Guidance and respiratory system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy

Abstract

The application provides a guide and breathing system for a bronchofibroscope, which comprises a cover body used for covering a throat and forming a closed cover cavity communicating with a trachea in use, and a pipeline structure fixedly connected with the cover body and comprising an endoscope pipeline and a ventilation pipeline which are independent of each other and communicate with the cover cavity, and a drainage pipeline arranged to pass through the inside of the cover body but not communicate with the cover cavity, so as to communicate with an esophagus through a drainage outlet on the cover body in use. When the guide and breathing system is used, the reflux of secretions of a patient during an endoscope operation can be disposed through the independent drainage pipeline, and the bronchofibroscope only occupies part of the space in the laryngeal mask channel in the case of the endoscope operation, so that the patient can inhale sufficient oxygen, and the safety of the patient during the operation of the bronchofibroscope is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical devices, specifically a guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of medical technology, fiberoptic bronchoscopy has become increasingly common. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy typically uses fiber optic technology to examine lesions in the trachea, bronchi, and other respiratory tracts. During the procedure, a laryngeal mask airway is often used to allow the bronchoscope to pass through the glottis in the larynx and then into the trachea and bronchi.

[0003] However, the drawback of this traditional method is that the fiberoptic bronchoscope is inserted into the trachea through the laryngeal mask airway. Therefore, the laryngeal mask airway must serve as both the operating channel for the fiberoptic bronchoscope and the breathing channel for oxygen delivery, and the endoscopist and anesthesiologist need to share this laryngeal mask airway.

[0004] However, in special circumstances, especially if laryngospasm or other complications require anesthesiologist intervention, the endoscopic procedure must be paused to ensure the patient's breathing. Additionally, if secretions reflux during fiberoptic bronchoscopy due to tracheal or bronchial irritation, the bronchoscope must be immediately withdrawn before further intervention; this delay can sometimes be fatal for the patient. Even under normal circumstances, the fiberoptic bronchoscope occupies a significant portion of the laryngeal mask airway, which can somewhat hinder oxygen delivery.

[0005] In view of this, how to overcome the above problems to a certain extent has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopes. During the procedure of fiberoptic bronchoscope insertion, if secretions reflux due to irritation of the trachea or bronchi, they can be managed through an independent drainage tube. Furthermore, during the insertion procedure, the fiberoptic bronchoscope only occupies a portion of the space within the guidance and breathing system channel, ensuring that the patient can inhale sufficient oxygen and protecting the patient's safety during the fiberoptic bronchoscope insertion procedure.

[0007] The present application provides a guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy, wherein the guidance and breathing system comprises: a mask body, which, in use, covers the larynx and forms a closed cavity communicating with the trachea; and a tubing structure, which is fixedly connected to the mask body and includes: an endoscope tubing and a ventilation tubing, which are independent of each other and communicate with the cavity; and a drainage tubing, which is configured to pass through the interior of the mask body but not communicate with the cavity, so as to communicate with the esophagus through a drainage outlet on the mask body in use.

[0008] Preferably, the endoscopic tubing includes: an endoscope inlet, wherein the endoscope inlet is configured to be adjacent to and exposed on the outer side of the lip in the use state, preferably, the distance between the endoscope inlet and the lip is 1cm-5cm; and an endoscope outlet, which is formed on the inner surface of the cavity.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the endoscope inlet is provided with an endoscope switch mechanism to open or close the endoscope inlet.

[0010] Preferably, the cavity of the cover has a spatial structure symmetrical about the sagittal plane, and the endoscope outlet is arranged symmetrically about the sagittal plane.

[0011] Preferably, a lubricant is pre-installed in the endoscope tubing; and / or

[0012] The endoscope tubing is provided with a lubricant carrier for pre-carrying lubricant or for receiving and carrying lubricant applied to the lubricant carrier before use.

[0013] Preferably, the lubricant carrier is disposed at or on the inner wall of the endoscope inlet or adjacent to the endoscope inlet;

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the lubricant carrier is made of a flexible material that can absorb lubricant, such as cloth or sponge;

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the lubricant carrier is fixedly or detachably disposed on the inner wall of the endoscope inlet or adjacent to the endoscope inlet;

[0016] Preferably, the lubricant carrier has a through hole whose opening size is equivalent to the outer diameter of the fiberoptic bronchoscope, or the opening of the through hole is configured to allow the fiberoptic bronchoscope to pass through frictionally.

