Glenoid cavity navigator for reverse full shoulder joint replacement

Abstract

The invention relates to a glenoid cavity navigator for reverse type total shoulder joint replacement. The glenoid cavity navigator comprises a main shaft, a handle, a front locking nut, a rear locking nut and five positioning supports. Scales on the surface of the spindle are used for adjusting the position of the positioning bracket; a Kirschner wire is inserted into the central duct to position the prosthesis; the handle accords with ergonomics and is antiskid, and is detachably connected with one end of the main shaft through a rear locking nut; the positioning supports are different in model and accord with the glenoid cavity anatomical structure, the ends of the positioning supports are arranged between the handle and the main shaft and are screwed and locked through rotation of the front locking nut, and marks are arranged on the surfaces of the positioning supports. Compared with the prior art, the navigator adjusts the scales of the positioning support according to the plan before the operation, is fixed to the glenoid cavity during the operation, guides the follow-up operation through the kirschner wire, ensures that the implant angle of the prosthesis is consistent with the plan before the operation, effectively solves the problem that the implant angle of the glenoid cavity prosthesis is accurately controlled, reduces the risk of complications, and improves the success rate and efficiency of the operation; the postoperative shoulder function recovery of the patient is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a glenoid navigator, in particular to a glenoid navigator used for reverse total shoulder replacement. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern orthopedic medicine, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) has become an important means of treating a variety of shoulder diseases. Its application scope has been continuously expanded, covering a variety of diseases such as rotator cuff injury osteoarthritis, proximal humeral fracture, humeral head necrosis, osteoarthritis, giant rotator cuff rupture, and proximal humeral tumor. Compared with traditional anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA), rTSA has shown certain advantages in improving postoperative shoulder pain and shoulder joint range of motion, and does not rely on the integrity of the rotator cuff muscles. Therefore, it has gradually been favored by clinicians and has been more widely used.

[0003] However, despite the many advantages of rTSA, some patients still experience severe complications after surgery, which greatly affects the patient's quality of life and the overall effect of the surgery. Clinical studies have shown that improper glenoid prosthesis position is one of the key factors leading to surgical failure. The anterior and posterior bones of the scapula are relatively thin. When the glenoid prosthesis implant position is offset, it is very easy to cause adverse consequences such as scapula bone destruction and prosthesis loosening, and may also have a negative impact on humeral stability and joint mobility, ultimately leading to severe limitation of the patient's shoulder joint function after surgery.

[0004] During the operation, it is difficult for the surgeon to accurately locate the glenoid prosthesis due to the constraints of many factors. On the one hand, the intraoperative field of view is limited, and the visible range of the surgical area is limited, making it difficult to fully and clearly observe the anatomical details of the glenoid. On the other hand, the anatomical structure of the shoulder is complex and changeable, and there are certain individual differences between different patients. The bone landmarks are not obvious and limited, which brings great challenges to the surgeon in determining the accurate implantation position and angle of the glenoid prosthesis.

[0005] With the rapid development of computer technology, preoperative planning systems have emerged and gradually been applied in clinical practice. Through the rTSA preoperative planning system, surgeons can perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the bony structure of the patient's shoulder joint, simulate the implantation position of the prosthesis before surgery, and obtain the most appropriate glenoid prosthesis implantation angle. Although this technology provides an important reference for surgery to a certain extent, in actual surgical operations, due to the lack of effective intraoperative navigation tools, it is still difficult to avoid glenoid angle measurement errors caused by various factors, which makes the risk of prosthesis implantation failure still high, seriously affecting the efficacy of the surgery and the patient's prognosis.

[0006] In summary, how to ensure the accuracy of the glenoid prosthesis implantation angle in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty has become a key issue that needs to be solved urgently. Solving this problem is of vital importance to improving the success rate of rTSA surgery, reducing the incidence of complications, and improving the quality of life of patients after surgery. It is in this context that the present invention aims to provide a glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty to fill the gap in this clinical demand and effectively solve the problem of the difficulty in accurately controlling the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, which effectively solves the problem of the difficulty in accurately controlling the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis during reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder replacement, comprising a main shaft, a handle, a front locking nut, and a plurality of positioning brackets;

[0010] The main shaft surface is provided with scales, wherein the smallest scale is used to adjust the position of the positioning bracket along the main shaft axis, and an axial channel is opened in the center of the main shaft, and the axial channel is used to insert a Kirschner wire to locate the position of the glenoid prosthesis;

