Internet of Things data sharing method and system based on block chain and homomorphic encryption algorithm

Abstract

The invention discloses an Internet of Things data sharing method and system based on a block chain and a homomorphic encryption algorithm, belongs to the technical field of data sharing, and aims to solve the technical problems of single key, limited resources and low data retrieval efficiency in data security sharing. Comprising the following steps: a data consumer submits a data sharing request including an intelligent contract to a block chain; the data producer aggregates and combines the encrypted data and uploads the encrypted data as a ciphertext to the block chain; the data computing node cooperates with the authentication mechanism, computes the ciphertext based on an operation mode specified in the smart contract and the authentication public key, and uploads the computation result ciphertext to the block chain; the authentication mechanism obtains the calculation result ciphertext from the block chain, decrypts the calculation result ciphertext, encrypts the decryption result through the consumer public key to obtain a final result, and uploads the final result to the block chain; and the data consumer encrypts the decryption result through the authentication public key, and compares the generated encryption result with the received final result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data sharing, and in particular to an Internet of Things data sharing method and system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm. Background Art

[0002] With the introduction of Industry 4.0, the concept of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) was introduced. It is defined as a system that enables intelligent industrial operations by using advanced data analysis from business transformations involving machines, computers and people. The Industrial Internet of Things includes multiple entities such as suppliers, manufacturers, operators, retailers and customers, and is used to monitor, collect, process, transmit and analyze industrial data through various lightweight mobile devices. The application of Industrial Internet of Things can reduce production costs and resource degradation, improve product quality and performance, and make manufacturing and industrial processes more intelligent. In addition, it can accelerate industrial growth and improve competitiveness. Therefore, industrial data is increasingly becoming the most valuable strategic resource for industrial development. It is a key production factor that promotes the digitalization, networking and intelligent development of the manufacturing industry. There are many application scenarios suitable for the Industrial Internet of Things, including smart health, smart cities and smart factories.

[0003] Industrial data is essential for efficient manufacturing, and cloud-assisted industrial IoT provides powerful data processing and storage capabilities for industrial data analysis. It reduces the management cost of industrial data and improves manufacturing efficiency. However, single key sharing may pose potential security risks, especially in the face of key leakage. Industrial IoT devices usually have limited computing and storage resources, and traditional homomorphic encryption schemes may impose too much burden on these devices. Secure sharing of data is not limited to encryption, but also needs to consider secure and efficient retrieval in encrypted data.

[0004] Recently, research has focused on the field of homomorphic encryption, especially data security sharing in the context of IIoT. Industrial IoT devices homomorphically encrypt the industrial data they generate through aggregation nodes and upload the encrypted data to a cloud server. Data users can submit queries to the cloud server and download the required encrypted data after a successful match. In large-scale industrial IoT systems, users may perform homomorphic encryption operations on unsecured devices and then submit the ciphertext to the cloud server. In this case, there is a risk of key leakage, so research focuses on the dynamic security of efficiently protecting keys.

[0005] The single key, limited resources and slow data retrieval efficiency in data security sharing are technical problems that need to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical task of the present invention is to address the above shortcomings and provide an Internet of Things data sharing method and system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm to solve the technical problems of single key, limited resources and slow data retrieval efficiency in data security sharing.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an IoT data sharing method based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm, which is applied between data producers, data consumers, blockchain, certification bodies and data computing nodes. The method comprises the following steps: The data consumer submits a data sharing request including a smart contract to the blockchain. The smart contract specifies the data type, operation method, and key pair. The key pair is generated by the data consumer based on a homomorphic encryption algorithm. The public key and private key in the key pair serve as the consumer public key and consumer private key, respectively. The certification authority generates a key pair based on the homomorphic encryption algorithm, uploads the key pair to the blockchain and stores it in the smart contract, where the public key and private key of the key pair are used as the authentication public key and authentication public key respectively. The data computing node and data producer respond to the data sharing request; The data producer obtains the authentication public key from the smart contract and distributes it to the IoT device cluster. The IoT device cluster encrypts the data based on the authentication public key and sends the encrypted data to the data producer. The data producer aggregates and merges the encrypted data and uploads it to the blockchain as ciphertext. The data computing node and the certification agency cooperate to calculate the ciphertext based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key, obtain the final calculation result ciphertext, and upload the calculation result ciphertext to the blockchain; The certification body obtains the ciphertext of the calculation result from the blockchain and decrypts it, and encrypts the decrypted result using the consumer's public key to obtain the final result and upload the final result to the blockchain; The data consumer obtains the final result from the blockchain, decrypts it based on the consumer's private key, encrypts the decrypted result through the authentication public key, and compares the generated encrypted result with the received final result. If they are consistent, it is passed.

