Air heat exchanger and fuel cell integrated component and system

Abstract

The invention relates to an air heat exchanger, a fuel cell integrated thermal component and a system, belongs to the technical field of fuel cell integrated thermal components, and solves the problem of the current integrated thermal component based on tail gas shunting, the air heat exchanger comprises an inner cylinder wall and an outer cylinder wall, and the top ends of the inner cylinder wall and the outer cylinder wall are connected with an annular top cover; a primary heat exchange part is arranged in the space between the inner cylinder wall and the outer cylinder wall, a secondary heat exchange part is connected to the upper portion of the primary heat exchange part, tail gas flow channels of the primary heat exchange part and the secondary heat exchange part are communicated, air flow channels of the primary heat exchange part and the secondary heat exchange part are communicated, a tail gas inlet is formed in the bottom end of the inner cylinder wall, and the annular top cover is provided with a tail gas outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe. An air outlet is formed in the outlet end of the air flow channel of the primary heat exchange component, a tail gas outlet is formed in the outer cylinder wall corresponding to the junction position of the secondary heat exchange component and the primary heat exchange component, and the air heat exchanger avoids the carbon deposition phenomenon in a reformer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to an air heat exchanger and a fuel cell integrated component and system. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In the current fuel cell integrated thermal components based on the exhaust gas diversion architecture, part of the exhaust gas from the burner directly enters the reformer to provide heat for the reforming reaction, and the other part of the exhaust gas is discharged after heat exchange in the air heat exchanger. The exhaust gas generated by the burner is equivalent to directly entering the reformer. If the temperature of the exhaust gas generated by the burner is too high, after the exhaust gas enters the exhaust flow path of the reformer, it is easy to produce carbon deposition and other phenomena, affecting the normal operation of the reformer. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an air heat exchanger and a fuel cell integrated component and system, which can cool the exhaust gas to a certain extent before passing the exhaust gas into the reformer, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of carbon deposition of the exhaust gas in the reformer.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air heat exchanger, comprising an inner cylinder wall and an outer cylinder wall arranged coaxially, an annular top cover being connected to the top ends of the inner cylinder wall and the outer cylinder wall, a primary heat exchange component is provided in the space between the inner cylinder wall and the outer cylinder wall, a secondary heat exchange component is detachably connected above the primary heat exchange component, the exhaust flow passages of the primary heat exchange component and the secondary heat exchange component are connected, the air flow passages are connected, a tail gas inlet connected to the inlet of the exhaust flow passage of the primary heat exchange component is provided at the bottom end of the inner cylinder wall, a tail gas outlet pipe connected to the exhaust flow passage of the secondary heat exchange component is provided on the annular top cover, an air inlet pipe connected to the air flow passage inlet end of the secondary heat exchange component is also provided on the annular top cover, an air outlet is provided at the air flow passage outlet end of the primary heat exchange component, an air outlet is provided at the air flow passage outlet end of the primary heat exchange component, and an exhaust gas outlet for introducing the exhaust gas into the reformer is provided on the outer cylinder wall corresponding to the junction position of the secondary heat exchange component and the primary heat exchange component.

[0007] Optionally, an inner slot is provided on the bottom surface of the annular top cover, and the top of the inner cylinder wall is plugged and fixed to the annular top cover via the inner slot. An outer slot is also provided on the bottom surface of the annular top cover, and the top of the outer cylinder wall is plugged and fixed to the annular top cover via the outer slot.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of exhaust gas inlets are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder wall.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of exhaust gas outlets are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder wall.

[0010] Optionally, the outlet end of the exhaust gas outlet pipe is connected to a first exhaust gas exhaust pipe, and a flow regulator is provided in the first exhaust gas exhaust pipe.

[0011] Optionally, a temperature sensor is provided in the first exhaust gas exhaust pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the diameter of the outer cylinder wall portion corresponding to the primary heat exchange component is smaller than the diameter of the outer cylinder wall portion corresponding to the secondary heat exchange component.

[0013] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell integrated thermal component, including the air heat exchanger described in the first aspect, the air heat exchanger is sleeved on the outer periphery of the burner, the air heat exchanger is sleeved on the outer periphery of the reformer, the reformer is sleeved on the outer periphery of the exhaust cooler, the exhaust gas outlet pipe of the burner is connected with the exhaust gas inlet of the air heat exchanger, the exhaust gas outlet of the air heat exchanger is connected with the exhaust flow channel of the reformer, the reformer is also provided with a mixture channel capable of heat exchange with its internal exhaust flow channel, the mixture channel is used to pass water and gas and carries a catalyst, the exhaust cooler is provided with a battery exhaust flow channel and an air flow channel capable of heat exchange, and the outlet end of the air channel of the exhaust cooler is connected to the air inlet pipe of the air heat exchanger through a connecting pipeline.

[0014] Optionally, the outlet end of the tail gas channel of the reformer is connected to a second tail gas exhaust pipe, and a flow regulator is provided in the second tail gas exhaust pipe.

[0015] Optionally, a lower cover plate is fixed to the bottom end of the air heat exchanger and the reformer, and an exhaust gas containing chamber is formed between the lower cover plate and the exhaust gas outlet pipe of the burner. The exhaust gas containing chamber serves as the exhaust gas discharge end of the burner and is connected to the exhaust gas inlet of the air heat exchanger.

