Pumped storage power station development potential evaluation system based on reservoir geographic characteristics

Abstract

The invention discloses a pumped storage power station development potential evaluation system based on reservoir geographic characteristics, and relates to the technical field of pumped storage power station site selection planning, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the dam data and satellite remote sensing topographic data of a built reservoir, and screening the built reservoir as a lower reservoir of the pumped storage power station according to the reservoir capacity; for mountain land and flat land terrains, searching stations around a lower reservoir as an upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station according to the topographic data of the built reservoir dam; estimating the potential reservoir capacity and energy storage capacity of the upper reservoir, and calculating and developing the theoretical potential of the pumped storage power station; and excluding human activity areas, traffic facilities and water limited areas, and calculating and developing the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station. According to the method, technical support is provided for the development mode of the pumped storage power station in which the upper reservoir is additionally built based on the built reservoir in the large spatial scale, the problems that a traditional potential evaluation method is limited by a single terrain and low in efficiency are solved, and sustainable development of the pumped storage power station is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of site selection and planning for pumped storage power stations, and more specifically, to a pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics. Background Art

[0002] Pumped-storage power stations are an important support for ensuring the safety and economic operation of power grids and promoting the large-scale development of new energy. In order to promote the development of pumped-storage power stations, existing studies have evaluated the development potential of pumped-storage power stations within a specific spatial scale, including the construction of two new reservoirs, the use of two existing lakes as upper and lower reservoirs, and the use of rivers, lakes, oceans, etc. as lower reservoirs. However, these construction plans are highly dependent on terrain conditions and geographical locations, and may bring significant environmental impacts. Using existing reservoirs to add upper reservoirs to develop pumped-storage power stations can, to a certain extent, solve the geographical dependence problem of other pumped-storage power station construction plans, reduce environmental impacts, and use existing hydropower transmission equipment to meet the power exchange needs between power stations and power grids, saving investment costs. However, there are currently few studies on this pumped-storage power station development method.

[0003] Deficiencies of existing technologies:

[0004] With the widespread application of geographic information systems (GIS) in natural resource assessment and management, scholars have constructed site selection models based on digital elevation models (DEMs) and GIS, providing scientific basis and theoretical support for the construction potential assessment of pumped-storage power stations. The existing methods for site selection and construction potential assessment of pumped-storage power stations are mainly applicable to flat terrain conditions, ignoring other terrain types, which may lead to an underestimation of the development potential of pumped-storage power stations. In addition, the current research on site selection and construction potential assessment of pumped-storage power stations in my country is mainly concentrated in local areas, lacking a unified scheme for the development potential assessment of pumped-storage power stations applicable to a wider spatial scale. How to propose a site selection and planning method for pumped-storage power stations applicable to different terrain conditions and realize the potential assessment of pumped-storage power stations on a large spatial scale is another technical bottleneck faced by the site selection and planning of pumped-storage power stations.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pumped-storage power station development potential assessment system based on the geographical characteristics of the reservoir, and solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology by proposing a pumped-storage power station site selection planning method suitable for different terrain conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics includes:

