Antenna housing and antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna housing and an antenna. The antenna housing forms a cavity. An antenna radiation unit is arranged in the cavity; the antenna housing comprises a top plate which is located on one side facing a radiation surface of the antenna radiation unit; the top plate comprises a body and a first convex structure, and the top plate comprises at least one first area and at least one second area; the first protruding structure is located on the side, facing the antenna radiation unit, of the body, and the first protruding structure is located in the second area. The body of the second area and the first protruding structure are of an integrated structure. According to the invention, the convergence effect of the horizontal lobe width of the antenna can be greatly improved, various application scenes are satisfied, the strength of the top plate is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a radome and an antenna. Background Art

[0002] Mobile communication base station antennas are devices that receive and transmit signals in mobile communication systems. They are used in indoor or outdoor environments and need to be equipped with antenna covers. On the one hand, the antenna cover protects the antenna system from direct impact from the external environment and prolongs the service life of the base station antenna. On the other hand, the antenna cover affects the radiation performance and electrical performance of the antenna itself.

[0003] Traditional radomes are mainly used to protect the antenna body, prevent the antenna body from being affected by the external environment, and transmit electromagnetic waves. With the development of the mobile communications industry, in order to meet the demand for precise coverage, people have higher and higher requirements for the beam of mobile communication base station antennas, while traditional radomes can only play a weak function of converging electromagnetic waves within a certain frequency band, and their function of improving the horizontal lobe width of the antenna is very limited. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a radome and an antenna.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a radome, wherein the radome forms a cavity; an antenna radiation unit is disposed in the cavity;

[0006] The radome includes a top plate located on a side of the radiating surface facing the antenna radiating unit;

[0007] The top plate includes a main body and a first protruding structure, and the top plate includes at least one first area and at least one second area; the first protruding structure is located on the side of the main body facing the antenna radiation unit, and the first protruding structure is located in the second area; the main body of the second area and the first protruding structure are an integrated structure.

[0008] In some embodiments, a distance between a surface of the first protruding structure of the second region facing the antenna radiating unit and the antenna radiating unit gradually increases and then gradually decreases.

[0009] In some embodiments, a surface of the first protruding structure in the second region facing the antenna radiation unit is arc-shaped.

[0010] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the second region has a dielectric constant that is less than a dielectric constant of the first region.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least some of the second regions have different dielectric constants.

[0012] In some embodiments, each of the first protrusion structures extends along the arrangement direction of the antenna radiation units and is located above the radiation surface of the antenna radiation units.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top plate further comprises at least one third zone;

[0014] The top plate also includes a second protruding structure; the second protruding structure is located on a side of the body away from the antenna radiation unit, and the second protruding structure is located in the third area; the body in the third area and the second protruding structure are an integrated structure.

[0015] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of the third region is greater than the dielectric constant of the second region.

[0016] In some embodiments, each of the first regions and each of the second regions are integrally formed.

[0017] In some embodiments, each of the first regions is adhesively connected to each of the second regions.

[0018] In some embodiments, a plurality of columns of antenna radiating units are arranged in the cavity of the radome;

[0019] The two rows of antenna radiation units at the edge are arranged corresponding to the first protruding structures in the second area.

[0020] In some embodiments, the radome further comprises a bottom plate and a side plate; the bottom plate is opposite to the top plate, and the side plate connects the top plate and the bottom plate to form the cavity;

[0021] The side panel includes the body and a third protruding structure, and the side panel includes at least one fourth area and at least one fifth area;

[0022] The third protruding structure is located on a side of the body facing the antenna radiation unit, and the third protruding structure is located in the fifth area; the body in the fifth area and the third protruding structure are an integrated structure.

[0023] In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the base plate, the lowest point of the third protruding structure from the base plate is higher than a radiation surface of the antenna radiation unit.

[0024] In some embodiments, a support structure is disposed in the cavity of the radome, and the support structure is used to support the first protruding structure.

