Fuel cell system starting control method and device and fuel cell system

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell system start-up control method and device and a fuel cell system.The method comprises the steps that after the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction, a fuel cell in the fuel cell system is controlled to generate potential through preset gas supply parameters, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is obtained; when the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold value, controlling the fuel cell system to carry out current load pulling by utilizing a preset current load pulling parameter, and monitoring the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell in the current load pulling process in real time; when it is monitored that the average voltage is always higher than a preset second threshold value in the current load pulling process, the fuel cell system is controlled to be started by using preset starting parameters; according to the method, when the fuel cell system is started, whether the potential of the fuel cell can be rapidly reduced or not is tested by using the current load pulling parameter, so that the water content condition in the electric pile is confirmed, the action of additionally and manually adding water into a humidifier is avoided, and the user experience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell startup control, and in particular to a fuel cell system startup control method, equipment and a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell system is an energy device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. During operation, it consumes hydrogen and oxygen to produce an electrochemical reaction, ultimately generating electricity, water, and heat. The core component that performs the electrochemical reaction is the fuel cell. While the electrochemical reaction occurs inside the fuel cell, water molecules caused by electromigration move from the anode side to the cathode side. This phenomenon causes the anode side to continue to lose water, while the cathode side continues to receive water that has migrated and water produced by the electrochemical reaction, resulting in a large water concentration difference between the yin and yang sides. Water molecules will penetrate from the cathode side with a higher concentration to the anode side with a lower concentration. In actual scenarios, the water migration process cannot balance the water loss on the anode side caused by electromigration. As the anode side continues to lose water, the electrochemical reaction inside the fuel cell will proceed more and more slowly, and eventually cannot proceed.

[0003] In the prior art fuel cell system, a humidifier is set up to humidify the oxygen, and the water in the humidifier comes from the water generated during the power generation process of the fuel cell. If the fuel cell cannot produce enough electrochemical reactions, the humidifier will not have enough water to humidify the oxygen; if the fuel cell system has been working at high temperature for a long time, causing the inside of the fuel cell to be very dry, the fuel cell system will not be able to work normally after completing the startup process.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, in the prior art, a certain amount of water is manually added to the humidifier to humidify the oxygen. However, the process of manually adding water is not only poor in experience, but also difficult to control the amount of water. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system startup control method, device and fuel cell system. When the fuel cell system is started, the method uses the current load parameter to test whether the potential of the fuel cell will drop rapidly, thereby confirming the water content in the fuel cell stack and executing the corresponding startup control logic to avoid directly terminating the system startup process when the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is too dry, and at the same time avoid the additional manual addition of water in the humidifier, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the background technology.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell system startup control method, the method comprising:

[0007] After receiving the power-on command, the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system controls the fuel cell in the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential using the preset gas supply parameters, and obtains the average voltage of the fuel cell using the electric potential;

[0008] When the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold, the fuel cell system is controlled to perform current loading using preset current loading parameters, and the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process is monitored in real time; wherein the current loading parameters include at least: a target loading rate and a target current density;

[0009] When it is monitored that the average voltage is always higher than a preset second threshold value during the current loading process, the preset startup parameters are used to control the fuel cell system to complete startup; wherein the second threshold value is less than the first threshold value.

[0010] In one embodiment, when it is monitored that the average voltage is not higher than a preset second threshold value during the current loading process, the method further includes:

[0011] Using the preset pause parameters to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and monitor the average voltage of the fuel cell in real time;

[0012] When it is monitored that the average voltage reaches the first threshold again, the current loading parameter is used again to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading.

[0013] In one embodiment, the fuel cell system startup control method further includes:

[0014] Real-time monitoring of the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process, and determining whether the average voltage is always higher than the second threshold value during the current loading process;

[0015] If yes, the startup parameters are used to control the fuel cell system to complete the startup.

[0016] In one embodiment, when it is monitored that the average voltage is not higher than a preset second threshold value during the current loading process, the fuel cell system startup control method further includes:

[0017] Obtaining the real-time potential generated by the fuel cell after the fuel cell system is current-loaded, and determining whether the rate of decrease of the real-time potential is greater than a decrease threshold;

[0018] If yes, the pause parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is monitored in real time.