[0009] The acquisition module is used to obtain the data of the built reservoir dam and the satellite remote sensing terrain data, and select the built reservoir as the lower reservoir of the pumped storage power station according to the storage capacity; the search module is used to extract the terrain data of the built reservoir dam according to the satellite remote sensing terrain data, and search for the sites around the lower reservoir as the upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station according to the terrain data of the built reservoir dam, and the terrain data includes mountainous terrain and flat terrain; the analysis module is used to estimate the storage capacity and energy storage capacity of the potential upper reservoir, calculate the theoretical potential for developing the pumped storage power station according to the storage capacity and energy storage capacity, and select the site for the upper reservoir according to the theoretical potential; the evaluation module is used to select the site selection points of the marked upper reservoir according to the restricted area, and estimate the operating efficiency and net present value of the pumped storage power station, evaluate the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station according to the operating efficiency and net present value, and determine the best site selection points for the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the specific process of selecting the existing reservoirs as the lower reservoirs of the pumped storage power station according to the storage capacity is as follows: access the technical documents and engineering reports provided by the water conservancy department, download the relevant reservoir information; apply for more detailed engineering data from the management department of the specific reservoir area, obtain the storage capacity information of the existing reservoir dams, screen the storage capacity information of the existing reservoir dams, and select the reservoirs with a storage capacity of ≥ 100 million m 3 The large reservoir is used as the lower reservoir of the pumped storage power station.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the specific steps of extracting the terrain data of the built reservoir dam based on the satellite remote sensing terrain data are as follows: downloading the satellite images and elevation data of the built reservoir dam, using remote sensing image processing software to perform image processing, and extracting the water body and dam body characteristics; using the GIS platform to analyze the elevation data and extract the elevation information of the dam area; combining the geographic coordinates of the reservoir and the satellite image to further determine the location of the reservoir and the dam.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the specific process of searching for sites around the lower reservoir as the upper reservoir of the pumped-storage power station based on the terrain data of the built reservoir dam is as follows: for mountainous terrain, extract drainage lines as preliminary extracted valley lines; simulate the valley area, eliminate drainage lines that do not overlap with the simulated valley area, and further screen the extracted drainage lines to accurately locate the specific position of the valley line; set up a search buffer around the built reservoir, identify the intersection of the buffer interval line and the valley line as a potential pumped-storage upper reservoir construction point; delete the potential pumped water reservoirs in the search buffer that do not meet the minimum drop requirements and height-to-height ratio requirements of the upper and lower reservoirs For the construction site of the upper reservoir of energy storage, other construction sites in the search buffer zone will be regarded as potential upper reservoir construction sites in mountainous terrain. For flat terrain, the search range will be defined according to the potential sites of the built reservoir to form a search buffer zone. By calculating and screening the slope in the buffer zone, the areas in the buffer zone that meet the slope requirements will be preliminarily screened as potential areas for the construction of the upper reservoir. The areas in the buffer zone that meet the minimum area requirements will be screened as potential upper reservoir construction areas. The potential pumped storage upper reservoir construction sites that do not meet the minimum drop requirements and distance-to-height ratio requirements of the upper and lower reservoirs in the search buffer zone will be deleted, and other construction sites in the search buffer zone will be regarded as potential upper reservoir construction sites in flat terrain.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the specific steps for selecting a site for the upper reservoir based on the theoretical potential are as follows: the theoretical potential is compared and analyzed with a preset safety threshold; if the theoretical potential is greater than the preset safety threshold, the area is marked as a site selection point for the upper reservoir; if the theoretical potential is less than the preset safety threshold, the area is marked as a non-site selection point for the upper reservoir.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the step of screening the marked upper reservoir site selection points according to the restricted area is as follows: inputting the human activity area, world cultural heritage, existing transportation facilities, and water surface coverage data into the site selection model; setting buffer zones around the human activity area, world cultural heritage, and existing transportation facilities, respectively, and deleting potential upper reservoir site selection points that overlap with the search buffer zone positions.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the steps of evaluating the achievable potential of a pumped-storage power station based on operating efficiency and net present value are as follows: defining operating efficiency and net present value as input variables, and dividing them into different fuzzy sets respectively; defining the achievable potential of the pumped-storage power station as output variables, and dividing them into fuzzy sets; formulating fuzzy rules to describe the influence of operating efficiency and net present value on the achievable potential of the pumped-storage power station; performing fuzzy reasoning based on the fuzzy rules to determine the achievable potential of the pumped-storage power station; the process of determining the optimal site selection points for the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir is as follows: comparing the achievable potential with a preset threshold value, when the achievable potential is less than the preset threshold value, the achievable potential of the pumped-storage power station is not good; when the achievable potential is greater than the preset threshold value, the achievable potential of the pumped-storage power station is good, and the site selection points corresponding to the pumped-storage power station are used as the site selection points for the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of the pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. With regard to existing methods for constructing pumped-storage power stations, such as building two new reservoirs, using lakes as upper and lower reservoirs, using rivers, lakes, oceans, etc. as lower reservoirs, there are problems such as being highly dependent on terrain conditions and geographical locations, and may bring significant environmental impacts. The present invention proposes a potential assessment method for developing pumped-storage power stations based on existing reservoirs, aiming to solve the problems of geographical dependence and environmental impacts in other methods for constructing pumped-storage power stations, and can also utilize existing resources such as hydropower transmission channels to reduce investment costs.

