Guiding and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy

Abstract

The invention provides a guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope, and the guiding and breathing system comprises a cover body which is used for covering the throat and forming a closed cover cavity which is communicated with the trachea when the cover body is used; the pipeline structure is fixedly connected with the mask body and comprises an endoscope pipeline and a ventilation pipeline, and the endoscope pipeline and the ventilation pipeline are mutually independent and are communicated with the mask cavity; and the drainage pipeline penetrates through the interior of the cover body but is not communicated with the cover cavity, so that the drainage pipeline is communicated with the esophagus through the drainage outlet in the cover body when in use. When the guiding and breathing system provided by the invention is used, secretions can be treated through the independent drainage pipeline when the secretions flow back by a patient in the endoscopy operation process, and under the endoscopy operation condition, the fiber bronchoscope only occupies a part of space in the laryngeal mask channel, so that the patient can inhale enough oxygen, and the patient can be prevented from entering the laryngeal mask channel. And the safety of a patient in the operation process of the fiber bronchoscope is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical devices, and specifically to a guiding and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Background Art

[0002] With the development of medical technology, fiberoptic bronchoscopy is becoming more and more common. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy usually uses fiberoptic light-guided technology to examine lesions of respiratory tracts such as the trachea and bronchi. When performing fiberoptic bronchoscopy, a laryngeal mask is often required to allow the fiberoptic bronchoscope to pass through the glottis in the larynx and then enter the trachea and bronchi.

[0003] However, the defect of this traditional method is that the fiberoptic bronchoscope enters the trachea through the laryngeal mask channel. Therefore, the laryngeal mask channel is used as both an operating channel for the fiberoptic bronchoscope and a breathing channel for oxygen delivery, and the endoscopist and anesthesiologist need to share the laryngeal mask channel.

[0004] However, in special circumstances, especially if laryngeal spasm or other complications occur and anesthesiologist intervention is required, the endoscopic operation will have to be suspended to ensure the patient's breathing. In addition, if the trachea or bronchi are stimulated and reflux secretions during the operation of the fiberoptic bronchoscope, the fiberoptic bronchoscope must be removed immediately before intervention. This delay can sometimes be fatal to the patient. Even under normal circumstances, since the fiberoptic bronchoscope occupies most of the space in the laryngeal mask channel, oxygen transfer will be hindered to a certain extent.

[0005] In view of this, how to overcome the above problems to a certain extent has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the present application provides a guiding and breathing system for a fiber bronchoscope. During the operation of inserting a fiber bronchoscope, when the trachea or bronchi are stimulated and reflux secretions, they can be handled through an independent drainage line. During the operation of inserting the fiber bronchoscope, the fiber bronchoscope will only occupy a part of the space in the guiding and breathing system channel, ensuring that the patient can inhale sufficient oxygen and protecting the patient's safety during the operation of inserting the fiber bronchoscope.

[0007] The present application provides a guiding and breathing system for a fiber bronchoscope, wherein the guiding and breathing system includes: a mask body, which is used to cover the throat and form a closed mask cavity that is connected to the trachea when in use; and a pipeline structure, which is fixedly connected to the mask body and includes: an endoscope pipeline and a ventilation pipeline, which are independent of each other and are connected to the mask cavity; a drainage pipeline, which is configured to pass through the interior of the mask body but not connected to the mask cavity, so as to be connected to the esophagus through the drainage outlet on the mask body when in use.

[0008] Preferably, the endoscope pipeline comprises: an endoscope inlet, wherein the endoscope inlet is configured to be close to the lip and exposed outside the lip in a use state, preferably, the distance between the endoscope inlet and the lip is 1 cm-5 cm; and an endoscope outlet, which is formed on the inner surface of the mask cavity,

[0009] Wherein, in a preferred case, the endoscope entrance is provided with an endoscope switch mechanism to open or close the endoscope entrance.

[0010] Preferably, the mask cavity of the mask body has a spatial structure that is symmetrical about the sagittal plane, and the endoscope outlet is arranged symmetrically about the sagittal plane.

[0011] Preferably, a lubricant is pre-installed in the endoscope pipeline; and / or

[0012] The endoscope pipeline is provided with a lubricant carrying portion for carrying lubricant in advance or for receiving and carrying lubricant applied to the lubricant carrying portion before use.