[0019] In one embodiment, the fuel cell system startup control method further includes:

[0020] Real-time monitoring of the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process, and determining whether the average voltage is always higher than the second threshold value during the current loading process;

[0021] If not, after accumulating the preset number of cycles according to the preset step length, the pause parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is monitored again.

[0022] In one embodiment, the fuel cell system startup control method further includes:

[0023] When it is monitored that the number of cycles is greater than a preset cycle threshold, the current loading parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading.

[0024] In one embodiment, the fuel cell system is controlled to perform current loading using preset current loading parameters, and the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process is monitored in real time, including:

[0025] Obtaining a preset target loading rate and a target current density, and determining the target loading rate and the target current density as current loading parameters;

[0026] Sending the current loading parameter to the DC converter of the fuel cell system, and controlling the DC converter to load the current according to the current loading parameter;

[0027] The potential generated by the fuel cell system during the current loading process is acquired in real time, and the potential is used to monitor the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process.

[0028] In one embodiment, the fuel cell system startup control method further includes:

[0029] The cell voltage of the fuel cell is monitored in real time; if the cell voltage is monitored to be less than a preset voltage threshold, the preset shutdown parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to enter a shutdown state; wherein the voltage threshold is less than a first threshold.

[0030] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fuel cell system startup control device, the device comprising:

[0031] A first control module, for controlling the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential by using a preset gas supply parameter after receiving a power-on instruction, and obtaining an average voltage of the fuel cell by using the electric potential;

[0032] A second control module is used to control the fuel cell system to load current using preset current load parameters when the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold value, and to monitor in real time the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current load process; wherein the current load parameters at least include: a target load rate and a target current density;

[0033] The third control module is used to control the fuel cell system to start up using preset startup parameters when it is monitored that the average voltage is always higher than a preset second threshold during the current loading process; wherein the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.

[0034] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fuel cell system, which, during a startup control process, adopts the fuel cell system startup control method mentioned in the first aspect.

[0035] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the computer executable instructions to implement the steps of the fuel cell system startup control method provided in the first aspect.

[0036] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium storing computer executable instructions. When the computer executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, the computer executable instructions prompt the processor to implement the steps of the fuel cell system startup control method provided in the first aspect.

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention provide a fuel cell system startup control method, device and fuel cell system. In the process of controlling the startup of the fuel cell system, after the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system receives the startup instruction, the fuel cell controller is controlled to use the preset gas supply parameters to control the fuel cell in the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential, and use the electric potential to obtain the average voltage of the fuel cell; when the average voltage reaches the preset first threshold, the preset current load parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to load the current, and the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current load process is monitored in real time; wherein the current load parameter at least includes: a target load rate and a target current density; when it is monitored that the average voltage is always higher than the preset second threshold during the current load process, the preset startup parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to complete the startup; wherein the second threshold is less than the first threshold. When the fuel cell system is started, the method uses the current load parameter to test whether the electric potential of the fuel cell will drop rapidly, thereby confirming the water content in the stack, and executing the corresponding startup control logic, avoiding the direct termination of the system startup process when the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is too dry, and avoiding the additional manual water addition in the humidifier, thereby improving the user experience.

[0038] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 A flow chart of a first fuel cell system startup control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A flow chart of a second fuel cell system startup control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 A flowchart of a third fuel cell system startup control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 A flow chart of a fuel cell system startup control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the average voltage is not higher than a preset second threshold;

[0045] Figure 5 A flowchart of a fourth fuel cell system startup control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 A flowchart of a fuel cell system startup control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, using a preset current loading parameter to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading, and real-time monitoring of the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process;

[0047] Figure 7 A flowchart of a fourth fuel cell system startup control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first fuel cell system startup control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second fuel cell system startup control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third fuel cell system startup control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] icon:

[0053] 810 - first control module; 820 - second control module; 830 - third control module; 840 - fourth control module; 850 - fifth control module;

[0054] 101 - processor; 102 - memory; 103 - bus; 104 - communication interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in combination with the embodiments below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] A fuel cell system is an energy device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. During operation, it consumes hydrogen and oxygen to produce an electrochemical reaction, ultimately generating electricity, water, and heat. The core component that performs the electrochemical reaction is the fuel cell. While the electrochemical reaction occurs inside the fuel cell, water molecules caused by electromigration move from the anode side to the cathode side. This phenomenon causes the anode side to continue to lose water, while the cathode side continues to receive water that has migrated and water produced by the electrochemical reaction, resulting in a large water concentration difference between the yin and yang sides. Water molecules will penetrate from the cathode side with a higher concentration to the anode side with a lower concentration. In actual scenarios, the water migration process cannot balance the water loss on the anode side caused by electromigration. As the anode side continues to lose water, the electrochemical reaction inside the fuel cell will proceed more and more slowly, and eventually cannot proceed.