[0025] In some embodiments, a surface contour of the support structure facing the first protruding structure is embedded with a surface contour of the first protruding structure facing the support structure.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present disclosure further provides an antenna, comprising any antenna cover as provided in the first aspect.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] In the antenna cover provided by the present disclosure, the antenna cover forms a cavity; an antenna radiation unit is arranged in the cavity; the antenna cover includes a top plate, which is located on the side of the radiation surface facing the antenna radiation unit; the top plate includes a body and a first protruding structure, and the top plate includes at least one first area and at least one second area; the first protruding structure is located on the side of the body facing the antenna radiation unit, and the first protruding structure is located in the second area; the body and the first protruding structure of the second area are an integrated structure. Among them, the second area includes a body and a first protruding structure, and the first protruding structure is located on the side of the body facing the antenna radiation unit. After the electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna radiation unit reaches the first protruding structure, it enters the second area, and the propagation path of the electromagnetic wave changes, which is different from the propagation angle of the electromagnetic wave directly emitted from the first area. The electromagnetic wave convergence effect through the first protruding structure is better, which can better improve the convergence effect of the antenna horizontal lobe width. And the body and the first protruding structure of the second area are an integrated structure, which greatly improves the strength of the top plate and reduces the manufacturing process. Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure can greatly improve the convergence effect of the antenna horizontal lobe width, meet a variety of application scenarios, and improve the strength of the top plate and improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 8 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of another antenna cover provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Fig.10 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Fig.11 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Fig.12 A standing wave ratio comparison curve of a conventional radome and the radome of the present invention provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 A comparison curve of gain and horizontal wave width of a conventional radome and the radome of the present invention provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Among them, 1. top plate; 2. side plate; 3. bottom plate; 4. reflector; 5. antenna radiation unit; 51. low-frequency radiation unit; 52. high-frequency radiation unit; 6. supporting structure; 10. main body; 11. first zone; 12. second zone; 13. third zone; 14. fourth zone; 15. fifth zone; 101. first protruding structure; 102. second protruding structure; 103. third protruding structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0046] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0047] With the development of the mobile communications industry, in order to meet the demand for precise coverage, people have higher and higher requirements for the beams of mobile communication base station antennas. For example, the width and height of the antenna reflector are optimized, or the side edges are increased to achieve the convergence of the horizontal beam width. However, this method has many and complex boundary requirements and high costs, and it is difficult for a single method to achieve the desired effect. Alternatively, multi-port antennas are designed by staggering the antenna array or using bridge connections. The former lengthens the antenna and the latter is difficult to design and debug, and both are very expensive. However, in addition to the defects of high cost and complex structure, the function of improving the horizontal beam width of the antenna is also limited, and it is not conducive to miniaturization design.

[0048] In order to solve the above defects, the present disclosure provides a radome. Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 1 , the antenna cover forms a cavity; an antenna radiation unit 5 is arranged in the cavity; the antenna cover includes a top plate 1, which is located on the side of the radiation surface facing the antenna radiation unit 5; the top plate 1 includes a main body 10 and a first protruding structure 101, and the top plate 1 includes at least one first area 11 and at least one second area 12; the first protruding structure 101 is located on the side of the main body 10 facing the antenna radiation unit 5, and the first protruding structure 101 is located in the second area 12; the main body 10 and the first protruding structure 101 of the second area 12 are an integrated structure.

[0049] Exemplarily, a cavity is formed inside the radome, and an antenna radiating unit 5 is arranged in the cavity. The antenna radiating unit 5 can radiate electromagnetic waves outward, and includes a low-frequency radiating unit 51 and a high-frequency radiating unit 52, which are used to radiate electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands. A plurality of high-frequency radiating units 52 and a plurality of low-frequency radiating units 51 can form a radiating unit array. The radome includes a top plate 1, which is located on a side of the radiating surface facing the antenna radiating unit 5, and the top plate 1 includes a body 10 and a first protruding structure 101, and the top plate 1 includes at least one first area 11 and at least one second area 12. Figure 1 A first area 11 and two second areas 12 are marked in FIG. 1 , and the first area 11 is located between the two second areas 12. It should be understood that Figure 1 Both sides of each second area 12 are first areas 11, but only one first area 11 is marked for illustration. The first area 11 includes only the body 10, which is usually thin. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiation unit 5 from the first area 11 have a shorter propagation distance in the body 10 of the first area 11, and can be emitted to the outside of the antenna cover more quickly, thereby achieving direct radiation, that is, the electromagnetic waves are quickly and directly emitted after reaching the first area 11.

[0050] The first protruding structure 101 is located in the second area 12, that is, the second area 12 includes the main body 10 and the first protruding structure 101, and the first protruding structure 101 is located on the side of the main body 10 facing the antenna radiation unit 5. Due to the existence of the first protruding structure 101, the electromagnetic wave first reaches the first protruding structure 101. The dielectric constant of the first protruding structure 101 is different from that of the air. The electromagnetic wave needs to pass through the first protruding structure 101 and the main body 10 in sequence to emit outward. For example, the first protruding structure 101 is an arc structure, and the electromagnetic wave reaches the arc surface and refracts into the first protruding structure 101. The better the convergence effect of the electromagnetic wave, the better the convergence of the antenna horizontal lobe width can be achieved. Different from the propagation distance of the electromagnetic wave emitted only through the main body 10 in the antenna cover, the propagation direction changes, so the path of the electromagnetic wave propagation in the antenna cover changes, and the propagation direction and phase after passing through the antenna cover change greatly, and finally the change of the antenna horizontal lobe width is achieved.

