Fertilizing device for rape planting

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizing device for rape planting, and relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation. Through cooperation of the pumping machine and the discharging pipe, water and fertilizer can be conveniently and quantitatively conveyed into a field, the irrigation amount of the water and fertilizer is controlled, then through cooperation of the main water pipe and the water pipe valve, the inflow amount of water flow is controlled, and water is saved; through cooperation of a main return pipe and a water fertilizer barrel, redundant water fertilizer is recycled, the capacity of saving the water fertilizer and preventing waste is achieved, and the problem that water is wasted due to excessive water during irrigation and fertilization is finally solved; an irrigation field is divided into a plurality of uniformly distributed irrigation area square blocks, and a plurality of soil humidity detection points are arranged in each square block, so that comprehensive and detailed soil humidity data acquisition is carried out, and accurate mastering of soil humidity conditions is ensured; by comparing data of detection points at different positions in the square blocks, the soil humidity uniformity is judged, a basis is provided for precise irrigation, and it is avoided that partial areas are too wet or too dry to affect rape growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, and in particular to a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting. Background Art

[0002] Irrigation is a technical measure to supplement the water required by rapeseed. In order to ensure the normal growth of rapeseed and obtain high and stable yields, rapeseed must be supplied with sufficient water. Under natural conditions, irrigation can make up for the lack of rainfall or uneven distribution of rainfall that cannot meet the rapeseed's water requirements; fertilization refers to the agricultural technical measure of applying fertilizer to the soil or spraying it on plants to provide the nutrients needed by plants and maintain and improve soil fertility. The main purpose of fertilization is to increase rapeseed yield, improve rapeseed quality and increase economic benefits;

[0003] Fertigation technology is to combine the water and nutrients for the growth and development of rapeseed to establish an irrigation and fertilization device. Fertilizer can be added during the irrigation process to achieve the effect of fertilization to ensure the growth of rapeseed. However, as the most precious resource on the earth, water should be reasonably controlled. If there is insufficient water, it will affect the growth of rapeseed, but too much water will not only waste water resources, but also cause the rapeseed to suffer from lack of oxygen and root necrosis. Therefore, controlling the amount of water used in the irrigation process has become a necessary technical measure.

[0004] In the prior art, when the corresponding irrigated land is irrigated and fertilized, water and fertilizer are usually directly irrigated. Due to the different soil moisture in different locations of the irrigated land, when the same proportion of water and fertilizer is irrigated, some areas of the land will not be completely moistened, and some areas of the land will be too moist. Too much or too little water will affect the growth of rapeseed; and during the process of irrigating and fertilizing, the amount of water and fertilizer sprayed by the fertigation device will be disturbed by external environmental factors, so that the actual amount received by the rapeseed is not equal, which affects the normal growth of the rapeseed;

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting in view of the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting, comprising a base frame, a support plate is arranged above the front of the top of the base frame through a support column, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the back of the support plate, a pumping machine is fixedly installed in the middle of the top surface of the mounting frame, a water channel assembly is arranged in front of the pumping machine, a fertilizer channel assembly is arranged on one side of the pumping machine, a loop assembly is arranged behind the pumping machine, the bottom surface of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the base frame, a water and fertilizer barrel is arranged at the rear of the top surface of the base frame, a fertilizer adding port is arranged on one side of the top surface of the water and fertilizer barrel, the front end surface of the water and fertilizer barrel abuts the mounting frame, and a control assembly is fixedly installed on the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame;

[0008] The control component also includes a monitoring module, an analysis module and a regulation module;

[0009] The monitoring module detects the soil moisture data of the irrigated field and the nearby environmental data, and transmits the detected data to the analysis module; the environmental data includes temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours data;

[0010] The analysis module analyzes and processes the soil moisture data, temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours data transmitted by the monitoring module, determines the actual required irrigation amount of the irrigated land, and transmits the actual required irrigation amount of the irrigated land to the regulation module;

[0011] The regulating module calculates the irrigation time required for the corresponding irrigated land area according to the irrigation amount per unit time of the fertigation device and the actual irrigation amount required for the irrigated land.