[0057] In the prior art fuel cell system, a humidifier is provided to humidify the oxygen, and the water in the humidifier comes from the water generated during the power generation process of the fuel cell. If the fuel cell cannot produce enough electrochemical reactions, the humidifier at this time does not have enough water to humidify the oxygen; if the fuel cell system has been working at high temperature for a long time, the inside of the fuel cell is very dry, and the fuel cell system cannot work normally after completing the startup process. In order to solve the above problems, a certain amount of water is manually added to the humidifier in the prior art to humidify the oxygen. However, the process of manually adding water is not only poor in experience, but also difficult to grasp the amount of water. Based on this, the present invention implements a fuel cell system startup control method, system and fuel cell system, which uses the current load parameter to test whether the potential of the fuel cell will drop rapidly when the fuel cell system is started, thereby confirming the water content in the stack, and executing the corresponding startup control logic, avoiding the direct termination of the system startup process when the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is too dry, and avoiding the additional manual water addition in the humidifier, thereby improving the user experience.

[0058] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, a fuel cell system startup control method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is first described in detail. Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0059] Step S101 , after receiving a power-on instruction, the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system controls the fuel cell in the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential using preset gas supply parameters, and obtains an average voltage of the fuel cell using the electric potential.

[0060] Specifically, after the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system receives the power-on command, it needs to supply hydrogen and oxygen to the fuel cell. After the hydrogen and oxygen are supplied, an electrochemical reaction will occur inside the fuel cell under the action of the catalyst, thereby generating a certain potential, and then obtaining the average voltage output by the fuel cell. Specifically, using a pre-set reference potential, the potential difference between the potential of the electrochemical reaction and the reference potential can be obtained, thereby obtaining the voltage value corresponding to the potential. On this basis, by obtaining the average value of all voltage values ​​within a preset time period, the average voltage output by the fuel cell can be obtained.

[0061] Step S102, when the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold, the fuel cell system is controlled to perform current loading using preset current loading parameters, and the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process is monitored in real time; wherein the current loading parameters include at least: a target loading rate and a target current density.

[0062] When the average voltage output by the fuel cell reaches the preset first threshold value, it indicates that the startup process is initially completed. Under normal circumstances, the fuel cell system at this time can quickly perform electrochemical reactions to meet the needs of the fuel cell system to generate electricity externally. However, when the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell is very dry, if the fuel cell system rashly generates electricity externally, it will cause the potential of the fuel cell to drop rapidly, thereby failing to complete the normal power generation process. Therefore, in this step, the output potential of the fuel cell system is controlled by using a preset current load parameter to test whether the potential of the fuel cell will drop rapidly. In the specific implementation process, the target load rate can be used to load to the target density. Since the current load process is that the fuel cell system outputs current to the outside to provide it to the relevant load, the potential output by the fuel cell system must decrease, and the corresponding average voltage will also decrease. By monitoring the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell in the current load process in real time during the load process, and using the size of the average voltage to test whether the potential of the fuel cell drops rapidly.

[0063] Step S103, when it is monitored that the average voltage is always higher than a preset second threshold value during the current loading process, the preset startup parameters are used to control the fuel cell system to complete startup; wherein the second threshold value is smaller than the first threshold value.

[0064] The second threshold represents the degree of potential drop. When the average voltage is always higher than the second threshold during the current loading process, it indicates that the potential of the fuel cell will not drop rapidly, which indirectly indicates that the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is not in an overly dry state. At this time, the normal startup process is executed, and the preset startup parameters are used to control the fuel cell system to output the corresponding current value.

