Geological compass capable of automatically measuring stratum attitude elements

Abstract

The invention provides a geological compass capable of automatically measuring stratum attitude elements, which relates to the field of geology and comprises a top cover, a base, a horizontal adjusting assembly, a gyroscope assembly and a sighting device, the top cover is connected with the base; the upper opening edge of the base and the lower base are screwed and fixed through a fastening hoop; the horizontal adjusting assembly comprises a rotating circular ring, an adjusting wheel, a horizontal ruler and an inclinometer; the rotating ring is arranged between the upper opening edge and the lower base, the two ends of the leveling instrument are connected with the rotating ring through the fixing sleeves, and the inclinometer is arranged at the end of the fixing sleeve on one side; the sighting device is arranged at the upper edge of the upper opening edge; the gyroscope assembly comprises a supporting framework, a fixed disc, a dial and a magnetic needle; the rotating ring can be driven to rotate through rotation of the adjusting wheel, then the horizontal ruler is driven to rotate and is adjusted to be horizontal, and the trend, inclination and dip angle of a layer can be measured at a time. The method is simple and convenient to operate and accurate in data, and the measurement result is not influenced by personal technology and proficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geology, and in particular to a geological compass capable of automatically measuring stratum occurrence elements. Background Art

[0002] The geological compass is an indispensable tool for geologists to conduct field geological surveys. The traditional geological compass needs to measure the direction of the geological body first, and then measure the inclination of the geological body. The inclined plane in space has only one true inclination in the direction perpendicular to the strike line, but there are countless false inclinations that are not completely perpendicular to the strike line. Therefore, when measuring the inclination of the geological body layer, the compass must be placed in a direction perpendicular to the strike line of the layer, otherwise the measured inclination is not the true inclination of the layer. In order to measure the direction and inclination of the layer, the traditional geological compass needs to move and convert the angle and position of the compass. The compass is placed by visual observation in the field, and the results measured by different people will be different. At the same time, when measuring the direction of the stratum, the bottom edge of one side of the compass should also be close to the layer. Unskilled operators are prone to overlook this point, or because the measurement position is inconvenient, it cannot be completely close, and often inaccurate measurements are made.

[0003] Therefore, it is very necessary to design a geological compass that can automatically measure the formation occurrence elements. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a geological compass that can automatically measure the occurrence elements of the stratum. By setting a gyroscope component in the base and cooperating with the horizontal adjustment component to rotate synchronously, the structure is optimized, so that the present invention can automatically and accurately measure the strike and inclination of the stratum and calculate the inclination by turning the adjustment wheel to center the second bubble in the level ruler and adjusting the angle of the horizontal adjustment component. The present invention is easy to operate, accurate in data, and the measurement results are not affected by personal skills and proficiency.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements, comprising a top cover, a base, a level adjustment assembly, a gyroscope assembly and a sight; a reflector is provided on the inner side of the top cover, and a foldable side mirror is provided on the outer side of the top cover; the base is connected to the top cover, the base comprises an upper rim, a lower base and a fastening hoop, the upper rim and the lower base are plugged into each other and tightened by the fastening hoop; a ball is provided on the bottom surface of the upper rim; a track groove is provided on the top surface of the lower base, the interior of the lower base is a cavity structure with an upper opening, a tray is provided in the cavity structure; the level adjustment assembly comprises a rotating ring, an adjusting wheel, a level ruler and an inclinometer; the rotating ring is arranged between the upper rim and the lower base, the bottom surface of the rotating ring is provided with an annular protrusion, and the annular protrusion is arranged in the track groove; the top surface of the rotating ring is provided with a ball slideway cooperating with the ball, and the edge of the top surface of the rotating ring protrudes upward and provided with a first bevel gear; the adjusting wheel is arranged on the adjusting wheel shaft, and the adjusting wheel shaft is connected to the upper edge of the mouth; the outer circumference of the adjusting wheel is provided with a second bevel gear, and the adjusting wheel and the rotating ring are meshed and connected through the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear; the two ends of the level ruler are connected to the bottom surface of the rotating ring through a fixed sleeve, and a level ruler plumb bob is hung on the fixed sleeve; the inclinometer is arranged on the fixed sleeve on one side of the level ruler; the gyroscope assembly includes a supporting frame, a fixed plate, a scale plate and a magnetic needle, and a plurality of the supporting frames form an ellipsoidal self-balancing body and are suspended in the middle of the level ruler; a gyroscope plumb bob is provided at the bottom of the supporting frame; the fixed plate is arranged inside the supporting frame and connected to the supporting frame; the scale plate and the magnetic needle are both arranged on the fixed plate; the sight includes a folding arm and an aiming part, the folding arm is rotatably connected to the upper edge of the mouth, the aiming part is arranged at the top of the folding arm and an aiming hole is provided on the aiming part.