[0018] 2. The existing potential assessment methods for pumped-storage power stations are mainly applicable to flat terrain conditions, and there is a lack of large-scale spatial-scale potential assessment research on the pumped-storage development mode that relies on the construction of an upper reservoir to an existing reservoir. Based on GIS technology, the present invention proposes a large-scale pumped-storage power station potential assessment method suitable for mountainous and flat terrain conditions, which can realize the site selection and capacity assessment calculation of pumped-storage power stations under different terrain conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on the geographical characteristics of the reservoir according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1, Figure 1 The invention provides a pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics.

[0022] The acquisition module is used to obtain the data of the built reservoir dam and satellite remote sensing terrain data, and select the built reservoir as the lower reservoir of the pumped storage power station according to the storage capacity;

[0023] The specific steps of obtaining the built reservoir dam data are as follows:

[0024] Obtain reservoir information through public data interfaces and databases released by the government (such as open government data portals);

[0025] Access technical documents and engineering reports provided by water conservancy departments or relevant engineering companies, and download relevant reservoir information;

[0026] Apply for more detailed engineering data from the management department (such as the Water Conservancy Bureau) of the specific reservoir area to obtain reservoir dam data;

[0027] The specific steps of obtaining satellite remote sensing terrain data are as follows:

[0028] Download the required satellite images and elevation data, use remote sensing image processing software to process the images, and extract features such as water bodies and dam bodies;

[0029] Use GIS platform digital elevation data to analyze and extract elevation information of the dam area;

[0030] Combine the reservoir's geographic coordinates with satellite images to further accurately determine the location of the reservoir and dam.

[0031] Pumped storage power stations are composed of upper reservoirs, lower reservoirs, hydropower stations, energy storage pumping stations, etc. Since small reservoirs are mainly responsible for agricultural irrigation, urban water supply, flood control and disaster reduction, etc., the existing reservoir dams with a storage capacity of ≥ 100 million m 3 Large reservoirs are used as candidate sites for the lower reservoirs of pumped storage power stations;

[0032] A search module, for extracting terrain data of a built reservoir dam according to satellite remote sensing terrain data, and searching for sites around the lower reservoir as the upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station according to the terrain data of the built reservoir dam, wherein the terrain data includes mountainous terrain and flat terrain;

[0033] Using satellite remote sensing terrain data to extract terrain data of the area where the reservoir is located;

[0034] For mountainous terrain, search for suitable sites in the valley around the lower reservoir and build a new reservoir as the upper reservoir by constructing a dam; for flat terrain, search for "pocket-shaped" depressions or small basins in the relatively flat areas around the lower reservoir as the upper reservoir;

[0035] The method for selecting a reservoir site for a pumped storage power station in mountainous terrain includes the following steps:

[0036] 1) Extract drainage lines: Valley lines can effectively guide the flow direction of surface water. Therefore, the “Hydrology Toolset” in ArcGIS can be used to extract drainage lines as preliminary valley lines. Satellite remote sensing terrain data is used as the input parameter of the “Flow Direction Tool” to calculate the direction of water outflow from each grid. The output flow direction grid data is used as the input data of the “Flow Tool” to calculate the cumulative flow into each output grid. The grids whose cumulative flow reaches the flow threshold are extracted to form drainage lines. In the process of screening potential regional drainage lines, a lower flow threshold is set to optimize the calculation, so as to maximize the extraction of drainage lines close to the mountain top area.

[0037] 2) Simulate valley areas: In the process of extracting drainage lines, due to setting a lower flow threshold to optimize the calculation, some drainage lines may fail to accurately reflect the valley lines in the actual terrain. Usually, the distance between two adjacent ridge lines is greater than 1.5km, and the valley depth is greater than 70m. Therefore, use the "Focal Statistics Tool" in ArcG IS to set the neighborhood to a circular area with a radius of 750m, and smooth the satellite remote sensing terrain data; subtract the smoothed data from the original satellite remote sensing terrain data, extract the area with a depth greater than 70m as the simulated valley area, eliminate the drainage lines that do not overlap with the simulated valley area, and further screen the extracted drainage lines to accurately locate the specific position of the valley line;