[0065] In one embodiment, Figure 2 The flowchart of the second fuel cell system startup control method shown includes:

[0066] Step S201, after receiving the power-on instruction, the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system controls the fuel cell in the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential using a preset gas supply parameter, and obtains an average voltage of the fuel cell using the electric potential;

[0067] Step S202, when the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold, using preset current loading parameters to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading, and monitoring the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process in real time; wherein the current loading parameters at least include: a target loading rate and a target current density;

[0068] Step S203, when it is monitored that the average voltage is not higher than a preset second threshold value during the current loading process, the preset pause parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is monitored in real time;

[0069] Step S204: when it is monitored that the average voltage reaches the first threshold again, the current loading parameter is used again to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading.

[0070] When it is monitored that the average voltage is not higher than the second threshold value during the current loading process, it indicates that the potential of the fuel cell has dropped rapidly, which indirectly indicates that the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is in an overly dry state. At this time, the preset pause parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to stop outputting the first current value. Since the fuel cell system stops loading, the potential of the fuel cell will increase until the corresponding average voltage returns to the first threshold value, and the current loading parameter is used again to control the fuel cell system to load the current.

[0071] After the current loading parameters are used to control the fuel cell system to load the current again, the specific Figure 3 The third fuel cell system startup control method shown includes:

[0072] Step S301, after receiving the power-on instruction, the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system controls the fuel cell in the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential using a preset gas supply parameter, and obtains an average voltage of the fuel cell using the electric potential;

[0073] Step S302, when the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold, using preset current loading parameters to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading, and monitoring the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process in real time; wherein the current loading parameters at least include: a target loading rate and a target current density;

[0074] Step S303, when it is monitored that the average voltage is not higher than a preset second threshold value during the current loading process, the preset pause parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is monitored in real time;

[0075] Step S304, when it is monitored that the average voltage reaches the first threshold again, the current loading parameter is used again to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading;

[0076] Step S305, real-time monitoring of the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process, and determining whether the average voltage is always higher than the second threshold value during the current loading process;

[0077] Step S306: If yes, use the startup parameters to control the fuel cell system to complete startup.

[0078] If the updated average voltage is higher than the second threshold, it indicates that the membrane electrode of the fuel cell changes from a dry state to a wet state after the potential is restored. Therefore, the startup parameters are used to control the fuel cell system to complete startup, thereby completing the startup process.

[0079] When the average voltage is not higher than the preset second threshold value during the current loading process, the potential drop rate can be used to further determine the degree of potential drop. Figure 4 As shown, when the average voltage is not higher than a preset second threshold value during the current loading process, the fuel cell system startup control method includes:

[0080] Step S401, obtaining the real-time potential generated by the fuel cell after the fuel cell system is current-loaded, and determining whether the decreasing rate of the real-time potential is greater than a decreasing threshold;

[0081] Step S402: If yes, use the pause parameter to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and monitor the average voltage of the fuel cell in real time.

[0082] The drop threshold represents the rate of drop of potential. The real-time rate of drop of potential and the judgment result of the drop threshold are used to determine whether the potential of the fuel cell has dropped rapidly. When the real-time rate of drop of potential is greater than the drop threshold, it indicates that the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is still in a too dry state. Therefore, the pause parameter is used again to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading and monitor the average voltage of the fuel cell in real time.

[0083] During the cycle, the cycle parameters can be controlled. When the cycle parameters reach a certain value, the proton exchange membrane will produce enough water to support the start-up of the fuel cell system. Therefore, in one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the fuel cell system startup control method includes:

[0084] Step S501, after receiving the power-on instruction, the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system controls the fuel cell in the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential using a preset gas supply parameter, and determines the average voltage of the fuel cell using the electric potential;

[0085] Step S502, when the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold, using preset current loading parameters to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading; wherein the current loading parameters at least include: a target loading rate and a target current density;

[0086] Step S503, real-time monitoring of the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process, and determining whether the average voltage is always higher than the second threshold value during the current loading process;

[0087] Step S504: if not, after accumulating the preset number of cycles according to the preset step length, the pause parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is monitored again.

[0088] When the average voltage is not higher than the second threshold, it indicates that the load-pulling process needs to be executed cyclically. The cyclic process needs to be recorded cumulatively using the number of cycles, and the startup process can be specifically controlled by the number of cycles later. In one embodiment, the fuel cell system startup control method also includes: when it is monitored that the number of cycles is greater than a preset cycle threshold, the fuel cell system is controlled to perform current loading using the current load parameter. The cycle threshold represents the maximum number of cycles. When the number of cycles is greater than the preset cycle threshold, it indicates that the proton exchange membrane can produce enough water to support the startup process.