[0011] The handle is detachably connected to one end of the main shaft;

[0012] The ends of multiple positioning brackets are used to match the normal anatomical structure of the human glenoid cavity. The positioning bracket is detachably arranged on the outer surface of the main shaft. One end of the positioning bracket is placed between the handle and the main shaft surface and can be locked by rotating the front locking nut. The positioning bracket moves along the axial direction of the main shaft to adjust the position and is locked by the front locking nut.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of positioning grooves are provided on the outer surface of the main shaft, and the positioning bracket is arranged in the positioning grooves.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressure plate extending outward is provided at the end of the handle, and the pressure plate is pressed on one end of the positioning bracket to form an interference fit.

[0015] Furthermore, the front locking nut includes a pressing section close to one side of the pressure plate and an internal thread section threadedly connected to the end of the handle. When the front locking nut rotates toward one side of the pressure plate, the pressing section presses against the pressure plate, so that the positioning bracket is clamped between the main shaft surface and the pressure plate, thereby achieving the locking of the positioning bracket.

[0016] Furthermore, when the front locking nut rotates toward the side away from the pressure plate, the clamping force received by the pressure plate is reduced, thereby unlocking the positioning bracket, so that the positioning bracket can be slidably adjusted along the positioning groove and can be aligned with reference to the scale on the main shaft surface.

[0017] Furthermore, one end of a plurality of positioning brackets of different models respectively corresponds to finger-type support parts of different models, thereby dividing the positioning brackets of different models into positioning bracket A, positioning bracket B, positioning bracket C, positioning bracket D, and positioning bracket E.

[0018] Furthermore, when the front locking nut is tightened, positioning bracket A and positioning bracket E can be placed on the anterior upper edge and anterior lower edge of the glenoid, respectively, and positioning bracket B, positioning bracket C and positioning bracket D are placed on the glenoid surface, so that the navigator is properly fixed.

[0019] Furthermore, the diameter of the axial channel in the center of the main shaft is 1 to 3 mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the handle is detachably connected to one end of the main shaft via a rear locking nut.

[0021] Furthermore, the handle is provided with an anti-slip texture;

[0022] Furthermore, the surface of the positioning bracket has markings to facilitate rapid and accurate identification and adjustment of its position during surgery, thereby ensuring consistency with preoperative planning.

[0023] Furthermore, the rear locking nut is arranged at an end of the handle away from the front locking nut.

[0024] Furthermore, the handle is a hollow tube structure, the end of the main shaft is placed in the handle, and the rear locking nut is threadedly connected to the handle, so that the rear locking nut abuts against the end of the main shaft.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention effectively solves the problem of accurate control of the glenoid prosthesis implantation angle during reverse total shoulder arthroplasty through an ingenious structural design consisting of a main shaft, a handle, a front locking nut, a rear locking nut and five positioning brackets that conform to the anatomical structure of the human glenoid. The preoperative planning system is combined with the precise scale of the navigator and the positioning bracket adjustment function to ensure that the intraoperative glenoid prosthesis implantation angle is highly consistent with the preoperative planning, which greatly reduces the risk of complications such as scapula bone destruction, prosthesis loosening and limited joint movement caused by errors in the prosthesis implantation angle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the glenoid navigator used for reverse total shoulder replacement in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glenoid navigator used for reverse total shoulder replacement in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main shaft in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of one of the positioning brackets in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the handle in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a physical example diagram of the width of the end of the positioning bracket in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms and other features not clearly described in this technical solution are all considered to be common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This embodiment provides a glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder replacement, including a spindle 1, a handle 2, a front locking nut 4, and a plurality of positioning brackets 3 of different or identical models. Figures 1 to 5 .

[0036] The surface of the main shaft 1 is provided with scales, wherein the smallest scale is used to adjust the position of the positioning bracket along the axial direction of the main shaft 1, and an axial channel is opened in the center of the main shaft, and the axial channel is used to insert Kirschner wires to locate the position of the glenoid prosthesis. The outer surface of the main shaft 1 is provided with multiple positioning grooves, and the positioning bracket 3 is arranged in the positioning grooves.

[0037] The handle 2 is detachably connected to one end of the main shaft 1. The end of the handle 2 is provided with a pressing plate 5 extending outward, and the pressing plate 5 is pressed on one end of the positioning bracket 3 to form an interference fit.