[0013] Preferably, the lubricant bearing portion is arranged at the endoscope inlet or on the inner wall adjacent to the endoscope inlet;

[0014] Preferably, the lubricant bearing portion is made of a flexible material capable of absorbing lubricant, such as cloth or sponge;

[0015] Preferably, the lubricant bearing portion is fixedly or detachably arranged at the endoscope inlet or on the inner wall adjacent to the endoscope inlet;

[0016] Preferably, the lubricant carrying portion has a through hole, the opening size of the through hole is comparable to the outer diameter of the fiber bronchoscope or the opening of the through hole is configured to allow the fiber bronchoscope to pass therethrough with friction.

[0017] Preferably, a valve device is provided in the endoscope pipeline, which allows the fiber bronchoscope to pass through and ensures the airtightness of the endoscope pipeline.

[0018] Preferably, the valve arrangement comprises a first valve adjacent to the endoscope inlet and / or a second valve adjacent to the endoscope outlet.

[0019] Preferably, the ventilation duct is formed with a ventilation outlet on the inner surface of the mask cavity, which is arranged adjacent to the endoscope outlet and is set to one side with respect to the sagittal plane; and / or the ventilation inlet of the ventilation duct is provided with a connecting structure that can be connected to a standard trachea.

[0020] Preferably, the drainage pipeline is formed with a drainage outlet at the end of the mask body, and the drainage outlet is communicated with the esophagus when in use;

[0021] Wherein, in a preferred case, the drainage pipeline has a drainage inlet at one end away from the cover body, and a drainage switch mechanism is provided at the drainage inlet for opening or closing the drainage inlet.

[0022] Preferably, the drainage circuit is completely independent of the endoscope circuit and the ventilation circuit; and

[0023] The endoscope circuit is completely independent of the ventilation circuit; or

[0024] The endoscope pipeline is partially independent of the ventilation pipeline, wherein at least the endoscope inlet of the endoscope pipeline and the ventilation inlet of the ventilation pipeline are independent of each other, and the endoscope pipeline and the ventilation pipeline converge into a common pipeline and lead to the mask cavity.

[0025] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the common pipeline is larger than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the endoscope pipeline and the ventilation pipeline.

[0026] Preferably, in the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope pipeline is arranged side by side with the ventilation pipeline and the drainage pipeline and the endoscope pipeline is located in the middle; or

[0027] In the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope pipeline, the ventilation pipeline and the drainage pipeline are arranged in a triangle.

[0028] Preferably, the cover body comprises: a cover designed to be dome-shaped to form the cover cavity; and a sealing ring arranged at the lower edge of the cover, the sealing ring being flexible and / or expandable.

[0029] According to the guide and breathing system for fiber bronchoscope provided by the present application, since the endoscope pipeline and the ventilation pipeline are independent of each other or partially independent of each other, the two do not affect each other. Therefore, by using the guide and breathing system in the technical solution of the present application, an oxygen-rich environment can be directly formed in the mask cavity, and the oxygen concentration is more beneficial to the trachea and bronchial system, which is beneficial to maintaining the patient's blood oxygen concentration. Moreover, if an anesthesiologist needs to intervene to deal with an emergency, the anesthesiologist and the endoscopist can operate independently without affecting each other; when there is reflux of secretions in the trachea or bronchi, it can be handled independently and immediately through a separate ventilation pipeline to avoid danger to the patient as much as possible. In the guidance and breathing system of the present application, the independent arrangement of the endoscope pipeline and the ventilation pipeline also allows the endoscope entrance of the endoscope pipeline to be constructed close to the lip, which is convenient for the operator to operate the endoscope to enter, and reduces the possibility of the endoscope being damaged due to bending of the pipeline being too long; in addition, the independent arrangement of the endoscope pipeline and the ventilation pipeline also allows a lubricant or a lubricant-bearing part to be pre-set in the endoscope pipeline, so that the operator does not need to apply a lubricant to the endoscope outside the system, reducing the risk of endoscope contamination.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and the schematic implementation modes and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a first specific implementation method;

[0033] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a second specific embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a cover body according to a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a third specific embodiment;

[0036] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a fourth specific embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a first specific implementation method;

[0038] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a fourth specific embodiment;

[0039] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first specific implementation of a pipeline structure;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a second specific implementation manner of the pipeline structure.