[0007] Preferably, the top cover is rotatably connected to the upper rim via a hinge, and the diameter of the top cover is equal to the diameter of the upper rim.

[0008] Preferably, a center seam is provided in the middle of the reflector, a transparent hole is provided at the bottom of the center seam, the side view mirror is connected to the top cover through a fixing hole, and the side view mirror comprises a fixing hole, a folding joint, a second rotating joint, a first rotating joint and a mirror surface which are sequentially connected to the top cover.

[0009] Preferably, a level bubble and a level ring groove are provided in the middle of the level, a first hanging ring is provided at the level ring groove, the first hanging ring is connected to the first hanging rod, the first hanging rod is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting frame; the bottom of the supporting frame is connected to the gyroscope plumb bob through a third hanging rod.

[0010] Preferably, the fixing sleeve is provided with a fixing sleeve ring groove, the fixing sleeve ring groove is provided with a second hanging ring, the second hanging ring is connected to the second hanging rod; the middle part of the second hanging rod is connected to the direction rod; the bottom of the second hanging rod is provided with a level ruler plumb bob.

[0011] Preferably, the direction rods are provided in two numbers and the first ends of the two direction rods are provided with long grooves, and the support frames located at the 0° and 180° positions of the dial are respectively confined in the long grooves.

[0012] Preferably, the fixed disk and the scale disk are arranged concentrically and connected by fixing bolts, and the fixing bolts pass through the centers of the fixed disk and the scale disk in sequence; a fixed disk nut is provided between the fixed disk and the scale disk; a scale disk nut is provided above the scale disk; a magnetic needle bracket is provided on the top of the fixing bolt, a magnetic needle is provided on the magnetic needle bracket, and a scale disk bubble and an adjustment hole are provided on the scale disk.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the tray is connected to the inner bottom of the lower base through a compression spring; one side of the tray is connected to a fixing button through a lever; the fixing button is arranged on the outer wall of the lower base; a V-shaped fulcrum is provided in the middle of the lever, and the bottom of the V-shaped fulcrum is rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the lower base.

[0014] Preferably, a rotating wheel recess is provided on the inner side of the top cover at a position corresponding to the adjusting wheel.

[0015] Preferably, a slot is provided on the bottom surface of the upper rim, and a post is provided on the top surface of the lower base. The positions of the plurality of slots and posts correspond one to one. The posts are inserted into the slots to radially limit the upper rim and the lower base.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The present invention sets a level adjustment component and a gyroscope component, places the compass on the surface, and only needs to turn the adjustment wheel to drive the level ruler to rotate until the bubble of the level ruler is centered, so as to ensure that the level ruler is in a horizontal state, read the direction and inclination, and calculate the inclination. There is no need to repeatedly adjust the angle and position relationship between the compass and the surface like a traditional compass, and the present invention can ensure that different people operate at the same location, and the measurement results are consistent, the operation is simple, and the data is accurate.

