The application relates to a battery lock structure and a motorcycle, the battery lock structure comprising a lock, a first lever, a transmission connecting rod, a reset member, a vehicle body fixing portion and a battery, the first lever being rotatably connected to the vehicle body fixing portion through a first rotating shaft, and the two ends of the first lever capable of rotating around the first rotating shaft being defined as a first movable end and a second movable end, the first movable end being matched with the battery stop, the second movable end being connected with the reset member, and the reset member being capable of driving the first lever to rotate, so that the first movable end has a tendency to separate from the battery; one end of the transmission connecting rod being movably connected to the first lever, and the other end being provided with the lock, the lock comprising a lock body and a lock tongue in telescopic cooperation, the lock body being capable of being locked with the vehicle body fixing portion through the lock tongue, so as to prevent the first movable end from separating from the battery. The battery lock structure and the motorcycle provided by the application solve the problem that the detachable battery on the existing motorcycle is prone to being stolen.