[0041] Figure numbers: 1-top cover; 2-sealing ring; 3-endoscopic pipeline; 31-endoscopic outlet; 311-second valve; 32-endoscopic inlet; 321-first valve; 33-lubricant bearing portion; 34-endoscopic switch mechanism; 35-through hole; 4-ventilation pipeline; 41-ventilation outlet; 42-ventilation inlet; 43-connecting structure; 5-drainage pipeline; 51-drainage outlet; 52-drainage inlet; 53-drainage switch mechanism; 6-inflating pipeline; 61-gas regulating valve; 7-common pipeline; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0043] The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with specific implementation methods.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 The first specific embodiment of the guiding and breathing system for a fiber bronchoscope is shown, wherein the guiding and breathing system comprises: a mask body, which is used to cover the throat and form a closed mask cavity communicating with the trachea when in use; and a pipeline structure, which is fixedly connected to the mask body and comprises: an endoscope pipeline 3 and a ventilation pipeline 4, which are independent of each other and communicate with the mask cavity; a drainage pipeline 5, which is configured to pass through the interior of the mask body but not communicate with the mask cavity, so as to communicate with the esophagus through the drainage outlet 51 on the mask body when in use.

[0045] In actual operation, when the guide and breathing system is placed in the patient's airway, a certain depth of anesthesia must be ensured, requiring the patient to reach unconsciousness, mandibular relaxation and disappearance of cough reflex, otherwise it may increase the difficulty of inserting the guide and breathing system and easily cause laryngeal spasm. The patient's respiratory secretions after anesthesia are more, and the secretions are particularly vigorous after general anesthesia and stimulation of bronchoscopy. The operator routinely prepares an aspirator to perform oral suction at any time during the examination. In this specific embodiment, the drainage pipeline 5 is directly arranged in the guide and breathing system, eliminating the unnecessary work of preparing an aspirator separately. The drainage outlet 51 is located at the front end of the front of the guide and breathing system, ensuring that when the sealing ring 2 is coupled with the internal airway, the drainage outlet 51 is facing the patient's esophagus. The gas passage in the drainage management 5 is independent of the air in the cavity and the air passages of the endoscope pipeline 3 and the ventilation pipeline 4, which well avoids the problem of food or liquid mistakenly entering the respiratory tract due to vomiting during the examination, causing complications such as aspiration pneumonia in the patient.

[0046] In the existing technology, painless bronchoscopy under intravenous anesthesia is performed, because the endoscopist and the anesthesiologist share the same airway, and most patients undergoing bronchoscopy have poor cardiopulmonary reserve function. In addition, intravenous anesthetics such as propofol and fentanyl have a suppressive effect on breathing, and the bronchoscope causes partial blockage in the airway, which often leads to a decrease in blood oxygen saturation.

[0047] To solve this problem, Figure 1 As shown, in the first specific embodiment of the present application, the air passage parts of the endoscope tube 3 and the ventilation tube 4 are independent of each other and communicate with the mask cavity; in order to make the tube structure of the guide and breathing system of the present application smoother when entering the oral cavity and airway, and to avoid the stimulation of the protruding parts of multiple tube walls on the inner wall of the airway, the endoscope tube 3 and the ventilation tube 4 in a certain length connected to the mask body can be combined into a common tube, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the common tube can be equal to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the endoscope tube 3 and the ventilation tube 4 or higher. In the remaining length, the endoscope tube 3 and the ventilation tube 4 are set as two independent tubes, that is, in addition to the endoscope tube 3 for inserting the fiber bronchoscope, a separate ventilation tube 4 is set, which effectively guarantees the patient's oxygen inhalation and reduces the probability of danger to the patient. After the fiber bronchoscope is inserted through the endoscope tube 3, the position occupied in the guide and breathing system will not affect the patient's ventilation.

[0048] like Figure 2As shown, in the second specific embodiment of the present application, the air passages of the endoscope tube 3 and the ventilation tube 4 outside the cover are completely independent of each other and communicate with the cover cavity; that is, in addition to the endoscope tube 3 for inserting the fiberoptic bronchoscope, a completely independent ventilation tube 4 is provided. After the fiberoptic bronchoscope is inserted through the endoscope tube 3, there is no effect on the ventilation volume of the independent ventilation tube 4, which more effectively ensures the patient's oxygen inhalation volume. Moreover, during the insertion operation of the fiberoptic bronchoscope, the fiberoptic bronchoscope tube can be pushed along the inner wall of the endoscope tube 3 throughout the entire process, which greatly reduces the difficulty of the insertion operation.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, in the third specific embodiment of the present application, in the guiding and breathing system for fiber bronchoscope, the endoscope tube 3 includes: an endoscope inlet 32, wherein the endoscope inlet 32 ​​is configured to be close to the lip and exposed outside the lip in the use state, that is, when the guiding and breathing system is placed in the use position coupled with the airway opening, the length of the endoscope tube 3 is set to be almost the entire length of the endoscope tube 3 is placed inside the oral cavity and airway, and only the endoscope outlet 32 ​​is exposed from the patient's oral cavity to the outside of the lip. This ensures that the operator's entry distance is the shortest distance, reduces the operation time of the entry operation, and greatly improves the success rate of the entry operation. Preferably, the distance between the outer end face of the endoscope inlet 32 ​​and the lip ranges from 1 cm to 5 cm; according to the different ages and genders of the patients, the length of the endoscope tube 3 can ensure that the distance between the outer end face of the endoscope inlet 32 ​​and the lip is between 1 cm and 5 cm, which is the most convenient length for the operator to operate.

