Method for transforming and utilizing moderate and severe saline-alkali soil by using mulching film and drip irrigation tape

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil transformation and utilization. The invention provides a method for transforming and utilizing moderate and severe saline-alkali soil by utilizing a mulching film and a drip irrigation tape. The method comprises the following steps: (1) dividing the saline-alkali soil to be transformed and utilized into a strip-shaped planting area and a salt enrichment area; (2) laying a drip irrigation tape in the planting area, and covering the planting area with a mulching film; (3) watering by utilizing a drip irrigation belt, and watering for 1-6 times at intervals; and (4) detecting the salt content in the soil in the planting area, and after the salt content is reduced to a range suitable for crop growth, punching sowing holes in the mulching film and sowing. According to the method, water drives salt to move, after watering is conducted every time, along with evaporation of water in the salt enrichment area, salt in the planting area gradually flows to the enrichment area, and the salt is left in the enrichment area after the water is evaporated. According to the method, ridging is not needed, the drip irrigation tape and the mulching film are directly laid on the flat ground, machine operation is facilitated, and the field operation efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of transformation and utilization of saline-alkali land, and in particular to a method for transforming and utilizing medium-to-severe saline-alkali land by utilizing ground film and drip irrigation tape. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of Ca is accumulated in saline-alkali soil 2+ Mg 2+ , K + 、Na + Salt ions such as salt ions are redistributed in the horizontal or vertical direction of the soil, causing salt to gradually accumulate on the soil surface, affecting the normal growth of plants; under this condition, saline-alkali soil becomes compacted, soil porosity becomes smaller, and air permeability and water permeability become worse and worse, affecting the growth, abundance, metabolism of functional microorganisms in the soil, as well as the activity of enzymes such as soil invertase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase and urease, and reducing the conversion rate of soil organic matter. Soil salt causes osmotic pressure imbalance in the root zone of crops, seriously affecting crop growth; soil salinization will destroy soil structure, reduce soil fertility, change the structure of soil animal communities, and affect the absorption and metabolic functions of plants.

[0003] The principle of traditional saline-alkali land management is to reduce the salt and alkali content in the soil through a series of measures and methods, thereby improving soil fertility and the ability to suit crop growth. The main principles include salt regulation, soil pH adjustment, leaching treatment, addition of organic matter and planting of salt-tolerant crops. At present, the main technologies for the transformation and utilization of saline-alkali land in my country include physical management measures, chemical management measures, biological management measures, etc. Physical transformation and utilization refers to the use of some physical methods to transform saline-alkali soil, such as covering with sand and guest soil, micro-area soil improvement, deep plowing and deep turning, and ground covering and digging of salt-alkali drainage channels, etc., in order to achieve the purpose of transformation and utilization of saline-alkali soil. Chemical transformation and utilization mainly refers to the addition of exogenous additives to saline-alkali soil, such as phosphogypsum, humic acid, superphosphate, peat, slag, vinegar residue, small molecule acid, etc. In this process, base replacement, that is, ion exchange, occurs in the soil, reducing the soil's sensitivity to Na + The adsorption of pollutants lowers the soil pH, changes the acidity and alkalinity, and ultimately reduces the degree of soil salinization. Chemical transformation and utilization will also affect the structural characteristics of the soil, and can achieve efficient management of saline-alkali land by increasing soil aggregates and increasing soil porosity. The principle of biological transformation and utilization is to absorb, transform and transport soil salt through the growth and metabolic activities of plants or microorganisms, thereby improving soil quality. The saline-alkali land that has been biologically transformed and utilized is both ecological and stable, which is beneficial to soil and water conservation and promotes the sustainable development of the ecological environment. Biological transformation and utilization technologies include plant restoration and microbial restoration. The disadvantage is that it takes a long time and requires high investment.

