Parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor

Abstract

The invention relates to a parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor which comprises a stator and a rotor. The rotor comprises a rotor iron core, rotor pole shoes, rotor pole bodies, rotor yokes, magnetic barriers, magnetic bridges, permanent magnet grooves, excitation windings and a motor shaft. The rotor iron core is integrated and comprises rotor pole bodies which are fixed on the motor shaft and distributed in the radial direction, the rotor pole bodies are distributed in the radial direction of the motor shaft, rotor pole shoes are arranged at the ends, away from the motor shaft, of the rotor pole bodies, the rotor pole bodies and the rotor pole shoes form a T-shaped structure, and rotor grooves are reserved between the adjacent rotor pole bodies. Two adjacent rotor pole shoes are provided with permanent magnet grooves, a magnetic barrier is arranged in the rotor yoke part, the magnetic barrier is connected with a motor shaft through a magnetic bridge, and the excitation winding is wound on the rotor pole body; the stator comprises a stator iron core and an armature winding. The stator iron core comprises a stator yoke part and stator teeth. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of reducing the process difficulty of the motor, reducing copper loss, improving the efficiency of the motor and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of motors and generators, and in particular to a parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor. Background Art

[0002] The hybrid excitation motor (HESM) is a new type of motor that combines the high power density of permanent magnet motors and the easy adjustment of the magnetic field of electric excitation motors, and has a high speed regulation range. This motor has a wide range of applications in the fields of ships, aviation, and industrial automation. When used as an electric motor, the hybrid excitation motor can be used as the main drive motor with a wide speed regulation range; when used as a generator, the output voltage can be controlled by adjusting the excitation current, thereby meeting the demand for large voltage fluctuations when the load is suddenly increased or reduced.

[0003] According to the connection relationship between the permanent magnet magnetic potential and the electric excitation magnetic potential, hybrid excitation motors can be divided into series magnetic circuit type and parallel magnetic circuit type. Among them, the parallel magnetic circuit type hybrid excitation motor has a complex and diverse topology. According to the different motor rotor magnetic circuits, it is mainly divided into three categories: hybrid excitation rotor pole synchronous motor, variable pole synchronous motor and combined rotor (parallel rotor) synchronous motor. The existing classic parallel magnetic circuit type hybrid excitation motors include magnetic shunt type hybrid excitation motors, bypass type hybrid excitation motors and parallel structure hybrid excitation motors. The main working principle of the magnetic shunt hybrid excitation motor is to control the permanent magnet flux component in the axial magnetic circuit of the motor through the excitation magnetic potential to achieve the main air gap magnetic field regulation effect, but the N and S claw-shaped poles in the axial magnetic circuit are difficult to optimize due to structural limitations, resulting in serious motor leakage and local saturation phenomena, and the air gap magnetic flux amplitude corresponding to the motor is not high. The bypass hybrid excitation motor structure is mainly composed of the motor housing, front and rear end covers, permanent magnets, stator windings, two sets of DC excitation windings and the motor stator and rotor cores. The motor needs to ensure the bypass effect of the axial magnetic circuit. Due to the limitation of the axial magnetic circuit, the motor flange must have sufficient axial length, which leads to the stator and rotor axial length of the motor connecting shaft should not be designed too long, affecting the reliability of the motor structure. The motor permanent magnet of the parallel structure hybrid excitation motor is located in the rotor part, which can realize the brushless structure. There are brushes and slip rings in the electric excitation part, but there is leakage flux coupling between the permanent magnet part and the electric excitation part of the motor structure.

[0004] In the prior art, a Chinese patent with publication number CN117081289A discloses a hybrid excitation motor rotor structure, in which the rotor cores are evenly spaced along the circumference of the shaft, and the multiple rotor cores include magnetic poles fixed on the shaft and arranged radially along the shaft, and arc-shaped pole shoes are provided at the end of the magnetic pole away from the shaft, and rotor slots are left between adjacent rotor cores. In addition, the excitation winding is an energized winding wound on the magnetic pole and spanning adjacent rotor slots, and the current directions of adjacent excitation windings in the same rotor slot are the same. The magnetic field optimization structure is provided on the pole shoe, and is used to form a reverse magnetic field at the overlapping position of the magnetic field coupling generated by the excitation winding and the armature winding of the stator structure. However, the magnetic field of the yoke of the rotor structure of this motor is easily saturated, the rotor adopts a splicing type, the structure and process are complex, and the non-working end leakage is serious.

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in a hybrid excitation motor in a Chinese patent (publication number CN117081289A), the present invention provides a parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor in order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The invention provides a parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor, comprising a stator and a rotor.