[0050] Among them, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred case, the endoscope inlet 32 ​​is provided with an endoscope switch mechanism 34 to open or close the endoscope inlet 32. In the medical equipment operation requirements, there are special work specifications for the cleaning and disinfection of the fiberoptic bronchoscope, which are very strict. Before the start of daily diagnosis and treatment, the fiberoptic bronchoscope must be immersed in 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant for 20 minutes for disinfection, and then the mirror body and biopsy channel must be rinsed with sterile saline before it can be used for patient diagnosis and treatment. The entire set of fiberoptic bronchoscopes used by the operator during the operation is thoroughly disinfected and sterilized. Before the entire set of equipment is used, the endoscope inlet 32 ​​is closed using the endoscope switch mechanism 34, which can effectively protect the clean and sterile state of the inside of the endoscope pipeline 3.

[0051] The guiding and breathing system in the specific embodiment of the present application further includes an endoscope outlet 31, which is formed on the inner surface of the mask cavity. The mask cavity of the mask body has a spatial structure symmetrical about the sagittal plane, and the endoscope outlet 31 is symmetrically arranged about the sagittal plane.

[0052] The laryngeal mask is a ventilation tool between the endotracheal tube and the mask. With the continuous improvement and updating of the laryngeal mask and the change of people's concepts and habits on airway management, the laryngeal mask is becoming more and more widely used in clinical practice in my country as a simple and effective means of maintaining the airway. However, there are also events where the ventilation is good after the laryngeal mask is inserted, but the bronchoscope cannot find the glottis, and the examination is completed directly through the nose under intravenous anesthesia; or the laryngeal mask is displaced near the end of the examination, and the oxygen saturation decreases. It can be seen that the accurate positioning of the endoscope outlet 31 in the laryngeal mask is the key to ensuring smooth ventilation and bronchoscopic examination. After the laryngeal mask is inserted, the position of the endoscope outlet 31 must be centered so that the bronchoscope can smoothly enter the glottis, which requires high technical skills of the laryngeal mask inserter. When in use, the endoscope outlet 31 in the guide and breathing system of the technical solution of the present application is directly opposite to the airway opening of the internal airway, which facilitates the operator to accurately push the soft bronchoscope into the airway, provides great help to the operator's operation, and greatly improves the positioning accuracy of the bronchoscope insertion operation with the assistance of the guide and breathing system.

[0053] In the first and second specific embodiments of the guiding and breathing system for fiber bronchoscope of the present application, a lubricant bearing part 33 is provided at the end of the endoscope inlet 32 ​​of the endoscope pipeline 3, which is used to receive and carry the lubricant applied to the lubricant bearing part 33 before use. Specifically, a section of hose can be detachably mounted or screwed on the end of the endoscope inlet 32, and an inner wall lubricant bearing part 33 can be provided on the inner wall of the hose, so that the operator can conveniently connect the hose provided with the lubricant bearing part 33 to the endoscope pipeline 3 before use, and the detachable design facilitates the replacement of the contaminated lubricant bearing part 33. Alternatively, the lubricant bearing part 33 is directly fixedly provided on the inner surface of the endoscope inlet 32, which can be made of sponge or cloth, and a lubricant such as lubricating oil can be sprayed on the lubricant bearing part 33 before the endoscope insertion operation, or a lubricant can be applied to the lubricant bearing part 33 in advance to avoid the operator from spraying the lubricating oil again in the sterile environment of the operating room.