[0016] Optionally, a mixing chamber is further provided at the bottom end of the lower cover plate, and the mixing chamber is communicated with the air outlet of the air heat exchanger, and the mixing chamber is also communicated with the cold air inlet pipe.

[0017] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell system, provided with the fuel cell integrated thermal component described in the second aspect, wherein the battery exhaust flow channel of the exhaust cooler is connected to the exhaust channel of the fuel cell system.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. In the air heat exchanger of the present invention, the exhaust gas outlet is arranged between the primary heat exchange component and the secondary heat exchange component. The inlet of the exhaust gas channel of the primary heat exchange component is connected with the exhaust gas inlet arranged at the bottom end of the inner tube wall. The exhaust gas inlet is used to receive the exhaust gas generated by the burner. After the exhaust gas enters the air heat exchanger through the exhaust gas inlet, it is first cooled by the primary heat exchange component, and then enters the reformer through the exhaust gas outlet, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of carbon deposition in the reformer caused by the exhaust gas temperature entering the reformer being too high, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the reformer.

[0020] 2. The fuel cell integrated thermal component of the present invention has a flow regulator in the first exhaust gas exhaust pipe of the air heat exchanger, and a flow regulator in the second exhaust gas exhaust pipe of the reformer. The flow regulator can adjust the diversion ratio of the exhaust gas in the air heat exchanger and the reformer, so that the temperature of the hydrogen synthesizer at the outlet end of the mixture channel meets the requirements, and the adjustment response speed is fast, which is convenient for precise control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder wall structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner cylinder wall structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is an appearance diagram of a secondary heat exchange component of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a secondary heat exchange component of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is an appearance diagram of the primary heat exchange component of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a primary heat exchange component of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a gasket in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of a first tail gas exhaust pipe according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.11 The overall structure of Example 2 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Fig.12 The overall structure of Example 2 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the burner structure of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a reformer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.15 is a cross-sectional view of a reformer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.16 is a cross-sectional view of a second tail gas exhaust pipe according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of an exhaust cooler according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.18 is a cross-sectional view of an exhaust cooler according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipeline structure of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of the lower cover structure of Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0042] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the lower cover structure of Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0043] Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the assembly process of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.23 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.24 This is a logic flow chart of the operation of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.25 is a schematic diagram of a system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0047] Among them, 1. burner, 2. air heat exchanger, 3. reformer, 4. exhaust cooler, 5. first exhaust gas exhaust pipe, 6. second exhaust gas exhaust pipe, 7. pipeline, 8. lower cover plate;

[0048] 101. first air inlet pipe, 102. first gas inlet pipe, 103. first bolt hole, 104. second bolt hole, 105. first exhaust gas outlet pipe;

[0049] 21. outer cylinder wall, 22. secondary heat exchange component, 23. primary heat exchange component, 24. inner cylinder wall, 25. gasket;

[0050] 211. second exhaust outlet, 220. second air inlet pipe, 221. first outer slot, 222. first inner slot, 223. third bolt hole, 224. fourth bolt hole, 225. third exhaust outlet pipe, 226. fifth bolt hole, 227. first connecting bolt, 228. sixth bolt hole, 229. seventh bolt hole, 231. ninth bolt hole, 232. eighth bolt hole, 233. first air outlet pipe, 234. second connecting bolt, 241. first exhaust inlet;

[0051] 301. second gas inlet pipe, 302. water inlet pipe, 303. third gas inlet pipe, 304. catalyst layer, 305. third connecting bolt, 306. second tail gas inlet, 307. first temperature sensor, 308. reformed gas outlet pipe, 309. fourth tail gas outlet pipe, 310. tenth bolt hole, 311. eleventh bolt hole, 312. fourth connecting bolt;

[0052] 401. second air outlet, 402. second temperature sensor, 403. exhaust outlet pipe, 404. twelfth bolt hole, 405. third air inlet pipe, 406. third temperature sensor, 407. fourth temperature sensor, 408. exhaust inlet pipe, 409. fifth connecting bolt, 410. sixth connecting bolt;

[0053] 501. fifth temperature sensor, 502. first flow regulator;

[0054] 601. a second flow regulator, 602. a sixth temperature sensor;

[0055] 701. 13th bolt hole, 702. 4th air inlet, 703. 7th temperature sensor, 704. 14th bolt hole, 705. 3rd air outlet;

[0056] 801. The fifth air inlet pipe, 802. The fifteenth bolt hole, 803. The fourth air outlet, 804. The sixteenth bolt hole, 805. The eighth temperature sensor, 806. The second inner slot, 807. The ninth temperature sensor, 808. The second outer slot, 809. The seventeenth bolt hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In this embodiment:

[0058] Hot parts are parts that operate at higher temperatures.

[0059] An integrated thermal component refers to a combination of multiple components, such as multiple separate heat exchangers and burners connected by pipelines, etc., to form an integral component, which is called an integrated thermal component.

[0060] Synthesis gas refers to a gas containing multiple components. The synthesis gas in this embodiment generally contains hydrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, etc.