[0038] 3) Generate potential sites: Set a search buffer around the built reservoir, define the built reservoir location as the center and 5km as the radius. Use the "Multi-ring Buffer Tool" in ArcGIS, with 500m as the buffer interval, to identify the intersection of the buffer interval line and the valley line as the potential pumped storage upper reservoir construction site;

[0039] 4) Screening of head and distance-to-height ratio: According to the current mainstream machine conditions in China, the head difference between the upper and lower reservoirs of a pumped-storage power station is usually 300-700m; the distance-to-height ratio refers to the ratio of the horizontal distance to the vertical height between the upper and lower reservoirs of a pumped-storage power station. Considering the terrain conditions, water delivery system and the layout of the underground main powerhouse, it is generally designed to be between 3-10. In order to search for as many potential locations as possible, the minimum head difference between the built reservoir and the potential site is set to 300m, and the potential site with a head difference of less than 300m between the upper and lower reservoirs in the search buffer is deleted. The horizontal distance and vertical height between each potential pumped-storage upper reservoir site and the corresponding lower reservoir are calculated, and the potential site that does not meet the distance-to-height ratio requirements in the search area are deleted.

[0040] The method for selecting a reservoir site for a pumped storage power station on flat terrain includes the following steps:

[0041] 1) Define the search range: In order to search for potential sites within 5 km of the built reservoir, the “buffer tool” in ArcGIS was used to define a circular range with the built reservoir location as the center and a radius of 5 km as the search buffer.

[0042] 2) Slope screening: According to the relevant regulations of the Geomorphological Survey and Geomorphological Cartography Commission of the International Geographical Union, the slope level can be divided according to the following standards: 0-0.5° is a plain, 0.5°-2° is a slope, and 2°-5° is a gentle slope. Because it is difficult to build a reservoir at a reservoir center with a large slope during actual construction, the upper limit of the reservoir site slope is set to 5°. By calculating and screening the slope in the buffer zone, the area with a slope between 0° and 5° is preliminarily defined as a potential area for the construction of the upper reservoir.

[0043] 3) Area screening: Slope screening alone is not enough to determine the potential site location, and the needs of dam construction and other civil engineering must be considered. Considering that deep reservoirs are mostly located in river valleys, it is assumed that the area of ​​the reservoir will need to be at least 50,000m 2 In order to meet the needs of dam construction and other civil engineering, an additional 20,000m 2 Therefore, for the potential new reservoir area, 70000m 2 As the minimum area restriction condition, areas within the buffer zone that meet the minimum area requirement are screened as potential upper reservoir construction areas.

[0044] 4) Screening of head and height-to-distance ratio: To evaluate the potential area of ​​the upper reservoir, the average elevation of the potential area of ​​the upper reservoir is calculated and compared with the elevation of the built reservoir. Potential site areas in the buffer zone that meet the requirements of a minimum head difference of 300m between the upper and lower reservoirs and a height-to-distance ratio of 3-10 are screened.

[0045] The analysis module is used to estimate the storage capacity and energy storage capacity of the potential upper reservoir, calculate the theoretical potential for developing a pumped storage power station based on the storage capacity and energy storage capacity, and select the site for the upper reservoir based on the theoretical potential;

[0046] 1) Reservoir capacity estimation:

[0047] For mountainous terrain, the calculation of reservoir capacity needs to take into account factors such as the length, width, and depth of the dam to be built. The reservoir capacity estimation formula is as follows: Where V is the upper reservoir capacity, m 3 ; a is the maximum width of the reservoir, m; d is the maximum depth of the reservoir, m; is the maximum length of the reservoir, m; θ is the average slope of the valley line, °;

[0048] For flat terrain, the upper reservoir capacity was calculated using the “surface volume tool” in ArcGIS software.