[0051] The first protruding structure 101 and the main body 10 are an integral structure, that is, the two can be integrally formed and pressed together. For example, the materials for making the first protruding structure 101 and the main body 10 are placed in a designed mold, and pressed together with appropriate glue to form the first protruding structure 101 and the main body 10. It can also be a method of injection molding plus pultrusion, where injection ports of different materials are placed at different positions in the mold, and materials with certain adhesives added, such as carbon powder, foaming materials, fiberglass fibers, new materials, etc., are injected and then pulled out of the mold while injection molding. A plastic film can also be placed before pultrusion, and the plastic film can be removed after molding to obtain an integrally formed second zone. The integral structure makes the connection of the second zone 12 tighter and stronger, reduces the possibility of loosening between the first protruding structure 101 and the main body 10, increases the service life of the antenna cover, and based on this structure, the convergence of the horizontal lobe width is achieved to improve the improvement effect.

[0052] Optional, Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 Two first regions 11 and one second region 12 are provided, and the second region 12 includes a body 10 and a second protruding structure 101. Similarly, Figure 3 A first area 11 and two second areas 12 are provided. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the number of the first areas and the second areas.

[0053] Therefore, in the antenna cover provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second zone includes a main body and a first protruding structure, and the first protruding structure is located on the side of the main body facing the antenna radiation unit. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiation unit enter the second zone after reaching the first protruding structure, and the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves changes, which is different from the propagation angle of the electromagnetic waves directly emitted from the first zone. The electromagnetic waves converge better through the first protruding structure, which can better improve the convergence effect of the horizontal lobe width of the antenna. And the main body and the first protruding structure of the second zone are an integrated structure, which greatly improves the strength of the top plate and reduces the manufacturing process. Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure can greatly improve the convergence effect of the horizontal lobe width of the antenna, meet a variety of application scenarios, and improve the strength of the top plate and improve production efficiency.

[0054] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The distance between the surface of the first protruding structure 101 of the second region 12 facing the antenna radiation unit 5 and the antenna radiation unit 5 gradually increases and then gradually decreases.

[0055] For example, Figure 1 Two second areas 12 are provided, and the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiation unit 5 will achieve a certain convergence effect after passing through the second area 12. In this structure, the thickness of the first protruding structure 101 changes gradually, for example, the thickness first increases gradually and then decreases gradually. As a result, the distance between the surface facing the antenna radiation unit 5 and the antenna radiation unit 5 gradually changes, first increasing and then gradually decreasing. Therefore, there are differences in the angles when the antenna radiation unit 5 reaches the surface of the first protruding structure 101 facing the antenna radiation unit 5, and the convergence effect of electromagnetic waves incident at different angles is stronger. The electromagnetic waves are emitted after passing through the first protruding structure 101 and the main body 10 in turn, which can achieve a better convergence effect and achieve the convergence of the horizontal lobe width.

[0056] For example, Figure 1 The distance between the surface of the first protruding structure 101 in the second area 12 facing the antenna radiation unit 5 and the high-frequency radiation units 52 on both sides gradually increases and then gradually decreases. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the high-frequency radiation unit 52 have different incident angles, distances and times when they reach different areas of the first protruding structure 101. The degree to which the propagation direction of the electromagnetic waves is changed in different areas is different. Therefore, the convergence ability of the electromagnetic waves of the high-frequency radiation unit 52 can be improved to meet the needs of different situations.

[0057] Similarly, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 The first protruding structure 101 of the middle second area 12 corresponds to the middle high-frequency radiation unit 52 , thereby improving the convergence effect of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the middle high-frequency radiation unit 52 . Figure 3 and Figure 1 It can be seen that the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the position and number of the second zone.

[0058] In some embodiments, a surface of the first protruding structure in the second region facing the antenna radiation unit is arc-shaped.

[0059] Continue to refer Figure 1 , the surface of the first protruding structure 101 of the second zone 12 facing the antenna radiation unit 5 is arc-shaped, and the angles of the arc are different at different positions. Therefore, when electromagnetic waves at more angles reach the surface of the first protruding structure 101 of the second zone 12 facing the antenna radiation unit 5, refraction will occur, changing the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves to improve the convergence effect of the electromagnetic waves and reduce the reflection of the electromagnetic waves toward the reflection plate. After the electromagnetic waves reach the arc-shaped surface, most of them can be refracted into the first protruding structure of the second zone, and then converged and emitted outward, and the arc shape improves the emission rate of the electromagnetic waves, which improves the radiation performance of the antenna to a certain extent.