[0054] As another way of lubrication arrangement, as in the third specific embodiment, a lubricant is pre-arranged on the inner wall of the endoscope tube 3 , and the lubricant can be arranged throughout the entire length of the endoscope tube 3 or partially arranged.

[0055] A bend of nearly 90 degrees is formed between the oral cavity and the airway of the human body. In order to ensure that the guide and respiratory system can be smoothly placed into the airway from the patient's oral cavity, the pipeline structure is usually made of plastic with elasticity and a certain hardness. The surface roughness of plastic products is generally between Ra3.2-Ra6.3. The slightly rough and uneven surface can easily cause friction damage to the fiberoptic bronchoscope pipeline with high precision and smoothness requirements. Usually, the operator needs to lubricate the lower section of the fiberoptic bronchoscope with medical liquid paraffin oil for 5cm-10cm to facilitate the insertion of the scope. In the specific implementation of the present application, this operation step is omitted, and a lubricant can be provided on the inner wall of the endoscope pipeline 3 throughout the length, or a lubricant can be provided within a range of 5cm-10cm at one end of the endoscope pipeline 3 close to the endoscope entrance 32. The lubricant can be medical liquid paraffin oil. More preferably, a lubricant bearing portion 33 is fixedly provided on the inner surface of the inner wall of the endoscope inlet 32, and may be made of sponge or cloth. Lubricant is applied to the lubricant bearing portion 33 in advance to prevent the operator from spraying lubricant oil again in the sterile environment of the operating room.

[0056] In the first and second specific embodiments of the present application, a section of hose can be detachably mounted or screwed onto the end of the endoscope inlet 32, and an inner wall lubricant bearing portion 33 can be provided on the inner wall of the hose. The hose can be detachably mounted on the end of the operating pipeline. When the lubricant bearing portion 33 increases in size due to wear and cannot perform a good lubrication function, the lubricant bearing portion 33 can be directly replaced with a new one, thereby reducing the cost of use.

[0057] By setting various lubrication methods of the present application, it can be ensured that the outer wall of the fiberoptic bronchoscope pipeline can be adhered to the lubricant during the entry path, and the lubricant can effectively protect the fiberoptic bronchoscope pipeline and will not hinder the movement of the fiberoptic bronchoscope pipeline in the endoscope pipeline 3. Under the lubrication of the lubricant, the movement of the fiberoptic bronchoscope pipeline will be smoother and easier to operate.

[0058] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the lubricant carrying portion 33 has a through hole 35 , the opening size of the through hole 35 is comparable to the outer diameter of the fiber bronchoscope or the opening of the through hole 35 is configured to allow the fiber bronchoscope to pass through with friction.

[0059] That is, a through hole 35 having a diameter matching the outer diameter of the bronchoscope pipeline is provided on the lubricant bearing portion 33 at the endoscope inlet 32; or a through hole 35 having a diameter matching the outer diameter of the bronchoscope pipeline is provided on the lubricant bearing portion 33 provided on the inner wall of the endoscope pipeline 3.

[0060] Because bronchoscopy is an endoscopic examination and may cause trace internal bleeding in patients during the examination, there is a risk of infection for patients. Therefore, there are special work specifications for the cleaning and disinfection of bronchoscopy, which are very strict. Before the start of daily diagnosis and treatment, the bronchoscopy must be soaked in 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant for 20 minutes for disinfection, and then the mirror body and biopsy channel must be rinsed with sterile saline before it can be used for patient diagnosis and treatment. The entire set of bronchoscopy equipment used by the operator during the operation is thoroughly disinfected and sterilized.

[0061] In the specific implementation of the present application, the diameter of the through hole 35 matches the diameter of the fiber bronchoscope pipeline. When the fiber bronchoscope is pushed into the endoscope pipeline, the outer wall of the fiber bronchoscope pipeline will couple with the through hole 35, allowing the fiber bronchoscope to pass through with friction, thereby transferring the lubricant from the lubricant bearing portion 33 to the outer wall of the fiber bronchoscope, so that the insertion operation is smoother. The friction force should be controlled within a reasonable range, and the operator should not feel resistance during the insertion operation.

[0062] When the fiberoptic bronchoscope is pushed into the endoscope pipeline, the fiberoptic bronchoscope pipeline will be coupled with the through hole 35 to close the end of the endoscope inlet 32. During the insertion operation, there is no space in the endoscope pipeline for air circulation, which can effectively ensure that the fiberoptic bronchoscope is clean and not contaminated.