[0008] Preferably, the homomorphic encryption algorithm is the EIGamal encryption algorithm.

[0009] Preferably, the data computing nodes and data producers read the smart contract from the blockchain and check the smart contract, and respond to the data sharing request after passing the inspection.

[0010] Preferably, the data computing node and the certification authority cooperate to calculate the ciphertext based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key, including the following steps: The data computing node obtains the ciphertext from the blockchain, processes the ciphertext based on the operation method obtained from the smart contract and the operation formula specified in the operation method, obtains the intermediate state ciphertext, and uploads the intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; The certification authority obtains the intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, re-encrypts the intermediate state ciphertext by using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions, and uploads the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; the data computing node obtains the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, and encrypts the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext again by using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions, and the certification authority and the data computing node cooperate until the predetermined number of re-encryption calculations are completed to obtain the final calculation result ciphertext; The data computing node uploads the ciphertext of the calculation results to the blockchain.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an Internet of Things data sharing system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm, which is used to realize data sharing through an Internet of Things data sharing method based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm as described in any one of the first aspects, wherein the system includes a data producer, a data consumer, a blockchain, a certification authority, and a data computing node; Data consumers are used to submit data sharing requests including smart contracts to the blockchain. The smart contracts specify the data type, operation mode, and key pair. The key pair is generated by the data consumer based on the homomorphic encryption algorithm. The public key and private key in the key pair serve as the consumer public key and consumer private key respectively. The certification authority is used to generate a key pair based on the homomorphic encryption algorithm, upload the key pair to the blockchain and store it in the smart contract, where the public key and private key of the key pair are used as the authentication public key and the authentication public key respectively, and the data computing node and the data producer respond to the data sharing request; The data producer is used to obtain the authentication public key from the smart contract and distribute the authentication public key to the IoT device cluster. The IoT device cluster is used to encrypt the data based on the authentication public key and send the encrypted data to the data producer. The data producer aggregates and merges the encrypted data and uploads it to the blockchain as ciphertext. The data computing node and the certification agency cooperate to calculate the ciphertext based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key, obtain the final calculation result ciphertext, and upload the calculation result ciphertext to the blockchain; The certification body obtains the ciphertext of the calculation result from the blockchain and decrypts it, and encrypts the decrypted result using the consumer's public key to obtain the final result and upload the final result to the blockchain; The data consumer obtains the final result from the blockchain, decrypts it based on the consumer's private key, encrypts the decrypted result through the authentication public key, and compares the generated encrypted result with the received final result. If they are consistent, it is passed.

[0012] Preferably, the homomorphic encryption algorithm is the EIGamal encryption algorithm.

[0013] Preferably, the data computing nodes and data producers are used to read and check the smart contracts from the blockchain, and respond to data sharing requests after the detection passes.

[0014] Preferably, the data computing node and the certification authority cooperate to perform the following operations based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key pair ciphertext: The data computing node is used to obtain ciphertext from the blockchain, process the ciphertext based on the operation method obtained from the smart contract and the operation formula specified in the operation method, obtain the intermediate state ciphertext, and upload the intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; The certification authority is used to obtain the intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, re-encrypt the intermediate state ciphertext by using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions, and upload the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; the data computing node is used to obtain the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, and re-encrypt the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext by using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions, and the certification authority and the data computing node cooperate until the predetermined number of re-encryption calculations are completed to obtain the final calculation result ciphertext; The data computing node is used to upload the encrypted calculation results to the blockchain.

