Power supply circuit, sensor power supply unit, electronic controller unit and sensing system

Abstract

The invention provides a power supply circuit, a sensor power supply unit, an electronic controller unit and a sensing system.The power supply circuit is applied to the technical field of vehicle electronic controllers, the power supply circuit comprises a first voltage stabilizer, a second voltage stabilizer, an electronic switch and a processor, the second voltage stabilizer forms working voltage required by the processor, the electronic switch is controlled by the processor to turn off or turn on a channel for external power supply, and the processor judges whether a short-circuit fault exists in external power supply or not and judges the type of the short-circuit fault according to feedback voltage. The power supply circuit formed by the two voltage stabilizers, the electronic switch, the processor and other universal devices has the functions of power supply and short-circuit protection, and also has the function of short-circuit fault detection, so that an alternative scheme can be provided for imported integrated devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle electronic controllers, and in particular to a power supply circuit, a sensor power supply unit, an electronic controller unit and a sensor system. Background Art

[0002] In electronic control units such as ECU (Electronic Control Unit, also known as the "on-board computer" of a car), it is often necessary to power external circuits (such as sensors). For example, the power supply voltage requirement is generally 5V, and the current requirement is 70-100mA per channel.

[0003] Since the ECU supplies power to external sensors through external wiring harnesses, and these wiring harnesses may cause short circuit faults in the power supply lines in actual use, it is necessary to consider short circuit protection of the 5V power supply output in the ECU to ensure that the hardware circuits in the ECU are not damaged in the event of a short circuit fault.

[0004] In the existing solutions, short-circuit protection of external sensor power supply in ECU is implemented by using imported integrated circuit devices, which are usually called trackers, such as TLE4254 provided by Infineon Technologies and BD42540FJ-C provided by Rohm.

[0005] However, this type of imported integrated circuit device can only provide short-circuit protection when a short circuit occurs. The ECU cannot correctly diagnose the type of fault, making it inconvenient to repair the fault. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the embodiments of this specification provide a power supply circuit, a sensor power supply unit, an electronic controller unit and a sensor system. By using commonly used devices to realize functions that can only be realized by dedicated integrated circuits, it can replace the imported integrated circuit device Tracker and solve the problem of chip replacement. It can also detect the type of short-circuit fault, which is convenient for maintenance after the fault occurs.

[0007] The embodiments of this specification provide the following technical solutions:

[0008] The embodiment of the present specification provides a power supply circuit, including: an input port, an output port, a first voltage regulator, a second voltage regulator, an electronic switch and a processor;

[0009] The input port is used to input a power supply voltage;

[0010] The first voltage stabilizer is used to stabilize the power supply voltage to form a first voltage;

[0011] The second voltage regulator is used to stabilize the power supply voltage to form a second voltage, and the second voltage is used as a voltage for providing power to the processor;

[0012] The electronic switch is used to be in a circuit state or a circuit breaker state under the control of the processor;

[0013] The output port is used to provide a power supply voltage to the outside and a feedback voltage to the processor;

[0014] The processor is used to determine whether the supply voltage has a short-circuit fault and the corresponding short-circuit fault type according to the feedback voltage, and control the electronic switch to enter an open circuit state when it is determined that a short-circuit fault exists, and control the electronic switch to enter a closed circuit state when it is determined that no short-circuit fault exists;

[0015] The on state of the electronic switch is used to open an external power supply path, and the off state of the electronic switch is used to shut down the external power supply path, wherein the external power supply path is a path for the first voltage to supply power to the outside via the electronic switch and the output port in sequence.

[0016] Preferably, the power supply circuit further comprises an indication unit, and the indication unit is used to provide a corresponding status indication of the short-circuit fault type output by the processor.

[0017] Preferably, the processor is a processor including a comparator circuit, wherein the comparator forms a comparison output result under the action of the feedback voltage, and the comparison output result is used to characterize whether there is a short-circuit fault in the power supply voltage and the corresponding short-circuit fault type.

[0018] Preferably, the comparator circuit comprises a window comparator, and the window comparator is used to output a comparison output result corresponding to the feedback voltage to reflect the short-circuit fault type.