[0018] 2. The present invention can measure the slope of the terrain by folding the sight and the side mirror and cooperating with the base. The folding arm is extended, the aiming part is folded to 90 degrees, and the position of the side mirror is adjusted. The inclinometer dial can be seen through the side mirror. Hold the compass, adjust the opening and closing degree of the top cover, see the top of the slope through the elliptical transparent hole from the aiming hole, fine-tune the hand-held angle, observe through the reflector to make the bubble on the edge of the mouth in the center, observe through the side mirror to read the scale data pointed by the inclinometer pointer, and obtain the slope of the measured terrain.

[0019] 3. The present invention sets a direction rod to make the gyro assembly and the horizontal adjustment assembly rotate and move synchronously. Through the gyro plumb bob and the level plumb bob, the gyro assembly and the horizontal adjustment assembly can always keep naturally drooping. When the level is in a horizontal state, automatic measurement of the formation occurrence elements is realized.

[0020] 4. The present invention has a tray inside the base, which holds the gyroscope assembly to make it still and no longer swing when the compass is not in use, thereby protecting the gyroscope and ensuring its accuracy and service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of a geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gyroscope assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A structural diagram of the connection relationship between the gyroscope assembly and the level adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface structure of the rotating ring of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface structure of the upper rim of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower base of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inclinometer of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the fixing bolts and nuts of the gyroscope fixing plate and the scale plate of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the magnetic needle support of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tray of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing button of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the side-view mirror of the present invention.

[0033] Description of the markings in the figure:

[0034] 1. Top cover; 2. Base; 3. Level adjustment assembly; 4. Sight; 5. Gyroscope assembly;

[0035] 11. Reflector; 12. Center seam; 13. Transparent hole; 14. Rotating wheel recess; 15. Mirror surface; 16. First rotating joint; 17. Second rotating joint; 18. Folding joint; 19. Fixing hole;

[0036] 21. Upper rim; 22. Lower base; 23. Fastening hoop; 24. Fixing button;

[0037] 211, ball bearing; 212, annular groove; 213, slot; 214, rim thread; 215, rim bubble;

[0038] 221, track groove; 222, clamping column; 223, edge ridge of base opening;

[0039] 241, tray; 242, compression spring; 243, lever; 244, fixing pin; 245, fixing pin spring;

[0040] 31. Level ruler; 32. Fixed sleeve; 33. Rotating ring; 34. Adjusting wheel; 35. First bevel gear; 36. Inclinometer; 37. Annular protrusion;

[0041] 311. bubble of spirit level; 312. plumb bob of spirit level; 313. direction rod; 314. second hanging rod; 315. second hanging ring; 316. ring groove of spirit level;

[0042] 361. Inclinometer dial; 362. Inclinometer pointer;

[0043] 41. Folding arm; 42. Aiming unit;

[0044] 51. First hanging ring; 52. First hanging rod; 53. Support frame; 54. Gyroscope plumb bob; 55. Third hanging rod; 56. Fixed disk; 57. Scale dial; 58. Magnetic needle; 59. Scale dial bubble; 510. Adjustment hole; 511. Fixing bolt; 512. Fixed disk nut; 513. Scale dial nut; 514. Magnetic needle bracket; 515. Magnetic needle fixing spring; 516. Tip of magnetic needle bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to fully describe the technical content, structural features, objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] The present invention provides a geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a top cover 1, a base 2, a level adjustment component 3, a sight 4 and a gyroscope component 5, the top cover 1 is connected to the base 2, the level adjustment component 3 and the gyroscope component 5 are connected and arranged inside the base 2, and the sight 4 is arranged at the upper edge of the base and its position just corresponds to when the top cover 1 is opened. The present invention is made of transparent material, so as to better observe the pointer indication state of the dial inside the compass and the horizontal and tilt states of the level adjustment component 3 and the gyroscope component 5 inside the base 2, so as to better measure accurate data.

[0047] The top cover 1 is circular in structure, and the diameter of the top cover 1 matches the diameter of the upper rim 21 . The top cover 1 is connected to the upper rim 21 via hinges to achieve flexible opening and closing.