[0017] Preferably, the endoscope tubing is equipped with a valve device that allows the fiberoptic bronchoscope to pass through while ensuring the airtightness of the endoscope tubing.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the valve device includes a first valve adjacent to the endoscope inlet and / or a second valve adjacent to the endoscope outlet.

[0019] Preferably, the ventilation tube has a ventilation outlet formed on the inner surface of the hood cavity, the ventilation outlet being arranged adjacent to the endoscope outlet and offset to one side with respect to the sagittal plane; and / or the ventilation inlet of the ventilation tube is provided with a connection structure that can communicate with a standard trachea.

[0020] Preferably, the drainage tube has a drainage outlet at the end of the cover, which is connected to the esophagus during use;

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the drainage pipe has a drainage inlet at the end away from the cover, and a drainage switch mechanism is provided at the drainage inlet for opening or closing the drainage inlet.

[0022] Preferably, the drainage tubing is completely independent of the endoscope tubing and the ventilation tubing; and

[0023] The endoscope tubing is completely independent of the ventilation tubing; or

[0024] The endoscope tubing is partially independent of the ventilation tubing, wherein at least the endoscope inlet of the endoscope tubing and the ventilation inlet of the ventilation tubing are independent of each other, and the endoscope tubing and the ventilation tubing converge into a common pipe leading to the ventilator cavity.

[0025] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the common conduit is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the endoscope conduit and the ventilation conduit.

[0026] Preferably, in the cross-sectional view of the tubing structure, the endoscope tubing is arranged side by side with the ventilation tubing and the drainage tubing, and the endoscope tubing is located in the middle; or

[0027] In the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope pipeline, the ventilation pipeline, and the drainage pipeline are arranged in a triangle.

[0028] Preferably, the cover includes: a dome-shaped cover to form the cover cavity; and a sealing ring disposed at the lower edge of the cover, the sealing ring being flexible and / or expandable.

[0029] According to the guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy provided in this application, since the endoscope tubing and the ventilation tubing are independent or partially independent of each other, they do not affect each other. Therefore, the guidance and breathing system in this application can directly create an oxygen-rich environment within the mask cavity, with an oxygen concentration more favorable to the trachea and bronchial system, thus helping to maintain the patient's blood oxygen concentration. Moreover, if an anesthesiologist needs to intervene to handle emergencies, the anesthesiologist and the endoscopist can operate independently without affecting their respective procedures; when there is reflux of secretions in the trachea or bronchi, it can be treated independently and immediately through a separate ventilation tubing to minimize the risk to the patient. In the guidance and breathing system of this application, the independent configuration of the endoscope tubing and the ventilation tubing also allows the endoscope inlet of the endoscope tubing to be constructed close to the lip, facilitating the operator's insertion of the endoscope and reducing the possibility of damage to the endoscope due to excessive tubing length. In addition, the independent configuration of the endoscope tubing and the ventilation tubing also allows for the pre-installation of lubricant or lubricant carrier in the endoscope tubing, so that the operator does not need to apply lubricant to the endoscope separately outside the system, reducing the risk of endoscope contamination.

[0030] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application, and the illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain this application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first specific embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second specific embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the cover body according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the third specific embodiment;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fourth specific embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first specific embodiment;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fourth specific embodiment;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first specific embodiment of the pipeline structure;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second specific embodiment of the pipeline structure.