[0038] The ends of multiple positioning brackets 3 of different or identical models are used to match the normal anatomical structure of the human glenoid cavity. The positioning bracket 3 is detachably arranged on the outer surface of the main shaft 1, and one end of the positioning bracket 3 is placed between the handle 2 and the surface of the main shaft 1, and can be locked by rotating the front locking nut 4. The positioning bracket 3 moves along the axial direction of the main shaft to adjust the position and is locked by the front locking nut 4.

[0039] The front locking nut 4 includes a pressing section 41 close to the side of the pressure plate 5 and an internal thread section 42 threadedly connected to the end of the handle 2. When the front locking nut 4 rotates toward the side of the pressure plate 5, the pressing section 41 presses against the pressure plate 5, so that the positioning bracket 3 is clamped between the surface of the spindle 1 and the pressure plate 5, and the positioning bracket 3 is locked. When the front locking nut 4 rotates toward the side away from the pressure plate 5, the pressing force received by the pressure plate 5 is reduced, and the positioning bracket 3 is unlocked, so that the positioning bracket 3 can slide and adjust along the positioning groove, and can be aligned with reference to the scale on the surface of the spindle 1.

[0040] One ends of the plurality of positioning brackets 3 of different models correspond to the finger-shaped support parts of different models, so that the positioning brackets 3 of different models are divided into positioning bracket A, positioning bracket B, positioning bracket C, positioning bracket D, and positioning bracket E.

[0041] When the front locking nut 4 is tightened, the positioning bracket A and the positioning bracket E can be placed on the anterior upper edge and the anterior lower edge of the glenoid cavity respectively, and the positioning bracket B, the positioning bracket C and the positioning bracket D are placed on the glenoid cavity surface, so that the navigator is properly fixed.

[0042] The diameter of the axial channel in the center of the main shaft is 1 to 3 mm. The handle 2 is detachably connected to one end of the main shaft through the rear locking nut 6. The handle 2 is provided with an anti-slip texture; the surface of the positioning bracket 3 is marked so that its position can be quickly and accurately identified and adjusted during surgery to ensure consistency with the preoperative plan. The rear locking nut 6 is arranged at one end of the handle 2 away from the front locking nut 4. The handle 2 is a hollow tubular structure, and the end of the main shaft 1 is placed in the handle 2, and the rear locking nut 6 is threadedly connected to the handle 2, so that the rear locking nut 6 abuts against the end of the main shaft 1.

[0043] The following is a detailed process of how the components of the present invention cooperate with each other to achieve beneficial effects:

[0044] The synergy between spindle 1 and other components:

[0045] Coordination of scale and positioning bracket 3: The surface of the main shaft 1 is provided with precise scale. Before the operation, the doctor adjusts the position of the positioning bracket 3 precisely by referring to the scale of the main shaft 1 according to the optimal implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis determined by the preoperative planning system. For example, positioning brackets A and E are placed at the anterior superior edge and anterior inferior edge of the glenoid, respectively, and positioning brackets B, C and D are placed on the glenoid surface. The relative position adjustment of different positioning brackets 3 on the main shaft 1 is the basis for achieving precise angle control. Due to the existence of the scale, the doctor can move the positioning bracket 3 with millimeter-level accuracy to ensure that the angle determined by the combination of the positioning bracket 3 is consistent with the preoperative plan, thereby providing an accurate angle reference for the implantation of the glenoid prosthesis and effectively avoiding complications caused by angle errors.

[0046] Coordination of the axial channel and the Kirschner wire: The axial channel in the center of the main shaft 1 is used to insert the Kirschner wire, and its diameter is 1-3mm. This size can not only ensure the stable insertion of the Kirschner wire, but also enable the Kirschner wire to accurately enter the glenoid cavity along the predetermined direction, providing accurate starting direction guidance for subsequent osteotomy, drilling and prosthesis implantation operations. After the positioning bracket 3 is adjusted to the position according to the scale of the main shaft 1, the Kirschner wire is inserted into the glenoid cavity through the axial channel, so that the subsequent surgical operation can be carried out closely around the angle planned before the operation, further ensuring the accuracy of the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis and reducing the surgical risk.

[0047] Coordination between the positioning groove and the positioning bracket 3: The multiple positioning grooves arranged on the outer surface of the main shaft 1 provide a stable installation track for the positioning bracket 3, ensuring that the position of the positioning bracket 3 on the main shaft 1 is more accurate and stable. The positioning bracket 3 is installed in the positioning groove, and is not easy to deviate or rotate when subjected to external forces such as collision and traction during surgery, thereby ensuring the stability of the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis determined based on the positioning bracket 3, so that the surgical operation can be carried out more accurately according to the preoperative plan, reducing the angle error caused by the change in the position of the positioning bracket 3.