[0012] Preferably, the control component includes a controller, which is obliquely mounted and fixed on one side of the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame, and the bottom surface of the controller is connected to a transmitter via a wire, and the transmitter is fixed to the inner top surface of the mounting frame.

[0013] Preferably, the water circuit assembly comprises a main water pipe, a water pipe valve is provided on the main water pipe, one end of the main water pipe is connected to a mixing pipe, and the top end of the mixing pipe is connected to a port on the front end face of the pumping machine.

[0014] Preferably, the fertilizer circuit assembly includes a main fertilizer pipe, the rear end of the main fertilizer pipe is connected to the bottom side of the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel, a filter is installed on the main fertilizer pipe, the other end of the main fertilizer pipe is connected to a transparent inspection tube, the top surface of the transparent inspection tube is connected to a fertilizer pipe valve, and the top surface of the fertilizer pipe valve is connected to the mixed flow pipe through a branch fertilizer pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the loop assembly includes a branch return pipe, one end of which is connected to the mixing pipe, the other end of which is connected to the main return pipe, and the other end of which is connected to the upper end of the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel.

[0016] Preferably, a discharge pipe is connected to the port on the top surface of the pumping machine, a discharge pipe valve is provided on the discharge pipe, and the bottom surface of the discharge pipe valve is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the water fertilizer barrel;

[0017] Preferably, the analysis module determines the soil moisture of the irrigated land in the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Divide the irrigated field into a number of evenly distributed irrigation area blocks, and detect the soil moisture data in each irrigation area block; draw a frame with the boundary of the irrigation area block, proportionally reduce the drawn frame according to the set reduction ratio, calculate the distance d between the reduced drawn frame and the center of the drawn frame, and proportionally reduce the reduced drawn frame again according to the reduction ratio d / 2, set soil moisture detection points at the endpoints of the first reduced drawn frame and the second reduced drawn frame and the center of the drawn frame, and detect the soil moisture of the irrigation area block;

[0019] Step 2: Remove the outliers in the soil moisture data, then calculate the mean of the remaining soil moisture data, and record the calculated soil moisture mean as the soil moisture data of the detection point; compare the soil moisture data on the left and right sides of the first reduced drawing border and the second reduced drawing border. If the soil moisture data on the left side of the first reduced drawing border and the second reduced drawing border are both greater than the soil moisture data on the right side, and exceed 20% of the soil moisture data on the right side, it is determined that the soil moisture of the land on the left and right sides of the irrigation area block is uneven;

[0020] Step 3: Calculate and sum the irrigation volume data of each irrigation area block to obtain the total irrigation volume data of the irrigated field; calculate the required amount of water resources and fertilizer according to the ratio of water to fertilizer in the total irrigation volume data.

[0021] Preferably, the analysis module determines the environmental factors in the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, record the changes in temperature data and corresponding irrigation amount data, and obtain the temperature T and irrigation amount I according to the changes in temperature data and irrigation amount data. w There is the following relationship between I w =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)], I0 is the initial irrigation amount data, T0 is the initial temperature data, k1 is the preset coefficient related to the temperature;

[0023] Step 2: Relative humidity RH is a common indicator for measuring air humidity. When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil humidity data, record the changes in air humidity data and corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the air humidity and irrigation amount I q There is the following relationship between I q=I0*[1-k2*(RH-RH0)], k2 is the preset coefficient related to air humidity, RH0 is the initial relative humidity data;

[0024] Step 3: When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, record the changes in wind speed data and corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the wind speed v and irrigation amount I f There is the following relationship between I f =I0*[1+k3*v], k3 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed;

[0025] Step 4: When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, record the changes in the sunshine hours data and the corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the sunshine hours S and irrigation amount I r There is the following relationship between I r =I0*[1+k4*S], k4 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed;

[0026] Step 5: Irrigation Amount I Z The relationship between I Z =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)-k2*(RH-RH0)+k3*v+k4*S], the irrigation data I Z Compare with the calculated irrigation amount data I, if I Z If the ratio of / I is greater than the preset comparison threshold, it is determined that the environmental factors have a greater impact on the irrigation amount, and the irrigation amount needs to be adjusted to I Z .