[0004] In recent years, although a lot of work has been carried out on the transformation and utilization of saline-alkali land, and great progress has been made in saline-alkali land management and farmland application, there are still problems such as large capital investment, lack of scientific management, unreasonable planning, and low management efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for transforming and utilizing moderate to severe saline-alkali land using mulch film and drip irrigation tape, so as to efficiently and conveniently achieve saline-alkali land management, effectively reduce the salt content in the soil, improve management efficiency, reduce management investment, and increase the emergence rate and yield of planted crops.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for transforming and utilizing moderately or severely saline-alkali land by using a ground film and a drip irrigation tape, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Divide the saline-alkali land to be transformed and utilized into strip-shaped planting areas and salt-enriched areas;

[0009] (2) Lay drip irrigation tape and ground film in the planting area;

[0010] (3) Use drip irrigation tape to water, watering at intervals of 1 to 6 times;

[0011] (4) Detect the salt content in the soil of the planting area. When the salt content drops to a range suitable for crop growth, drill sowing holes in the mulch and sow the seeds.

[0012] Preferably, the saline-alkali land to be transformed and utilized in step (1) is moderate saline-alkali land or severe saline-alkali land, the salt content in the moderate saline-alkali land is 6‰ to 12‰, and the salt content in the severe saline-alkali land is 12‰ to 20‰.

[0013] Preferably, the width of the planting area in step (1) is 40 to 190 cm.

[0014] Preferably, the salt-enriched area in step (1) is arranged between two adjacent planting areas, and the width of the salt-enriched area is 20 to 60 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the drip irrigation tape in step (2) is laid on the soil surface of the planting area and under the ground film, and 1 to 6 drip irrigation tapes are laid in each planting area.

[0016] Preferably, the frequency of watering in step (3) is 5 to 10 days / time, and the amount of watering each time is 8 to 32 m 3 / mu.

[0017] Preferably, the condition for drilling the seed holes in step (4) is that after one or more waterings and evaporation, the salt content is reduced to 1‰ to 6‰.

[0018] Preferably, the sowing holes in step (4) are on one or both sides of the drip irrigation tape, and the sowing holes are 5 to 15 cm away from the drip irrigation tape.

[0019] The present invention provides a method for transforming and utilizing moderately and severely saline-alkali land using ground film and drip irrigation tape, comprising the following steps: (1) dividing the saline-alkali land to be transformed and utilized into strip-shaped planting areas and salt-enriched areas; (2) laying drip irrigation tapes and ground film in the planting areas; (3) watering with drip irrigation tapes, with intervals of 1 to 6 times; (4) detecting the salt content in the soil of the planting area, and after the salt content is reduced to a range suitable for crop growth, drilling sowing holes in the ground film and sowing. Due to the scarce precipitation and strong evaporation in Xinjiang. The average annual rainfall in northern Xinjiang is 255 mm, and the average evaporation is 1500 to 2000 mm, and the annual evaporation is 6 to 15 times the annual precipitation. The average annual precipitation in southern Xinjiang is 106 mm, and the average annual evaporation is 2000 to 3040 mm, which is 20 to 30 times the annual precipitation. The method of the present invention makes full use of this feature to transform and utilize saline-alkali land. Through drip irrigation tape dripping, water drives the movement of salt in the soil covered with mulch film. After each drip irrigation tape watering, the moisture in the soil covered with mulch film increases, and the moisture flows to the area not covered with mulch film. In the area not covered with mulch film, the moisture evaporates, and the salt remains. The area covered with mulch film is blocked by mulch film, and the moisture cannot be evaporated away, so that the moisture flows to the area not covered with mulch film, and the salt comes to the area not covered with mulch film with the water, and the moisture evaporates, and the salt remains in the area not covered with salt, forming a salt-enriched area. This cycle is repeated once or multiple times. With the evaporation of the moisture in the salt-enriched area, the salt in the planting area gradually flows to the salt-enriched area, and the drip irrigation moisture brings the salt in the planting area covering the mulch film and the drip irrigation tape to the salt-enriched area, and the water is evaporated, and the salt remains in the enriched area. The method of transforming and utilizing saline-alkali land of the present invention does not need to be ridged, and the method of directly laying the drip irrigation tape and mulch film on flat ground is adopted, which is convenient for machine operation and greatly improves the efficiency of mechanical film laying and drip irrigation tape laying. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention provides a method for transforming and utilizing heavy saline-alkali land by using a ground film and a drip irrigation belt, comprising the following steps:

[0021] (1) Divide the saline-alkali land to be transformed and utilized into strip-shaped planting areas and salt-enriched areas;

[0022] (2) Lay drip irrigation tape and ground film in the planting area;

[0023] (3) Use drip irrigation tape to water, watering at intervals of 1 to 6 times;

[0024] (4) Detect the salt content in the soil of the planting area. When the salt content drops to a range suitable for crop growth, drill sowing holes in the mulch and sow the seeds.

[0025] Preferably, the saline-alkali land to be transformed and utilized in step (1) is moderate saline-alkali land or severe saline-alkali land, and the salt content in the moderate saline-alkali land is preferably 6‰ to 12‰, and more preferably 8‰, and the salt content in the severe saline-alkali land is preferably 12‰ to 20‰, and more preferably 16‰.

[0026] Preferably, the width of the planting area in step (1) is preferably 40 to 190 cm, more preferably 50 to 185 cm, and even more preferably 70 to 125 cm.

[0027] Preferably, the salt-enriched zone in step (1) is arranged between two adjacent planting zones, and the width of the salt-enriched zone is preferably 20 to 60 cm, more preferably 30 to 50 cm, and even more preferably 40 cm.

[0028] Preferably, the drip irrigation tape in step (2) is laid on the soil surface of the planting area and under the ground film. Preferably, 1 to 6 drip irrigation tapes are laid in each planting area, and more preferably, 2 to 3 drip irrigation tapes are laid.

[0029] Preferably, the frequency of watering in step (3) is preferably 5 to 10 days / time, more preferably 6 days / time, and the amount of watering each time is preferably 8 to 32 m 3 / mu, more preferably 16 to 24 m 3 / mu, and further preferably 20m 3 / mu.

[0030] Preferably, the conditions for drilling the seeding holes in step (4) are preferably: after one or more waterings and evaporation, the salt content is reduced to 1‰ to 6‰, more preferably 2‰ to 4‰;

[0031] Preferably, the sowing holes in step (4) are on one or both sides of the drip irrigation tape, and the distance between the sowing holes and the drip irrigation tape is preferably 5 to 15 cm, more preferably 10 cm.

[0032] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] On March 16, 2023, a test on the transformation and utilization of severe saline-alkali land was carried out in the experimental field of the 3rd Company of the 31st Regiment of the 2nd Division of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Production and Construction Corps. The area of ​​the selected experimental field is 60 mu, and the salt content of the soil before transformation and utilization was 17‰.

[0035] During the transformation and utilization, the experimental field was divided into strip-shaped planting areas and salt-enriched areas. The salt-enriched area was set between two adjacent planting areas. The width of the planting area was 185 cm, and the width of the salt-enriched area was 50 cm. Three drip irrigation belts and 2.05 m wide ground film were laid on the surface of the planting area. It took 8 hours and 30 minutes to complete the laying of ground film and drip irrigation belts on the 60 mu experimental field.

[0036] After covering the ground film, the first watering should be carried out according to the 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation belt watering; 6 days after watering, the second watering according to 32m 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation tape watering; 9 days after watering, the salt content in the soil was tested and the salt content did not drop below 6‰. The third watering was carried out at 25m 3 The land was watered with drip irrigation tape at the standard rate of 1 / mu. The salt content in the soil was tested 8 days after watering and it was found to have dropped to 5.8‰.