[0048] A reflector 11 is provided on the inner side of the top cover 1, a center seam 12 is provided in the middle of the reflector 11, and an elliptical transparent hole 13 is provided at the bottom of the center seam 12. A wheel recess 14 corresponding to the position of the adjusting wheel 34 is provided on the inner side of the top cover 1, and is used to accommodate the adjusting wheel 34 when the top cover 1 is closed.

[0049] A side mirror is provided on the outside of the top cover 1 to facilitate reading the inclination angle when measuring the terrain slope. Specifically, the side mirror is fixedly connected to the top cover 1 through the fixing hole 19, such as Fig.12 As shown, the side view mirror includes a fixing hole 19, a folding joint 18, a second rotating joint 17, a first rotating joint 16 and a mirror surface 15 which are sequentially connected to the top cover 1. The side view mirror can be extended, folded, turned and adjusted in orientation through the first rotating joint 16, the second rotating joint 17 and the folding joint 18. The side view mirror can be folded outside the top cover 1 when not in use.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the base 2 is cylindrical in shape, including an upper rim 21, a lower base 22 and an annular fastening hoop 23. The fastening hoop 23 is arranged between the upper rim 21 and the lower base 22. The upper rim 21 and the lower base 22 are plugged into each other and are tightened and fixed by the fastening hoop 23.

[0051] The upper rim 21 is a short columnar structure with an opening in the center. The bottom surface of the upper rim 21 is provided with a ball 211, an annular groove 212 and a clamping groove 213. The outer side of the upper rim 21 is provided with a rim thread 214 for rotating the fastening hoop. The top surface of the upper rim 21 is provided with a rim bubble 215 for observing whether the base 2 is level.

[0052] The lower base 22 is a long cylindrical structure, and the top surface of the lower base 22 is provided with an annular track groove 221 and a clamping column 222. The clamping column 222 and the clamping groove 213 on the upper rim are provided with the same number and the positions correspond one to one. The clamping column 222 is inserted into the clamping groove 213, so that the upper rim 21 and the lower base 22 are limited in the radial direction and cannot rotate freely in the radial direction.

[0053] The interior of the lower base 22 is a hemispherical cavity structure with an upper opening, and a tray 241 is arranged inside the cavity structure. An annular base edge rib 223 is arranged on the outer periphery of the upper edge of the lower base 22.

[0054] The fastening hoop 23 is a circular ring structure. The upper half of the inner wall of the fastening hoop 23 is provided with an internal thread matching the rim thread 214 . The lower edge of the fastening hoop 23 is provided inwardly with a lower edge ridge for fixing with the rim ridge 223 of the base.

[0055] In the present invention, if Fig.10 As shown, the bottom of the tray 241 is connected to the bottom of the cavity structure through a compression spring 242, and one side of the tray 241 is connected to the fixing button 24 through a lever 243. A V-shaped fulcrum is provided in the middle of the lever 243, and the bottom of the V-shaped fulcrum is rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the lower base, so that the tray can be displaced up and down through the principle of lever swing.

[0056] The fixing button 24 is arranged on the outer wall of the lower base 22 and is limited by a fixing pin 244 . The fixing pin 244 is fixedly connected to the lower base 22 , and positioning grooves are provided on the upper and lower parts of both sides of the fixing button 24 .

[0057] like Fig.11 As shown, the ends of the fixing pin 244 are in contact with both sides of the fixing button 24 , and the fixing pin 244 realizes the elasticity of force through the fixing pin spring 245 .