[0019] Preferably, the processor is a processor including an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, wherein the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used to convert the feedback voltage into a corresponding digital quantity, and the numerical value of the digital quantity is used to characterize whether there is a short-circuit fault in the power supply voltage and the corresponding short-circuit fault type.

[0020] Preferably, the conversion bit number of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit includes at least one of the following bit numbers: 8 bits, 10 bits, 12 bits, 14 bits, and 16 bits.

[0021] Preferably, the electronic switch comprises at least one of the following transistors: a triode, a field effect transistor;

[0022] And / or, the first regulator is a first low dropout linear regulator;

[0023] And / or, the second regulator is a second low dropout linear regulator;

[0024] And / or, the processor is an embedded microcontroller.

[0025] An embodiment of the present specification further provides a vehicle sensor power supply system, comprising a power supply circuit as described in any one of the items in the present specification, wherein an output port of the power supply circuit provides a power supply voltage to the sensor through an external wiring harness.

[0026] The embodiment of this specification also provides a vehicle electronic controller unit, the vehicle electronic controller unit comprising a vehicle sensor power supply system as described in any one of the embodiments of this specification, wherein the vehicle sensor power supply system is used to provide a power supply voltage to an external sensor in the vehicle electronic controller unit;

[0027] Alternatively, the vehicle electronic controller unit includes a power supply circuit as described in any one of the items in this specification, wherein the power supply circuit is used to provide a power supply voltage in the vehicle electronic controller unit to other circuits in the vehicle electronic controller unit or to external circuits of the vehicle electronic controller unit.

[0028] The embodiment of this specification also provides a vehicle sensing system, including:

[0029] Several sensors;

[0030] Power supply harness;

[0031] An electronic controller unit for a vehicle as described in any one of the present descriptions;

[0032] The power supply harness is used to provide the plurality of sensors with the power supply voltage provided to the outside by the power supply circuit in the vehicle electronic controller unit from the output port.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this specification can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0034] Through multiple commonly used devices, an overall power supply circuit with power supply, short-circuit detection and protection functions is formed. It can not only become an alternative to the imported integrated device Tracker, solving the dilemma that there are no such circuit devices in China, but also solve the defect that the imported integrated device Tracker cannot identify the short-circuit fault type. In addition to providing power supply and short-circuit protection to the outside, it can also provide short-circuit fault type, which is very convenient for fault inspection and repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a power supply circuit in this application;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle sensor power supply system in this application;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle electronic controller unit in the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle electronic controller unit in the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle sensor system in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The following describes the implementation methods of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation methods, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present application, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspect described herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein can be used to implement this device and / or practice this method.

[0044] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present application. The drawings only show components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0045] Additionally, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples can be practiced without these specific details.

[0046] Currently, the power supply solution for external sensors is basically the imported device Tracker. Although this imported device can provide an integrated solution of power supply and short-circuit protection, this device can only provide short-circuit protection when a short circuit occurs, and it is impossible to know what type of short-circuit fault it is.

[0047] In addition, such imported integrated circuit devices are provided by foreign component suppliers. Given the increasing shortage of semiconductor devices in recent years, the supply of such devices is tight and the lead time is long. Moreover, there is still no relevant alternative solution in China. Even if such devices are self-developed in China, due to the lack of relevant R&D experience and the extremely long R&D cycle, the corresponding integrated circuit cannot be formed as an alternative solution in the short term, which cannot alleviate the current urgent application needs for such imported integrated circuit devices.

[0048] Based on this, the embodiment of this specification proposes a power supply circuit solution for an external sensor: multiple mature devices are used to build a power supply circuit with external power supply, short circuit detection and short circuit protection. Therefore, while supplying power to the external sensor and realizing short circuit protection, the short circuit fault category can be detected in time. At the same time, because the devices used in the overall circuit are all general mature devices, not only can they be commercially available in the domestic market, but these devices can also be quickly integrated together to form new circuit units, or even new integrated circuit devices, which solves the dilemma of no relevant alternative solutions in China, and also provides a new idea for the domestic research and development of foreign device Trackers, making up for the technical shortcomings of domestic technicians who do not have corresponding research and development experience, and can improve the speed and efficiency of domestic technology research and development in this technical field.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in the power supply circuit, the first voltage stabilizer (such as LDO1) is used to provide the power supply voltage required by the sensor, and the second voltage stabilizer (such as LDO2) is used to provide the corresponding working power supply voltage for the processor (such as MCU) with short-circuit detection and protection integrated control functions. The processor is used to process the feedback voltage from the output end (i.e., the output voltage Vo) and perform short-circuit fault detection and protection control in time. When a short-circuit fault is found, the output voltage is turned off by an electronic switch Q1 (such as a transistor, a MOS tube, etc.), and when there is no short-circuit fault, the output voltage is output through the electronic switch.