[0041] Figure Numbers: 1-Top Cover; 2-Sealing Ring; 3-Endoscope Tubing; 31-Endoscope Outlet; 311-Second Valve; 32-Endoscope Inlet; 321-First Valve; 33-Lubricant Carrier; 34-Endoscope Switching Mechanism; 35-Through Hole; 4-Ventilation Tubing; 41-Ventilation Outlet; 42-Ventilation Inlet; 43-Connecting Structure; 5-Drainage Tubing; 51-Drainage Outlet; 52-Drainage Inlet; 53-Drainage Switching Mechanism; 6-Inflation Tubing; 61-Gas Regulating Valve; 7-Common Pipeline; Detailed Implementation

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0043] The technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 The first embodiment of the guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy shown includes: a mask body for covering the larynx and forming a closed cavity communicating with the trachea during use; and a tubing structure fixedly connected to the mask body and including: an endoscope tubing 3 and a ventilation tubing 4, which are independent of each other and communicate with the cavity; and a drainage tubing 5 configured to pass through the interior of the mask body but not communicate with the cavity, so as to communicate with the esophagus through a drainage outlet 51 on the mask body during use.

[0045] In practice, when inserting this guidance and breathing system into the patient's airway, it is crucial to ensure a sufficient depth of anesthesia, requiring the patient to be unconscious, with jaw relaxation and the cough reflex absent. Otherwise, insertion may become more difficult and could easily trigger laryngospasm. Anesthetized patients often have excessive respiratory secretions, which are particularly pronounced after general anesthesia and bronchoscopy. Operators routinely carry a suction device for intraoral suction during necessary examinations. In this specific embodiment, the drainage tube 5 is directly integrated into the guidance and breathing system, eliminating the need for a separate suction device. The drainage outlet 51 is located at the frontmost point of the guidance and breathing system, ensuring that when the sealing ring 2 is in coupled contact with the internal airway, the drainage outlet 51 faces the patient's esophagus. The gas passage within the drainage tube 5 is independent of the air passages within the cavity and the air passages of the endoscope tube 3 and ventilation tube 4, effectively preventing food or liquid from entering the airway during examination due to vomiting, which could lead to complications such as aspiration pneumonia.

[0046] Under current technology, painless bronchoscopy under intravenous anesthesia often results in decreased blood oxygen saturation because the endoscopist and anesthesiologist share an airway. In addition, most patients undergoing bronchoscopy have poor cardiopulmonary reserve, and intravenous anesthetics such as propofol and fentanyl have a respiratory depressant effect. Furthermore, the bronchoscopy causes partial obstruction in the airway.

[0047] To solve this problem, such as Figure 1 As shown, in the first embodiment of this application, the air passage portions of the endoscope tubing 3 and the ventilation tubing 4 are independent of each other and communicate with the mask cavity. To make the tubing structure of the guidance and breathing system of this application smoother when entering the oral cavity and airway, and to avoid irritation of the airway inner wall by multiple protruding parts of the tubing walls, the endoscope tubing 3 and the ventilation tubing 4 can be combined into a common tubing for a certain length connected to the mask body. The cross-sectional area of ​​this common tubing can be equal to or higher than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the endoscope tubing 3 and the ventilation tubing 4. For the remaining length, the endoscope tubing 3 and the ventilation tubing 4 are set as two independent tubings, that is, in addition to the endoscope tubing 3 for inserting the bronchoscope, a separate ventilation tubing 4 is provided, which effectively ensures the patient's oxygen intake and reduces the probability of the patient experiencing danger. After the bronchoscope is inserted through the endoscope tubing 3, its position in the guidance and breathing system will not affect the patient's ventilation.

[0048] like Figure 2As shown, in the second specific embodiment of this application, the air passages of the endoscope tubing 3 and the ventilation tubing 4 outside the mask are completely independent of each other and communicate with the mask cavity; that is, in addition to the endoscope tubing 3 for inserting the fiberoptic bronchoscope, a completely separate ventilation tubing 4 is provided. After the fiberoptic bronchoscope is inserted through the endoscope tubing 3, it has no effect on the ventilation volume of the separate ventilation tubing 4, which more effectively ensures the patient's oxygen intake. Furthermore, during the insertion of the fiberoptic bronchoscope, the fiberoptic tubing can be pushed along the inner wall of the endoscope tubing 3 throughout the entire process, greatly reducing the difficulty of the insertion operation.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, in the guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to the third embodiment of this application, the endoscope tubing 3 includes an endoscope inlet 32, wherein the endoscope inlet 32 ​​is configured to be close to the lips and exposed on the outer side of the lips in the use state. That is, when the guidance and breathing system is placed in the use position coupled to the airway opening, the length of the endoscope tubing 3 is set such that almost the entire length of the endoscope tubing 3 is placed inside the oral cavity and airway, with only the endoscope outlet 32 ​​protruding slightly from the patient's oral cavity outside the lips. This ensures that the surgeon's insertion distance is minimized, reducing the operation time of the endoscope insertion operation and greatly improving the success rate of the endoscope insertion operation. Preferably, the distance between the outer end face of the endoscope inlet 32 ​​and the lips is in the range of 1cm-5cm; depending on the patient's age and gender, the length of the endoscope tubing 3 can ensure that the distance between the outer end face of the endoscope inlet 32 ​​and the lips is between 1cm and 5cm, which is the length most convenient for the surgeon to operate.