[0049] 2) Energy storage capacity estimation: There may be two or more candidate sites for the construction of the upper reservoir in the lower reservoir. In this case, the candidate site with the largest storage capacity will be selected as the best potential site for the upper reservoir, and the theoretical potential for developing a pumped storage power station will be calculated. The energy storage capacity of a pumped storage power station depends on the potential hydraulic energy available in the upper reservoir. The energy storage capacity estimation formula is as follows: E = ρghVμ; where E is the energy storage capacity, J; ρ is the density of water, 1000kg / m 3 ; g is the acceleration of gravity, 9.8m / s2; h is the height difference between the upper and lower reservoirs, m; V is the storage capacity of the upper reservoir, m 3 ;μ is the power generation efficiency, 90%;

[0050] The specific calculation formula for calculating the theoretical potential of developing a pumped storage power station based on the reservoir capacity and energy storage capacity is as follows: L = μ1V + μ2E; where L is the theoretical potential of the energy storage power station, V is the upper reservoir capacity, μ1 is the upper reservoir capacity weight factor, E is the energy storage capacity, and μ2 is the energy storage capacity weight factor;

[0051] The specific steps for selecting the site of the upper reservoir based on theoretical potential are as follows:

[0052] The theoretical potential is compared and analyzed with the preset safety threshold. If the theoretical potential is greater than the preset safety threshold, the area is marked as the site selection point of the upper reservoir. If the theoretical potential is less than the preset safety threshold, the area is marked as a non-site selection point of the upper reservoir.

[0053] The evaluation module is used to screen the site selection points of the marked upper reservoir according to the restricted area, estimate the operating efficiency and net present value of the pumped storage power station, evaluate the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station based on the operating efficiency and net present value, and determine the best site selection points for the upper and lower reservoirs.

[0054] The steps of screening the site selection points of the marked upper reservoir according to the restricted area are as follows:

[0055] In order to minimize the impact of potential upper reservoir sites on the operation of existing hydropower facilities and the surrounding environment of human activity areas, world cultural heritage sites, existing transportation facilities, rivers, lakes and other water bodies, the surface coverage data of human activity areas, world cultural heritage sites, existing transportation facilities, water bodies and other land use were input into the site selection model, and buffer zones with radii of 500m, 5km and 200m were set around human activity areas, world cultural heritage sites and existing transportation facilities, respectively, and potential upper reservoir site selection points overlapping with buffer zone locations were deleted; potential pumped storage upper reservoir site selection points located on water bodies such as rivers and lakes were deleted during the site selection process;

[0056] The specific process of obtaining the net present value of the pumped storage power station is as follows:

[0057] Determine the initial investment cost: The initial investment includes all start-up costs such as project planning, design, construction, equipment procurement, land costs, environmental impact assessment, etc.;

[0058] It is necessary to clarify the phased expenditure of the investment, such as the expenditure arrangement during the construction period, which is usually carried out on an annual basis;

[0059] Predicting future cash flows: Income stream: The income of pumped storage power stations mainly comes from electricity sales, including profits from the difference between peak and valley electricity prices. It is necessary to make predictions based on the electricity price trend in the electricity market, the project's power generation capacity, power generation forecasts (such as the mode of water storage and power generation during the day and night), and power sales contracts. Operating costs: including daily maintenance, personnel costs, equipment depreciation, management costs, etc. It is also necessary to consider the costs of water source use and environmental management;

[0060] Choose a discount rate (weighted average cost of capital, WACC): The discount rate is the interest rate used to convert future cash flows to present value. Usually, the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is chosen as the discount rate, which is the average cost of capital borne by the enterprise for financing. WACC combines the cost of debt and the cost of equity, reflecting the capital cost level of the project.

[0061] The specific calculation formula of the net present value is as follows: Where N is the net present value, C t is the net cash flow in year t, r is the discount rate, n is the life cycle of the project, and I0 is the initial investment cost;

[0062] The operation efficiency calculation process is as follows:

[0063] First, the pumping efficiency of the pumped storage power station is obtained. The pumping efficiency refers to the effective utilization efficiency of power input and pumped water volume during the water storage stage, which is usually related to the mechanical efficiency and motor efficiency of the pump.

[0064] The power generation efficiency of a pumped storage power station refers to the efficiency of converting the potential energy of water into electrical energy during the power generation process of the turbine, which is usually affected by the mechanical efficiency and electrical efficiency of the turbine and generator;

[0065] The operating efficiency can be expressed by the product of the two: Where H is the pumping head, Q1 is the pumping flow, ρ is the water density, g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the power generation head, Q2 is the power generation capacity, and P is in is the input power, P out is the output power, is the pumping efficiency, is the power generation efficiency;

[0066] The steps for evaluating the realizable potential of a pumped storage power plant based on operating performance and net present value are as follows:

[0067] In step C1, the operating efficiency and the net present value are defined as input variables, and they are divided into different fuzzy sets.