[0063] In a specific embodiment of the present application, a valve device is provided in the endoscope pipeline 3, which allows the fiber bronchoscope to pass through and ensures the air tightness of the endoscope pipeline 3. Preferably, the valve device includes a first valve 321 adjacent to the endoscope inlet 32 ​​and / or a second valve 311 adjacent to the endoscope outlet 31. This design well maintains the cleanliness and sterility of the fiber bronchoscope pipeline, avoids the fiber bronchoscope from being contaminated by bacteria and viruses in the external environment or air, and ensures the medical safety of the patient. Specifically, the first valve 321 is a one-way valve, which uses a ring-shaped hole soft membrane and an endoscope switch mechanism 34. The ring-shaped hole soft membrane is made of soft silicone, rubber, latex or other medical materials, and its ring-shaped hole diameter matches the outer wall of the fiber bronchoscope pipeline, or is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the commonly used fiber bronchoscope pipeline, so that the fiber bronchoscope can be easily inserted, but the resistance will not be too large. At the same time, the flexible material membrane at the edge of the ring hole can fully contact the outer wall of the fiber bronchoscope, and play a strong sealing effect. The inner diameter of the ring hole is set to 2mm-5mm for the best. According to the different diameters of bronchoscopes, the diameter of the annular hole of the annular hole membrane can be set to 5mm, which can provide sealing for bronchoscopes with diameters of 5.5mm-8mm; or the diameter of the annular hole of the annular hole membrane is set to 2.5mm, which can provide sealing for bronchoscopes with diameters of 3mm-6mm. In order to enhance the ventilation seal when inserting the operating tool, the annular hole soft membrane is set to a conical structure with the conical mouth away from the endoscope inlet 32. A matching endoscope switch mechanism 34 is set at the end of the first valve 321 adjacent to the endoscope inlet 32. When the endoscope is not inserted, in order to avoid contamination of the inside of the endoscope pipeline 3, the opening of the first valve 321 can be sealed.

[0064] The second valve 311 can use an annular hole soft membrane or a fish-mouth soft membrane at the same time. The function of the annular hole soft membrane is to play a sealing role when inserting tools into the throat cavity. The fish-mouth soft membrane is a linear opening on the side adjacent to the endoscope outlet 31. The membranes on both sides of the opening are triangular, with the top facing the cover cavity of the cover body. When the bronchoscope is not inserted, the membranes on both sides of the linear opening fit each other to close the linear opening, and the patient's exhaled gas cannot escape through the linear opening; when the bronchoscope pipeline is inserted, the linear opening of the fish-mouth soft membrane opens, and while the bronchoscope is being inserted, it can also effectively prevent the patient's exhaled gas from the lungs from contaminating the endoscope pipeline 3.

[0065] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the ventilation line 4 is formed with a ventilation outlet 41 on the inner surface of the mask cavity, and the ventilation outlet 41 is arranged adjacent to the endoscope outlet 31 and is arranged to one side with respect to the coronal plane; such an arrangement ensures that the endoscope outlet 31 can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the sagittal plane. The ventilation inlet 42 of the ventilation line 4 is provided with a connection structure 43 that can be connected to a standard trachea. Specifically, a connecting pipe connected to a standard trachea is provided at the end port of the ventilation line 4; the anesthesia machine or oxygen source required during the operation can be connected through the connecting pipe.

[0066] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the drainage pipeline 5 is formed with a drainage outlet 51 at the center of the topmost part of the mask body, and the drainage outlet 51 is communicated with the esophagus when in use;

[0067] The drainage pipeline 5 has a drainage inlet 52 at one end away from the cover body, and the drainage inlet 52 is provided with a drainage switch mechanism 53 for opening or closing the drainage inlet 52. When not in use, the drainage switch mechanism 53 is used to close the end of the drainage pipeline 5, which can effectively keep the pipeline clean.

[0068] In a specific embodiment of the present application, firstly, the drainage line 5 is completely independent of the endoscope line 3 and the ventilation line 4; to ensure that the air and / or secretions leave the internal airway through the drainage line 5, will not enter the endoscope line to contaminate the bronchoscope, and will not enter the ventilation line 4 to cause the patient to choke and cough.