[0050] Among them, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the endoscope inlet 32 ​​is equipped with an endoscope switching mechanism 34 to open or close the endoscope inlet 32. Medical device operation requirements stipulate strict and specific procedures for the cleaning and disinfection of bronchoscopes. Before each day's clinical work begins, the bronchoscope must be immersed in 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant for 20 minutes for disinfection, and then rinsed with sterile saline solution along with the biopsy channel before it can be used for patient treatment. The entire bronchoscope system used by the operator during procedures is thoroughly disinfected and sterilized. Closing the endoscope inlet 32 ​​using the endoscope switching mechanism 34 before using the entire system effectively protects the cleanliness and sterility of the internal endoscope tubing 3.

[0051] The guidance and breathing system in the specific embodiments of this application also includes an endoscope outlet 31, which is formed on the inner surface of the mask cavity. The mask cavity has a spatial structure symmetrical about the sagittal plane, and the endoscope outlet 31 is arranged symmetrically about the sagittal plane.

[0052] A laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is a ventilation tool that falls between an endotracheal tube and a face mask. With continuous improvements and updates to LMAs, and changes in people's concepts and habits regarding airway management, LMAs have become increasingly widely used in clinical practice in my country as a simple and effective means of maintaining the airway. However, there have been instances where ventilation is good after LMA insertion, but the bronchoscope cannot locate the glottis, requiring the examination to be completed directly via the nose under intravenous anesthesia; or where the LMA shifts near the end of the examination, leading to a drop in oxygen saturation. These incidents highlight that accurate positioning of the endoscope outlet 31 within the LMA is crucial for ensuring successful ventilation and bronchoscopy. The endoscope outlet 31 must be centered after LMA insertion for the bronchoscope to smoothly enter the glottis, which places high demands on the technician's skill. In use, the endoscope outlet 31 of the guide and breathing system of this application is aligned with the airway opening of the internal airway, which facilitates the operator in accurately pushing the flexible bronchoscope into the airway, greatly assisting the operator's operation and significantly improving the positioning accuracy of the bronchoscope placement operation under the assistance of this guide and breathing system.

[0053] In the first and second embodiments of the guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy in this application, a lubricant carrier 33 is provided at the end of the endoscope inlet 32 ​​of the endoscope tubing 3. This lubricant carrier 33 receives and carries the lubricant applied to it before use. Specifically, a flexible tube is detachably fitted or screwed onto the end of the endoscope inlet 32, and an inner wall lubricant carrier 33 can be provided on the inner wall of the flexible tube. This allows the surgeon to easily connect the flexible tube with the lubricant carrier 33 to the endoscope tubing 3 before use. The detachable design facilitates the replacement of contaminated lubricant carrier 33. Alternatively, the lubricant carrier 33 can be directly fixed to the inner surface of the endoscope inlet 32. It can be made of sponge or cloth. Lubricant, such as lubricating oil, can be sprayed onto the lubricant carrier 33 before the endoscope insertion operation, or lubricant can be pre-applied to the lubricant carrier 33 to avoid the surgeon re-spraying lubricating oil in the sterile environment of the operating room.

[0054] As another method of lubrication, such as in the third specific embodiment, a lubricant is pre-installed on the inner wall of the endoscope tube 3. The lubricant can be installed along the entire length of the endoscope tube 3 or partially installed.