[0089] The preset current loading parameters are used to control the fuel cell system to load the current, and the changes in the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process are monitored in real time, such as Figure 6 As shown, including:

[0090] Step S601, obtaining a preset target loading rate and target current density, and determining the target loading rate and target current density as current loading parameters;

[0091] Step S602, sending the current loading parameter to the DC converter of the fuel cell system, and controlling the DC converter to perform current loading according to the current loading parameter;

[0092] Step S603, acquiring in real time the potential generated by the fuel cell system during the current loading process, and using the potential to monitor the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process.

[0093] During the specific implementation process, after the fuel cell controller FCU of the fuel cell system receives the power-on command from the vehicle controller VCU, the FCU performs the power-on operation: controls the gas supply, and monitors the average voltage of the fuel cells of the fuel cell system at the same time. When the average voltage reaches the target average voltage, i.e., the first threshold value, the target loading rate and target electrical density are sent to the DC converter DC-DC of the fuel cell system as current loading parameters, and the DC converter DC-DC is controlled to load the current according to the current loading parameters. During the process of the DC converter DC-DC loading with the current loading parameters, the real-time potential generated by the fuel cell system is obtained in real time, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is updated using the real-time obtained potential, thereby monitoring the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process.

[0094] During the fuel cell system startup control process, the cell voltage of the fuel cell can be monitored in real time. When the cell voltage potential of the fuel cell is too low, it indicates that the fuel cell system is abnormal. Therefore, in one embodiment, the fuel cell system startup control method further includes: real-time monitoring of the cell voltage of the fuel cell; if the cell voltage is less than the preset voltage threshold, the preset shutdown parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to enter the shutdown state; wherein the voltage threshold is less than the first threshold. The voltage threshold is the threshold for determining that the cell voltage is too low. When the cell voltage is less than the voltage threshold, it indicates that the fuel cell system is abnormal. At this time, the shutdown parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to enter the shutdown state. In special cases, the emergency stop process can be directly performed.

[0095] like Figure 7 The flowchart of the fourth fuel cell system startup control method shown is, in layman's terms, first the fuel cell system receives a startup command, then the fuel cell system supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell, and then the fuel cell system supplies air to the fuel cell. After the gas supply is completed, the fuel cell will generate a target potential, and then the fuel cell system will be controlled to pull a small current and determine whether the potential of the fuel cell drops rapidly. If so, it indicates that the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is in an overly dry state. At this time, stop pulling a small current, wait for the potential of the fuel cell to return to the target value, and then try to pull a small current again. Repeat the cycle until the potential no longer drops rapidly, and the fuel cell system is started.

[0096] In the specific implementation process, the gas supply parameters used by the fuel cell system to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell include hydrogen flow, air flow and related pressure parameters. The specific parameters can be hydrogen-air metering ratio: 2.5 / 3.5@0.1A / cm 2 , Hydrogen air pressure: 120 / 110kPaA@0.1A / cm 2 After the hydrogen and air are supplied, the fuel cell generates a corresponding potential until the target potential is reached, which can be set to 0.9V. Then a weak current is pulled, usually at a loading rate of 5A / s to the idle current density, i.e. 0.1A / cm 2. Then test whether the potential of the fuel cell will drop rapidly. If the potential of the fuel cell drops rapidly to below 0.6V at a rate greater than 0.5V / s, it indicates that the potential drops rapidly. In actual scenarios, if the average voltage of the fuel cell is less than 0.7V during the process of pulling the current, stop pulling the small current, wait for the potential of the fuel cell to return to the target value, that is, 0.9V, and try to pull the small current again, and repeat the cycle. Until the potential of the fuel cell does not drop rapidly when pulling a small current, the startup process can be completed. It is worth mentioning that the cycle process usually cycles at most 3 to 5 times, and the proton exchange membrane will produce enough water to support the startup process of the fuel cell system. During the startup process, the current pulled by the fuel cell system can reach an idle density of 0.1A / cm2, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is greater than 0.7V. During the startup process of the fuel cell system, if the minimum single cell potential of the fuel cell is lower than 0.2V, it is considered that the fuel cell system fails to start, and the fuel cell system will be emergency stopped.