[0068] For example, "Low", "Medium", "High" for operating performance, "Low", "Medium", "High" for net present value.

[0069] Step C2, define the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station as the output variable, and divide it into fuzzy sets, for example, "Low", "High", for the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station.

[0070] Step C3, formulate a set of fuzzy rules to describe the impact of different input variables on output variables. The definition of rules can be based on professional knowledge or obtained through data analysis and experiments. For example:

[0071] Mark the performance as The net present value is marked as N, and the realizable potential of the pumped storage power station is marked as W, then we can define

[0072] ...

[0074] Step C4, fuzzy reasoning is performed according to fuzzy rules to determine the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station.

[0075] It should be noted that the division of fuzzy sets can be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, although this embodiment takes three fuzzy sets as examples, in fact, the operating efficiency and net present value and the achievable potential of the pumped-storage power station can be divided into more than three sets to facilitate better precise adjustment.

[0076] Furthermore, for the judgment of the achievable potential of the pumped-storage power station, a threshold value can be set according to the actual situation. For example, when the operating efficiency exceeds 0.6, it is marked as "High", and when the net present value is higher than 2000, it is marked as "High", etc., which will not be elaborated here.

[0077] The process of determining the best site for the upper reservoir is as follows:

[0078] Compare W with a preset threshold value. When W is less than the preset threshold value, the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station is not good.

[0079] When W is greater than the preset threshold, the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station is good, and the site selection point corresponding to the pumped storage power station is used as the site selection point of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir;

[0080] When W is greater than the preset threshold, the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station is good, and the site selection point corresponding to the pumped storage power station is used as the site selection point of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir;

[0081] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0082] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0083] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0084] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0085] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0086] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics, characterized by: include: The acquisition module is used to obtain the data of the built reservoir dam and satellite remote sensing terrain data, and select the built reservoir as the lower reservoir of the pumped storage power station according to the storage capacity; A search module, for extracting terrain data of a built reservoir dam according to satellite remote sensing terrain data, and searching for sites around the lower reservoir as the upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station according to the terrain data of the built reservoir dam, wherein the terrain data includes mountainous terrain and flat terrain; The analysis module is used to estimate the storage capacity and energy storage capacity of the potential upper reservoir, calculate the theoretical potential for developing a pumped storage power station based on the storage capacity and energy storage capacity, and select the site for the upper reservoir based on the theoretical potential; The evaluation module is used to screen the site selection points of the marked upper reservoir according to the restricted area, estimate the operating efficiency and net present value of the pumped storage power station, evaluate the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station based on the operating efficiency and net present value, and determine the best site selection points for the upper and lower reservoirs.

2. The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific process of selecting an existing reservoir as the lower reservoir of a pumped storage power station according to the storage capacity is as follows: Access technical documents and engineering reports provided by water conservancy departments and download relevant reservoir information; Apply for more detailed engineering data from the management department of the specific reservoir area and obtain the storage capacity information of the built reservoir dam; The storage capacity information of the built reservoirs and dams was screened, and the storage capacity ≥ 100 million m 3 The large reservoir is used as the lower reservoir of the pumped storage power station.

3. The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The specific steps of extracting the terrain data of the built reservoir dam based on satellite remote sensing terrain data are as follows: Download satellite images and elevation data of existing reservoirs and dams, use remote sensing image processing software to process the images, and extract water and dam features; Use GIS platform to analyze elevation data and extract elevation information of dam area; Combine the reservoir's geographic coordinates with satellite images to further determine the location of the reservoir and dam.