[0055] The oral cavity and airway form a near 90-degree bend. To ensure the smooth insertion of the guidance and breathing system into the airway through the patient's mouth, the tubing structure is typically made of elastic plastic with a certain degree of hardness. The surface roughness of plastic products is generally between Ra3.2 and Ra6.3. Slightly rough surfaces can easily cause frictional damage to the fiberoptic bronchoscope tubing, which requires high precision and smoothness. Operators usually need to lubricate the lower 5cm-10cm section of the fiberoptic bronchoscope with medical liquid paraffin oil to facilitate insertion. However, in the specific embodiment of this application, this step is eliminated. Lubricant can be placed along the entire length of the inner wall of the endoscope tubing 3, or within a 5cm-10cm range near the endoscope inlet 32. The lubricant can be medical liquid paraffin oil. More preferably, a lubricant carrier 33 is fixedly provided on the inner surface of the inner wall of the endoscope inlet 32. It can be made of sponge or cloth. Lubricant is applied to the lubricant carrier 33 in advance to avoid the surgeon from spraying lubricant again in the sterile environment of the operating room.

[0056] In the first and second embodiments of this application, a section of tubing is detachably fitted or screwed onto the end of the endoscope inlet 32. An inner wall lubricant carrier 33 can be provided on the inner wall of the tubing. The tubing is detachably fitted onto the end of the operating pipeline. When the lubricant carrier 33 becomes enlarged due to wear and can no longer play a good lubricating role, a new lubricant carrier 33 can be directly replaced, reducing the cost of use.

[0057] The various lubrication methods employed in this application ensure that lubricant adheres to the outer wall of the bronchoscope tubing during insertion. This lubricant effectively protects the tubing and does not impede its movement within the endoscope tubing 3. Lubrication further facilitates smoother and easier operation of the bronchoscope tubing.

[0058] In a specific embodiment of this application, the lubricant carrier 33 has a through hole 35, the size of which is equivalent to the outer diameter of the fiberoptic bronchoscope, or the opening of which is configured to allow the fiberoptic bronchoscope to pass through with friction.

[0059] That is, a through hole 35 with a diameter matching the outer diameter of the bronchoscope tube is provided on the lubricant carrier 33 at the endoscope inlet 32; or a through hole 35 with a diameter matching the outer diameter of the bronchoscope tube is provided on the lubricant carrier 33 provided on the inner wall of the endoscope tube 3.

[0060] Because bronchoscopy is an endoscopic procedure, and the procedure may cause minor internal bleeding in patients, posing a risk of infection, there are specific and strict procedures for cleaning and disinfecting the bronchoscope. Before each day's treatment, the bronchoscope must be immersed in 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant for 20 minutes, and then rinsed with sterile saline solution, including the endoscope and biopsy channel, before it can be used for patient treatment. The entire bronchoscope used by the operator during the procedure is thoroughly sterilized and sterilized.

[0061] In a specific embodiment of this application, the diameter of the through-hole 35 matches the diameter of the bronchoscope's tubing. When the bronchoscope is pushed into the endoscope tubing, the outer wall of the bronchoscope tubing couples with the through-hole 35, allowing the bronchoscope to pass through with friction. This transfers lubricant from the lubricant carrier 33 to the outer wall of the bronchoscope, making the insertion procedure smoother. This friction should be controlled within a reasonable range so that the operator does not feel resistance during insertion.

[0062] Furthermore, when the bronchoscope is pushed into the endoscope tubing, the tubing couples with the through-hole 35, sealing the end of the endoscope inlet 32. During insertion, there is no space for air circulation within the endoscope tubing, effectively ensuring the bronchoscope remains clean and uncontaminated.