[0037] Make sowing holes on the mulch and sow cotton. The sowing rows (rows formed by holes) are distributed on one side of the drip irrigation belt. The drip irrigation belt is not in the middle of the narrow row sowing row, but in the middle of the wide row sowing row. The drip irrigation belt is 5 cm away from the sowing row on one side. The tractor drives the sowing disc to make sowing holes on the mulch, and sowing is completed at the same time.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] On April 3, 2023, a test on the transformation and utilization of moderate saline-alkali land was carried out in the experimental field of Tawenjueken Township, Bohu County, Bayinguoleng Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The area of ​​the selected experimental field is 160 mu, and the salt content of the soil was tested to be 9‰ before transformation and utilization.

[0040] During the transformation and utilization, the experimental field was divided into strip-shaped planting areas and salt-enriched areas. The salt-enriched area was set between two adjacent planting areas. The width of the planting area was 50 cm, and the width of the salt-enriched area was 20 cm. Two drip irrigation belts were laid on the surface of the planting area, with a spacing of 10 cm between the two drip irrigation belts, and covered with 70 cm wide mulch. It took 14 hours to complete the laying of mulch and drip irrigation belts on the 160 mu experimental field.

[0041] After covering the ground film, the first watering should be carried out at 8m 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation belt watering; 7 days after watering, the second watering was carried out, and the second watering was carried out according to 16m 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation belt watering; 7 days after watering, the third watering, the third watering according to 12m 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation belt watering; 7 days after watering, the fourth watering is carried out, the fourth watering is carried out according to 12m 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation tape for watering; on the 7th day after watering, the salt content in the soil under the plastic film in the planting area was tested. If the salt content did not drop below 2‰, the fifth watering was carried out; the fifth watering was carried out according to 8m 3 / mu of water was irrigated with drip irrigation tape. The salt content in the soil was tested on the 6th day after watering. The salt content did not drop below 2‰. The sixth watering was carried out at 8m 3 The land was watered with drip irrigation tape at the standard rate of 1 / mu. The salt content in the soil was tested 6 days after the watering was completed, and it was found that the salt content was reduced to 1.9‰.

[0042] Make sowing holes on the mulch and sow corn. The sowing rows (rows formed by sowing holes) are distributed on both sides of the drip irrigation belt. The sowing rows are 15 cm away from the drip irrigation belt, and the two drip irrigation belts are 10 cm apart. The tractor drives the sowing tray to make sowing holes on the mulch, and sowing is completed at the same time.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] On April 15, 2023, a test on the transformation and utilization of severe saline-alkali land was carried out in the test field in Sidaohezi Town, Shawan City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The area of ​​the selected test field is 90 mu, and the salt content of the soil before transformation and utilization was 13‰.

[0045] During the transformation and utilization, the experimental field was divided into strip-shaped planting areas and salt-enriched areas. The salt-enriched area was set between two adjacent planting areas. The width of the planting area was 115 cm, and the width of the salt-enriched area was 30 cm. Two drip irrigation belts were laid on the surface of the planting area, with a spacing of 35 cm between the two drip irrigation belts, and covered with 145 cm wide mulch. It took 8 hours to complete the laying of mulch and drip irrigation belts in the 90 mu experimental field.

[0046] After covering the ground film, the first watering should be carried out according to the 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation belt watering; 6 days after watering, the second watering, the second watering according to 18m 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation belt watering; 6 days after watering, the third watering, the third watering according to 10m 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation belt watering; 6 days after watering, the fourth watering is carried out, the fourth watering is carried out according to 15m 3 / mu standard using drip irrigation tape for watering; on the 7th day after watering, the salt content and pH value in the soil were tested. If the salt content did not drop below 6‰, the fifth watering was carried out; the fifth watering was carried out at 20m 3 / mu of land was watered using drip irrigation tape. The salt content and pH value in the soil were tested 9 days after watering. It was found that the salt content was reduced to 4.2‰ and the pH value was reduced to 7.4.