[0097] It can be seen that the above-mentioned fuel cell system startup control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention uses the current load parameter to test whether the potential of the fuel cell will drop rapidly when the fuel cell system is started, thereby confirming the water content in the fuel cell stack and executing the corresponding startup control logic, avoiding directly terminating the system startup process when the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is too dry, and avoiding the additional manual addition of water in the humidifier, thereby improving the user experience.

[0098] Regarding the fuel cell system startup control method provided in the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell system startup control device, the device is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, including:

[0099] The first control module 810 is used for the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system to control the fuel cell in the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential by using a preset gas supply parameter after receiving a power-on instruction, and to obtain an average voltage of the fuel cell by using the electric potential;

[0100] The second control module 820 is used to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading using preset current loading parameters when the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold value, and to monitor in real time the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process; wherein the current loading parameters at least include: a target loading rate and a target current density;

[0101] The third control module 830 is used to control the fuel cell system to start up using preset startup parameters when it is monitored that the average voltage is always higher than a preset second threshold during the current loading process; wherein the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.

[0102] The fuel cell system startup control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention can use the current load parameter to test whether the potential of the fuel cell will drop rapidly when the fuel cell system is started, thereby confirming the water content in the fuel cell stack and executing the corresponding startup control logic, avoiding directly terminating the system startup process when the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is too dry, and avoiding the additional manual addition of water in the humidifier, thereby improving the user experience.

[0103] like Fig. 9 As shown, in one embodiment, the fuel cell system startup control device also includes: a fourth control module 840; when it is monitored that the average voltage is not higher than a preset second threshold during the current loading process, the fourth control module 840 is used to use the preset pause parameters to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and monitor the average voltage of the fuel cell in real time; when it is monitored that the average voltage reaches the first threshold again, the current loading parameters are used again to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading.

[0104] like Fig.10 As shown, in one embodiment, the fuel cell system startup control device also includes: a fifth control module 850: The fifth control module 850 is used to monitor in real time the changes in the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process again, and to determine whether the average voltage is always higher than the second threshold value during the current loading process again; if so, use the startup parameters to control the fuel cell system to complete the startup.

[0105] In one embodiment, the fourth control module 840 is also used to: obtain the real-time potential generated by the fuel cell after the fuel cell system is current loaded, and determine whether the decrease rate of the real-time potential is greater than the decrease threshold; if so, use the preset pause parameters to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and monitor the average voltage of the fuel cell in real time.

[0106] In one embodiment, the fifth control module 850 is also used to: monitor in real time the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process again, and determine whether the average voltage is always higher than the second threshold value during the current loading process again; if not, accumulate the preset number of cycles according to the preset step size, use the preset pause parameters to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and monitor the average voltage of the fuel cell again.

[0107] In one embodiment, the fifth control module 850 is further configured to: when it is monitored that the number of cycles is greater than a preset cycle threshold, control the fuel cell system to perform current loading using the current loading parameter.

[0108] In one embodiment, the second control module 820, while controlling the fuel cell system to perform current loading using preset current loading parameters and updating the average voltage of the fuel cell in real time, is also used to: obtain preset target loading rate and target current density, and determine the target loading rate and target current density as current loading parameters; send the current loading parameters to the DC converter of the fuel cell system, and control the DC converter to perform current loading according to the current loading parameters; obtain the potential generated by the fuel cell system during the current loading process in real time, and use the potential to monitor the change in the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process.

[0109] In one embodiment, the fifth control module 850 is also used to: monitor the single cell voltage of the fuel cell in real time; if the monitored single cell voltage is less than a preset voltage threshold, control the fuel cell system to enter a shutdown state using preset shutdown parameters; wherein the voltage threshold is less than the first threshold.

[0110] The fuel cell system startup control device provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and technical effects as those of the aforementioned fuel cell system startup control method embodiment. For the sake of brief description, for matters not mentioned in the device embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the aforementioned fuel cell system startup control method embodiment.

[0111] This embodiment further provides a fuel cell system. During the startup control process, the fuel cell system adopts the fuel cell system startup control method mentioned in the above embodiment.

[0112] This embodiment also provides an electronic device. The structural diagram of the electronic device is as follows: Fig.11 As shown, the device includes a processor 101 and a memory 102; wherein the memory 102 is used to store one or more computer instructions, and the one or more computer instructions are executed by the processor to implement the steps of the above-mentioned fuel cell system startup control method.