[0050] On the one hand, in the aforementioned power supply scheme, the power supply of the short-circuit fault detection circuit (such as the aforementioned processor) and the power supply provided to the sensor are independent of each other, and the power supply to the sensor is also controlled by an electronic switch controlled by the detection circuit, and the two regulators are separated, so even if there is a short-circuit fault in the sensor power supply circuit (such as a short circuit to the positive pole of the power supply, such as Figure 1 If the power supply VBAT is on, the detection circuit can still work normally, and the path of the output voltage Vo can be cut off in time by the electronic switch, thus ensuring that the components of the circuit are not damaged.

[0051] Secondly, the overall circuit has the functions of power supply, short circuit detection and protection, which can not only completely replace the power supply and protection circuit functions of the imported device Tracker, but also make up for the defect that the imported device Tracker cannot detect short circuit fault types. Therefore, compared with the original imported integrated device, the circuit function is more complete and can completely become an alternative to the imported device Tracker.

[0052] Thirdly, the voltage regulators and processors used in the overall circuit are all general devices available in the domestic market. They can be easily purchased through commercial channels in China, and these devices themselves have many alternative devices in China. Therefore, the sensor power supply circuit composed of general voltage regulators and processors can provide a good alternative solution for the domestic market without the need for imported dedicated integrated chips, effectively alleviating the urgent need to use imported trackers in the actual application of powering external sensors, and is not easily restricted by the supply capacity and cycle of foreign component providers.

[0053] The technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, a power supply circuit provided in this specification may include: an input port, an output port, a first voltage regulator, a second voltage regulator, an electronic switch and a processor.

[0055] The input port is used to input a power supply voltage Vi. The input power supply is marked as a power supply VBAT, which can be a battery or other regulated DC power supply without limitation.

[0056] The first voltage regulator LDO1 is used to stabilize the power supply voltage Vi to form a first voltage V1, and the first voltage V1 can be used as a voltage for providing power to the outside. The second voltage regulator LDO2 is used to stabilize the power supply voltage Vi to form a second voltage V2, and the second voltage can be used as a voltage for providing power to the processor. Therefore, the first voltage for external power supply and the second voltage for internal circuit power supply are respectively stabilized by the corresponding independent branches, and will not affect each other.

[0057] The electronic switch Q1 is used to be in a circuit state or a circuit-breaking state under the control of the processor MCU. Here, the electronic switch serves as a control switch for the external power supply path, and the on and off of the switch is controlled by the processor, so that the external power supply can be controlled by the processor in a timely manner.

[0058] The output port is used to provide a power supply voltage Vo to the outside and provide a feedback voltage to the processor. It should be noted that the feedback voltage can be the power supply voltage Vo output by the output port directly, or can be other corresponding voltages sampled from the power supply voltage Vo, which is not limited here.

[0059] The processor MCU is used to determine whether there is a short-circuit fault in the power supply voltage Vo and the corresponding short-circuit fault type according to the feedback voltage, and control the electronic switch to enter the open circuit state when it is determined that there is a short-circuit fault, and control the electronic switch to enter the open circuit state when it is determined that there is no short-circuit fault; wherein the open circuit state of the electronic switch is used to open the external power supply path, and the open circuit state of the electronic switch is used to shut down the external power supply path, and the external power supply path is a path for the first voltage V1 to supply power to the outside after passing through the electronic switch and the output port in sequence.