[0009] The rotor comprises a rotor core, a rotor pole shoe (1), a rotor pole body (3), a rotor yoke (4), a magnetic barrier (6), a magnetic bridge (5), a permanent magnet slot (7), an excitation winding (8) and a motor shaft (12); the rotor core is an integrated type, comprising a rotor pole body (3) fixed to the motor shaft (12) and radially distributed, the rotor pole body (3) being radially distributed along the motor shaft (12), a rotor pole shoe (1) being arranged at one end of the rotor pole body (3) away from the motor shaft (12), the rotor pole body (3) and the rotor pole shoe (1) forming a T-shaped structure, a rotor slot (2) being reserved between adjacent rotor pole bodies (1), two adjacent rotor pole shoes (1) being provided with a permanent magnet slot (7), a magnetic barrier (6) being arranged inside the rotor yoke (4), the magnetic barrier (6) being connected to the motor shaft (12) via a magnetic bridge (5), and the excitation winding (8) being wound around the rotor pole body (3).

[0010] The stator comprises a stator core and an armature winding (11), wherein the stator core comprises a stator yoke (9) and stator teeth (10), and the armature winding (11) is wound around the stator teeth (10).

[0011] The rotor pole shoe (1) is in the shape of an arc.

[0012] There are 8 rotor pole shoes (1) in total.

[0013] The magnetic barrier (6) partially overlaps with the rotor slot (2).

[0014] The shape of the magnetic barrier (6) includes a curved line figure and a polygonal figure.

[0015] The curved line graph includes a circle and an ellipse.

[0016] The polygons include 2n-gons and 2n+1-gons, where n=1, 2, 3, 4, . . .

[0017] A strip permanent magnet is placed in the permanent magnet slot (7), the permanent magnet is magnetized in a tangential manner, adjacent permanent magnet surfaces have the same polarity, and the magnetic circuit generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic circuit generated by the excitation winding (8) are parallel magnetic circuits.

[0018] The excitation winding (8) is wound on the rotor pole body (3) in the form of a concentrated winding, spanning the energized windings of adjacent rotor slots (2), and the current directions of adjacent excitation windings (8) in the same rotor slot (2) are the same.

[0019] The motor shaft (12) is a columnar solid shaft structure.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention adopts an integrated iron core, which reduces the process difficulty of the motor.

[0022] (2) The present invention sets a magnetic barrier on the rotor yoke, which can improve the excitation performance and induced electromotive force of the motor and improve the power density of the motor; the magnetic barrier overlaps with the rotor slot part, which is equivalent to increasing the rotor slot area, which can increase the wire diameter of the excitation winding, thereby reducing copper loss and improving the motor efficiency.

[0023] (3) The motor proposed by the present invention has a large speed regulation range in the constant power zone when used as a motor, and a large voltage regulation range when used as a generator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the rotor structure of a parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation generator of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the stator structure of a parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation generator of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A comparison diagram of the magnetic force lines of the rotor yoke of a parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation generator of the present invention, wherein (a) is the magnetic force lines of the rotor yoke of the prior art; (b) is the magnetic force lines of the rotor yoke of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 In this embodiment, magnetic barriers of different shapes are arranged inside the rotor yoke, wherein (a) the magnetic barrier is in a quadrilateral shape, (b) the magnetic barrier is in a circular shape, and (c) the magnetic barrier is in a pentagonal shape;

[0028] Among them, 1. rotor pole shoes; 2. rotor slots; 3. rotor pole bodies; 4. rotor yokes; 5. magnetic bridges; 6. magnetic barriers; 7. permanent magnet slots; 8. excitation windings; 9. stator yokes; 10. stator teeth; 11. armature windings; 12. motor shafts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "overlap" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] This embodiment provides a parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor, which mainly includes a stator and a rotor.

[0032] Specifically, the rotor structure is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the rotor is composed of a rotor core, a rotor pole shoe 1, a rotor pole body 3, a rotor yoke 4, a magnetic barrier 6, a magnetic bridge 5, a permanent magnet slot 7, an excitation winding 8 and a motor shaft 12. Among them, the motor shaft 12 is a cylindrical solid shaft structure. The rotor core is an integrated type, including a rotor pole body 3 fixed on the motor shaft 12 and arranged radially along the motor shaft 12, and an arc-shaped rotor pole shoe 1 is provided at one end of the rotor pole body 3 away from the motor shaft 12. The rotor pole body 3 and the rotor pole shoe 1 form a T-shaped structure, and a rotor slot 2 is left between adjacent rotor pole bodies 3. The magnetic barrier 6 is connected to the motor shaft 12 through the magnetic bridge 5.