[0069] The endoscope pipeline 3 and the ventilation pipeline 4 have two configuration forms, such as the first specific implementation, the endoscope pipeline 3 is partially independent of the ventilation pipeline 4, wherein at least the endoscope inlet 32 ​​of the endoscope pipeline 3 and the ventilation inlet 42 of the ventilation pipeline 4 are independent of each other, and the endoscope pipeline 3 is converged into a common pipeline relative to the ventilation pipeline 4 and leads to the mask cavity. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the common pipeline is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the endoscope pipeline and the ventilation pipeline. Such a design makes the ventilation volume of the guide and breathing system larger, increases the oxygen inhalation volume of the patient, and ensures that the patient's blood oxygen level during the endoscopic operation can always meet the surgical requirements.

[0070] Or Figure 2 , Figure 5 In the second and fourth specific embodiments shown, the endoscope pipeline 3 outside the mask is completely independent of the ventilation pipeline 4. The ventilation outlet 41 of the ventilation pipeline 4 on the mask cavity is offset to one side away from the endoscope outlet 31 of the endoscope pipeline 3 in the mask cavity. Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, in the fourth specific embodiment of the present application, the guide and breathing system also includes a folding sleeve, the length of which is approximately the length of the entrance part, so that the endoscope tube 3, the ventilation tube 4 and the drainage tube 5 inside the airway and the oral cavity are folded together, making it smaller and easier to operate the endoscope.

[0071] like Figure 8As shown, in the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope pipeline 3, the ventilation pipeline 4 and the drainage pipeline 5 can be arranged side by side, and the endoscope pipeline 3 is located in the middle position; looking down at the top cover 1, the middle position is set as the endoscope pipeline 3; the ventilation pipeline 4 and the suction guide tube 5 are respectively set on the left and right sides of the endoscope pipeline 3. Preferably, the drainage pipeline 5 is on the right side, and the ventilation pipeline 4 is on the left side. The drainage pipeline 5 is set on the right side, which is more convenient for the operator to suck the patient's vomit or secretions.

[0072] Or Fig. 9 As shown, in the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope pipeline 3, the ventilation pipeline 4 and the drainage pipeline 5 are arranged in a triangle and the endoscope pipeline 3 is located in the middle.

[0073] The mask body of the guide and breathing system of the present application comprises: a cover 1, which is designed to be dome-shaped to form a mask cavity; and a sealing ring 2, which is arranged at the lower edge of the cover 1, and the sealing ring 2 is flexible and / or expandable. In the technical concept of the present application, the sealing ring 2 can be made of rubber material as long as it is elastic and can match the shape of the valve position of the internal airway.

[0074] In the first, second and third specific embodiments, the sealing ring 2 is expandable, and the sealing ring 2 is in the shape of a double-sided arch with a hollow interior; the surface contour of the sealing ring 2 away from the top cover 1 matches the throat tissue structure.

[0075] The guiding and breathing system of the present application also includes an inflation pipeline 6, which is connected to the sealing ring 2 in a gas-communicating manner, and a gas regulating valve 61 is provided at the port at the end of the inflation pipeline 6; the sealing ring 2 is an air bag that can be inflated, released, and maintained. When the inflatable sealing ring is not inflated, it is easier for the operator to put the guiding and breathing system into place using his fingers.

[0076] In the technical solution of the present application, after the guide and breathing system is inserted, the endoscope tube 3 is directly opposite to the glottis of the internal airway, which facilitates the fiberoptic bronchoscope to smoothly enter the patient's airway, greatly improving the success rate of the insertion operation. The drainage outlet 51 of the drainage tube 5 is arranged at the front end middle position of the guide and breathing system, which can be directly opposite to the esophageal entrance, so as to facilitate the absorption of the patient's secretions to prevent the patient from inhaling dirt and causing infection. The guide and breathing system can introduce air into the patient's airway at any time through a separately arranged ventilation tube 3 to keep the patient breathing smoothly. The endoscope entrance 32 or the inner wall of the endoscope tube 3 has a lubricant bearing portion 33, and the operator does not need to perform additional lubrication steps during use. The guiding and breathing system also includes an endoscope switch mechanism 34 and a drainage switch mechanism 53, which are used to fully open or fully close the endoscope inlet 32 ​​and the drainage inlet 52 to ensure the cleanliness of the endoscope pipeline 3 and the drainage pipeline 5 when not in use; in the guiding and breathing system of the present application, the endoscope pipeline 3 is constructed to be as short as possible, shortening the length of the insertion operation and reducing the difficulty of the operation.