[0048] The synergy between handle 2 and other components:

[0049] Stability of connection with the main shaft 1: The handle 2 is detachably connected to one end of the main shaft 1 through the rear locking nut 6, which is screwed on the handle 2 and abuts against the end of the main shaft 1, so that the handle 2 and the main shaft 1 form a stable overall structure. This connection method ensures that there will be no loosening or displacement between the handle 2 and the main shaft 1 during the surgical operation. When the doctor operates the navigator through the handle 2, the hand movement can be accurately transmitted to the main shaft 1 and the positioning bracket 3, ensuring the structural stability of the entire navigator, which helps to achieve precise surgical operations and accurate implantation of the glenoid prosthesis.

[0050] Anti-slip texture and ease of operation: The handle 2 is provided with an anti-slip texture, which allows the doctor to hold the handle 2 more stably and comfortably, reducing the possibility of hand slippage. During the operation, especially when adjusting the position of the positioning bracket 3 and fixing the navigator on the glenoid surface, the anti-slip handle 2 allows the doctor to more accurately control the movement and placement angle of the navigator, ensuring that the positioning bracket 3 can accurately fit the anatomical structure of the glenoid, improving the accuracy and efficiency of the surgical operation, and thus ensuring the accuracy of the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis.

[0051] The cooperation between the pressing plate 5 and the positioning bracket 3: The pressing plate 5 at the end of the handle 2 is pressed against one end of the positioning bracket 3 to form an interference fit. Under the action of the front locking nut 4, the pressure between the pressing plate 5 and the positioning bracket 3 can further fix the position of the positioning bracket 3. When the front locking nut 4 is tightened, the pressing section 41 presses against the pressing plate 5, so that the positioning bracket 3 is clamped between the surface of the main shaft 1 and the pressing plate 5, effectively preventing the positioning bracket 3 from being displaced during the operation, ensuring the stability of the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis determined by the positioning bracket 3, and reducing the risk of surgical errors caused by the movement of the positioning bracket 3.

[0052] In the specific implementation process, the width of the end of the positioning bracket 3 is the key to the model classification, see Figure 6 The corresponding end widths of the positioning bracket 3 are 19 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, and 16 mm, respectively, which can be used to position the navigator at the center of the glenoid cavity of different patients.

[0053] The synergy between the front locking nut 4 and other components:

[0054] The locking mechanism of the positioning bracket 3: the front locking nut 4 includes a pressing section 41 and an internal thread section 42. When rotating toward the side of the pressure plate 5, the pressing section 41 presses against the pressure plate 5, so that the positioning bracket 3 is clamped and fixed. This locking method converts the rotational movement of the thread into pressure on the positioning bracket 3, firmly fixing the positioning bracket 3 on the main shaft 1 to prevent displacement or angle change due to external force during the operation. During the operation, once the positioning bracket 3 is adjusted according to the preoperative plan, the front locking nut 4 can reliably maintain its position unchanged, ensuring the accuracy of the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis, effectively avoiding the angle error caused by the loosening of the positioning bracket 3, and ensuring the safety and success rate of the operation.

[0055] Convenience of unlocking the positioning bracket 3: When the forward locking nut 4 rotates away from the side of the pressure plate 5, the pressing force on the pressure plate 5 is reduced, and the positioning bracket 3 is unlocked. At this time, the positioning bracket 3 can slide and adjust along the positioning groove, and can be aligned with reference to the scale on the surface of the main shaft 1. This flexible locking and unlocking mechanism is convenient for doctors to accurately adjust the position of the positioning bracket 3 according to the preoperative planning data during surgery. During the adjustment process, the doctor can easily move the positioning bracket 3, and then lock it again with the front locking nut 4 to ensure that the positioning bracket 3 is always in the best position to achieve the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis in accordance with the preoperative planning.