[0063] In a specific embodiment of this application, a valve device is provided in the endoscope tubing 3. This valve device allows the fiberoptic bronchoscope to pass through and ensures the airtightness of the endoscope tubing 3. Preferably, the valve device includes a first valve 321 adjacent to the endoscope inlet 32 ​​and / or a second valve 311 adjacent to the endoscope outlet 31. This design effectively maintains the cleanliness and sterility of the fiberoptic bronchoscope tubing, preventing contamination of the bronchoscope by bacteria and viruses from the external environment or air, thus ensuring patient safety. Specifically, the first valve 321 is a one-way valve, using an annular perforated diaphragm and an endoscope switching mechanism 34. The annular perforated diaphragm is made of soft silicone, rubber, latex, or other medical materials. Its annular perforation diameter matches the outer wall of the fiberoptic bronchoscope tubing or is slightly smaller than the commonly used outer diameter of fiberoptic bronchoscope tubing, allowing for easy insertion of the bronchoscope without excessive resistance. Simultaneously, the flexible material membrane at the edge of the annular perforation can fully contact the outer wall of the bronchoscope, providing a strong sealing effect. The inner diameter of the annular perforation is optimally set between 2mm and 5mm. Depending on the diameter of the bronchoscope, the diameter of the annular perforation membrane can be set to 5mm, providing a seal for bronchoscopes with diameters between 5.5mm and 8mm; or the diameter can be set to 2.5mm, providing a seal for bronchoscopes with diameters between 3mm and 6mm. To enhance ventilation and sealing during insertion of the instrument, the annular perforation membrane is best designed with a tapered opening away from the endoscope inlet 32. A matching endoscope switching mechanism 34 is installed at the end of the first valve 321 adjacent to the endoscope inlet 32. When no insertion is being performed, the opening of the first valve 321 can be sealed to prevent contamination of the endoscope tubing 3.

[0064] The second valve 311 can use an annular perforated diaphragm or a fish-mouth diaphragm in conjunction with it. The annular perforated diaphragm acts as a seal when inserting instruments into the pharyngeal cavity. The fish-mouth diaphragm has a linear opening on the side adjacent to the endoscope outlet 31, with triangular membranes on both sides of the opening, the tops facing the cavity of the bronchoscope. When no bronchoscope is inserted, the membranes on both sides of the linear opening adhere to each other, closing the linear opening and preventing the patient's exhaled air from escaping through it. When the bronchoscope tubing is inserted, the linear opening of the fish-mouth diaphragm opens, effectively preventing the patient's exhaled air from contaminating the endoscope tubing 3 during the bronchoscope insertion procedure.

[0065] In a specific embodiment of this application, the ventilation tube 4 has a ventilation outlet 41 formed on the inner surface of the mask cavity. This ventilation outlet 41 is arranged adjacent to the endoscope outlet 31 and is offset to one side about the coronal plane; this arrangement ensures that the endoscope outlet 31 is symmetrical about the sagittal plane. The ventilation inlet 42 of the ventilation tube 4 is provided with a connection structure 43 that can communicate with a standard trachea. Specifically, the end port of the ventilation tube 4 is provided with a connecting tube that communicates with a standard trachea; through the connecting tube, an anesthesia machine or oxygen source required during the operation can be connected.

[0066] In a specific embodiment of this application, the drainage tube 5 has a drainage outlet 51 at the top center of the cover, and the drainage outlet 51 is connected to the esophagus during use.

[0067] The drainage pipe 5 has a drainage inlet 52 at the end away from the cover. The drainage inlet 52 is equipped with a drainage switch mechanism 53 for opening or closing the drainage inlet 52. When not in use, the drainage switch mechanism 53 can be used to seal the end of the drainage pipe 5, which can effectively keep the pipe clean.

[0068] In the specific implementation of this application, the drainage tube 5 is completely independent of the endoscope tube 3 and the ventilation tube 4; this ensures that air and / or secretions leave the internal airway through the drainage tube 5, without entering the endoscope tube and contaminating the bronchoscope, or entering the ventilation tube 4 and causing the patient to cough.

[0069] The endoscope tubing 3 and ventilation tubing 4 have two configuration options. In the first embodiment, the endoscope tubing 3 is partially independent of the ventilation tubing 4. Specifically, at least the endoscope inlet 32 ​​of the endoscope tubing 3 and the ventilation inlet 42 of the ventilation tubing 4 are independent. The endoscope tubing 3 and the ventilation tubing 4 converge into a common conduit leading to the mask cavity. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the common conduit is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the endoscope tubing and the ventilation tubing. This design allows for a larger ventilation volume in the guidance and breathing system, increasing the patient's oxygen intake and ensuring that the patient's blood oxygen level consistently meets the surgical requirements during endoscopic procedures.

