end surfaces of the inner male and female rings and the connecting end surfaces of the outer male and female rings are mortise and tenon-fitted with each other, and a lock is also provided between the outer male and female rings to connect and fasten the outer male and female rings into one.

2. The externally convexly engaged large blood vessel anastomosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner and outer male rings are both provided with annular protrusions on the connecting end faces, and the inner and outer female rings are both provided with annular recesses on the connecting end faces for engaging with the corresponding annular protrusions, so as to facilitate mortise and tenon engagement.

3. The externally convexly engaged large blood vessel anastomosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical surface of the inner male ring is the outer wall of the inner male ring, the conical surface of the outer male ring is the inner wall of the outer male ring, the conical surface of the inner female ring is the outer wall of the inner female ring, and the conical surface of the outer female ring is the inner wall of the outer female ring. The outer wall of the inner male ring and the inner wall of the outer male ring, as well as the outer wall of the inner female ring and the inner wall of the outer female ring are parallel to each other and the spacing is smaller than the thickness of the blood vessel wall. The conical surfaces of the outer male and female rings are symmetrical along the axial direction, and the conical surfaces of the inner male and female rings are symmetrical along the axial direction.

4. The externally convexly engaged large blood vessel anastomosis device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The included angles between the generatrix on the inner male ring outer wall, the inner female ring outer wall, the outer male ring inner wall and the outer female ring inner wall and the central axis of the anastomosis device are all 10° to 20°.

5. The externally convexly engaged large blood vessel anastomosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of the outer male ring and the outer female ring are formed between conical surfaces which are mutually symmetrical along the axial direction, and transition fillets are arranged at the joints between the conical surfaces and the other surfaces.

6. The externally convexly engaged large blood vessel anastomosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock adopts a concave-convex buckle which is screwed together between the outer male ring and the female ring along the circumferential direction.

7. The externally convexly engaged large blood vessel anastomosis device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The concave and convex buckles all include protrusions fixed on the circumference, and the protrusions are all provided with a snap-on convex portion on the end side facing the screwing direction, and the axial side of the snap-on convex portion is provided with a snap-on concave portion; wherein the snap-on convex portion of the outer male ring and the snap-on concave portion of the outer female ring are screwed together and embedded in each other, and the snap-on concave portion of the outer male ring and the snap-on convex portion of the outer female ring are screwed together and embedded in each other.

8. The externally convexly engaged large blood vessel anastomosis device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The concave and convex buckles are both provided with wire holes for screwing together and passing suture threads for suturing.

9. The externally convexly engaged large blood vessel anastomosis device according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are several concave and convex buckles evenly distributed along the circumference on the male and female rings, and the numbers of the concave and convex buckles on the male and female rings are the same.

10. An application of the externally convex joint type large blood vessel anastomosis device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The externally convex joint type large blood vessel anastomosis device is used in the anastomosis operation of the broken ends of large blood vessels.

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