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fixing button slideway is provided on the outer wall of the lower base 22, in which the fixing button is arranged and can slide up and down in the fixing button slideway, and one end of the lever is fixedly connected to the fixing button 24. Specifically, the fixing button 24 is pushed upward, and the fixing button 24 drives one end of the lever to slide upward, so that the other end of the lever connected to the tray tilts upward. At the same time, the fixing pin 244 slides along both sides of the fixing button 24 to the positioning groove located at the lower part of the fixing button 24 and clamps the fixing button 24. At this time, the other end of the lever swings downward, so that the tray is separated from the gyroscope assembly 5, and the gyroscope assembly 5 is released. Conversely, pushing the fixing button 24 downward can make one end of the tray hold the gyroscope assembly 5 upward, so that the gyroscope assembly 5 remains fixed and no longer swings at will.

[0059] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the level adjustment assembly 3 includes a rotating ring 33 , a level ruler 31 , a fixing sleeve 32 , an adjusting wheel 34 and an inclinometer 36 .

[0060] The rotating ring 33 is arranged between the upper rim 21 and the lower base 22. The top surface of the rotating ring 33 is provided with a ball slideway. When the upper rim 21 and the rotating ring 33 are installed together, the balls slide in the ball slideway to reduce wear. The edge of the top surface of the rotating ring 33 is raised upward and a first bevel tooth 35 is provided on the edge. The bottom surface of the rotating ring 33 is provided with an annular protrusion 37, which cooperates with the track groove 221 of the lower base 22, so that the rotating ring 33 rotates in the track groove 221.

[0061] The level ruler 31 is configured as a columnar structure, and a level ruler bubble 311 capable of displaying a horizontal state is disposed in the middle of the level ruler 31. Both ends of the level ruler 31 are connected to the bottom surface of the rotating ring 33 through a fixing sleeve 32. A level ruler ring groove 316 is also disposed in the middle of the level ruler 31 for hanging the gyroscope assembly 5.

[0062] A level ruler plumb bob 312 is hung on the fixing sleeve 32. Specifically, a fixing sleeve ring groove is provided in the middle of the fixing sleeve 32, a second hanging ring 315 is provided on the fixing sleeve ring groove, the second hanging ring 315 is connected to the second hanging rod 314, the lower part of the second hanging rod 314 is fixedly connected to the direction rod 313, and the bottom of the second hanging rod 314 is connected to the level ruler plumb bob 312.

[0063] In the present invention, two direction rods 313 are provided and one end of each direction rod is provided with a long groove. The two support frames 53 located at the positions corresponding to 570° and 180° of the dial are respectively limited in the long grooves on the adjacent direction rods 313 to avoid excessive swing amplitude of the gyroscope assembly 5 and cause damage to the equipment.

[0064] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 0° and 180° directions of the dial 57 are always consistent with the level ruler by connecting and fixing the direction rod and the second hanging rod, and limiting the support frame. The level ruler plumb bob 312 is hung at the bottom of the second hanging rod 314, which can ensure that the second hanging rod 314 always droops naturally and moves synchronously with the level ruler 31.

[0065] The adjusting wheel 34 is arranged on the adjusting wheel shaft 341, and the adjusting wheel shaft 341 is fixedly connected to the upper rim 21. The edge of the adjusting wheel 34 is provided with a second bevel gear and is meshed with the first bevel gear 35 on the rotating ring 33. The second bevel gear on the adjusting wheel 34 matches the first bevel gear on the rotating ring 33, and the rotating ring 33 can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the adjusting wheel 34.

[0066] like Figure 7As shown, the inclinometer 36 is arranged on the fixed sleeve at one end of the level ruler 31, and the inclinometer 36 is arranged at the left end of the fixed sleeve 32. The inclinometer 36 is provided with an inclinometer dial 361 and an inclinometer pointer 362. The inclinometer dial 361 is fixed on the left end surface of the fixed sleeve 36, and the inclinometer pointer 362 is arranged at the center of the inclinometer dial 361. The inclinometer pointer can swing freely and droop naturally. The inclinometer 36 can move synchronously with the level ruler 31 under the rotation of the rotating ring 33.