[0061] Partition heat exchange refers to the heat exchange between cold and hot fluids through a solid wall, without mixing with each other.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] This embodiment provides an air heat exchanger, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, it includes an inner cylinder wall 24 and an outer cylinder wall 21 arranged coaxially, the top ends of the inner cylinder wall 24 and the outer cylinder wall 21 are connected to an annular top cover, the inner cylinder wall 24, the outer cylinder wall 21 and the annular top cover constitute an annular cavity structure, and an annular cavity is provided inside, and a primary heat exchange component 23 and a secondary heat exchange component 22 are arranged in the annular cavity, wherein the primary heat exchange component 23 is located below the secondary heat exchange component 22, and the top end of the primary heat exchange component 23 and the bottom end of the secondary heat exchange component 22 are detachably connected, and after connection, the exhaust gas flow passages inside the primary heat exchange component 23 and the secondary heat exchange component 22 are interconnected, and the air flow passages are interconnected.

[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, a first exhaust gas inlet 241 is provided at the bottom end of the inner tube wall 24 , and the first exhaust gas inlet 241 is connected to the inlet end of the exhaust gas channel of the primary heat exchange component 23 , so as to pass the exhaust gas generated by the burner 1 into the exhaust gas channel of the primary heat exchange component 23 .

[0065] Furthermore, a plurality of first exhaust gas inlets 241 are provided, and the plurality of first exhaust gas inlets 241 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder wall 24 .

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the outer cylinder wall 21 is provided with a plurality of second exhaust gas outlets 211 equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction at the connection position between the primary heat exchange component 23 and the secondary heat exchange component 22 . The second exhaust gas outlets 211 are used to deliver the exhaust gas after heat exchange in the primary heat exchange component 23 into the reformer 3 .

[0067] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the transportation of the tail gas to the reformer 3 , the diameter of the portion of the outer cylinder wall 21 corresponding to the primary heat exchange component 23 is smaller than the diameter of the portion of the outer cylinder wall 21 corresponding to the secondary heat exchange component 22 .

[0068] In this embodiment, the primary heat exchange component 23 and the secondary heat exchange component 22 can adopt the existing heat exchanger structure, such as Figure 5-Figure 6As shown, the secondary heat exchange component 22 includes an upper air ring tube, a core body and a lower air semi-ring tube distributed up and down. The upper air ring tube is connected to the second air inlet pipe 220 arranged on the annular top cover. The upper air ring tube is connected to the air flow path in the core body through a plurality of connecting tubes. The air outlet end of the air flow path in the core body is connected to the lower air semi-ring tube through a connecting tube. The upper air ring tube, the air flow path in the core body and the lower air semi-ring tube together constitute the air flow path of the secondary heat exchange component 22.

[0069] The outer space of the upper air ring tube, the lower air semi-ring tube and the exhaust gas flow path in the core together constitute the exhaust gas flow path of the secondary heat exchange component.

[0070] The second air inlet pipe 220 is provided with a plurality of seventh bolt holes 229 for connecting the pipeline 7. The annular top cover is provided with a third exhaust gas outlet pipe 225, which is connected to the outlet end of the exhaust gas channel of the secondary heat exchange component 22 for discharging the exhaust gas after heat exchange.

[0071] The gas outlet end of the third exhaust gas outlet pipe 225 is connected to the first exhaust gas exhaust pipe 5 through a plurality of fifth bolt holes 226 and bolts.

[0072] like Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, the structure of the primary heat exchange component 23 is the same as that of the secondary heat exchange component 22, including an upper air semi-ring tube, a core body and a lower air semi-ring tube. The upper air semi-ring tube and the lower air semi-ring tube of the secondary heat exchange component 22 are fixedly connected by a plurality of third bolt holes 223, a fourth bolt hole 224, a ninth bolt hole 231, an eighth bolt hole 232 and bolts and nuts to form a whole air ring tube.

[0073] like Fig. 9 As shown, a gasket 25 is provided between the mating surfaces of the upper air semi-annular tube and the lower air semi-annular tube to seal the connection between the upper air semi-annular tube and the lower air semi-annular tube.

[0074] The upper air semi-ring pipe is communicated with the air flow path in the core through a plurality of connecting pipes, and the lower air ring pipe is communicated with the air flow path in the core through a plurality of connecting pipes.

[0075] The upper air semi-ring tube, the lower air ring tube and the air flow path in the core constitute the air flow channel of the primary heat exchange component 23, and the external space of the upper air semi-ring tube, the lower air ring tube and the exhaust gas flow path in the core constitute the exhaust gas flow channel of the primary heat exchange component 23.

[0076] The arrangement of the air flow passages and the exhaust gas flow passages in the primary heat exchange component 23 and the secondary heat exchange component 22 may be carried out in accordance with the prior art, and no further detailed description is given here.

[0077] The core bottom and top of the primary heat exchange component 23 are respectively provided with a core exhaust gas inlet and a core exhaust gas outlet for introducing the exhaust gas into the exhaust gas flow path in the core and removing the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas flow path in the core.

[0078] The core bottom and top of the secondary heat exchange component 22 are respectively provided with a core exhaust gas inlet and a core exhaust gas outlet, which are used to introduce the exhaust gas into the exhaust gas flow path in the core and export the exhaust gas out of the exhaust gas flow path in the core. The exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet of the core of the primary heat exchange component 23 are connected to the exhaust gas flow path of the primary heat exchange component 23 and the secondary heat exchange component 22. The air flow path of the primary heat exchange component 23 and the secondary heat exchange component 22 are connected by connecting the upper air semi-ring tube and the lower air semi-ring tube.

[0079] The lower air ring pipe of the primary heat exchange component 23 is also provided with a first air outlet pipe 233 as an air outlet.