[0060] It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the surface of the second zone facing the antenna radiation unit may also be in other shapes, such as a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, etc., which can be set according to actual needs.

[0061] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the second region has a dielectric constant that is less than a dielectric constant of the first region.

[0062] The dielectric constant of the material used to make the top plate also affects the emission effect of electromagnetic waves. The smaller the dielectric constant of the top plate, the better the convergence effect of the electromagnetic waves when passing through the top plate. Therefore, making the materials of the first zone and the second zone different and adjusting the dielectric constant of the second zone can further improve the convergence effect of the top plate on the horizontal lobe width of the electromagnetic waves. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second zone is used to enhance the convergence effect of the electromagnetic waves, so the dielectric constant of at least part of the second zone can be smaller than the dielectric constant of the first zone. For example, the dielectric constant of the material used to make the first zone is 3.8-4.2. Within this range, the electromagnetic waves will be emitted directly outward through the body of the first zone. The dielectric constant of the material used to make the second zone can be 1-3.8, so that the dielectric constant of the second zone is smaller than the dielectric constant of the first zone, further improving the convergence effect of the second zone on the horizontal lobe width of the electromagnetic waves. Optionally, in some other embodiments, the dielectric constant of the material in the second zone can also be 1-4.2, which is smaller than the dielectric constant of the material in the first zone.

[0063] Optionally, the top plate includes a first area and a second area, and the first area and the second area are usually composed of two or more materials of the same material or different materials with different dielectric constants as required. Two adjacent materials of the same or different dielectric constants may overlap or nest, and may not be completely separated. Among them, a variety of different materials such as graphite, hydrocarbon, new materials and composite materials can be used to make the antenna cover.

[0064] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the second regions have different dielectric constants.

[0065] Continue to refer Figure 1 , Figure 1 Two second zones are set in the circuit. Based on actual needs, different frequency bands of electromagnetic waves require different convergence degrees, so the dielectric constant of the second zone 12 can be adaptively adjusted. For example, the dielectric constants of the two second zones are different to achieve different convergence effects and meet more application scenarios.

[0066] In some embodiments, each first protrusion structure extends along the arrangement direction of the antenna radiation unit and is located above the radiation surface of the antenna radiation unit.

[0067] For example, continue to refer to Figure 1 The antenna radiating units 5 are arranged in an array in the cavity. Therefore, the second area 12 extends along the arrangement direction of the antenna radiating units 5 and is located above the radiation surface of the antenna radiating units 5, covering the antenna radiating units 5 in each area, so that the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiating units 5 in each area can be adjusted by the second area 12 before being emitted, thereby fully improving the convergence requirement of the antenna horizontal lobe width.

[0068] In some embodiments, Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another antenna cover provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 4 , the top plate 1 also includes at least one third area 13; the top plate 1 also includes a second protruding structure 102; the second protruding structure 102 is located on the side of the main body 10 away from the antenna radiation unit 5, and the second protruding structure 102 is located in the third area 13; the main body 10 and the second protruding structure 102 of the third area 13 are an integrated structure.

[0069] For example Figure 4 The top plate 1 includes a third area 13, and the top plate 1 also includes a second protruding structure 102,

[0070] The second protruding structure 102 is located in the third area 13, that is, the third area 13 includes the body 10 and the second protruding structure 102, and the second protruding structure 102 is located on the side of the body 10 away from the antenna radiation unit 5. Due to the existence of the second protruding structure 102, after the electromagnetic wave reaches the body 10, it needs to pass through the second protruding structure 102 and then emit outward. The dielectric constant of the second protruding structure 102 is different from that of the air. For example, the second protruding structure 102 is an arc structure. After the electromagnetic wave passes through the body 10, it needs to pass through the second protruding structure 102, and finally emits outward from the arc surface. Refraction will occur on the arc surface, and the refracted electromagnetic wave enters the air, the propagation path changes, and the emission angle changes, thereby improving the divergence effect of the electromagnetic wave and realizing the emission of the horizontal lobe width of the antenna. Different from the propagation distance of the electromagnetic wave emitted only through the body 10 in the antenna cover, the propagation direction changes, so the path of the electromagnetic wave propagation in the antenna cover changes, and the propagation direction and phase after transmitting out of the antenna cover change greatly, and finally the change of the horizontal lobe width of the antenna is realized.

[0071] Similarly, the second protruding structure 102 and the main body 10 are an integral structure, that is, the two can be integrally formed. For example, the materials for making the second protruding structure 102 and the main body 10 are placed in a designed mold, and pressed together with appropriate glue to form the second protruding structure 102 and the main body 10. It can also be a method of injection molding plus pultrusion, which will not be described here. The integrated structure makes the connection of the third area 13 tighter and stronger, reduces the possibility of looseness between the second protruding structure 102 and the main body 10, increases the service life of the antenna cover, and based on this structure, the divergence of the horizontal lobe width is achieved, thereby improving the improvement effect.