[0060] During implementation, the power supply voltage Vo output from the output port may have a short-circuit fault when used externally, such as short-circuit to ground, short-circuit to power supply, etc. Therefore, the value of the power supply voltage Vo will be different depending on the short-circuit fault. Therefore, the processor can determine the corresponding fault type in real time according to the value of the feedback voltage, and as soon as it is determined that there is a fault in the line of the external power supply voltage Vo, the external power supply path is promptly cut off through the electronic switch Q1, thereby ensuring that each device in the power supply circuit will not be affected by the short-circuit fault.

[0061] It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned power supply circuit, the first voltage regulator LDO1, the second voltage regulator LDO2, the processor MCU, the electronic switch Q1 and other devices can be devices that can be obtained on the domestic market. Therefore, the power supply circuit for external power supply composed of these common devices can not only become an alternative solution, but also the above-mentioned power supply circuit is an integrated functional circuit unit with power supply, fault detection and protection, which well solves the defect that foreign imported devices only have the functions of power supply and short-circuit protection but cannot provide short-circuit fault type.

[0062] In addition, the input port and the output port may be a wiring harness interface or a printed line form, which is not limited here.

[0063] In some embodiments, the circuit form of the electronic switch may preferably be a transistor, or may preferably be an electronic device in other circuit forms (such as an electronic switch of an integrated circuit).

[0064] In some examples, the electronic switch may include at least one of the following transistors: a triode, a field effect transistor. By selecting a transistor, not only can the function of the electronic switch be realized, but the cost of the transistor is lower, the device reliability is higher, the device size is smaller, and it is easier to integrate the design in the power supply circuit. It should be noted that the transistor model specifications are not limited here.

[0065] In some implementations, the voltage of the power supply VBAT (i.e., the power supply voltage Vi input from the input port) can be stabilized by using a low-dropout linear regulator (LDO), which has a simpler circuit form, high device reliability, and a smaller device size, and is very convenient for integrated design in the power supply circuit.

[0066] In one example, the first voltage regulator is preferably a low voltage difference linear voltage regulator. For example, for the external power supply requirement of 5V / 70-100mA, the low voltage difference linear voltage regulator can meet the external power supply requirement, and there are many alternative devices of this type of low voltage difference linear voltage regulator on the domestic market, and the reliability of this type of device is generally high, which can well meet the external power supply requirement.

[0067] In one example, the second voltage regulator is preferably a low voltage drop linear regulator. For example, for the 5V / 100mA operating voltage requirement of the processor, the low voltage drop linear regulator can meet the operating voltage requirement, and there are many alternative devices of this type of low voltage drop linear regulator on the domestic market, and the reliability of this type of device is generally high, which can well meet the external power supply requirements.

[0068] It should be noted that, according to the output voltage and current capability requirements, the first voltage stabilizer and the second voltage stabilizer may preferably be devices of the same model and specification, or may preferably be devices of different models and specifications. The specific model and specification of the voltage stabilizer are not limited here.

[0069] In some implementations, when the processor determines whether a short circuit fault exists and the fault type based on the feedback voltage, it can detect the physical quantity corresponding to the feedback voltage, such as the voltage value of the feedback voltage, the digital quantity corresponding to the feedback voltage, and the like.

[0070] In one example, the processor completes the corresponding detection of the feedback voltage through a comparator. Therefore, the processor may be a processor including a comparator circuit, and the comparator forms a comparison output result under the action of the feedback voltage, and the comparison output result can be used to characterize whether there is a short-circuit fault in the power supply voltage and the corresponding short-circuit fault type.

[0071] For example, when the external line is short-circuited to the positive pole of the power supply, the power supply voltage Vo must be higher than the voltage value in the normal state, so the comparator circuit outputs the corresponding comparison output result to reflect the abnormal state of the short circuit to the power supply; for another example, when the external line is short-circuited to the ground, the power supply voltage Vo must be lower than the voltage value in the normal state, so the comparator circuit outputs the corresponding comparison output result to reflect the abnormal state of the short circuit to the ground. Therefore, based on the comparison output result of the comparator, the processor can not only detect the existence of a short circuit fault in a timely manner, but also detect the corresponding short circuit fault type.

