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A wireless communications network topology and its implementation enable the wireless network implementing the topology to be sufficiently robust to avoid or mitigate the consequences of various node failures. The inventive network topology includes a triangular ring mesh, preferably constituting a flower topology in its entirety. For each node in a given layer of stations, at least two links are provided, one to each of two selected nodes in an adjacent layer of stations.

In a communications system, a transmitter transmits message data included in communications packets to a receiver. A data region of the communications packet includes an original data region D[n], an authentication data region P[n], and a control region C. The original data region D[n] includes data as a transmission object that is the message data itself or one of the data portions into which the message data is divided so that each of the data portions can be contained in a single packet. The authentication data region P[n] includes authentication information used for substitution detection of the data included in the original data region D[n]. The control region C includes control information. This structure enables the substitution detection to be performed with respect to the respective communications packets into which the message data is divided, resulting in decrease in the substitution detection period.

A camera calibration device capable of simply calibrating a stereo system consisting of a base camera and a detection camera. First, distortion parameters of the two cameras necessary for distance measurement are presumed by the use of images obtained by shooting a patterned object plane with the base camera and the reference camera at three or more view points free from any spatial positional restriction, and projective transformation matrixes for projecting the images respectively onto predetermined virtual planes are calculated. Then internal parameters of the base camera are calculated on the basis of the projective transformation matrixes relative to the images obtained from the base camera. Subsequently the position of the shot plane is presumed on the basis of the internal parameter of the base camera and the images obtained therefrom, whereby projection matrixes for the detection camera are calculated on the basis of the plane position parameters and the images obtained from the detection camera. According to this device, simplified calibration can be achieved stably without the necessity of any exclusive appliance.

A prosthesis for transluminal implantation consists of a flexible tubular three-dimensionally braided structure of metal or polymeric monofilaments, and polymeric multifilament yarns. The prosthesis can be elastically deformed to reduce its diameter through axial elongation. The monofilaments and multifilament yarns are arranged in axially spaced apart helices, concentric on a common central axis of the prosthesis. The monofilaments are selectively shaped before their interbraiding with the multifilament yarns, either by an age-hardening or other heat-setting stage, or a cold-working stage that controllably plastically deforms the strands. The shaped structural strands cooperate to impart to the prosthesis its nominal shape and resilience. The textile strands cooperate to provide one or more layers of sheeting that reduce permeability and thereby enhance the utility of the prosthesis as a vascular graft. An alternative embodiment prosthesis includes elastically and plastically deformable structural strands, selectively plastically deformed by cold working, then three-dimensionally braided to form the prosthesis.

An RF position tracking system for wirelessly tracking the three dimensional position of a device that transmits a radio signal. The device has an antenna and at least one inertial sensor. The system uses a plurality of receiver antennas to receive the device's radio signal at each antenna. The device also incorporates an inertial sensor to improve position stability by allowing the system to compare position data from radio signals to data provided by the inertial sensor.

Apparatus and methods are disclosed by which a closed ventilating system accommodates multiple access to the respiratory system of an intubated medical patient without compromising the closed character of the system. Access to the respiratory system through one or more access sites of the closed system apparatus is provided at proximal adapter ports to ventilate the lungs of the patient with gas or gases, to aspirate secretions from the lungs, to oxygenate the lungs to eliminate or reduce residual co2 therefrom, to visually inspect selected parts of the respiratory system, to sample sputum and gases, to sense parameters such as flow rates, pressure, and temperature, to flush with washing solution, and/or to administer medication, gases, and/or lavage. A distal swivel fitting provides multiple sealing sites by which entry of atmosphere is prevented.

A cutting and dust collecting assembly comprises a rotatable, circular saw blade (4) having a first side (20), a second side (21), and a cover device (6) with a terminal member (52). The bottom surface (36) of the cover device extends in a plane. A longitudinal passage (45, 46) for the saw blade extends through the cover device from its top surface to its bottom surface. The terminal member comprises a terminal chamber (60) having an inlet (45a), the mouth of which coincides with the plane of said bottom surface. An outlet (58) can be connected to a vacuum source. The direction of rotation of the operating blade is such that the rear part (4a) of the saw blade which has passed beyond the bottom surface of the cover device will move in a direction upwards-rearwards towards the bottom surface. The invention also concerns the cover device, a sealing body belonging to the cover device and a working machine which is provided with the cutting and dust collecting assembly.