4. The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific process of searching for sites around the lower reservoir as the upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station based on the terrain data of the built reservoir dam is as follows: For mountainous terrain, drainage lines are extracted as preliminary valley lines; Simulate the valley area, remove the drainage lines that do not overlap with the simulated valley area, and further screen the extracted drainage lines to accurately locate the specific location of the valley lines; Set up a search buffer around the existing reservoirs and identify the intersection of the buffer interval line and the valley line as potential pumped storage upper reservoir construction sites; Delete the potential upper pumped storage reservoir construction points in the search buffer that do not meet the minimum drop requirements and distance-to-height ratio requirements between the upper and lower reservoirs, and use other construction points in the search buffer as potential upper reservoir construction points in mountainous terrain; For flat terrain, the search range is defined based on the potential sites of built reservoirs to form a search buffer zone; By calculating and screening the slope in the buffer zone, the areas that meet the slope requirements in the buffer zone are preliminarily screened as potential areas for the construction of the upper reservoir; Screening areas within the buffer zone that meet the minimum area requirements as potential upper reservoir construction areas; Delete the potential pumped storage upper reservoir construction points in the search buffer that do not meet the minimum head difference requirements and distance-to-height ratio requirements between the upper and lower reservoirs, and use other construction points in the search buffer as potential upper reservoir construction points on flat terrain.

5. The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method for obtaining the storage capacity and energy storage capacity of the potential upper reservoir is as follows: For mountainous terrain, the reservoir capacity estimation formula is as follows: Where V is the upper reservoir capacity; a is the maximum width of the reservoir; d is the maximum depth of the reservoir; is the maximum length of the reservoir, m; θ is the average slope of the valley line; for flat terrain, the upper reservoir capacity is calculated using the "surface volume tool" in ArcGIS software; The calculation process of the energy storage capacity of the potential upper reservoir is as follows: E=ρghVμ; where E is the energy storage capacity; ρ is the density of water; g is the acceleration of gravity; h is the height difference between the upper and lower reservoirs; V is the storage capacity of the upper reservoir; and μ is the power generation efficiency.

6. The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The specific calculation formula of the theoretical potential of the pumped storage power station is as follows: L=μ1V+μ2E; wherein L is the theoretical potential of the energy storage power station, V is the storage capacity of the upper reservoir, μ1 is the weight factor of the storage capacity of the upper reservoir, E is the energy storage capacity, and μ2 is the energy storage capacity weight factor; The specific steps for selecting the site of the upper reservoir based on theoretical potential are as follows: The theoretical potential is compared and analyzed with the preset safety threshold. If the theoretical potential is greater than the preset safety threshold, the area is marked as the site selection point of the upper reservoir. If the theoretical potential is less than the preset safety threshold, the area is marked as a non-site selection point of the upper reservoir.

7. The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The steps of screening the site selection points of the marked upper reservoir according to the restricted area are as follows: Input data on human activity areas, world cultural heritage sites, existing transportation facilities, and water surface cover into the site selection model; Buffer zones were set up around human activity areas, world cultural heritage sites, and existing transportation facilities, and potential upper reservoir site locations that overlapped with the search buffer zones were deleted.

8. The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific calculation formula of the operating efficiency is as follows: Where H is the pumping head, Q1 is the pumping flow, ρ is the water density, g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the power generation head, Q2 is the power generation capacity, and P is in is the input power, P out is the output power, is the pumping efficiency, is the power generation efficiency.

9. The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific calculation formula of the net present value is as follows: Where N is the net present value, C t is the net cash flow in year t, r is the discount rate, n is the life cycle of the project, and I0 is the initial investment cost.

10. The pumped storage power station development potential assessment system based on reservoir geographical characteristics according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps for evaluating the achievable potential of a pumped storage power plant based on operating performance and net present value are as follows: Operational efficiency and net present value are defined as input variables and divided into different fuzzy sets respectively; The achievable potential of a pumped storage power plant is defined as the output variable and divided into fuzzy sets; Develop fuzzy rules to describe the impact of operating performance and net present value on the achievable potential of pumped storage power plants; Fuzzy reasoning based on fuzzy rules is used to determine the achievable potential of pumped storage power plants; The process of determining the best site selection points for the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir is as follows: The achievable potential is compared with a preset threshold value, and when the achievable potential is less than the preset threshold value, the achievable potential of the pumped storage power station is not good; When the achievable potential is greater than a preset threshold, the achievable potential of the pumped-storage power station is good, and the site selection point corresponding to the pumped-storage power station is used as the site selection point of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir.

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