[0080] Furthermore, the outer edge of the annular top cover is provided with a plurality of sixth bolt holes 228 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction for connecting the air heat exchanger 2 with the reformer 3, and the inner edge of the annular top cover is provided with a plurality of first connecting bolts 227 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction for connecting the air heat exchanger 2 with the burner 1.

[0081] A first outer slot 221 is provided on the bottom surface of the annular top cover, and the top end of the outer cylinder wall 21 is plugged and fixed to the annular top cover through the first outer slot 221. A first inner slot 222 is also provided on the bottom surface of the annular top cover, and the top end of the inner cylinder wall 24 is plugged and fixed to the annular top cover through the first inner slot 222.

[0082] like Fig.10 As shown, the first exhaust gas exhaust pipe 5 is installed with a fifth temperature sensor 501 and a first flow regulator 502. The first flow regulator 502 is used to adjust the exhaust gas flow in the secondary heat exchange component 22 in the air heat exchanger 2. The function of the first flow regulator 502 is to adjust the flow resistance to achieve flow control. Its working principle is: based on the flow demand, the flow resistance is adjusted by changing the flow area, thereby achieving flow control. The first flow regulator 502 can be an existing high-temperature butterfly valve or other flow regulating equipment. Those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs, and will not be described in detail here. The fifth temperature sensor 501 is used to monitor the exhaust gas temperature of the air heat exchanger 2.

[0083] The working principle of the air heat exchanger in this embodiment is:

[0084] The combustion exhaust gas discharged from the burner 1 enters the air heat exchanger 2 through the first exhaust gas inlet 241. The combustion exhaust gas first flows through the primary heat exchange component 23, and then the combustion exhaust gas is divided. A part of the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the air heat exchanger 2 and enters the reformer 3 through the second exhaust gas outlet 211 on the outer cylinder wall 21, and the rest of the combustion exhaust gas enters the secondary heat exchange component 22. At the same time, low-temperature air enters the secondary heat exchange component 22 in the air heat exchanger 2 through the second air inlet pipe 220. Since the air flow channels of the secondary heat exchange component 22 and the primary heat exchange component 23 are connected, the air heated in the secondary heat exchange component 22 immediately enters the primary heat exchange component 23 and exchanges heat with the combustion exhaust gas again. The generated high-temperature air is discharged from the air heat exchanger 2 through the first air outlet pipe 233 of the primary heat exchange component 23.

[0085] After the exhaust gas enters the air heat exchanger 2 through the first exhaust gas inlet 241, it is first cooled by the primary heat exchange component 23, and then enters the reformer 3 through the second exhaust gas outlet 211, thereby avoiding the generation of carbon deposits in the reformer 3 due to the excessively high exhaust gas temperature entering the reformer 3, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the reformer 3.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] This embodiment provides a fuel cell integrated thermal component, such as Figure 11-Figure 12 As shown, the air heat exchanger 2 described in Example 1 is provided, the air heat exchanger 2 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the burner 1, the outer periphery of the air heat exchanger 2 is sleeved with a reformer 3, and the outer periphery of the reformer 3 is sleeved with an exhaust cooler 4.

[0088] like Fig.13 As shown, the top of the combustion chamber of the burner 1 is connected to a first air inlet pipe 101 and a first gas inlet pipe 102, and the bottom is connected to a first exhaust gas outlet pipe 105. The air inlet end of the first air inlet pipe 101 is provided with a plurality of first bolt holes 103 to connect the first air inlet pipe 101 to the air pipeline.

[0089] The air required by the burner 1 can be provided by the outside air and the hot air exhausted by the integrated thermal component alone or together. When the integrated thermal component is coupled with a fuel cell or other equipment for operation, the fuel required by the burner 1 can be provided by the outside gas and (battery) exhaust alone or together, and the required air can be provided by the outside air and the hot air exhausted by the battery alone or together.

[0090] A flange is provided on the top of the combustion chamber, and a plurality of second bolt holes 104 are provided on the flange at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The burner 1 is fixedly connected to the air heat exchanger 2 via the second bolt holes 104, the first connecting bolts 227 and nuts.

[0091] Air and gas enter the burner 1 through the first air inlet pipe 101 and the first gas inlet pipe 102 respectively and are mixed and burned. The combustion exhaust gas is discharged through the first exhaust gas outlet pipe 105. The exhaust gas discharged from the first exhaust gas outlet pipe 105 can enter the exhaust flow channel of the primary heat exchange component 23 through the first exhaust gas inlet 241 set on the inner tube wall 24.

[0092] The remaining structure of the burner 1 can be made by using the existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0093] like Figure 14-15 As shown, the reformer 3 is improved on the basis of the existing heat exchanger, and also includes an inner tube and an outer tube. The top ends of the inner tube and the outer tube are connected to the upper ring plate, and the bottom ends are connected to the lower ring plate. A heat exchange component is provided between the inner tube and the outer tube. The heat exchange component includes an upper ring tube, a core body and a lower ring tube. The lower ring tube is fixed on the outer tube surface of the inner tube. The inner tube is provided with a plurality of second exhaust gas inlets 306 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The second exhaust gas inlet 306 is used to receive the exhaust gas discharged through the second exhaust gas outlet 211.