[0027] Preferably, the steps of the regulating module for performing fertigation operation are as follows:

[0028] Step 1: The monitoring module detects the fertilization speed of the fertilization device, and the analysis module calculates the fertilization amount of the fertilization device per unit time. The soil moisture data at the soil moisture detection point can be used to calculate the irrigation time required for the detection point to reach the preset soil moisture data;

[0029] Step 2: When the adjustment module performs irrigation and fertilization operations in the corresponding area at the corresponding time, it performs timing operations, and after the timing is completed, it reminds the user to move to the next fertilization point for fertilization operations; and after the irrigation amount per unit time changes, it automatically calculates the time required for irrigation.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. Through the cooperation of the pumping machine and the discharge pipe, it is convenient to quantitatively transport water and fertilizer to the field, control the amount of water and fertilizer irrigation, and then through the cooperation of the main water pipe and the water pipe valve, control the amount of water flow entering to save water; and through the cooperation of the main return pipe and the water and fertilizer barrel, recycle the excess water and fertilizer, realize the ability to save water and fertilizer and prevent waste, and finally solve the problem of excessive water waste during irrigation and fertilization;

[0032] 2. By dividing the irrigated field into multiple evenly distributed irrigation area blocks, multiple soil moisture detection points are set in each block to conduct comprehensive and detailed soil moisture data collection to ensure accurate grasp of soil moisture conditions; sort the detected soil moisture data, calculate the interquartile range, remove outliers and take the average as the soil moisture data of the detection point to improve the reliability and representativeness of the data; by comparing the data of detection points at different positions in the block, the uniformity of soil moisture is judged to provide a basis for precise irrigation to avoid excessive moisture or dryness in some areas affecting rapeseed growth; according to the difference between the soil moisture data of each irrigation area block and the preset value, combined with the block area and irrigation depth, the irrigation amount of each area and the entire field, as well as the required amount of water resources and fertilizers, is accurately calculated to achieve precise irrigation and fertilization to avoid waste of water resources and fertilizers;

[0033] 3. By monitoring environmental data such as temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours, and through actual records and data analysis, a quantitative relationship model between environmental factors and irrigation amount is established to accurately evaluate the impact of environmental factors on irrigation amount, so that the irrigation amount can meet the growth of rapeseed without causing waste of water resources and fertilizers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the device proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic front view of the overall appearance of the device proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic side view of the overall appearance of the device proposed by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the control assembly structure proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the water channel assembly structure proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fertilizer path assembly structure proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the circuit assembly structure proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a system flow chart of the present invention.

[0043] Serial numbers in the figure: 1. Base frame; 2. Support plate; 3. Mounting frame; 4. Water fertilizer barrel; 5. Controller; 6. Transmitter; 7. Main water pipe; 8. Water pipe valve; 9. Mixing pipe; 10. Pumping machine; 11. Main fertilizer pipe; 12. Filter; 13. Transparent inspection tube; 14. Fertilizer pipe valve; 15. Branch fertilizer pipe; 16. Branch return pipe; 17. Main return pipe; 18. Discharge pipe; 19. Discharge pipe valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0045] Example: See Figure 1-8 A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting in the present invention comprises a base frame 1, characterized in that: a support plate 2 is arranged above the front of the top of the base frame 1 through a support column, a mounting frame 3 is fixedly connected to the back of the support plate 2, a pumping machine 10 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top surface of the mounting frame 3, a water channel assembly is arranged in front of the pumping machine 10, a fertilizer channel assembly is arranged on one side of the pumping machine 10, and a loop assembly is arranged behind the pumping machine 10, the bottom surface of the mounting frame 3 is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the base frame 1, a water fertilizer barrel 4 is arranged at the rear of the top surface of the base frame 1, a fertilizer adding port is arranged on one side of the top surface of the water fertilizer barrel 4, the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel 4 abuts the mounting frame 3, and a control component is fixedly installed on the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame 3, and the modular design facilitates the maintenance and upgrading of the device, thereby improving the practicality; the control component comprises a controller 5, the controller 5 is obliquely installed and fixed on one side of the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame 3, the bottom surface of the controller 5 is connected to a transmitter 6 through a wire, and the transmitter 6 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the mounting frame 3, and the cooperation between the controller 5 and the transmitter 6 facilitates the timing control of the switch of the valve body, thereby improving the practicality.