[0072] Optional, Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a third area 13 is also provided, including the body 10 and the second protruding structure 102. Figure 5 The surface of the body 10 of the third area 13 facing the antenna radiation unit 5 is arc-shaped, Figure 1 This position is a plane. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this, and it can be selected according to actual needs.

[0073] Optionally, in some other scenarios, Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna cover provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 7The top plate 1 includes a first area 11 and a third area 13, and no second area is set, which is used to improve the divergence effect of electromagnetic waves to avoid the electromagnetic wave beam being too narrow, thereby achieving the divergence of the horizontal lobe width. It should be noted that the second area is not set in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and it can be added according to actual needs.

[0074] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of the third region is greater than the dielectric constant of the second region.

[0075] Specifically, the third zone is used to improve the divergence of electromagnetic waves, while the second zone is used to improve the convergence of electromagnetic waves. The second zone and the third zone have different functions, so materials with different dielectric constants can be used for production. Since the smaller the dielectric constant, the better the convergence effect of electromagnetic waves when passing through the top plate, and the larger the dielectric constant, the better the divergence effect of electromagnetic waves when passing through the top plate. Therefore, the dielectric constant of the third zone is greater than that of the second zone. For example, the dielectric constant of the material used to make the second zone is 1-3.8, and at this time the top plate has a better convergence effect on electromagnetic waves. If the dielectric constant of the material used to make the top plate is 4.2-8, then the top plate has a better divergence effect on electromagnetic waves. Optionally, the dielectric constant of the material in the second zone is 1-4.2, and the dielectric constant of the material in the third zone is 4.2-8. The disclosed embodiment does not limit the specific values ​​of the dielectric constant of the material in the second zone and the dielectric constant of the material in the third zone, as long as the requirements are met. The above is only an example.

[0076] Optionally, the dielectric constant of the third region is greater than the dielectric constant of the first region. The first region can usually allow electromagnetic waves to radiate directly outward, and the greater the dielectric constant of the third region, the better the divergence effect of the third region.

[0077] Optionally, at least some of the third regions have different dielectric constants. If multiple third regions are included, the dielectric constants of the third regions in different areas can be adjusted according to the requirements of different scenarios.

[0078] In some embodiments, each first region is integrally formed with each second region.

[0079] Specifically, continue to refer to Figure 1, place the materials for making the first zone and the second zone in a designed mold, and press them together with appropriate glue to form the first zone and the second zone. It can also be a method of injection molding plus pultrusion, placing injection ports of different materials at different positions in the mold, injection molding materials with certain adhesives added, such as carbon powder, foaming materials, fiberglass fibers, new materials, etc., and then injecting and pultruding the extruder at the same time, or placing a plastic film before pultrusion, and then removing the plastic film after molding to obtain an integrally formed top plate, which includes each first zone and each second zone. The top plate obtained by the integral molding method is more tightly connected, has better strength, and is more solid. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific implementation method, and the antenna cover can be integrated by pultrusion, injection molding, and foaming.

[0080] Optionally, each first area and each third area are integrally formed. Optionally, each first area, each second area and each third area are integrally formed.

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 8 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another radome provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna cover provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , each first area 11 and each second area 12 are adhesively connected.

[0082] Specifically, the top plate 1 can also be obtained by bonding. The first areas 11 and the second areas 12 are made separately, and after the first areas 11 and the second areas 12 are obtained, they are spliced ​​together by an adhesive to obtain the top plate. The top plate is made in this way, and the manufacturing method is simpler. For example, when making the top plate, the appropriate first area 11 and the second area 12 are selected and directly spliced, which is low in cost.

[0083] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure does not impose any specific restrictions on how to splice the first area and the second area. In other scenarios, adhesives may not be used and other methods that can fix the first area and the second area may be adopted. The above is only an example.

[0084] Optionally, each first area 11 , each second area 12 and each third area 13 are connected by adhesive bonding.

[0085] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 A plurality of columns of antenna radiation units 5 are arranged in the cavity of the antenna cover.

[0086] The two columns of antenna radiation units 5 at the edge are arranged corresponding to the first protruding structures 101 in the second area 12 .