[0094] The lower ring tube is connected to the bottom of the core through multiple connecting tubes and is connected to the exhaust gas flow path in the core. The outlet end of the exhaust gas flow path in the core is connected to the upper ring tube through multiple connecting tubes. The upper ring tube is connected to the fourth exhaust gas outlet pipe 309 fixed on the upper ring plate. The fourth exhaust gas outlet pipe 309 is used to discharge the exhaust gas from the reformer 3.

[0095] The lower ring tube, the upper ring tube and the exhaust gas flow path in the core constitute the exhaust gas channel of the reformer 3, the upper ring tube, the external space of the lower ring tube and the mixture flow path in the core constitute the mixture flow channel of the reformer 3, and the upper ring plate is provided with a second gas inlet pipe 301, a third gas inlet pipe 303 and a water inlet pipe 302 connected to the mixture flow channel.

[0096] The mixture flow path in the core carries a catalyst layer 304 for catalyzing the reforming reaction.

[0097] The lower ring plate is provided with a reforming gas outlet pipe 308 which is connected to the outlet end of the mixture channel and is used to discharge the hydrogen-containing synthesis gas after the reforming reaction.

[0098] A first temperature sensor 307 is installed on the reformed gas outlet pipe 308 to detect the temperature of the hydrogen-containing synthesis gas.

[0099] The outlet end of the fourth exhaust gas outlet pipe 309 is connected to the second exhaust gas outlet pipe 6 through a plurality of tenth bolt holes 310. Fig.16 As shown, the second exhaust gas exhaust pipe 6 is installed with a second flow regulator 601 and a sixth temperature sensor 602 .

[0100] The inner edge of the upper ring plate is provided with a plurality of fourth connecting bolts 312 equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the reformer 3 is fixedly connected to the air heat exchanger 2 via the fourth connecting bolts 312 and the sixth bolt holes 228 .

[0101] The outer edge of the upper ring plate is provided with a plurality of eleventh bolt holes 311 along the circumferential direction for fixing the reformer 3 and the exhaust cooler 4 .

[0102] A plurality of third connecting bolts 305 are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals along the upper edge of the lower ring plate for fixedly connecting the lower ring plate and the lower cover plate 8 .

[0103] The combustion exhaust gas enters the reformer 3 through the second exhaust gas inlet 306, and the fuel gas and water enter the reformer 3 through the second fuel gas inlet pipe 301, the third fuel gas inlet pipe 303 and the water inlet pipe 302 respectively. The fuel gas, water and the combustion exhaust gas undergo a wall-to-wall heat exchange in the reformer 3, and the water evaporates to form water vapor. After the heat exchange is completed, the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the reformer 3 through the fourth exhaust gas outlet pipe 309, and the heated mixture of fuel gas and water enters the mixed flow channel of the reformer 3. After reaching the catalyst layer 304, the mixture of water vapor and fuel gas is catalytically reformed to generate hydrogen-containing synthesis gas and is discharged from the reforming gas outlet pipe 308. The first temperature sensor 307 monitors the temperature of the hydrogen-containing synthesis gas leaving the reformer 3.

[0104] like Figure 17-Figure 18 As shown, the exhaust cooler 4 is improved on the basis of the existing heat exchanger, and includes a coaxially arranged inner tube and outer tube, the top of the inner tube and the outer tube are connected to the upper ring plate, the bottom of the inner tube and the outer tube are connected to the lower ring plate, and a heat exchange component is provided between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the heat exchange component includes an upper ring tube, a core and a lower ring tube, the upper ring tube is connected to the exhaust flow path in the core through a connecting tube, and the lower ring tube is connected to the exhaust flow path in the core through a connecting tube to form a battery exhaust flow path, and the external space of the lower ring tube and the upper ring tube and the air flow path in the core form an air flow path.

[0105] The upper ring pipe is connected to the exhaust inlet pipe 408 provided on the upper ring plate, and the lower ring pipe is connected to the exhaust outlet pipe 403 provided on the lower ring plate. The exhaust inlet pipe 408 is installed with a fourth temperature sensor 407 , and the exhaust outlet pipe 403 is installed with a second temperature sensor 402 .

[0106] The lower ring plate is provided with a third air inlet pipe 405 connected to the air flow channel. The third air inlet pipe 405 can be connected to the external cold air pipeline through a plurality of twelfth bolt holes 404 provided at its air outlet end. The third air inlet pipe 405 is also provided with a third temperature sensor 406.

[0107] The upper ring plate is provided with a second air outlet 401 , and a plurality of sixth connecting bolts 410 are provided on the outer periphery of the second air outlet 401 for connecting with the pipeline 7 .

[0108] The battery exhaust enters the battery exhaust flow channel through the exhaust inlet pipe 408, and the cold air enters the air flow channel through the third air inlet pipe 405. The battery exhaust and the cold air perform a wall-to-wall heat exchange. After the heat exchange, the battery exhaust is discharged through the exhaust outlet pipe 403. The air after the heat exchange enters the pipeline 7 through the second air outlet 401 and then enters the air heat exchanger 2.

[0109] A plurality of fifth connecting bolts 409 are arranged on the top surface of the upper ring plate along the annular direction, and the exhaust cooler 4 is fixedly connected to the reformer 3 via the fifth connecting bolts 409 and the eleventh bolt holes 311 .