The present invention relates to a method for localizing a sound source, in particular, a human speaker, comprising detecting sound generated by the sound source by means of a microphone array comprising more than two microphones and obtaining microphone signals, one for each of the microphones, selecting from the microphone signals a pair of microphone signals for a predetermined frequency range based on the distance of the microphones to each other and estimating the angle of the incidence of the sound on the microphone array based on the selected pair of microphone signals.

The invention discloses a high-efficiency graphene/silver phosphate composite visible light photocatalyst and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite materials and environmental management photocatalysis. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving graphene oxide in water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a graphene oxide dispersed liquid; dissolving silver nitrate in deionized water, gradually and dropwisely adding into the graphene oxide dispersed liquid while stirring to obtain a mixed solution, uniformly stirring, and aging; dropwisely adding a prepared disodium hydrogen phosphate or sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution into the graphene oxide-silver nitrate mixed solution, continuing stirring, transferring into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, and cooling to room temperature; and washing the reaction product, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the visible light photocatalyst. The invention has the advantages of wide material sources and simple preparation process; and the obtained composite material has the advantages of controllable structure and regular pattern, and has high-efficiency degradation effect on organic dyes rhodamine B and methylene blue with certain concentration under the visible light irradiation.

A computer implemented method to estimate a respondent's or a set of respondents' rank order with respect to a number of attribute options (i.e. alternative prices, features, benefits, ways of expressing benefits, brand names, slogans, logos, graphic treatments such as package design elements and any other stimuli that the researcher believes may influence the individual's opinion such as a statement, graphic or brief audio). The method can be used when the number of stimuli to be presented exceeds the number that can be presented at one time to a respondent, most typically, exceeding the number that can be legibly displayed on one computer screen for rank ordering by a respondent. The estimated rank order is highly accurate, especially for the highest ranked stimuli, but requires only a small fraction of the respondent input that would be needed to capture a complete rank order from that respondent. This abstract is provided as an aid for finding relevant disclosures and not as a limitation on the scope of the claims.

Described herein are an apparatus and methods for automating subtasks in surgery and interventional medical procedures. The apparatus consists of a robotic positioning platform, an operating system with automation programs, and end-effector tools to carry out a task under supervised autonomy. The operating system executes an automation program, based on one or a fusion of two or more imaging modalities, guides real-time tracking of mobile and deformable targets in unstructured environment while the end-effector tools execute surgical interventional subtasks that require precision, accuracy, maneuverability and repetition. The apparatus and methods make these medical procedures more efficient and effective allowing a wider access and more standardized outcomes and improved safety.

User's operations for a player can be easily restricted. A restriction mode that restricts user's operations that control the player that reproduces contents are preset. A value that represents a restriction mode for each play list is recorded as attribute information on a disc. When the player reproduces contents from the disc, the player creates a table corresponding to a restriction mode for each play list. The player references the table and filters control commands corresponding to user's operations that control the reproduction of contents using a command filter. Restriction modes includes a mode causing the player to reproduce a play list from beginning at predetermined speed for example 1× speed and a mode prohibiting the player from jumping while it is reproducing a play list. The load of the content creator side that verifies restrictions against user's operations decreases. The load of the player side that verifies operations decreases.

The disclosed drive system and fixture mount self limit the torque that can be applied to an implant during implantation to a value that is nondamaging to the implant. System components include releasably engaging elements. In certain embodiments, elements deform, elastically or permanently, to limit the applied torque. The fixture mount serves as an impression post and abutment for a temporary prosthesis and is subject to chair side modifications by the surgeon. Methods of shaping the fixture mount for use as an abutment and making a dental restoration using the shaped abutment are disclosed.

An intelligent payment card and a method for performing a financial transaction using the payment card are disclosed. The payment card includes inter-alia a biometric sensor, an input module, and a display screen. The payment card is activated when a primary user successfully authenticates himself by the way of providing valid finger print(s) to the biometric sensor of the payment card. The payment card is removably embedded with criteria that dictate at least a maximum transaction amount, maximum number of transactions to be performed on the card and maximum threshold time for completing a transaction. The payment card also includes a processor unit which compares the authorization code input by the user with a unique identification number stored within the payment card, and upon successful authentication enables the user to perform desired financial transaction and also ensures that the removably embedded criteria are not violated during the financial transaction.