[0015] The IoT data sharing method and system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm of the present invention have the following advantages: 1. Use homomorphic encryption algorithm to encrypt data, store public key pairs and encrypted data in blockchain, blockchain acts as a trusted decentralized record, ensures the unique identity of data, queries the data of interest through blockchain, and sends a request to the data producer. The data producer uses the private key to decrypt the requested data and verifies the decryption result with the encrypted data stored on blockchain. In the whole process, homomorphic encryption ensures the secure transmission of data, and blockchain, as a trusted decentralized record, enhances the immutability of data; 2. Supports periodic updates of keys and ciphertexts, which can effectively resist identity recognition attacks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an Internet of Things data sharing method based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention provide an Internet of Things data sharing method and system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm, which are used to solve the technical problems of single key, limited resources and slow data retrieval efficiency in data security sharing.

[0021] Embodiment 1:

[0022] The present invention provides an IoT data sharing method based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm, which is applied between data producers, data consumers, blockchain, certification bodies and data computing nodes, and includes the following steps: S100, the data consumer submits a data sharing request including a smart contract to the blockchain, wherein the smart contract specifies the data type, operation mode and key pair, wherein the key pair is generated by the data consumer based on a homomorphic encryption algorithm, and the public key and private key in the key pair are used as the consumer public key and the consumer private key respectively; S200, the certification authority generates a key pair based on a homomorphic encryption algorithm, uploads the key pair to the blockchain and stores it in a smart contract, where the public key and private key of the key pair serve as the authentication public key and the authentication public key respectively, and the data computing node and the data producer respond to the data sharing request; S300, the data producer obtains the authentication public key from the smart contract and distributes the authentication public key to the IoT device cluster. The IoT device cluster encrypts the data based on the authentication public key and sends the encrypted data to the data producer. The data producer aggregates and merges the encrypted data and uploads it to the blockchain as ciphertext. S400, the data computing node and the certification authority cooperate to calculate the ciphertext based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key, obtain the final calculation result ciphertext, and upload the calculation result ciphertext to the blockchain; S500, the certification body obtains the calculation result ciphertext from the blockchain and decrypts it, and encrypts the decrypted result through the consumer's public key to obtain the final result and upload the final result to the blockchain; S600: The data consumer obtains the final result from the blockchain, decrypts it based on the consumer's private key, encrypts the decrypted result using the authentication public key, and compares the generated encrypted result with the received final result. If they are consistent, the result is passed.

[0023] The homomorphic encryption algorithm in this embodiment is the EIGamal encryption algorithm.

[0024] In step S200, after the data consumer uploads the smart contract to the blockchain, the data computing node and the data producer read the smart contract from the blockchain and check the smart contract. After the check passes, they respond to the data sharing request.

[0025] In step S400, the data computing node and the certification authority cooperate to calculate the ciphertext based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key, including the following steps: (1) The data computing node obtains the ciphertext from the blockchain, processes the ciphertext based on the operation method obtained from the smart contract and the operation formula specified in the operation method, obtains the intermediate state ciphertext, and uploads the intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; (2) The certification authority obtains the intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, re-encrypts the intermediate state ciphertext using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions, and uploads the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; the data computing node obtains the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, and encrypts the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext again using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions. The certification authority and the data computing node cooperate until the predetermined number of re-encryption calculations are completed to obtain the final calculation result ciphertext; (3) The data computing node uploads the encrypted calculation results to the blockchain.

[0026] The method blockchain of this embodiment is combined with the ElGamal algorithm based on RPN improvement. First, the potential single key exposure problem is successfully solved by using blockchain-assisted technology; then, the data is securely encrypted by adopting the homomorphic encryption algorithm, and the encryption parameters are uploaded to BC. In this process, the blockchain acts as a trusted decentralized record to ensure the unique identity of the data. Data consumers query the data of interest through the blockchain and send requests to the data producer. The data producer uses the private key to decrypt the requested data, and the information on the blockchain is used to verify the integrity of the data. Throughout the process, homomorphic encryption ensures the secure transmission of data, and the blockchain, as a trusted decentralized record, enhances the immutability of the data. Finally, it supports periodic updates of keys and ciphertexts, which can effectively resist identity attacks.