[0070] Or such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 In the second and fourth embodiments shown, the endoscope tubing 3 outside the mask is completely independent of the ventilation tubing 4. The ventilation outlet 41 of the ventilation tubing 4 on the mask cavity is offset to one side, avoiding the endoscope outlet 31 of the endoscope tubing 3 inside the mask cavity. For example... Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown in the fourth embodiment of this application, the guidance and breathing system further includes a retractable sleeve, the length of which is approximately the length of the inlet portion, so that the endoscope tube 3, ventilation tube 4 and drainage tube 5 inside the airway and oral cavity are retracted together, making them smaller and easier to insert into the endoscope.

[0071] like Figure 8As shown in the cross-sectional view of the tubing structure, the endoscope tubing 3, ventilation tubing 4, and drainage tubing 5 can be arranged side by side, with the endoscope tubing 3 located in the middle. Viewed from above the top cover 1, the endoscope tubing 3 is positioned in the middle. The ventilation tubing 4 and suction tube 5 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the endoscope tubing 3. Preferably, the drainage tube 5 is on the right side, and the ventilation tubing 4 is on the left side. Positioning the drainage tube 5 on the right side makes it easier for the operator to suction the patient's vomit or secretions.

[0072] Or such as Figure 9 As shown in the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope pipeline 3, the ventilation pipeline 4, and the drainage pipeline 5 are arranged in a triangle with the endoscope pipeline 3 located in the middle.

[0073] The mask of the guidance and breathing system of this application includes: a cover 1, which is designed in a dome shape to form a mask cavity; and a sealing ring 2, which is disposed at the lower edge of the cover 1, and the sealing ring 2 is flexible and / or expandable. In the technical concept of this application, the sealing ring 2 only needs to be elastic and can conform to the shape of the valve position of the internal airway, and can be made of rubber-like material.

[0074] In the first, second, and third embodiments, the sealing ring 2 is expandable, and the sealing ring 2 has a double-arched shape and a hollow interior; the surface contour of the sealing ring 2 on the side away from the top cover 1 is matched with the pharyngeal tissue structure.

[0075] The guidance and breathing system of this application also includes an inflation tube 6, which is connected to the sealing ring 2 in a gas-conducting manner. A gas regulating valve 61 is provided at the end of the inflation tube 6. The sealing ring 2 is an inflatable, deflated, and gas-holding bladder. The inflatable sealing ring makes it easier for the surgeon to insert the guidance and breathing system into place using their fingers when it is not inflated.

[0076] In the technical solution of this application, after the guidance and breathing system is inserted, the endoscope tubing 3 is directly opposite the glottis of the internal airway, facilitating the smooth entry of the bronchoscope into the patient's airway and greatly improving the success rate of the endoscopic procedure. The drainage outlet 51 of the drainage tubing 5 is located at the very front middle position of the guidance and breathing system, directly opposite the esophageal inlet, facilitating the suction of patient secretions and preventing the patient from inhaling contaminated material and causing infection. This guidance and breathing system can introduce air into the patient's airway at any time through a separately provided ventilation tubing 3 to maintain smooth breathing. The endoscope inlet 32 ​​or the inner wall of the endoscope tubing 3 has a lubricant support part 33, eliminating the need for the operator to perform additional lubrication steps during use. The guidance and breathing system also includes an endoscope switch mechanism 34 and a drainage switch mechanism 53, which are used to fully open or fully close the endoscope inlet 32 ​​and the drainage inlet 52 to ensure the cleanliness and hygiene of the endoscope tubing 3 and the drainage tubing 5 when not in use. In the guidance and breathing system of this application, the endoscope tubing 3 is constructed to be as short as possible, which shortens the length of the insertion operation and reduces the difficulty of operation.

