Welding fixture and welding equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding fixture which comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a plurality of clamping jaws used for clamping and positioning workpieces. The top cover is used for jacking the workpiece; the clamping jaw is located above the fixed plate, and the fixed plate is used for bearing a workpiece; the movable plate and the fixed plate rotate relatively, the rotating axis of the movable plate and the rotating axis of the fixed plate are located on the same straight line, the transmission assembly converts rotating force of the movable plate into clamping force of the clamping jaw, and the clamping jaw reciprocates in the horizontal direction; the jacking assembly converts the rotating force of the movable plate into jacking force of the top cover, and the top cover moves in the vertical direction; the moving plate and the fixed plate rotate relatively to determine the moving sequence of the clamping jaw and the top cover. The device has the beneficial effects that the hydraulic cylinder extends, a workpiece can be automatically fixed through the action of the transmission assembly and the jacking assembly, and the fixing operation can be rapidly completed; by means of the automatic fixing mode, the error-tolerant rate is low, the variation of the positions of different workpieces is small, and the later calibration time is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of welding and fixing technology, and more specifically to a welding fixture and a welding tool. Background Art

[0002] In the actual production of the anti-drop beam stopper, the raw material plates need to be butt-welded to form a workpiece first, and then the robot arm performs full welding. The workpiece needs to be fixed before full welding. The on-site fixing operation is to manually move the clamp to the position of the workpiece, and the clamp limits the position of the workpiece in the up and down directions. Then, the lifting component directly below lifts the workpiece. The workpiece is fixed by the lifting of the workpiece and the downward pressure of the clamp, and then the robot arm performs full welding. In the above-mentioned process of fixing the workpiece, it is fixed manually multiple times in succession, which consumes a lot of time and affects the welding efficiency; the manual fixation has a large tolerance rate, and the positions of different workpieces vary greatly. When the robot is welding, it takes a long time for manual calibration. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above defects, the present invention provides a welding fixture and a welding tool to solve the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: Welding fixtures, including hydraulic cylinders; A clamping jaw, wherein the clamping jaw is provided with a plurality of jaws for clamping and positioning a workpiece; Top cover, which is used to lift the workpiece; A fixed plate, the clamping jaws are located above the fixed plate, and the fixed plate is used to carry the workpiece; The movable plate rotates relative to the fixed plate, and the rotation axes of the movable plate and the fixed plate are located on the same straight line; The transmission assembly converts the rotational force of the moving plate into the clamping force of the clamping jaws, and the clamping jaws reciprocate in the horizontal direction; The lifting assembly converts the rotational force of the moving plate into the lifting force of the top cover, and the top cover moves in the vertical direction; The relative rotation of the moving plate and the fixed plate determines the moving sequence of the driving clamp and the top cover.

[0005] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a slide groove located on the upper surface of the fixed plate, the cross-section of the slide groove is a cross-shape and the extension direction points to the center of the fixed plate, a connecting block is provided in the slide groove, the shape of the connecting block matches the clearance of the slide groove, and the clamp is installed on the connecting block; a groove one is opened on the surface of the movable plate, and a cylinder inserted in the groove one is provided at the lower end of the connecting block; the extension direction of the groove one does not point to the center of the movable plate; by setting the angle of the groove one, the moving speed of the cylinder driven by the groove one can be controlled, and the larger friction force can be overcome.

[0006] Furthermore, the groove extends in a straight line.

[0007] Furthermore, the slot is extended along an arc line.

[0008] The lifting assembly includes groove 2 arranged on the surface of the movable plate, and groove 2 is connected with groove 1; the circle where groove 2 is located is concentric with the circle where the movable plate is located; a circular protrusion is fixedly provided at the center position of the movable plate, and a load-bearing protrusion is provided on the arc surface of the circular protrusion; a circular hole is opened at the center of the upper surface of the fixed plate, and a limiting groove is opened at the edge of the circular hole, the top cover is located in the circular hole, a rectangular block is fixedly installed on the outer annular surface of the top cover, and a rectangular groove that matches the gap of the rectangular block is opened on the annular side wall of the circular hole; a horizontal groove and an inclined groove are opened on the inner annular surface of the top cover, the horizontal groove and the inclined groove are connected, the load-bearing protrusion is inserted into the horizontal groove, and the central angle range of the load-bearing protrusion rotating through the horizontal groove is 35-50 degrees, and the central angle range of the load-bearing protrusion rotating through the inclined groove is 35-50 degrees.

[0009] Furthermore, a vertical groove is formed at one end of the horizontal groove away from the inclined groove.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a base, which is provided with multiple bases. The fixed plate and the base are fixed by bolts. The base and the movable plate bracket are equipped with a slewing bearing. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is hingedly installed on the side of the movable plate, and the other end is hingedly installed on the side of the fixed plate; a threaded hole is opened on the base.

[0011] Furthermore, a buffer pad is installed on the upper surface of the top cover, a flexible pad is embedded in the side wall of the clamping jaw, and a universal ball is installed on the side wall of the flexible pad and the upper surface of the fixed plate; The buffer pad and the flexible pad can prevent the top cover, the clamping jaws and the workpiece from having rigid contact, thus improving the durability of the equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, the load-bearing protrusion and the side wall of the cylinder are each installed with a buffer assembly; the buffer assembly includes a sleeve, and ball bearings are installed at both ends of the inner side of the sleeve, and the ball bearings are installed on the load-bearing protrusion and the cylinder. The function of the buffer assembly is that when the sleeve contacts the groove 1, when the sleeve contacts the inclined groove, the sliding friction force can be converted into rolling friction force, thereby reducing friction and improving the durability of the equipment.