[0072] It should be noted that the comparator circuit is a circuit unit with a comparator as the core. One of the inputs in the comparator can be the aforementioned feedback voltage signal, and the other inputs can set corresponding reference voltages, wherein the reference voltage can be directly or indirectly derived from the second voltage output by the second regulator, which is not limited here.

[0073] In implementation, it is preferred that a window comparator constitutes the core unit of the aforementioned comparator circuit, and then the window comparator can obtain the comparison output result corresponding to the short-circuit fault according to the feedback voltage. Specifically, the comparator circuit includes a window comparator, wherein the window comparator is used to trigger the output of the corresponding comparison output result according to the input feedback voltage, so as to reflect the type of short-circuit fault. For example, in the window comparator, when the feedback voltage is higher than the first reference voltage, the corresponding level is flipped to reflect the existence of a short-circuit fault, and the fault type represents a short circuit to the power supply; for another example, when the feedback voltage is lower than the second reference voltage, the corresponding level is flipped to reflect the existence of a short-circuit fault, and the fault type represents a short circuit to the ground; for example, when the feedback voltage is between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, no flip output occurs to reflect that no short-circuit fault occurs, that is, there is no short-circuit fault.

[0074] Therefore, the processor can timely learn the short circuit fault and the corresponding fault type by judging the output of the comparator.

[0075] In some examples, the processor detects the feedback voltage through an analog-to-digital conversion circuit. In this case, the processor may be a processor including an analog-to-digital conversion circuit (ADC), wherein the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used to convert the feedback voltage into a corresponding digital quantity, and the magnitude of the digital quantity is used to characterize whether there is a short-circuit fault in the power supply voltage and the corresponding short-circuit fault type.

[0076] Accordingly, when normal, the digital quantity output by the ADC is within the first preset range; when short-circuited to the power supply, the digital quantity output by the ADC is within the second preset range, and the processor promptly knows the short-circuit fault and the corresponding fault type by judging the digital quantity; when short-circuited to the ground, the digital quantity output by the ADC is within the third preset range, and the processor promptly knows the short-circuit fault and the corresponding fault type by judging the digital quantity.

[0077] In some implementations, the conversion accuracy (ie, the number of bits) of the ADC may be at least one of the following: 8 bits, 10 bits, 12 bits, 14 bits, and 16 bits. Usually, the processor integrates an ADC of corresponding bits, so that the ADC inside the processor can be used for feedback voltage sampling and detection.

[0078] It should be noted that the aforementioned examples illustrate the circuit units integrated in the processor using comparators, ADCs and other functional circuits. Those skilled in the art should understand that these circuit units may also be circuit units external to the processor.

[0079] In some embodiments, the processor can use the indicating unit to indicate and alarm the detected short-circuit fault type data, which is convenient for later maintenance and detection. Therefore, the power supply circuit can also include an indicating unit (not shown in the figure), wherein the indicating unit is used to indicate the corresponding state of the short-circuit fault type output by the processor. It should be noted that the indicating unit can be an indicator light, an audible and visual alarm, a data display, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0080] Based on the same inventive concept, this specification also provides a vehicle sensor power supply system, a vehicle ECU (ie, electronic controller unit), a sensor data acquisition system (ie, a sensor system), etc.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a vehicle sensor power supply system includes the power supply circuit 200 described in any one of the embodiments in the present specification, wherein the power supply voltage Vi provided by the vehicle power supply 100 (such as a battery, a DC converter, etc.) is input to the input port of the power supply circuit 200, and after being processed internally by the power supply circuit 200 (see the aforementioned embodiments), the output port of the power supply circuit 200 provides the power supply voltage Vo to the outside, and at this time, the power supply voltage Vo supplies power to the sensor 400 through the external wiring harness 300.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, a vehicle electronic controller unit includes the vehicle sensor power supply system 10 described in any one of the embodiments in this specification, wherein the vehicle sensor power supply system 10 is used to provide a power supply voltage to an external sensor (not shown in the figure) in a vehicle ECU (i.e., a vehicle electronic controller unit).

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown, a vehicle electronic controller unit includes the power supply circuit 20 described in any one of the embodiments in this specification, wherein the power supply circuit is used to provide power supply voltage to other circuits inside the ECU (not shown in the figure) or external circuits of the ECU (such as sensors, detectors, etc., not shown in the figure) in the vehicle ECU (i.e., the vehicle electronic controller unit).