[0046] The control component also includes a monitoring module, an analysis module and a regulation module;

[0047] Scan the irrigated field, then construct a graphic of the entire irrigated field on the drawing, calculate the area of ​​the graphic, and then divide the graphic into a number of evenly distributed irrigation area blocks according to the area of ​​the graphic, and detect the soil moisture data in each irrigation area block; draw a frame with the boundary of the irrigation area block, proportionally reduce the drawn frame according to the set reduction ratio, calculate the distance d between the reduced drawn frame and the center of the drawn frame, and proportionally reduce the reduced drawn frame again according to the reduction ratio d / 2, set soil moisture detection points at the endpoints of the first reduced drawn frame and the second reduced drawn frame and the center of the drawn frame, and detect the soil moisture of the irrigation area block;

[0048] The n soil moisture data detected at a soil moisture detection point are sorted according to the data size, and the n / 4th and 3n / 4th soil moisture data after being sorted in ascending order are taken, which are recorded as Q1 and Q3 respectively. The interquartile range IQR of this set of soil moisture data is IQR = Q3-Q1, and the fluctuation range of this set of soil moisture data is set to [Q1-3IQR / 2, Q3+3IQR / 2]. The soil moisture data that are not within the fluctuation range are removed, and then the remaining soil moisture data are averaged, and the calculated soil moisture average is recorded as the soil moisture data of the detection point;

[0049] The soil moisture data detected by each soil moisture detection point in the irrigation area block are compared, and each soil moisture detection point is marked from the outside to the inside and in a clockwise direction, recorded as TR1, TR2, ..., TR9, and the soil moisture data on the left and right sides of the first reduced depiction border and the second reduced depiction border are compared. If the soil moisture data on the left side of the first reduced depiction border and the second reduced depiction border are both greater than the soil moisture data on the right side, and exceed 20% of the soil moisture data on the right side, it is determined that the soil moisture of the land on the left and right sides of the irrigation area block is uneven; and the soil moisture data on the upper and lower sides are compared. The same analysis is performed. If the soil moisture data on the upper side of the first reduced border and the second reduced border are both greater than the soil moisture data on the lower side, and exceed 20% of the soil moisture data on the lower side, then it is determined that the soil moisture of the land on the upper and lower sides of the irrigation area block is uneven; the soil moisture data of the detection points on each side are compared. If the absolute value of the difference between the ratio of the soil moisture data of adjacent detection points and data 1 is less than 0.2, then it is determined that the humidity on the same side is uniform, and the mean of the soil moisture data on the corresponding side is recorded as the soil moisture data on the corresponding side; otherwise, it is determined that the irrigation on this side is carried out according to the soil moisture data of the detection point;

[0050] The soil moisture data of each irrigation area block is calculated, and the difference between the soil moisture data of each irrigation area block and the preset soil moisture data is calculated. The irrigation amount data of the corresponding irrigation area block is equal to the soil moisture data difference multiplied by the area of ​​the irrigation area block multiplied by the irrigation depth data. The irrigation amount data of each irrigation area block is calculated and summed to obtain the total irrigation amount data of the irrigated field. The required amount of water resources and fertilizers can be calculated according to the ratio of water to fertilizer in the total irrigation amount data, so that no excess water resources and fertilizers will be wasted during water and fertilizer irrigation; the irrigation and fertilization speed of the irrigation and fertilization device is detected to obtain the irrigation and fertilization amount of the irrigation and fertilization device per unit time. The soil moisture data at the soil moisture detection point can be used to calculate the irrigation time required for the detection point to reach the preset soil moisture data. By completing the irrigation and fertilization operation of the corresponding time in the corresponding area, the irrigation and fertilization operation of the corresponding soil area is completed.