[0110] like Fig.19 As shown, one end of the pipeline 7 serves as the fourth air inlet 702, and the end is provided with a plurality of thirteenth bolt holes 701. The pipeline 7 is connected to the second air outlet 401 of the exhaust cooler 4 through the thirteenth bolt hole 701 and the sixth connecting bolt 410. The other end of the pipeline 7 serves as the third air outlet 705, and the end is provided with a plurality of fourteenth bolt holes 704 and is connected to the second air inlet pipe 220 through the fourteenth bolt hole 704 and the seventh bolt hole 229.

[0111] The air after heat exchange in the exhaust gas cooler 4 can enter the air heat exchanger 2, thereby performing a wall-type heat exchange with the exhaust gas.

[0112] A seventh temperature sensor 703 is provided on the pipeline 7 for detecting the temperature of the air after heat exchange discharged from the exhaust cooler 4. Figure 20-21 As shown, the fuel cell integrated thermal component also includes a lower cover plate 8, and a plurality of seventeenth bolt holes 809 are provided on the outer edge of the lower cover plate 8, which is connected to the bottom of the reformer 3 through the seventeenth bolt hole 809 and the third connecting bolt 305. The lower cover plate 8 is also provided with a sixteenth bolt hole 804, and is connected to the bottom of the air heat exchanger 2 through the sixteenth bolt hole 804 and the second connecting bolt 234. The upper surface of the lower cover plate 8 is also provided with a second inner slot 806, and the bottom end of the inner cylinder wall 24 is plugged and fixed to the lower cover plate 8 through the second inner slot 806. The upper surface of the lower cover plate 8 is also provided with a second outer slot 808, and the bottom end of the outer cylinder wall 21 is plugged and fixed to the lower cover plate 8 through the second outer slot 808, so that the inner cylinder wall 24 and the outer cylinder wall 21 separate the primary heat exchange component 23 and the secondary heat exchange component 22 from the internal and external environments.

[0113] An exhaust gas containing chamber is formed between the lower cover plate 8 and the first exhaust gas outlet pipe 105 of the burner 1, and the exhaust gas containing chamber is connected to the first exhaust gas inlet 241. An air mixing component is also provided on the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 8. The mixing chamber inside the air mixing component is connected to the first air outlet pipe 233. The air mixing component is connected to a fifth air inlet pipe 801 as a cold air inlet pipe for introducing cold air into the mixing chamber. A fifteenth bolt hole 802 is provided at the air outlet end of the air mixing component for connecting the air mixing component to an external pipeline. The cold air introduced into the mixing chamber by the fifth air inlet pipe 801 is mixed with the air exhausted from the first air outlet pipe 233 and then discharged after being cooled.

[0114] A ninth temperature sensor 807 is provided at the center of the lower cover plate 8 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the burner 1. The air mixing component is provided with an eighth temperature sensor 805 connected to the mixing chamber for detecting the temperature of the mixed air.

[0115] The assembly method of the fuel cell integrated thermal component of this embodiment is as follows:

[0116] like Fig. 22 As shown, the first step is to assemble the air heat exchanger 2. Align the secondary heat exchange component 22 and the primary heat exchange component 23 and connect them with bolts; Fig. 22 (c) as shown; insert the outer cylinder wall 21 and the inner cylinder wall 24 into the slot to complete the installation of the inner and outer cylinder walls, such as Fig. 22 (e) shows the assembly of the air heat exchanger 2. The second step is to install the burner 1. The burner 1 is installed into the air heat exchanger 2 from the upper sleeve and connected with bolts to complete the installation of the burner 1. Fig. 22 (g) As shown. The third step is to install the reformer 3. The reformer 3 is placed on the outside of the air heat exchanger 2 from the bottom and fixed with bolts to complete the installation of the reformer 3. Fig. 22 (i) As shown. Step 4: Install the lower cover plate 8. Turn over the modules installed in steps 1 to 3, and fix the lower cover plate 8 to the air heat exchanger 2 and the reformer 3 with bolts to complete the installation of the lower cover plate 8. Fig. 22 (k) As shown. Step 5, install the exhaust cooler 4. Install the exhaust cooler 4 from the bottom to the outside of the reformer 3 and fix it with bolts to complete the installation of the exhaust cooler 4. Fig. 22 Step 6: Install pipeline 7, as shown in Fig. 22 Step 7: Install the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe, as shown in Fig. 22 At this point, the installation process of the integrated thermal component is completed, and the cross-sectional view of the entire fuel cell integrated thermal component is as follows: Fig.23 shown.

[0117] The working principle of the fuel cell integrated thermal component of this embodiment is:

[0118] The fuel gas and air enter the burner 1 through the first fuel gas inlet pipe 102 and the first air inlet pipe 101 respectively. The high-temperature combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion flows out from the first exhaust gas outlet pipe 105 and then enters the air heat exchanger 2. The high-temperature combustion exhaust gas first flows through the primary heat exchange component 23 and then is split. A part of the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the air heat exchanger 2 through the second exhaust gas outlet 211 and enters the exhaust channel of the reformer 3, and the other part enters the secondary heat exchange component 22. At the same time, the air flowing out from the second air outlet 401 on the exhaust cooler 4 enters the secondary heat exchange component 22 in the air heat exchanger 2 through the pipeline 7 and the second air inlet pipe 220 on the air heat exchanger 2. The air and the diverted combustion exhaust gas exchange heat in the secondary heat exchange component 22. After the heat exchange, the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the integrated heat component through the third exhaust gas outlet pipe 225. The heated air then enters the primary heat exchange component 23. The air and all the combustion exhaust gas exchange heat in the primary heat exchange component 23. Then the air flows through the first air outlet pipe 233, the fourth air outlet 803 on the lower cover plate 8, and is mixed with the cold air from the fifth air inlet pipe 801, and is then discharged from the integrated heat component.