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown, a vehicle sensing system includes: a plurality of sensors 4, a power supply harness 3 and a vehicle electronic controller unit 2, wherein the vehicle electronic controller unit 2 can be a vehicle electronic controller unit shown in any of the above embodiments in this specification. Therefore, after the power supply voltage Vi of the vehicle power supply 1 is input to the vehicle electronic controller unit 2, the vehicle electronic controller unit 2 provides a power supply voltage Vo to a plurality of external sensors through the power supply harness 3.

[0085] Here, the power supply harness 3 is used to provide the power supply voltage Vo provided by the power supply circuit in the vehicle electronic controller unit 2 from the output port to the several sensors 4; in addition, the external sensors can be sensors on the vehicle body for sensing the environment, so these sensors can be marked as sensor a, sensor b, up to sensor n.

[0086] In this specification, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the embodiments described later, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the previous embodiments.

[0087] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that: include: An input port, an output port, a first voltage regulator, a second voltage regulator, an electronic switch, and a processor; The input port is used to input a power supply voltage; The first voltage stabilizer is used to stabilize the power supply voltage to form a first voltage; The second voltage regulator is used to stabilize the power supply voltage to form a second voltage, and the second voltage is used as a voltage for providing power to the processor; The electronic switch is used to be in a circuit state or a circuit breaker state under the control of the processor; The output port is used to provide a power supply voltage to the outside and a feedback voltage to the processor; The processor is used to determine whether the supply voltage has a short-circuit fault and the corresponding short-circuit fault type according to the feedback voltage, and control the electronic switch to enter an open circuit state when it is determined that a short-circuit fault exists, and control the electronic switch to enter a closed circuit state when it is determined that no short-circuit fault exists; The on state of the electronic switch is used to open an external power supply path, and the off state of the electronic switch is used to shut down the external power supply path, wherein the external power supply path is a path for the first voltage to supply power to the outside via the electronic switch and the output port in sequence.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit further includes an indication unit, which is used to indicate a corresponding state of the short-circuit fault type output by the processor.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processor is a processor including a comparator circuit, wherein the comparator forms a comparison output result under the action of the feedback voltage, and the comparison output result is used to characterize whether the power supply voltage has a short-circuit fault and the corresponding short-circuit fault type.

4. The power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The comparator circuit includes a window comparator, and the window comparator is used to output a comparison output result corresponding to the feedback voltage to reflect the short-circuit fault type.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processor is a processor including an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, wherein the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used to convert the feedback voltage into a corresponding digital quantity, and the numerical value of the digital quantity is used to characterize whether there is a short-circuit fault in the power supply voltage and the corresponding short-circuit fault type.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conversion bit number of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit includes at least one of the following bit numbers: 8 bits, 10 bits, 12 bits, 14 bits, and 16 bits.

7. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The electronic switch comprises at least one of the following transistors: a triode, a field effect transistor; And / or, the first regulator is a first low dropout linear regulator; And / or, the second regulator is a second low dropout linear regulator; And / or, the processor is an embedded microcontroller.

8. A vehicle sensor power supply system, characterized in that: The power supply circuit comprises the power supply circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the output port of the power supply circuit provides the power supply voltage to the sensor through an external wiring harness.

9. A vehicle electronic controller unit, characterized in that: The vehicle electronic controller unit comprises the vehicle sensor power supply system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the vehicle sensor power supply system is used to provide a power supply voltage to an external sensor in the vehicle electronic controller unit; Alternatively, the vehicle electronic controller unit includes a power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the power supply circuit is used to provide a power supply voltage in the vehicle electronic controller unit to other circuits in the vehicle electronic controller unit or to external circuits of the vehicle electronic controller unit.

10. A vehicle sensing system, characterized in that: include: Several sensors; Power supply harness; The vehicle electronic controller unit as claimed in claim 9; The power supply harness is used to provide the plurality of sensors with the power supply voltage provided to the outside by the power supply circuit in the vehicle electronic controller unit from the output port.

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