[0087] Exemplarily, a plurality of columns of antenna radiating elements 5 are usually arranged in the cavity of the radome, for example Figure 1There are 3 columns in it, taking into account the requirements for the horizontal lobe width of the antenna in practical applications, for example, when the 3dB horizontal lobe width is 65°, the electromagnetic waves need to be converged as much as possible to achieve the effect of converging the horizontal lobe width of the antenna. Therefore, considering that the reflector area around the two columns of antenna radiation units 5 at the edge is small and easy to diverge. Therefore, the two columns of antenna radiation units 5 at the edge are arranged corresponding to the first protruding structure 101 of the second area 12, and the convergence effect of the electromagnetic waves is improved by the first protruding structure 101, so that the convergence effect of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the two columns of antenna radiation units 5 is better.

[0088] Optionally, the antenna radiating unit located in the middle area can be set to the second zone or the third zone according to actual needs. Figure 4 In order to prevent the electromagnetic waves from being affected by the reflection of the reflector 4, which causes some frequency bands to be too narrow and unable to reach the required range, a third zone can be set accordingly to diverge the beam to a certain extent to avoid it being too narrow.

[0089] To sum up, the embodiments of the present disclosure can adjust the material, shape, thickness and other parameters of the top plate of the antenna cover to superimpose their effects and achieve better convergence or divergence of electromagnetic waves, realize the divergence, convergence and direct radiation of electromagnetic waves in a certain frequency band or multiple frequency bands, improve the horizontal lobe width and other radiation performance, and also optimize the electrical performance.

[0090] In some embodiments, Fig.10 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another antenna cover provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna cover also includes a bottom plate 3 and a side plate 2; the bottom plate 3 is opposite to the top plate 1, and the side plate 2 connects the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 3 to form a cavity.

[0091] The side plate 2 includes a body 10 and a third protruding structure 103 . The side plate 2 includes at least one fourth area 14 and at least one fifth area 15 .

[0092] The third protruding structure 103 is located on a side of the body 10 facing the antenna radiation unit 5 , and the third protruding structure 103 is located in the fifth area 15 ; the body 10 and the third protruding structure 103 in the fifth area 15 are an integrated structure.

[0093] Exemplarily, the radome further includes a bottom plate 3 and side plates 2, the bottom plate 3 is arranged opposite to the top plate 1, and the two side plates 2 connect the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 3 to form a cavity. The antenna radiation units 5 are all located inside the cavity. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiation units 5 will also be emitted outward through the side plates 2, so in order to improve the horizontal lobe width and other radiation performance of the antenna radiation unit 5, the side plates 2 can also be adjusted.

[0094] The side plate 2 includes a body 10 and a third protruding structure 103 . The side plate 2 includes at least one fourth area 14 and at least one fifth area 15 . Fig.10 Only one fourth zone 14 and one fifth zone 15 are marked. It should be understood that Fig.10 Both sides of each fifth area 15 are fourth areas 14, but only one fourth area 14 is marked for illustration. The fourth area 14 includes only the body 10, which is usually thinner. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiation unit 5 from the fourth area 14 have a shorter propagation distance in the body 10 of the fourth area 14, and can be emitted to the outside of the antenna cover faster, thereby achieving direct emission, that is, the electromagnetic waves are quickly and directly emitted after reaching the fourth area 14.

[0095] The third protruding structure 103 is located in the fifth zone 15, that is, the fifth zone 15 includes the main body 10 and the third protruding structure 103, and the third protruding structure 103 is located on the side of the main body 10 facing the antenna radiation unit 5. Due to the existence of the third protruding structure 103, the electromagnetic wave first reaches the third protruding structure 103. The dielectric constant of the third protruding structure 103 is different from that of the air. The electromagnetic wave needs to pass through the third protruding structure 103 and the main body 10 in sequence to emit outward. For example, the third protruding structure 103 is an arc structure, and the electromagnetic wave reaches the arc surface and refracts into the third protruding structure 103. The better the convergence effect of the electromagnetic wave is, the better the convergence of the antenna horizontal lobe width can be achieved. Different from the propagation distance of the electromagnetic wave emitted only through the main body 10 in the antenna cover, the propagation direction changes, so the path of the electromagnetic wave propagation in the antenna cover changes, and the propagation direction and phase after transmitting out of the antenna cover change greatly, and finally the change of the antenna horizontal lobe width is achieved.

[0096] The third protruding structure 103 and the body 10 are an integrated structure, that is, the two can be integrally formed and pressed together. The specific manufacturing method can refer to the content of the second area, which is similar and will not be repeated here. The integrated structure makes the connection of the fifth area 15 tighter and stronger, reduces the possibility of looseness between the third protruding structure 103 and the body 10, increases the service life of the antenna cover, and based on this structure, realizes the convergence of the horizontal lobe width and improves the improvement effect.

[0097] Therefore, the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiation unit are refracted at different angles in the fourth and fifth zones, and the propagation distances of the electromagnetic waves in the antenna cover are different, the propagation direction changes, and the propagation direction and phase after transmitting through the antenna cover change significantly, ultimately achieving the effect of improving the horizontal lobe width of the antenna.