[0033] The excitation winding 8 is wound on the rotor pole body 3 in the form of a concentrated winding and is an energized winding that crosses adjacent rotor slots 2. The current directions of adjacent excitation windings 8 in the same rotor slot 2 are the same. When the excitation winding 8 is energized on the rotor slot 2, a magnetic field will be generated. The magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet have serious non-working magnetic leakage, which makes the air gap magnetic density in the working end air gap low. If it is not processed, the motor will be reduced in the constant power area when used as a motor. The speed regulation range is small, and the voltage regulation range is small when used as a generator, and the weak magnetic effect is poor. Therefore, this embodiment sets a magnetic barrier 6 in the rotor yoke 4 of the motor, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 (a) is the magnetic field lines of the rotor yoke in the prior art; Figure 3 (b) is the magnetic field lines of the rotor yoke of the present invention, Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 It can be seen from the comparison of (b) that the rotor yoke 4 of this embodiment can reduce the magnetic leakage at the non-working end of the motor, improve the excitation performance of the motor, and reduce the copper loss of the motor.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the permanent magnet slots 7 are arranged between adjacent rotor pole shoes 1 and do not exceed the rotor circumference. The rotor slots 2 are provided with excitation windings 8. The magnetic circuit generated by the permanent magnets and the magnetic circuit generated by the excitation windings 8 are parallel magnetic circuits.

[0035] The permanent magnet is installed in the permanent magnet slot 7. During assembly, the permanent magnet can be directly inserted into the slot between adjacent rotor pole shoes 1 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12. The slot can just limit the permanent magnet to be placed between two adjacent rotor pole shoes 1. The overall installation is very simple and convenient.

[0036] This embodiment further illustrates the above rotor magnetic barrier structure.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the magnetic barrier 6 of this embodiment is arranged on the rotor yoke 4 , and the magnetic barrier 6 partially overlaps with the rotor slot 2 .

[0038] The magnetic barrier can be selected in various shapes, such as curves and polygons, wherein the curves include circles and ellipses, and the polygons include 2n-gons and 2n+1-gons, wherein n=1, 2, 3, 4…. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 (a) is a quadrilateral, Figure 4 (b) is a circle, Figure 4 (c) is a pentagon. In addition, it can also be an equilateral triangle, an inverted triangle, a hexagon, an ellipse, etc. The magnetic barrier is provided with different shapes. In this embodiment, by providing the magnetic barrier, the magnetic lines of force at the non-working end tend to the working end, the air gap magnetic density in the air gap is strengthened, the magnetic leakage at the non-working end can be reduced, and the air gap magnetic density at the working end and the excitation characteristics of the motor can be improved.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the stator comprises a stator core and an armature winding (11), wherein the stator core comprises a stator yoke (9) and stator teeth (10), and the armature winding (11) is wound on the stator teeth (10), wherein the stator structure is surrounded on the outside of the rotor structure.

[0040] In addition, during the actual assembly of this product, since the rotor core is integrated and does not need to be spliced, the motor process provided by this embodiment is simple and easy to produce, and can be formed by conventional rotor punching stacking and die-casting.

[0041] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor, characterized in that: including a stator and a rotor; The rotor comprises a rotor core, a rotor pole shoe (1), a rotor pole body (3), a rotor yoke (4), a magnetic barrier (6), a magnetic bridge (5), a permanent magnet slot (7), an excitation winding (8) and a motor shaft (12); the rotor core is an integrated type, comprising a rotor pole body (3) fixed to the motor shaft (12) and radially distributed, the rotor pole body (3) being radially distributed along the motor shaft (12), a rotor pole shoe (1) being arranged at one end of the rotor pole body (3) away from the motor shaft (12), the rotor pole body (3) and the rotor pole shoe (1) forming a T-shaped structure, a rotor slot (2) being reserved between adjacent rotor pole bodies (1), two adjacent rotor pole shoes (1) being provided with a permanent magnet slot (7), a magnetic barrier (6) being arranged inside the rotor yoke (4), the magnetic barrier (6) being connected to the motor shaft (12) via a magnetic bridge (5), and the excitation winding (8) being wound around the rotor pole body (3). The stator comprises a stator core and an armature winding (11), wherein the stator core comprises a stator yoke (9) and stator teeth (10), and the armature winding (11) is wound around the stator teeth (10).

2. The parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor pole shoe (1) is in the shape of an arc.

3. The parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are 8 rotor pole shoes (1) in total.

4. The parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic barrier (6) partially overlaps with the rotor slot (2).

5. The parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shape of the magnetic barrier (6) includes a curved line figure and a polygonal figure.

6. The parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The curved line graph includes a circle and an ellipse.

7. The parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polygons include 2n-gons and 2n+1-gons, where n=1, 2, 3, 4, . . .

8. The parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strip permanent magnet is placed in the permanent magnet slot (7), the permanent magnet is magnetized in a tangential manner, adjacent permanent magnet surfaces have the same polarity, and the magnetic circuit generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic circuit generated by the excitation winding (8) are parallel magnetic circuits.

9. The parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation winding (8) is wound on the rotor pole body (3) in the form of a concentrated winding, spanning the energized windings of adjacent rotor slots (2), and the current directions of adjacent excitation windings (8) in the same rotor slot (2) are the same.

10. The parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor shaft (12) is a columnar solid shaft structure.

Images