[0067] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the gyroscope assembly 5 includes a support frame 53, a fixed plate 56, a dial 57 and a magnetic needle 58. The multiple support frames 53 form an ellipsoidal self-balancing body and are suspended in the horizontal ruler ring groove 316 in the middle of the level ruler 31 through the first hanging ring 51 and the first hanging rod 52, and can rotate flexibly.

[0068] Specifically, the first hanging ring 51 is hung in the level ruler ring groove 316, the first hanging ring 51 is connected to the first hanging rod 52, and the first hanging rod 52 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 53. The bottom of the support frame 53 is connected to the gyroscope plumb bob 54 that can droop naturally through the third hanging rod 55, so that the gyroscope assembly 5 automatically maintains balance.

[0069] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the fixed disk 56 is arranged inside the support frame 53 and its circumference is connected to the middle part of the support frame 53. The scale plate 57 and the magnetic needle 58 are both arranged on the fixed disk 56 to indicate the direction of the stratum. Specifically, the fixed disk 56 and the scale plate 57 are arranged concentrically and connected by a fixing bolt 511. The fixing bolt 511 passes through the center of the fixed disk 56 and the scale plate 57 from the bottom of the fixed disk 56 in sequence. A fixed disk nut 512 is provided between the fixed disk 56 and the scale plate 57 to tighten and fix the fixed disk. A scale plate nut 513 is provided above the scale plate 57 to tighten and fix the scale plate.

[0070] A magnetic needle bracket 514 is provided at the top of the fixing bolt 511, and a recess with a small opening and a large inner cavity is provided on the tip 516 of the magnetic needle bracket. A magnetic needle fixing spring 515 is provided in the recess. The magnetic needle 58 is arranged in the recess and supported by the magnetic needle bracket 514. The magnetic needle fixing spring 515 can not only fix the magnetic needle 58 to prevent it from falling off, but also enable the magnetic needle 58 to swing flexibly.

[0071] The scale plate 57 is provided with a plurality of scale plate bubbles 59 for observing whether it is in a horizontal state and four centrosymmetrical adjustment holes 510 for adjusting the magnetic declination.

[0072] The sight 4 is fixed on the upper edge 21 and can be folded. The sight 4 includes a folding arm 41 foldable to a 90° angle and a sighting portion 42, the folding arm 41 is rotatably connected to the upper edge 21 through a hinge, and the sighting portion 42 is arranged at the top of the folding arm 41 and has a sighting hole.

[0073] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below.

[0074] First, the horizontal adjustment assembly 3 and the gyroscope assembly 5 are installed and placed in the cavity of the lower base. At this time, the annular protrusion 37 on the bottom surface of the rotating ring 33 is arranged in the track groove 221 on the top surface of the lower base 22, and the gyroscope assembly 5 is supported by the tray 241. The upper rim 21 is placed on the rotating ring 33. At this time, the bottom surface of the upper rim 21 and the top surface of the rotating ring 33 are in contact through the balls and the ball slideway, the second bevel gear of the adjustment wheel 341 is meshed and connected with the first bevel gear 35 of the rotating ring 33, and the top surface edge of the rotating ring 33 just enters the annular groove 212 on the bottom surface of the upper rim 21. The clamping column of the lower base 22 is inserted into the clamping groove 213 of the upper rim 21. The upper rim and the lower base are fixed by the clamping groove and the clamping column, so that they cannot rotate relative to each other radially. Then insert the fastening hoop 23 from the upper edge of the mouth, and rotate downward when the internal thread of the fastening hoop contacts the edge thread 214 of the mouth. Continue to rotate until the lower edge ridge below the fastening hoop contacts the base edge ridge on the lower base. The lower edge ridge below the fastening hoop will automatically cooperate with the base edge ridge and limit the lower base. The upper edge and the lower base are fixed by the two edges. Then install the top cover 1, the sight and the side mirror at the set position. When not working, the sight and the side mirror are folded and set, and the top cover 1 is closed, and the adjustment wheel just enters the wheel recess on the inner side of the top cover. When work is needed, open the top cover, adjust the compass position, turn the adjustment wheel, measure and read relevant data.