[0119] The combustion exhaust gas diverted from the air heat exchanger 2 enters the exhaust flow channel of the reformer 3 through the second exhaust gas inlet 306 on the reformer 3. At the same time, water and fuel gas enter the mixture flow channel of the reformer 3 through the water inlet pipe 302, the second fuel gas inlet pipe 301, and the third fuel gas inlet pipe 303 respectively. The water and fuel gas perform interwall heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas, and the water evaporates to become water vapor. The mixture of water vapor and fuel gas simultaneously undergoes reforming reaction in the catalyst layer 304 in the reformer 3 to generate hydrogen-containing synthesis gas, which is discharged from the integrated thermal component through the reformed gas outlet pipe 308.

[0120] like Fig.24 As shown, the operation logic of the integrated thermal component of this embodiment is as follows:

[0121] The integrated thermal component operation logic is as follows:

[0122] a) Burner 1 ignition: The system starts, the burner 1 self-checks, starts the air 1 supply, starts the air 2 supply and closes the branch air pipeline connected to the fifth air inlet pipe 801, starts the gas 1 supply, and burner 1 ignites. After the burner 1 is successfully ignited, the air 1 and gas 1 supply amounts are adjusted to increase the temperature of the hot parts, and T9 is monitored at the same time to ensure the stable operation of burner 1;

[0123] b) System temperature rise: adjust the first flow regulator 502 and the second flow regulator 601 to ensure that the air heat exchanger 2 and the reformer 3 are heated;

[0124] c) Reformer 3 purging: After the outlet temperature T6 of the tail gas side of the reformer 3 reaches the set requirement, the water supply is started, and the combustion tail gas entering the tail gas channel of the reformer 3 is used to evaporate water to form water vapor, and the fuel side is purged with water;

[0125] d) Water reforming: After the exhaust gas from the reformed gas outlet pipe 308 of the reformer 3 reaches the set temperature T1, the supply of fuel gas 2 is started to start the reforming reaction;

[0126] e) Reforming power regulation: adjust the supply of fuel gas 2 to increase the reforming power to the set value. Since the reforming reaction process needs to absorb heat, it is necessary to adjust the second flow regulator 601 and the first flow regulator 502 to ensure that the temperature of the hydrogen-containing synthesis gas discharged from the reforming gas outlet pipe 308 reaches the set value T1;

[0127] f) Hot air outlet temperature regulation: Start the branch air connected to the fifth air inlet pipe 801, and adjust the air distribution pipeline to ensure that the hot air outlet temperature reaches the set temperature T8. If the branch adjustment cannot ensure that the hot air outlet temperature T8 and the reforming gas outlet pipe 308 temperature T1 meet the requirements at the same time, the burner 1 outlet temperature T9 can be controlled by adjusting the fuel gas 1 supply to ensure that the hot air outlet temperature T8 and the hydrogen-containing synthesis gas outlet temperature T1 meet the requirements at the same time.

[0128] The integrated thermal component of this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0129] (1) High integration, can be used alone or in combination with fuel cells;

[0130] (2) Easy assembly and quick replacement of parts help reduce costs;

[0131] (3) The subcomponents are arranged in a sleeve-type structure, which is small in size and high in power density;

[0132] (4) Short connecting pipes between sub-components help reduce pressure drop losses;

[0133] (5) The sleeve-type structure and short connecting pipes help reduce the exposed surface area, and the operating temperature of the core hot parts tends to decrease from the inside to the outside, which helps to reduce heat loss and thermal stress;

[0134] (6) The fuel cell integrated thermal components can accurately adjust the flow and temperature to meet the needs of changing operating conditions.

[0135] Example 3

[0136] This embodiment provides a fuel cell system, such as Fig.25 As shown, it includes the fuel cell integrated thermal component described in Example 2.

[0137] Among them, the exhaust inlet pipe 408 is connected to the battery exhaust pipeline. In this embodiment, it also includes a first gas source defined as gas 1, a second gas source defined as gas 2, a first air source defined as air 1, and a second air source defined as air 2.

[0138] The first air inlet pipe 101 is connected to the air 1, the first gas inlet pipe 102 is connected to the gas 1, and the air required by the burner 1 can be provided by the outside air and the hot air exhausted by the integrated thermal component alone or together. When the integrated thermal component is coupled with a device such as a fuel cell for operation, the fuel required by the burner 1 can be provided by the outside gas and (battery) exhaust alone or together, and the required air can be provided by the outside air and the hot air exhausted by the battery alone or together.

[0139] The second gas inlet pipe 301 and the third gas inlet pipe 303 are connected to the gas 2, and the water inlet pipe 302 is connected to a water source.

[0140] After air distribution, one path of the air 2 is connected to the third air inlet pipe 405 of the exhaust cooler 4 , and the other path is connected to the fifth air inlet pipe 801 .