[0077] The preferred embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. However, this application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of this application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0078] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0079] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this application can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this application, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy, characterized in that, The guidance and breathing system includes: A mask, used in practice to cover the throat and form a closed cavity that communicates with the trachea; and A piping structure, which is fixedly connected to the cover and includes: Endoscopic tubing (3) and ventilation tubing (4), which are independent of each other and communicate with the mask cavity; The drainage tube (5) is configured to pass through the inside of the cover but not communicate with the cover cavity, so that it communicates with the esophagus through the drainage outlet (51) on the cover when in use.

2. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The endoscope tubing (3) includes: Endoscope inlet (32), wherein the endoscope inlet (32) is configured to be adjacent to the lip and exposed on the outer side of the lip in the use state; and Endoscope outlet (31) is formed on the inner surface of the cavity.

3. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 2, characterized in that, The endoscope inlet (32) is provided with an endoscope switch mechanism (34) to open or close the endoscope inlet (32).

4. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cavity of the cover has a spatial structure that is symmetrical about the sagittal plane, and the endoscope outlet (31) is arranged symmetrically about the sagittal plane.

5. The guidance and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, A lubricant is pre-installed in the endoscope tubing (3); and / or The endoscope tubing (3) is provided with a lubricant carrier (33) for pre-carrying lubricant or for receiving and carrying lubricant applied to the lubricant carrier (33) before use.

6. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lubricant carrier (33) is disposed at the endoscope inlet (32) of the endoscope tubing (3) or on the inner wall of the endoscope inlet (32) adjacent to the endoscope tubing (3).

7. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lubricant carrier (33) is made of a flexible material that can absorb lubricant, such as cloth or sponge.

8. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lubricant carrier (33) is fixedly or detachably disposed at the endoscope inlet (32) of the endoscope tubing (3) or on the inner wall adjacent to the endoscope inlet (32) of the endoscope tubing (3).

9. The guidance and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lubricant carrier (33) has a through hole (35) whose opening size is equivalent to the outer diameter of the fiberoptic bronchoscope or whose opening is configured to allow the fiberoptic bronchoscope to pass through frictionally.

10. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The endoscope tubing (3) is equipped with a valve device that allows the fiberoptic bronchoscope to pass through and ensures the airtightness of the endoscope tubing (3).

11. The guidance and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 10, characterized in that, The valve device includes a first valve (321) adjacent to the endoscope inlet (32) and / or a second valve (311) adjacent to the endoscope outlet (31).

12. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation tube (4) has a ventilation outlet (41) formed on the inner surface of the hood cavity. The ventilation outlet (41) is arranged adjacent to the endoscope outlet (31) of the endoscope tube (3) and is offset to one side about the sagittal plane; and / or The ventilation inlet (42) of the ventilation pipeline (4) is provided with a connection structure (43) that can be connected to a standard air pipe. The drainage tube (5) has a drainage outlet (51) at the end of the cover, which is connected to the esophagus during use.

13. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage pipe (5) has a drainage inlet (52) at one end away from the cover, and a drainage switch mechanism (53) is provided at the drainage inlet (52) for opening or closing the drainage inlet (52).

14. The guidance and breathing system for fiberoptic bronchoscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage tube (5) is completely independent of the endoscope tube (3) and the ventilation tube (4); and The endoscope tubing (3) is completely independent of the ventilation tubing (4); or The endoscope tubing (3) is partially independent of the ventilation tubing (4), wherein at least the endoscope inlet (32) of the endoscope tubing (3) and the ventilation inlet (42) of the ventilation tubing (4) are independent of each other, and the endoscope tubing (3) and the ventilation tubing (4) subsequently converge into a common conduit leading to the ventilator cavity.

15. The guidance and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope tube (3) is arranged side by side with the ventilation tube (4) and the drainage tube (5), and the endoscope tube (3) is located in the middle; or In the cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure, the endoscope pipeline (3) is arranged in a triangle with the ventilation pipeline (4) and the drainage pipeline (5).

16. The guidance and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover includes: Cover (1), which is designed in a dome shape to form the cavity; and A sealing ring (2) is disposed at the lower edge of the cover (1), and the sealing ring (2) is flexible and / or expandable.

17. The guidance and breathing system for a fiberoptic bronchoscope according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the endoscope inlet (32) and the lip is 1cm-5cm.

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