[0075] The field operation steps of the geological compass are as follows:

[0076] The first step is to correct the magnetic declination.

[0077] First, the magnetic declination of the working area must be known. If the magnetic declination is west, adjust the 0 scale of the dial 57 to rotate counterclockwise by one scale of the magnetic declination relative to the standard line on the fixed plate 56. If the magnetic declination is east, adjust the 0 scale of the dial 57 to rotate clockwise by one scale of the magnetic declination. Fine adjustment can be made by turning the adjustment hole 510 with a paper clip or other sharp needle.

[0078] The second step is to calibrate the balance of the gyro assembly.

[0079] Place the compass on a relatively horizontal surface, adjust the level 31 to be level, and observe whether the gyroscope assembly 5 is balanced, that is, whether the bubble 59 of the dial is centered. If it is not centered, the balance needs to be corrected. Use thin copper wire to wrap around the support frame 53 in different directions to maintain balance as needed.

[0080] The third step is to measure the attitude of the layer, that is, to measure the strike, dip and inclination of the geological body layer.

[0081] Place the compass on the surface, open the top cover 1, and use your fingers to turn the adjustment wheel 34. The level ruler 31 rotates synchronously with the rotating ring. After adjusting the bubble 311 of the level ruler to the center, read the scale number of the N pole of the magnetic needle 58 in the scale plate 57, that is, the direction of the surface. Read the scale number of the inclinometer pointer 362 on the inclinometer scale plate 361 from the side, that is, the inclination of the surface. The inclination of the surface can be calculated based on the direction. The two are in a 90° relationship. The specific direction is "+" or "-" 90°, that is, the inclination of the surface. "+" or "-" is determined according to the orientation of the on-site placement of the present invention.

[0082] The fourth step is to measure the orientation of the target object.

[0083] Adjust the direction of the level ruler 31 to be parallel to the direction of the middle seam 12 of the sight 4 and the reflector, hold the compass in front of the chest in a horizontal state, open the top cover 1, make the folding arm 41 of the sight upright, and adjust the 0 scale of the gyroscope to be on the side of the sight 4. Look down, adjust the posture, look for the target from the reflector, make the target pass through the middle seam, and make the tip of the aiming part 42 overlap with the middle seam 12 of the reflector, fine-tune the posture of the hand to make the bubble 215 on the mouth edge in the center, and read the scale number of the N pole of the magnetic needle 58 in the gyroscope scale 57 at this time, that is, the direction of the target relative to the point where you are standing.

[0084] Step 5: Measure the slope of the terrain.

[0085] Adjust the direction of the level 31 to be perpendicular to the direction of the center seam 12 of the sight 4 and the reflector, extend the folding arm 41 of the sight, fold the aiming part 42 to 90 degrees, pull out the side mirror, and adjust the position so that the inclinometer scale 361 can be seen through the side mirror. Hold the compass in front of one eye, adjust the opening and closing degree of the top cover 1, pass the line of sight through the sighting hole and see the top of the slope through the transparent hole 13, fine-tune the hand posture, observe through the reflector 11 to make the bubble 215 on the mouth edge be centered, and observe through the side mirror to read the scale data pointed by the inclinometer pointer 362, that is, the slope angle of the measured terrain.