[0047] Make sowing holes on the mulch and sow corn. The sowing rows (rows formed by holes) are distributed on both sides of the drip irrigation belt. The narrow row sowing row spacing is 30cm. The inner sowing row of the narrow row sowing row (close to the central axis of the planting area) is 10cm away from the drip irrigation belt. The two drip irrigation belts are 35cm apart. The two drip irrigation belts are located in the wide row, and the wide row spacing is 55cm. The tractor drives the sowing tray to make sowing holes on the mulch, and sowing is completed at the same time.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] On March 16, 2023, a test on the transformation and utilization of severe saline-alkali land was carried out in the experimental field of the 3rd Company of the 31st Regiment of the 2nd Division of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Production and Construction Corps. The selected experimental field area is 60 mu. Before the transformation and utilization, the salt content of the soil was tested to be 17‰ and the pH value was 8.52.

[0050] During the transformation and utilization, the experimental field was built with strip ridges as planting areas, and the furrows between the ridges were used as salt enrichment areas. The furrows were set between two adjacent ridges, with a ridge surface width of 190 cm and a furrow width of 50 cm. Four drip irrigation belts were laid on the ridge surface and covered with mulch film. It took 27 hours to complete the laying of mulch film and drip irrigation belts on the 60-mu experimental field.

[0051] After covering the ground film, follow the 20m 3 / mu of land was watered using drip irrigation tape. The salt content and pH value in the soil were tested on the 5th day after watering. Watering was continued after the test. When the salt content and pH value in the soil were tested on the 5th day after the 4th watering, it was found that the salt content decreased to 1‰ and the pH value decreased to 7.2.

[0052] Drill sowing holes on the ground film, distributed on both sides of the drip irrigation tape, 15 cm away from the drip irrigation tape, and then carry out conventional planting in the planting holes.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] On April 3, 2023, a test on the transformation and utilization of moderate saline-alkali land was carried out in the experimental field of Tawenjueken Township, Bohu County, Bayinguoleng Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The area of ​​the selected experimental field is 160 mu. Before the transformation and utilization, the salt content of the soil was tested to be 9‰ and the pH value was 8.1.

[0055] During the transformation and utilization, the experimental field was built with strip ridges as planting areas, and the furrows between the ridges were used as salt enrichment areas. The furrows were set between two adjacent ridges, with a ridge surface width of 40 cm and a furrow width of 10 cm. A drip irrigation belt was laid on the ridge surface and covered with mulch film. It took 60 hours to complete the laying of mulch film and drip irrigation belts on the 160 mu experimental field.

[0056] After covering the ground film, follow the 8m 3The soil was watered using drip irrigation tape at the standard rate of 1 / mu. The salt content and pH value in the soil were tested on the 7th day after watering. It was found that the salt content was reduced to 4‰ and the pH value was reduced to 7.5.

[0057] Drill sowing holes on the ground film. The sowing holes are distributed on one side of the drip irrigation tape, 5 cm away from the drip irrigation tape. Then, conventional planting can be carried out in the planting holes.

[0058] Comparative Example 3

[0059] On April 15, 2023, a test on the transformation and utilization of severe saline-alkali land was carried out in the experimental field in Sidaohezi Town, Shawan City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The selected experimental field area is 90 mu. Before the transformation and utilization, the salt content of the soil was tested to be 13‰ and the pH value was 8.2.

[0060] During the transformation and utilization, the experimental field was built with strip ridges as planting areas, and the furrows between the ridges were used as salt enrichment areas. The furrows were set between two adjacent ridges, with a ridge surface width of 120 cm and a furrow width of 30 cm. Three drip irrigation belts were laid on the ridge surface and covered with mulch film. It took 34 hours to complete the laying of mulch film and drip irrigation belts in the 90-mu experimental field.

[0061] After covering the ground film, follow the 15m 3 / mu of land was watered using drip irrigation tape. The salt content and pH value in the soil were tested on the 6th day after watering. Watering was continued after the test. When the salt content and pH value in the soil were tested on the 6th day after the third watering, it was found that the salt content decreased to 2‰ and the pH value decreased to 7.4.

[0062] Drill sowing holes on the ground film, distributed on both sides of the drip irrigation tape, 10 cm away from the drip irrigation tape, and then carry out conventional planting in the planting holes.