[0141] When the fuel cell system of this embodiment is in operation, the ninth temperature sensor 807 monitors the temperature T9 of the exhaust gas discharged from the burner 1. On the one hand, it is used to monitor whether the burner 1 is ignited successfully at startup, and on the other hand, it monitors the temperature of the combustion zone during operation to determine whether it is extinguished or overheated. The first temperature sensor 307 monitors the temperature T1 of the hydrogen-containing synthesis gas leaving the integrated thermal component. If the temperature T1 does not meet the requirements, the second flow regulator 601 is adjusted first, and the first flow regulator 502 is adjusted secondly. By adjusting the diversion ratio of the exhaust gas in the reformer 3 and the air heat exchanger 2, it is ensured that T1 meets the system requirements. This adjustment method has a fast adjustment response speed and is convenient for precise control.

[0142] When T1 meets the requirements, the eighth temperature sensor 805 monitors the air outlet temperature T8 leaving the integrated thermal component. If T8 cannot meet the requirements, the air distribution ratio is adjusted first. If T8 still cannot meet the requirements, the flow of gas 1 needs to be adjusted to change the burner 1 outlet temperature T9, so that T8 can meet the system requirements while ensuring that T1 meets the system requirements. The fourth temperature sensor 407 monitors the battery exhaust temperature T4 entering the integrated thermal component, the second temperature sensor 402 monitors the battery exhaust temperature T2 leaving the integrated thermal component, the third temperature sensor 406 monitors the cold air temperature T3 entering the integrated thermal component, the fifth temperature sensor 501 monitors the combustion exhaust temperature T5 leaving the air heat exchanger 2, the sixth temperature sensor 602 monitors the combustion exhaust temperature T6 leaving the reformer 3, and the seventh temperature sensor 703 monitors the air temperature T7 leaving the exhaust cooler 4, which is used to evaluate the working state of the integrated thermal component.

[0143] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An air heat exchanger, characterized in that: The invention comprises an inner cylinder wall and an outer cylinder wall which are coaxially arranged, an annular top cover is connected to the top ends of the inner cylinder wall and the outer cylinder wall, a primary heat exchange component is provided in the space between the inner cylinder wall and the outer cylinder wall, a secondary heat exchange component is detachably connected above the primary heat exchange component, the tail gas flow passages of the primary heat exchange component and the secondary heat exchange component are connected, the air flow passages are connected, a tail gas inlet connected to the tail gas flow passage inlet of the primary heat exchange component is provided at the bottom end of the inner cylinder wall, a tail gas outlet pipe connected to the tail gas flow passage of the secondary heat exchange component is provided on the annular top cover, an air inlet pipe connected to the air flow passage inlet end of the secondary heat exchange component is also provided on the annular top cover, an air outlet is provided at the air flow passage outlet end of the primary heat exchange component, and a tail gas outlet for introducing the tail gas into the reformer is provided on the outer cylinder wall corresponding to the junction position of the secondary heat exchange component and the primary heat exchange component.

2. The air heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner slot is arranged on the bottom surface of the annular top cover, and the top end of the inner cylinder wall is plugged and fixed with the annular top cover through the inner slot. An outer slot is also arranged on the bottom surface of the annular top cover, and the top end of the outer cylinder wall is plugged and fixed with the annular top cover through the outer slot.

3. The air heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of tail gas inlets are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder wall.

4. The air heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of tail gas outlets are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder wall.

5. The air heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the tail gas outlet pipe is connected to a first tail gas discharge pipe, and a flow regulator is arranged in the first tail gas discharge pipe.

6. The air heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is arranged in the first tail gas exhaust pipe.

7. The air heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the outer cylinder wall portion corresponding to the primary heat exchange component is smaller than the outer cylinder wall portion corresponding to the secondary heat exchange component.

8. A fuel cell integrated thermal component, characterized in that: The invention comprises the air heat exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the air heat exchanger is sleeved on the outer periphery of the burner, the reformer is sleeved on the outer periphery of the air heat exchanger, the exhaust cooler is sleeved on the outer periphery of the reformer, the exhaust gas outlet pipe of the burner is connected with the exhaust gas inlet of the air heat exchanger, the exhaust gas outlet of the air heat exchanger is connected with the exhaust gas flow channel of the reformer, the reformer is also provided with a mixture channel capable of exchanging heat with its internal exhaust gas flow channel, the mixture channel is used to pass water and gas and carries a catalyst, the exhaust cooler is provided with a battery exhaust flow channel and an air flow channel capable of exchanging heat, and the outlet end of the air channel of the exhaust cooler is connected with the air inlet pipe of the air heat exchanger through a connecting pipeline.

9. The fuel cell integrated thermal component according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outlet end of the tail gas channel of the reformer is connected to a second tail gas exhaust pipe, and a flow regulator is arranged in the second tail gas exhaust pipe.

10. The fuel cell integrated thermal component according to claim 8, characterized in that: A lower cover plate is fixed at the bottom of the air heat exchanger and the reformer, and an exhaust gas receiving chamber is formed between the lower cover plate and the exhaust gas outlet pipe of the burner. The exhaust gas receiving chamber is connected to the exhaust gas inlet of the air heat exchanger as the exhaust gas discharge end of the burner.

11. The fuel cell integrated thermal component according to claim 10, characterized in that: A mixing chamber is also provided at the bottom end of the lower cover plate. The mixing chamber is communicated with the air outlet of the air heat exchanger, and the mixing chamber is also communicated with the cold air inlet pipe.

12. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell integrated thermal component of claim 8 is provided, wherein the battery exhaust flow passage of the exhaust cooler is communicated with the exhaust passage of the fuel cell system.

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