[0086] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements, characterized in that: It includes a top cover, a base, a leveling assembly, a gyro assembly, and a sight; A reflector is provided on the inner side of the top cover, and a foldable side mirror is provided on the outer side of the top cover; The base is connected to the top cover, and the base includes an upper rim, a lower base and a fastening hoop. The upper rim and the lower base are plugged into each other and tightened by the fastening hoop. A ball bearing is provided on the bottom surface of the upper rim. A track groove is provided on the top surface of the lower base. The interior of the lower base is a cavity structure with an upper opening, and a tray is provided in the cavity structure. The horizontal adjustment assembly includes a rotating ring, an adjusting wheel, a level ruler and an inclinometer; the rotating ring is arranged between the upper rim and the lower base, the bottom surface of the rotating ring is provided with an annular protrusion, and the annular protrusion is arranged in the track groove; the top surface of the rotating ring is provided with a ball slideway that cooperates with the ball, and the edge of the top surface of the rotating ring protrudes upward and is provided with a first bevel gear; the adjusting wheel is arranged on the adjusting wheel shaft, and the adjusting wheel shaft is connected to the upper rim; the outer circumference of the adjusting wheel is provided with a second bevel gear, and the adjusting wheel and the rotating ring are meshed and connected by the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear; the two ends of the level ruler are connected to the bottom surface of the rotating ring through a fixing sleeve, and a level ruler plumb bob is hung on the fixing sleeve; the inclinometer is arranged on the fixing sleeve on one side of the level ruler; The gyroscope assembly includes a support frame, a fixed plate, a dial and a magnetic needle. A plurality of the support frames form an ellipsoidal self-balancing body and are suspended in the middle of the level ruler. A gyroscope plumb bob is provided at the bottom of the support frame. The fixed plate is provided inside the support frame and connected to the support frame. The dial and the magnetic needle are both provided on the fixed plate. The sight comprises a folding arm and a sighting part, wherein the folding arm is rotatably connected with the upper mouth edge, the sighting part is arranged at the top end of the folding arm and is provided with a sighting hole.

2. The geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover is rotatably connected to the upper rim via a hinge, and the diameter of the top cover is equal to the diameter of the upper rim.

3. The geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: A center seam is provided in the middle of the reflector, a transparent hole is provided at the bottom of the center seam, the side view mirror is connected to the top cover through a fixing hole, and the side view mirror comprises a fixing hole, a folding joint, a second rotating joint, a first rotating joint and a mirror surface which are sequentially connected to the top cover.

4. The geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: A level bubble and a level ring groove are provided in the middle of the level, a first hanging ring is provided at the level ring groove, the first hanging ring is connected to the first hanging rod, the first hanging rod is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting frame; the bottom of the supporting frame is connected to the gyroscope plumb bob through the third hanging rod.

5. The geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve is provided with a fixing sleeve ring groove, the fixing sleeve ring groove is provided with a second hanging ring, the second hanging ring is connected to the second hanging rod; the middle part of the second hanging rod is connected to the direction rod; the bottom of the second hanging rod is provided with a level ruler plumb bob.

6. The geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements according to claim 5, characterized in that: The direction rods are provided in two numbers and the first ends of the two direction rods are provided with long grooves, and the support frames located at the 0° and 180° positions of the scale plate are respectively confined in the long grooves.

7. The geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed disk and the scale disk are arranged concentrically and connected by fixing bolts, and the fixing bolts pass through the centers of the fixed disk and the scale disk in sequence; a fixed disk nut is provided between the fixed disk and the scale disk; a scale disk nut is provided above the scale disk; a magnetic needle bracket is provided on the top of the fixing bolt, a magnetic needle is provided on the magnetic needle bracket, and a scale disk bubble and an adjustment hole are provided on the scale disk.

8. The geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the tray is connected to the inner bottom of the lower base through a compression spring; one side of the tray is connected to a fixing button through a lever; the fixing button is arranged on the outer wall of the lower base; a V-shaped fulcrum is arranged in the middle of the lever, and the bottom of the V-shaped fulcrum is rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the lower base.

9. The geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating wheel recess is provided at a position on the inner side of the top cover corresponding to the position of the adjusting wheel.

10. The geological compass capable of automatically measuring formation occurrence elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping groove is provided on the bottom surface of the upper rim, and a clamping column is provided on the top surface of the lower base. The positions of the plurality of clamping grooves and clamping columns correspond one to one. The clamping columns are inserted into the clamping grooves to radially limit the upper rim and the lower base.

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