[0113] Fig.11 The electronic device shown further includes a bus 103 and a communication interface 104 , and the processor 101 , the communication interface 104 and the memory 102 are connected via the bus 103 .

[0114] The memory 102 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage. The bus 103 may be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, or an EISA bus. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig.11Only one bidirectional arrow is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0115] The communication interface 104 is used to connect to at least one user terminal and other network units through a network interface, and send the encapsulated IPv4 message or IPv4 message to the user terminal through the network interface.

[0116] The processor 101 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the hardware integrated logic circuit or software instructions in the processor 101. The above processor 101 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The disclosed methods, steps and logic block diagrams in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure can be directly embodied as a hardware decoding processor for execution, or a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor for execution. The software module may be located in a storage medium mature in the art, such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory 102, and the processor 101 reads the information in the memory 102 and completes the steps of the method of the above embodiment in combination with its hardware.

[0117] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the fuel cell system startup control method in the above embodiment are executed.

[0118] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0119] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0120] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0121] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention can essentially or in other words, the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0122] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system startup control method, characterized in that: The method comprises: After receiving the power-on instruction, the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system controls the fuel cell in the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential using the preset gas supply parameters, and obtains the average voltage of the fuel cell using the electric potential; When the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold, the fuel cell system is controlled to perform current loading using preset current loading parameters, and the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process is monitored in real time; wherein the current loading parameters include at least: a target loading rate and a target current density; When it is monitored that the average voltage is always higher than a preset second threshold during the current loading process, the fuel cell system is controlled to complete startup using preset startup parameters; wherein the second threshold is less than the first threshold.

2. The fuel cell system startup control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When it is monitored that the average voltage is not higher than a preset second threshold during the current loading process, the method further includes: Using preset pause parameters to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and monitoring the average voltage of the fuel cell in real time; When it is monitored that the average voltage reaches the first threshold again, the current loading parameter is used again to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading.

3. The fuel cell system startup control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: real-time monitoring of the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process, and determining whether the average voltage is always higher than the second threshold value during the current loading process; If yes, the startup parameters are used to control the fuel cell system to complete startup.

4. The fuel cell system startup control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When it is monitored that the average voltage is not higher than a preset second threshold during the current loading process, the method further includes: Acquiring a real-time potential generated by the fuel cell after the fuel cell system is current-loaded, and determining whether a decreasing rate of the real-time potential is greater than a decreasing threshold; If yes, the pause parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is monitored in real time.

5. The fuel cell system startup control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: real-time monitoring of the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process, and determining whether the average voltage is always higher than the second threshold value during the current loading process; If not, after accumulating the preset number of cycles according to the preset step length, the pause parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to stop current loading, and the average voltage of the fuel cell is monitored again.

6. The fuel cell system startup control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When it is monitored that the number of cycles is greater than a preset cycle threshold, the current loading parameter is used to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading.

7. The fuel cell system startup control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Using preset current loading parameters to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading, and real-time monitoring of changes in the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process, including: Obtaining a preset target loading rate and a target current density, and determining the target loading rate and the target current density as the current loading parameters; Sending the current loading parameter to the DC converter of the fuel cell system, and controlling the DC converter to perform current loading according to the current loading parameter; The potential generated by the fuel cell system during the current loading process is acquired in real time, and the potential is used to monitor the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process.

8. The fuel cell system startup control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The single cell voltage of the fuel cell is monitored in real time; if the single cell voltage is detected to be less than a preset voltage threshold, the fuel cell system is controlled to enter a shutdown state using preset shutdown parameters; wherein the voltage threshold is less than the first threshold.

9. A fuel cell system startup control device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A first control module, for controlling the fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system to generate an electric potential by using a preset gas supply parameter after receiving a power-on instruction, and obtaining an average voltage of the fuel cell by using the electric potential; A second control module is used to control the fuel cell system to perform current loading using preset current loading parameters when the average voltage reaches a preset first threshold value, and to monitor in real time the change of the average voltage of the fuel cell during the current loading process; wherein the current loading parameters at least include: a target loading rate and a target current density; The third control module is used to control the fuel cell system to start up using preset startup parameters when it is monitored that the average voltage is always higher than a preset second threshold during the current loading process; wherein the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.

10. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: During the startup control process of the fuel cell system, the startup control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted.

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