[0027] Embodiment 2:

[0028] The present invention discloses an Internet of Things data sharing system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm, including a data producer, a data consumer, a blockchain, a certification authority and a data computing node.

[0029] Data consumers are used to submit data sharing requests including smart contracts to the blockchain. The smart contracts specify the data type, operation method and key pair. The key pair is generated by the data consumer based on the homomorphic encryption algorithm. The public key and private key in the key pair serve as the consumer public key and consumer private key respectively.

[0030] The certification authority is used to generate a key pair based on the homomorphic encryption algorithm, upload the key pair to the blockchain and store it in the smart contract, where the public key and private key of the key pair serve as the authentication public key and the authentication public key respectively, and the data computing node and the data producer respond to the data sharing request.

[0031] The data producer is used to obtain the authentication public key from the smart contract and distribute the authentication public key to the IoT device cluster. The IoT device cluster is used to encrypt the data based on the authentication public key and send the encrypted data to the data producer. The data producer aggregates and merges the encrypted data and uploads it to the blockchain as ciphertext.

[0032] The data computing nodes and the certification agency cooperate to calculate the ciphertext based on the operation method specified in the smart contract and the certification public key, obtain the final calculation result ciphertext, and upload the calculation result ciphertext to the blockchain.

[0033] The certification body obtains the ciphertext of the calculation result from the blockchain and decrypts it, and encrypts the decrypted result through the consumer's public key to obtain the final result and upload the final result to the blockchain.

[0034] The data consumer obtains the final result from the blockchain, decrypts it based on the consumer's private key, encrypts the decrypted result through the authentication public key, and compares the generated encrypted result with the received final result. If they are consistent, it is passed.

[0035] The homomorphic encryption algorithm in this embodiment is the EIGamal encryption algorithm.

[0036] After the data consumer uploads the smart contract to the blockchain, the data computing node and the data producer are used to read the smart contract from the blockchain and check the smart contract. After the inspection passes, they respond to the data sharing request.

[0037] The data computing nodes and the certification authority cooperate to perform the following operations on the ciphertext based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key: (1) The data computing node is used to obtain ciphertext from the blockchain, process the ciphertext based on the operation method obtained from the smart contract and the operation formula specified in the operation method, obtain the intermediate state ciphertext, and upload the intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; (2) The certification authority is used to obtain the intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, re-encrypt the intermediate state ciphertext using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions, and upload the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; the data computing node obtains the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, and encrypts the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext again using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions. The certification authority and the data computing node cooperate until the predetermined number of re-encryption calculations are completed to obtain the final calculation result ciphertext; (3) The data computing node is used to upload the encrypted calculation results to the blockchain.

[0038] The system of this embodiment can execute the method disclosed in Example 1 to achieve data sharing and solve the problems of single key, limited resources and data retrieval efficiency.

[0039] The present invention has been shown and described in detail above through the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these disclosed embodiments. Based on the above multiple embodiments, those skilled in the art can know that the means in the above different embodiments can be combined to obtain more embodiments of the present invention, and these embodiments are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for sharing Internet of Things data based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm, characterized in that: Applied between data producers, data consumers, blockchain, certification bodies and data computing nodes, the method comprises the following steps: The data consumer submits a data sharing request including a smart contract to the blockchain. The smart contract specifies the data type, operation method, and key pair. The key pair is generated by the data consumer based on a homomorphic encryption algorithm. The public key and private key in the key pair serve as the consumer public key and consumer private key, respectively. The certification authority generates a key pair based on the homomorphic encryption algorithm, uploads the key pair to the blockchain and stores it in the smart contract, where the public key and private key of the key pair are used as the authentication public key and authentication public key respectively. The data computing node and data producer respond to the data sharing request; The data producer obtains the authentication public key from the smart contract and distributes it to the IoT device cluster. The IoT device cluster encrypts the data based on the authentication public key and sends the encrypted data to the data producer. The data producer aggregates and merges the encrypted data and uploads it to the blockchain as ciphertext. The data computing node and the certification agency cooperate to calculate the ciphertext based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key, obtain the final calculation result ciphertext, and upload the calculation result ciphertext to the blockchain; The certification body obtains the ciphertext of the calculation result from the blockchain and decrypts it, and encrypts the decrypted result using the consumer's public key to obtain the final result and upload the final result to the blockchain; The data consumer obtains the final result from the blockchain, decrypts it based on the consumer's private key, encrypts the decrypted result through the authentication public key, and compares the generated encrypted result with the received final result. If they are consistent, it is passed.