[0063] in conclusion:

[0064] Example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1 were processed in the same area on the same day, Example 2 and comparative example 2 were processed in the same area on the same day, and Example 3 and comparative example 3 were processed in the same area on the same day. The number of personnel and machines used in laying the ground film and the drip irrigation tape were exactly the same.

[0065] It can be seen from the experimental results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 that the method of directly laying ground film and drip irrigation tape without ridging adopted in the present invention can effectively reduce the salt content and pH value in the soil. Compared with the ridge-forming and transformation method of the comparative test, although the speed of reducing the salt content and pH value is slightly slower, the method of directly laying drip irrigation tape and ground film on flat ground is convenient for machine operation, which greatly improves the efficiency of mechanical film laying and drip irrigation tape laying.

[0066] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention provides a method for transforming and utilizing moderately to severely saline-alkali soil using ground film and drip irrigation tape, comprising the following steps: (1) dividing the saline-alkali land to be transformed and utilized into strip-shaped planting areas and salt-enriched areas; (2) laying drip irrigation tapes and ground film in the planting areas; (3) using the drip irrigation tapes for watering, with watering intervals of 1 to 6 times; (4) detecting the salt content and pH value in the soil, and after the salt content and pH value are reduced to a range suitable for crop growth, drilling sowing holes in the ground film and sowing. The present invention drips water through the drip irrigation belt, and the water drives the movement of salt in the soil covered with the mulch film. After each drip irrigation belt watering, the moisture in the soil covered with the mulch film increases, and the moisture flows to the area not covered with the mulch film. In the area not covered with the mulch film, the moisture evaporates, and the salt remains. The area covered with the mulch film is blocked by the mulch film, so that the moisture flows to the area not covered with the mulch film, and the salt comes to the area not covered with the mulch film with the water, and the moisture evaporates, and the salt remains in the area not covered with the salt, forming a salt-enriched area. This cycle is repeated once or multiple times. With the evaporation of the moisture in the salt-enriched area, the salt in the planting area gradually flows to the salt-enriched area, and the drip irrigation moisture brings the salt in the planting area covering the mulch film and the drip irrigation belt to the salt-enriched area, and the water is evaporated, and the salt remains in the enriched area. The transformation and utilization method of the present invention does not need to be ridged, and the drip irrigation belt and the mulch film are directly laid on the flat ground, which is convenient for machine operation and greatly improves the efficiency of mechanical film laying and drip irrigation belt laying.

[0067] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for transforming and utilizing moderate to severe saline-alkali land using mulch film and drip irrigation tape, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Divide the saline-alkali land to be transformed and utilized into strip-shaped planting areas and salt-enriched areas; (2) Lay drip irrigation tape and ground film in the planting area; (3) Use drip irrigation tape to water, watering at intervals of 1 to 6 times; (4) Detect the salt content in the soil of the planting area. When the salt content drops to a range suitable for crop growth, drill sowing holes in the mulch and sow the seeds.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The saline-alkali land to be transformed and utilized in step (1) is moderate saline-alkali land or severe saline-alkali land, the salt content in the moderate saline-alkali land is 6‰ to 12‰, and the salt content in the severe saline-alkali land is 12‰ to 20‰.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The width of the planting area in step (1) is 40 to 190 cm.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (1), the salt-enriched area is arranged between two adjacent planting areas, and the width of the salt-enriched area is 20 to 60 cm.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The drip irrigation tape in step (2) is laid on the soil surface of the planting area and under the ground film, and 1 to 6 drip irrigation tapes are laid in each planting area.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The frequency of watering in step (3) is 5 to 10 days / time, and the amount of watering each time is 8 to 32 m 3 / mu.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The conditions for drilling the sowing holes and sowing in step (4) are: after one or more waterings and evaporation, the salt content is reduced to 1‰ to 6‰.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The sowing holes in step (4) are on one side or both sides of the drip irrigation tape, and the sowing holes are 5 to 15 cm away from the drip irrigation tape.