[0098] Optionally, a surface of the third protrusion structure in the fifth region facing the antenna radiation unit is arc-shaped.

[0099] Optionally, the dielectric constant of the fourth region is greater than the dielectric constant of the fifth region. Therefore, the fifth region has a better convergence effect on electromagnetic waves.

[0100] Optionally, at least some of the fifth regions have different dielectric constants.

[0101] That is, the differences and beneficial effects between the first and second zones of the top plate are also applicable to the fourth and fifth zones of the side plate, which will not be described in detail and reference may be made to the contents of the top plate.

[0102] In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the bottom plate, the lowest point of the third protruding structure from the bottom plate is higher than the radiation surface of the antenna radiation unit.

[0103] Exemplarily, the third raised structure is located at the edge of the antenna radiating units arranged in an array, and can mainly realize the convergence of the electromagnetic waves of the antenna radiating units close to the side panels. In order to enable it to have a certain convergence effect on the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiating units close to the middle area, it can be set as high as possible to reduce obstruction. In the direction perpendicular to the bottom plate, the lowest point of the third raised structure from the bottom plate is higher than the radiation surface of the antenna radiating unit. For example, the antenna radiating unit includes a low-frequency radiating unit and a high-frequency radiating unit, and the height of the low-frequency radiating unit is higher than the height of the high-frequency radiating unit. When setting the third raised structure, the lowest point of the third raised structure from the bottom should be higher than the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiating unit, so as to make more electromagnetic waves pass through the third raised structure as much as possible and adjust its horizontal wave width.

[0104] In some embodiments, a support structure is disposed in the cavity of the radome, and the support structure is used to support the first protruding structure.

[0105] Due to the different material strengths of the radome, some materials are weaker, and after the second zone is set, the weight of the first protruding structure in the second zone is relatively large, resulting in uneven force on various areas of the top plate, which is easy to fall down. In order to improve the strength of the radome, the embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with a support structure in the cavity of the radome, such as a reinforcing rib or a reinforcing keel, which can be provided along the arrangement direction of the antenna radiation unit to support the first protruding structure and improve the structural strength of the radome.

[0106] In some embodiments, Fig.11 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another antenna cover provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Fig.11 , a surface contour of the support structure 6 facing the first protruding structure 101 is embedded with a surface contour of the first protruding structure 101 facing the support structure 6 .

[0107] Exemplarily, a reflector 4 is disposed in the cavity of the antenna cover, and a support structure 6 is fixedly disposed on the reflector 4, and the support structure 6 is perpendicular to the reflector 4, wherein the surface profile of the support structure 6 facing the first protruding structure 101 is engaged with the surface profile of the first protruding structure 101 facing the support structure 6, so as to increase the contact area between the two and fully play a supporting role. The support structure 6 is made of non-metallic material to avoid affecting the performance of the antenna.

[0108] In addition, the support structure 6 and the first protruding structure 101 may be in contact with each other, or Fig.11 As shown, there is a certain gap, and when the first protruding structure 101 falls, the supporting structure 6 provides support to avoid affecting the antenna performance.

[0109] It should be noted that the support structure 6 in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be set on the reflective plate 4, and can also be set at any other position that can be fixed and can support the first protruding structure 101. The above is only an optional embodiment.

[0110] Illustratively, the present disclosure explains the above structure and effects with the following embodiments.

[0111] Continue to refer Figure 5 , the antenna cover includes a top plate 1, two side plates 2 and a bottom plate 3. The top plate 1 includes a first area 11, a second area 12 and a third area 13, and the second area 12 includes two sub-areas. Among them, the thickness of the first protruding structure 101 in the left sub-area gradually changes from d to D1, the thickness of the third area gradually changes from d to D2, and the thickness of the first protruding structure 101 in the right sub-area gradually changes from d to D3, and D1, D2, and D3 can be equal or arbitrarily different. Among them, the dielectric constant of the left sub-area is ε1, the dielectric constant of the third area 13 is ε2, the dielectric constant of the right sub-area is ε3, the dielectric constant of the side plate 2 is ε4, and the dielectric constant of the bottom plate 3 is ε5. Among them, ε1≠ε3≠ε2, or ε1=ε3≠ε2, or ε1≠ε3=ε2, and the dielectric constant of the side plate 2 is ε4 and the dielectric constant of the bottom plate 3 is ε5, which can be the same or different. The dielectric constant values ​​of ε1 and ε2 are between 1 and 4.2.