Provided is a terminal apparatus including a display unit displaying an execution screen of a shared application, reflecting on a display operations performed by multiple users as operations performed on one application, where the shared application includes a function for displaying an identification object that associates each of the users with an operation result, displayed on the execution screen, reflecting the operation performed by each of the users, a function for setting, when a first user selects an identification object related to a second user and specifies a region on the screen, the specified region as a shared region that is shared by the first and second users, and a function for controlling, when the first or second user performs operation in the shared region, such that the displayed operation result reflecting the operation is not shown to users other than the first and second users.

A power supply device is provided that includes a battery pack 10, and forcedly discharging circuits 20. The battery pack 10 includes serially-connected rechargeable battery cells 2. The forcedly discharging circuits 20 are connected to the battery cells 2 in parallel so that, when a cell voltage of a battery cell is becomes higher than a predetermined voltage, this battery cell is forcedly discharged. The forcedly discharging circuits 20 are composed of analog circuits. When a cell voltage of a battery cell exceeds the predetermined voltage, one of the forcedly discharging circuits 20 corresponding to this battery cell forcedly discharges this battery cell. Since forcedly discharging circuit 20 is not composed of controlling software but is physically composed of an analog circuit, the forcedly discharging circuit can stably operate without malfunction caused by noise. A power supply device can be provided that includes a protection circuit with improved reliability.

Systems, methods and devices for using ephemeris data in GNSS receivers and systems are provided. Receivers using synthetic ephemeris data for longer ephemeris availability under poor reception conditions are updated using a variety of techniques that allow for the transfer of accurate information onto degraded synthetic ephemeris information.

A system and method for extracting hydrocarbon products from oil shale using nuclear energy sources for energy to fracture the oil shale formations and provide sufficient heat and pressure to produce liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon products. Embodiments of the present invention also disclose steps for extracting the hydrocarbon products from the oil shale formations.

A method of reducing restriction in a borehole that is configured for a multizone fracturing operation wherein the borehole has a plurality of plug reception assemblies and each of the plurality of plug reception assemblies includes at least one component configured to disintegrate upon exposure to a selected condition. The method includes exposing the at least one component to a disintegrating environment and facilitating restriction reduction.

A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals using a codebook which maps each codeword to at least two different antennas is provided for a MIMO system. A transmission method includes mapping multiple codewords to multiple layers; mapping the multiple layers to multiple antennas using a precoding matrix selected from a rank-3 codebook which is designed to map the codewords to different antennas; and transmitting the codewords through paths formed by mapping the layers and the antennas. The precoding matrix of the rank-3 codebook is designed to equalize transmit power ratios between the antennas. The communication method and apparatus is advantageous to solve the problem of transmit power imbalance among the layers and the problem of performance degradation at the high SNR region in the conventional system using the rank-3 precoding matrices.

The invention relates to a method for controlling the roaming user accessed into network, wherein server network of user device transmits the local mobile nation number or the network data which can obtain local mobile nation number to the user attached network; user network based on said number obtains relative network select information with priority information, to be transmitted to the server network; the server network transmits the network select information to the user device; user device selects the accessed network. The invention also discloses a communication system.

A driving assist device 1 includes: an information acquisition unit 20 that detects a driving operation of a driver for the vehicle; a driving skill evaluation unit 24 that evaluates a driving skill of the driver on the basis of a history of the driving operation of the driver; and a driving assist control unit 28 that performs the driving assist control for the vehicle on the basis of the traveling state of the vehicle and the target traveling state. When the information acquisition unit 20 detects the driving operation of the driver during the driving assist control, the driving assist control unit 28 limits the amount of driving assist control for the vehicle according to the driving skill of the driver evaluated and reflects the driving operation amount of the driver in traveling control for the vehicle.

A method of maintaining as well as restoring the condition of weathered asphalt shingles and strips which are applied to flat roofs, pitched roofs, or vertical walls. The process involves applying resaturant neat or as a water emulsion. Suitable resaturants include fatty acid methyl esters, petroleum distillates, and water emulsions thereof. The process restores the suppleness and softness of the weathered shingles or strip and adds about three years to the lifetime of the roof. The process may be repeated for additional lifetime extension.