[0056] The synergy between the five positioning brackets 3:

[0057] Multi-point support that conforms to the anatomical structure: The five positioning brackets 3, namely A, B, C, D, and E, each have a finger-type support part of a different model, which is used to accurately match the normal anatomical structure of the human glenoid, and provide support and angle control from multiple key positions of the glenoid. For example, positioning brackets A and E are respectively positioned and angle adjusted at the anterior superior edge and anterior inferior edge of the glenoid, and positioning brackets B, C, and D provide more precise angle control and stability support in the direction of the glenoid surface. They work together to form a stable multi-point support structure that can fit the complex curved surface shape of the glenoid tightly and accurately, thereby providing an accurate angle reference for the implantation of the glenoid prosthesis, greatly reducing the risk of complications such as scapula bone destruction, prosthesis loosening, and limited joint movement caused by prosthesis implantation angle errors, and improving the success rate of the operation and the patient's shoulder function recovery effect after surgery.

[0058] Identification and operation accuracy of positioning bracket 3: The surface of positioning bracket 3 is marked. During surgery, doctors can quickly and accurately identify and adjust the position of each positioning bracket 3 to ensure consistency with preoperative planning. This identification design facilitates doctors to quickly find and operate specific positioning brackets 3 in a tense surgical environment, improves the efficiency and accuracy of surgical operations, helps to achieve precise control of the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis, and further ensures the smooth progress of the surgery and good surgical results.

[0059] It can be seen that through the close and coordinated cooperation between the above components, the glenoid navigator of the present invention gives full play to the advantages of its structural design. Combined with the preoperative planning system, it effectively solves the difficult problem of accurate control of the implantation angle of the glenoid prosthesis during reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, and provides strong support and guarantee for the successful implementation of the operation and the good prognosis of the patient.

[0060] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, characterized in that: It comprises a main shaft (1), a handle (2), a front locking nut (4), and a plurality of positioning brackets (3); The main shaft (1) is provided with a scale on its surface, wherein the smallest scale is used to adjust the position of the positioning bracket along the axial direction of the main shaft (1), and an axial hole is opened in the center of the main shaft, wherein the axial hole is used to insert a Kirschner wire to locate the position of the glenoid prosthesis; The handle (2) is detachably connected to one end of the main shaft (1); The ends of the plurality of positioning brackets (3) are used to match the normal anatomical structure of the human glenoid cavity. The positioning brackets (3) are detachably arranged on the outer surface of the main shaft (1). One end of the positioning bracket (3) is placed between the handle (2) and the surface of the main shaft (1) and can be locked by rotating the front locking nut (4). The positioning bracket (3) moves along the axial direction of the main shaft to adjust the position and is locked by the front locking nut (4).

2. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the main shaft (1) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves, and the positioning bracket (3) is arranged in the positioning grooves.

3. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the handle (2) is provided with a pressing plate (5) extending outward, and the pressing plate (5) is pressed on one end of the positioning bracket (3) to form an interference fit.

4. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front locking nut (4) comprises a pressing section (41) close to one side of the pressure plate (5) and an internal thread section (42) threadedly connected to the end of the handle (2); when the front locking nut (4) rotates toward the side of the pressure plate (5), the pressing section (41) presses against the pressure plate (5), so that the positioning bracket (3) is clamped between the surface of the main shaft (1) and the pressure plate (5), thereby achieving locking of the positioning bracket (3).

5. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder replacement according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the front locking nut (4) rotates toward the side away from the pressure plate (5), the pressing force received by the pressure plate (5) is reduced, thereby unlocking the positioning bracket (3), so that the positioning bracket (3) can be slidably adjusted along the positioning groove and can be aligned with reference to the scale on the surface of the main shaft (1).

6. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of a plurality of positioning brackets (3) of different models respectively corresponds to a finger-shaped support portion of different models, thereby dividing the positioning brackets (3) of different models into positioning bracket A, positioning bracket B, positioning bracket C, positioning bracket D, and positioning bracket E.

7. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder replacement according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the front locking nut (4) is tightened, positioning bracket A and positioning bracket E can be placed on the anterior superior edge and anterior inferior edge of the glenoid cavity respectively, and positioning bracket B, positioning bracket C and positioning bracket D are placed on the glenoid cavity surface, so that the navigator is properly fixed.

8. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the axial hole in the center of the main shaft is 1 to 3 mm.

9. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle (2) is detachably connected to one end of the main shaft via a rear locking nut (6); The handle (2) is provided with an anti-slip texture.

10. A glenoid navigator for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rear locking nut (6) is arranged at an end of the handle (2) away from the front locking nut (4). The handle (2) is a hollow tube structure, the end of the main shaft (1) is placed in the handle (2), the rear locking nut (6) is threadedly connected to the handle (2), and the rear locking nut (6) abuts against the end of the main shaft (1).

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