[0051] Environmental factors such as temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours will affect the amount of irrigation and fertilization;

[0052] The higher the temperature, the faster the soil moisture evaporates. According to Dalton's law, the evaporation rate is proportional to the water vapor pressure difference, and the water vapor pressure difference is related to the temperature. When the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data is irrigated and fertilized, the changes in the temperature data and the corresponding irrigation amount data are recorded, and then the temperature T and the irrigation amount I are obtained. w There is the following relationship between I w =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)], I0 is the initial irrigation amount data, T0 is the initial temperature data, k1 is the preset coefficient related to the temperature;

[0053] When the air humidity is low, the power of soil moisture evaporation (vapor pressure difference) increases, and the soil moisture decreases faster; relative humidity RH is a common indicator for measuring air humidity. The lower the relative humidity, the stronger the soil evaporation. When the soil under the corresponding soil humidity data is irrigated and fertilized, the changes in air humidity data and corresponding irrigation amount data are recorded to obtain the relationship between air humidity and irrigation amount I q There is the following relationship between I q =I0*[1-k2*(RH-RH0)], k2 is the preset coefficient related to air humidity, RH0 is the initial relative humidity data;

[0054] Wind speed will enhance air circulation on the soil surface and promote faster evaporation of soil moisture. When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, the changes in wind speed data and corresponding irrigation amount data are recorded to obtain the wind speed v and irrigation amount I. f There is the following relationship between I f =I0*[1+k3*v], k3 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed;

[0055] Solar radiation provides energy for soil moisture evaporation. The longer the sunshine hours, the more solar radiation energy the soil absorbs, the higher the soil temperature, and the faster the moisture evaporates. When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, the changes in the sunshine hours data and the corresponding irrigation amount data are recorded to obtain the sunshine hours S and irrigation amount I. r There is the following relationship between I r =I0*[1+k4*S], k4 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed;

[0056] In practical applications, these meteorological factors are often interrelated and have a comprehensive impact on irrigation volume. Z The relationship between I Z =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)-k2*(RH-RH0)+k3*v+k4*S], the irrigation data I Z Compare with the calculated irrigation amount data I, if I Z If the ratio of / I is greater than the preset comparison threshold, it is determined that the environmental factors have a greater impact on the irrigation amount, and the irrigation amount needs to be adjusted to I Z The preset comparison threshold is obtained through a large number of actual irrigation tests and long-term observation and experience summary of crop growth conditions and water demand patterns under different environmental conditions, and can be dynamically updated in real time.

[0057] In the present invention, the water circuit assembly includes a main water pipe 7, on which a water pipe valve 8 is provided, one end of the main water pipe 7 is connected to a mixing pipe 9, the top end of the mixing pipe 9 is connected to a port on the front end face of a pumping machine 10, and the cooperation between the mixing pipe 9 and the pumping machine 10 facilitates the mixing of water and fertilizer, thereby improving practicality; the fertilizer circuit assembly includes a main fertilizer pipe 11, the rear end of the main fertilizer pipe 11 is connected to one side of the bottom end of the front end face of the water fertilizer barrel 4, a filter 12 is installed on the main fertilizer pipe 11, the other end of the main fertilizer pipe 11 is connected to a transparent inspection pipe 13, the top surface of the transparent inspection pipe 13 is connected to a fertilizer pipe valve 14, and the top surface of the fertilizer pipe valve 14 is connected to the mixing pipe through a branch fertilizer pipe 15 9; the loop assembly includes a branch return pipe 16, one end of the branch return pipe 16 is connected to the mixed flow pipe 9, the other end of the branch return pipe 16 is connected to the main return pipe 17, the other end of the main return pipe 17 is connected to the upper end of the front end surface of the water-fertilizer barrel 4, through the cooperation of the filter 12 and the transparent inspection tube 13, it is convenient to filter the fertilizer and observe the filtering situation, and the practicality is improved; the port on the top surface of the pumping machine 10 is connected to the discharge pipe 18, and the discharge pipe 18 is provided with a discharge pipe valve 19, and the bottom surface of the discharge pipe valve 19 is installed and fixed on the top surface of the water-fertilizer barrel 4. Through the cooperation of the pumping machine 10 and the discharge pipe 18, it is convenient to quantitatively transport water and fertilizer to the field, and the practicality is improved.