[0077] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above; however, the present application is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present application, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0078] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0079] In addition, the various implementation modes of the present application may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present application, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope, wherein: The guidance and breathing system includes: A mask body, which is used to cover the larynx and form a closed mask cavity communicating with the trachea when in use; and A pipeline structure, which is fixedly connected to the cover body and includes: An endoscope pipeline (3) and a ventilation pipeline (4), wherein the endoscope pipeline (3) and the ventilation pipeline (4) are independent of each other and communicate with the mask cavity; A drainage pipeline (5) is arranged to pass through the interior of the mask body but not communicate with the mask cavity, so as to communicate with the esophagus through a drainage outlet (51) on the mask body when in use.

2. The guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 1, wherein: The endoscope pipeline (3) comprises: An endoscope inlet (32), wherein the endoscope inlet (32) is configured to be adjacent to the lip and exposed outside the lip in a use state, preferably, the distance between the endoscope inlet (32) and the lip is 1 cm-5 cm; and an endoscope outlet (31), the endoscope outlet (31) being formed on the inner surface of the cover cavity, Preferably, the endoscope inlet (32) is provided with an endoscope switch mechanism (34) to open or close the endoscope inlet (32).

3. The guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 2, wherein: The mask cavity of the mask body has a spatial structure that is symmetrical about the sagittal plane, and the endoscope outlet (31) is arranged symmetrically about the sagittal plane.

4. The guiding and breathing system for a fiber bronchoscope according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: A lubricant is pre-installed in the endoscope pipeline (3); and / or The endoscope pipeline (3) is provided with a lubricant bearing portion (33) for bearing lubricant in advance or for receiving and bearing lubricant applied to the lubricant bearing portion (33) before use.

5. The guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 4, wherein: The lubricant bearing portion (33) is arranged at the endoscope inlet (32) or on an inner wall adjacent to the endoscope inlet (32); Preferably, the lubricant bearing portion (33) is made of a flexible material capable of absorbing lubricant, such as cloth or sponge; Preferably, the lubricant bearing portion (33) is fixedly or detachably arranged at the endoscope inlet (32) or on an inner wall adjacent to the endoscope inlet (32); Preferably, the lubricant bearing portion (33) has a through hole (35), the opening size of the through hole (35) is comparable to the outer diameter of the fiber bronchoscope or the opening of the through hole (35) is configured to allow the fiber bronchoscope to pass through with friction.

6. The guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 2, wherein: The endoscope pipeline (3) is provided with a valve device, which allows the fiber bronchoscope to pass through and ensures the airtightness of the endoscope pipeline (3). Preferably, the valve device comprises a first valve (321) adjacent to the endoscope inlet (32) and / or a second valve (311) adjacent to the endoscope outlet (31).

7. The guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 1, wherein: The ventilation pipeline (4) is formed with a ventilation outlet (41) on the inner surface of the mask cavity, and the ventilation outlet (41) is arranged adjacent to the endoscope outlet (31) and is arranged to one side with respect to the sagittal plane; and / or The ventilation inlet (42) of the ventilation pipeline (4) is provided with a connection structure (43) capable of communicating with a standard air pipe; The drainage pipeline (5) is formed with a drainage outlet (51) at the end of the cover body, and the drainage outlet (51) is communicated with the esophagus when in use; In a preferred embodiment, the drainage pipeline (5) has a drainage inlet (52) at one end away from the cover body, and a drainage switch mechanism (53) is provided at the drainage inlet (52) for opening or closing the drainage inlet (52).

8. The guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 1, wherein: The drainage pipeline (5) is completely independent of the endoscope pipeline (3) and the ventilation pipeline (4); and The endoscope tube (3) is completely independent of the ventilation tube (4); or The endoscope pipeline (3) is partially independent of the ventilation pipeline (4), wherein at least the endoscope inlet (32) of the endoscope pipeline (3) and the ventilation inlet (42) of the ventilation pipeline (4) are independent of each other, and the endoscope pipeline (3) and the ventilation pipeline (4) are then merged into a common pipeline and connected to the mask cavity.

9. The guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 1, wherein: In the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope pipeline (3) is arranged side by side with the ventilation pipeline (4) and the drainage pipeline (5) and the endoscope pipeline (3) is located in the middle; or In the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope pipeline (3) and the ventilation pipeline (4) and the drainage pipeline (5) are arranged in a triangle.

10. The guiding and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 1, wherein: The cover body comprises: A cover (1) which is designed to be dome-shaped to form the housing cavity; and A sealing ring (2) is arranged on the lower edge of the cover (1), and the sealing ring (2) is flexible and / or expandable.

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