2. The IoT data sharing method based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The homomorphic encryption algorithm is the EIGamal encryption algorithm.

3. The IoT data sharing method based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Data computing nodes and data producers read smart contracts from the blockchain and check the smart contracts. After passing the inspection, they respond to data sharing requests.

4. The method for sharing Internet of Things data based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The data computing node and the certification authority cooperate to calculate the ciphertext based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key, including the following steps: The data computing node obtains the ciphertext from the blockchain, processes the ciphertext based on the operation method obtained from the smart contract and the operation formula specified in the operation method, obtains the intermediate state ciphertext, and uploads the intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; The certification authority obtains the intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, re-encrypts the intermediate state ciphertext using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions, and uploads the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; The data computing node obtains the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, and encrypts the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext again using the authentication public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions. The authentication agency and the data computing node cooperate until the predetermined number of re-encryption calculations are completed to obtain the final calculation result ciphertext; The data computing node uploads the ciphertext of the calculation results to the blockchain.

5. An Internet of Things data sharing system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm, characterized in that: Used to realize data sharing through an Internet of Things data sharing method based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, the system comprising a data producer, a data consumer, a blockchain, a certification authority and a data computing node; Data consumers are used to submit data sharing requests including smart contracts to the blockchain. The smart contracts specify the data type, operation mode, and key pair. The key pair is generated by the data consumer based on the homomorphic encryption algorithm. The public key and private key in the key pair serve as the consumer public key and consumer private key respectively. The certification authority is used to generate a key pair based on the homomorphic encryption algorithm, upload the key pair to the blockchain and store it in the smart contract, where the public key and private key of the key pair are used as the authentication public key and the authentication public key respectively, and the data computing node and the data producer respond to the data sharing request; The data producer is used to obtain the authentication public key from the smart contract and distribute the authentication public key to the IoT device cluster. The IoT device cluster is used to encrypt the data based on the authentication public key and send the encrypted data to the data producer. The data producer aggregates and merges the encrypted data and uploads it to the blockchain as ciphertext. The data computing node and the certification agency cooperate to calculate the ciphertext based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the certification public key, obtain the final calculation result ciphertext, and upload the calculation result ciphertext to the blockchain; The certification body obtains the ciphertext of the calculation result from the blockchain and decrypts it, and encrypts the decrypted result using the consumer's public key to obtain the final result and upload the final result to the blockchain; The data consumer obtains the final result from the blockchain, decrypts it based on the consumer's private key, encrypts the decrypted result through the authentication public key, and compares the generated encrypted result with the received final result. If they are consistent, it is passed.

6. The IoT data sharing system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The homomorphic encryption algorithm is the EIGamal encryption algorithm.

7. The IoT data sharing system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Data computing nodes and data producers are used to read and check smart contracts from the blockchain, and respond to data sharing requests after passing the inspection.

8. The IoT data sharing system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption algorithm according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The data computing nodes and the certification authority cooperate to perform the following operations based on the operation mode specified in the smart contract and the authentication public key pair ciphertext: The data computing node is used to obtain ciphertext from the blockchain, process the ciphertext based on the operation method obtained from the smart contract and the operation formula specified in the operation method, obtain the intermediate state ciphertext, and upload the intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; The certification authority is used to obtain the intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, re-encrypt the intermediate state ciphertext by using the certification public key according to the predefined number of operation type conversions, and upload the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext to the blockchain; The data computing node is used to obtain the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext from the blockchain, and re-encrypt the re-encrypted intermediate state ciphertext by using the authentication public key according to the predefined operation type conversion times. The authentication agency and the data computing node cooperate until the predetermined number of re-encryption calculations are completed to obtain the final calculation result ciphertext; The data computing node is used to upload the encrypted calculation results to the blockchain.

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