[0058] Working principle: When the present invention is used, firstly, power is supplied to all electrical equipment, then the outer end of the main water pipe 7 is connected to the water supply system, and then fertilizer is added into the water fertilizer barrel 4, and then the transmitter 6 is controlled by the controller 5 to start each electrical equipment at a fixed time, firstly, the water pipe valve 8 is opened to allow the water to flow through the main water pipe 7 into the mixed flow pipe 9, and then the pumping machine 10 is started to suck the fertilizer into the water fertilizer barrel 4, and the fertilizer is filtered by the filter 12 on the main fertilizer pipe 11 and then enters the transparent inspection tube 13, and then the fertilizer in the transparent inspection tube 13 is observed to judge whether the filtering effect is qualified, and if it is unqualified, the filter 12 is checked, and if it is qualified, the fertilizer pipe valve 14 is opened, and the fertilizer enters the mixed flow pipe 9 through the branch fertilizer pipe 15, and the fertilizer is mixed in the pipe. The water in the flow tube 9 is fully mixed with the water flow, and then pumped to the field by the pump 10; during the irrigation process, the temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours data are monitored by the control component, and through actual records and data analysis, a quantitative relationship model between environmental factors and irrigation volume is established to accurately evaluate the impact of environmental factors on irrigation volume, and then the water flow required for actual irrigation is calculated based on the actual detected environmental data, and irrigation operations are performed based on the water flow required for actual irrigation; after the irrigation is completed, the water pipe valve 8 and the fertilizer pipe valve 14 are closed, and then the discharge pipe valve 19 is closed, and the remaining water and fertilizer in each pipeline are returned to the water and fertilizer barrel 4 through the branch return pipe 16 and the main return pipe 17 by the pump 10.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting, comprising a base frame (1), characterized in that: A support plate (2) is arranged above the front of the top of the base frame (1) through a support column, a mounting frame (3) is fixedly connected to the back of the support plate (2), a pumping machine (10) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top surface of the mounting frame (3), a water channel assembly is arranged in front of the pumping machine (10), a fertilizer channel assembly is arranged on one side of the pumping machine (10), and a loop assembly is arranged at the rear of the pumping machine (10), the bottom surface of the mounting frame (3) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the base frame (1), a water fertilizer barrel (4) is arranged at the rear of the top surface of the base frame (1), a fertilizer adding port is arranged on one side of the top surface of the water fertilizer barrel (4), the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel (4) abuts against the mounting frame (3), and a control assembly is fixedly installed at the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame (3); The control component also includes a monitoring module, an analysis module and a regulation module; The monitoring module detects the soil moisture data of the irrigated field and the nearby environmental data, and transmits the detected data to the analysis module; the environmental data includes temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours data; The analysis module analyzes and processes the soil moisture data, temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours data transmitted by the monitoring module, determines the actual required irrigation amount of the irrigated land, and transmits the actual required irrigation amount of the irrigated land to the regulation module; The regulating module calculates the irrigation time required for the corresponding irrigated land area according to the irrigation amount per unit time of the fertigation device and the actual irrigation amount required for the irrigated land.

2. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component comprises a controller (5), the controller (5) is installed and fixed at an angle on one side of the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame (3), the bottom surface of the controller (5) is connected to a transmitter (6) via a wire, and the transmitter (6) is fixed to the inner top surface of the mounting frame (3).

3. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circuit assembly comprises a main water pipe (7), a water pipe valve (8) is provided on the main water pipe (7), one end of the main water pipe (7) is connected to a mixing pipe (9), and the top end of the mixing pipe (9) is connected to a port on the front end surface of a pumping machine (10).

4. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer path assembly comprises a main fertilizer pipe (11), the rear end of the main fertilizer pipe (11) is connected to the bottom side of the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel (4), a filter (12) is installed on the main fertilizer pipe (11), the other end of the main fertilizer pipe (11) is connected to a transparent inspection pipe (13), the top surface of the transparent inspection pipe (13) is connected to a fertilizer pipe valve (14), and the top surface of the fertilizer pipe valve (14) is connected to the mixed flow pipe (9) through a branch fertilizer pipe (15).

5. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loop assembly comprises a branch return pipe (16), one end of the branch return pipe (16) is connected to the mixing pipe (9), the other end of the branch return pipe (16) is connected to the main return pipe (17), and the other end of the main return pipe (17) is connected to the upper end of the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel (4).

6. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The port on the top surface of the pumping machine (10) is connected to a discharge pipe (18), and a discharge pipe valve (19) is provided on the discharge pipe (18). The bottom surface of the discharge pipe valve (19) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the water fertilizer barrel (4).

7. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis module determines the soil moisture of irrigated land in the following steps: Step 1: Divide the irrigated field into a number of evenly distributed irrigation area blocks, and detect the soil moisture data in each irrigation area block; draw a frame with the boundary of the irrigation area block, proportionally reduce the drawn frame according to the set reduction ratio, calculate the distance d between the reduced drawn frame and the center of the drawn frame, and proportionally reduce the reduced drawn frame again according to the reduction ratio d / 2, set soil moisture detection points at the endpoints of the first reduced drawn frame and the second reduced drawn frame and the center of the drawn frame, and detect the soil moisture of the irrigation area block; Step 2: Remove the outliers in the soil moisture data, then calculate the mean of the remaining soil moisture data, and record the calculated soil moisture mean as the soil moisture data of the detection point; compare the soil moisture data on the left and right sides of the first reduced drawing border and the second reduced drawing border. If the soil moisture data on the left side of the first reduced drawing border and the second reduced drawing border are both greater than the soil moisture data on the right side, and exceed 20% of the soil moisture data on the right side, it is determined that the soil moisture of the land on the left and right sides of the irrigation area block is uneven; Step 3: Calculate and sum the irrigation volume data of each irrigation area block to obtain the total irrigation volume data of the irrigated field; calculate the required amount of water resources and fertilizer according to the ratio of water to fertilizer in the total irrigation volume data.

8. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The analysis module determines the environmental factors in the following steps: Step 1: When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, record the changes in temperature data and corresponding irrigation amount data, and obtain the temperature T and irrigation amount I according to the changes in temperature data and irrigation amount data. w There is the following relationship between I w =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)], I0 is the initial irrigation amount data, T0 is the initial temperature data, k1 is the preset coefficient related to the temperature; Step 2: Relative humidity RH is a common indicator for measuring air humidity. When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil humidity data, record the changes in air humidity data and corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the air humidity and irrigation amount I q There is the following relationship between I q =I0*[1-k2*(RH-RH0)], k2 is the preset coefficient related to air humidity, RH0 is the initial relative humidity data; Step 3: When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, record the changes in wind speed data and corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the wind speed v and irrigation amount I f There is the following relationship between I f =I0*[1+k3*v], k3 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed; Step 4: When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, record the changes in the sunshine hours data and the corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the sunshine hours S and irrigation amount I r There is the following relationship between I r =I0*[1+k4*S], k4 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed; Step 5: Irrigation Amount I Z The relationship between I Z =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)-k2*(RH-RH0)+k3*v+k4*S], the irrigation data I Z Compare with the calculated irrigation amount data I, if I Z If the ratio of / I is greater than the preset comparison threshold, it is determined that the environmental factors have a greater impact on the irrigation amount, and the irrigation amount needs to be adjusted to I Z .

9. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps for the regulation module to perform fertigation operations are as follows: Step 1: The monitoring module detects the fertilization speed of the fertilization device, and the analysis module calculates the fertilization amount of the fertilization device per unit time. The soil moisture data at the soil moisture detection point can be used to calculate the irrigation time required for the detection point to reach the preset soil moisture data; Step 2: When the adjustment module performs irrigation and fertilization operations in the corresponding area at the corresponding time, it performs timing operations, and after the timing is completed, it reminds the user to move to the next fertilization point for fertilization operations; and after the irrigation amount per unit time changes, it automatically calculates the time required for irrigation.

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