[0112] When the electromagnetic wave of the high-frequency radiation unit 52 passes through the left sub-area, since the dielectric constant of the first protruding structure 101 in the left sub-area of ​​the top plate 1 is different from that of the air and is circular or arc-shaped, the transmission path of the electromagnetic wave in the first protruding structure 101 in the left sub-area changes from divergence to convergence. At this time, the horizontal plane lobe width index of the high-frequency radiation unit 52 or the array antenna composed of the high-frequency radiation unit 52 will converge toward the small value. Similarly, the right sub-area of ​​the top plate can also achieve the same effect, but since ε1 and ε2 can be the same or different, the convergence wave width capabilities of the two sub-areas of the top plate 1 may be the same or different, which can be controlled by adjusting the above parameters.

[0113] Optionally, when the electromagnetic wave of the low-frequency radiation unit 51 passes through the third zone 13 of the top plate 1, since the dielectric constant of the third zone 13 is different from that of the air and its shape is circular or arc-shaped, the transmission path of the electromagnetic wave in the third zone 13 changes from convergence to divergence. At this time, the horizontal plane lobe width index of the low-frequency radiation unit 51 or the array antenna composed of the low-frequency radiation unit 51 will become divergent in the direction of the large value.

[0114] Fig.12 A comparison curve of the standing wave ratio of a conventional radome and the radome of the present invention provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.13 The gain and horizontal beamwidth comparison curves of a conventional radome and the radome of the present invention are shown in FIG. Figure 12-13 The solid line represents the curve of a conventional radome, and the dotted line represents the curve of the radome provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. The radome provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure has a relatively small standing wave and a more convergent horizontal wave width, and therefore, the radiation performance of the antenna is better improved.

[0115] For example, continue to refer to Figure 1 The electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiating units on both sides of the antenna cover or the array antenna composed of them are emitted through the second area 12, and the horizontal plane lobe width index will converge toward the minimum value. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiating unit in the middle directly pass through the first area 11 of the top plate of the antenna cover.

[0116] The disclosed embodiment also provides an antenna, including the antenna cover as described in any of the above embodiments, so it has the same or similar beneficial effects as the antenna cover described in the above embodiments. It should be noted that the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention may also include other circuits, devices or systems for supporting its normal operation, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0117] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0118] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A radome, characterized in that: The antenna cover forms a cavity; an antenna radiation unit is arranged in the cavity; The radome includes a top plate located on a side of the radiating surface facing the antenna radiating unit; The top plate includes a body and a first protruding structure, and the top plate includes at least one first area and at least one second area; The first protruding structure is located on a side of the body facing the antenna radiation unit, and the first protruding structure is located in the second area; the body in the second area and the first protruding structure are an integrated structure.

2. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: A distance between a surface of the first protruding structure of the second zone facing the antenna radiation unit and the antenna radiation unit gradually increases and then gradually decreases.

3. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: A surface of the first protruding structure in the second region facing the antenna radiation unit is arc-shaped.

4. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least a portion of the second regions has a dielectric constant that is smaller than a dielectric constant of the first regions.

5. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least some of the second regions have different dielectric constants.

6. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the first protrusion structures extends along the arrangement direction of the antenna radiation units and is located above the radiation surface of the antenna radiation units.

7. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate further comprises at least one third zone; The top plate also includes a second protruding structure; the second protruding structure is located on a side of the body away from the antenna radiation unit, and the second protruding structure is located in the third area; the body in the third area and the second protruding structure are an integrated structure.

8. The radome according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dielectric constant of the third region is greater than the dielectric constant of the second region.

9. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the first areas and each of the second areas are integrally formed.

10. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that Each of the first areas is connected to each of the second areas by adhesive bonding.

11. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of columns of antenna radiation units are arranged in the cavity of the antenna cover; The two rows of antenna radiation units at the edge are arranged corresponding to the first protruding structures in the second area.

12. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that The radome further comprises a bottom plate and a side plate; the bottom plate is opposite to the top plate, and the side plate connects the top plate and the bottom plate to form the cavity; The side panel includes the body and a third protruding structure, and the side panel includes at least one fourth area and at least one fifth area; The third protruding structure is located on a side of the body facing the antenna radiation unit, and the third protruding structure is located in the fifth area; the body in the fifth area and the third protruding structure are an integrated structure.

13. The radome according to claim 12, characterized in that In a direction perpendicular to the bottom plate, the lowest point of the third protruding structure from the bottom plate is higher than the radiation surface of the antenna radiation unit.

14. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that A supporting structure is arranged in the cavity of the antenna cover, and the supporting structure is used to support the first protruding structure.

15. The radome according to claim 14, characterized in that A surface contour of the support structure facing the first protruding structure is embedded with a surface contour of the first protruding structure facing the support structure.

16. An antenna, characterized in that: Comprising the radome as described in any one of claims 1-15.

Images