[0013] The welding equipment comprises a welding fixture, and the welding fixture is connected to the welding equipment.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the hydraulic cylinder is extended, and the workpiece can be automatically fixed through the action of the transmission assembly and the lifting assembly, and the fixing operation can be completed quickly; the time consumed in fixing the workpiece is saved; Through the automatic fixing method, the error tolerance rate is low, and the position changes of different workpieces are small, which saves the time of later calibration; Multiple clamps and the top cover can be driven by a single hydraulic cylinder, saving power source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the welding fixture and welding tooling of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional moving plate; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the gripper; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal trough; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the circular protrusion and the top cover; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the moving plate; Figure 7 is a top view schematic diagram of the buffer assembly; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the workpiece; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of slot one; In the figure, 1, hydraulic cylinder; 2, clamping claw; 3, top cover; 4, fixed plate; 5, moving plate; 6, transmission assembly; 7, lifting assembly; 61, slide groove; 62, connecting block; 63, groove one; 64, cylinder; 71, groove two; 72, circular protrusion; 73, load-bearing protrusion; 74, round hole; 75, rectangular block; 76, rectangular groove; 77, horizontal groove; 78, inclined groove; 771, vertical groove; 81, bolt fixing; 82, slewing bearing; 83, threaded hole; 21, flexible pad; 22, universal ball; 23, buffer assembly; 231, sleeve; 232, ball bearing; 8, base; 9, workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are elaborated to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0017] This application provides welding fixtures and welding tools, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 8 : It includes a hydraulic cylinder 1, a clamping jaw 2, the clamping jaw 2 is provided with a plurality of parts for clamping and positioning a workpiece 9; a top cover 3, the top cover 3 is used to lift the workpiece 9; a fixed plate 4, the clamping jaw 2 is located above the fixed plate 4, the fixed plate 4 is used to carry the workpiece 9; a movable plate 5, the movable plate 5 rotates relative to the fixed plate 4, the rotating axes of the movable plate 5 and the fixed plate 4 are located on the same straight line, and a transmission assembly 6, the transmission assembly 6 converts the rotating force of the movable plate 5 into the clamping force of the clamping jaw 2, and the clamping jaw 2 reciprocates in the horizontal direction; A lifting assembly 7, which converts the rotational force of the moving plate 5 into a lifting force of the top cover 3, so that the top cover 3 moves in the vertical direction; The relative rotation of the movable plate 5 and the fixed plate 4 determines the moving sequence of the driving jaws 2 and the top cover 3.

[0018] Specifically in practical applications, the fixed plate 4 and the base 8 are in a fixed state. Through the action of the slewing bearing 82, the positions of the fixed plate 4 and the movable plate 5 are in a relatively fixed but relatively rotatable state. The base 8 can be fixed to the welding equipment, such as the welding angle deflection mechanism. The bottom of the workpiece 9 is a standard rectangular steel plate. After the workpiece 9 is manually moved to the upper surface of the fixed plate 4, the position of the workpiece 9 can be slightly rotated to move the workpiece 9 to the target position as much as possible. The target position is the position where each clamp 2 clamps the workpiece 9; then the hydraulic cylinder 1 is controlled to extend, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 drives the movable plate 5 to rotate, and the movable plate 5 drives the transmission assembly 6 and the lifting assembly 7 to work in sequence.

[0019] Specific: Step 1: In the initial state, the top cover 3 does not move, the cylinder 64 and the connecting block 62 are located at the end of the groove 1 63 away from the groove 2 71. When the hydraulic cylinder 1 extends, the groove 1 63 first drives the cylinder 64 to move, and the cylinder 64 can move relative to the groove 1 63. Through the limitation of the slide groove 61, the cylinder 64, the connecting block 62, and the clamping jaw 2 move toward the center of the fixed plate 4.

[0020] Step 2: Alternating driving state, when the cylinder 64 is located at the connection position of the groove 1 63 and the groove 2 71, the load-bearing protrusion 73 moves to the position where the horizontal groove 77 is connected to the inclined groove 78; before this position, the movable plate 5 rotates to indirectly drive the clamping jaw 2 to move, but the top cover 3 does not move; because the groove 1 63 can drive the cylinder 64 to move in the radial direction of the fixed plate 4, the groove 2 71 cannot drive the cylinder 64 to move in the radial direction of the fixed plate 4; at this position, the clamping jaw 2 clamps the workpiece 9 and limits the workpiece 9, but the clamping jaw 2 cannot clamp the workpiece 9 tightly; After this position, the movable plate 5 rotates to indirectly drive the clamping jaws 2 to remain stationary, but the top cover 3 moves; because the horizontal slot 77 cannot drive the top cover 3 to rise, the inclined slot 78 can drive the top cover 3 to rise.

[0021] Step 3: In the final state, as the fixed plate 4 rotates, the top cover 3 gradually moves upward, and the top cover 3 drives the workpiece 9 to move upward until the top cover 3 and the clamping jaws 2 clamp the workpiece 9.

[0022] After this position, the external welding machine can be controlled to perform welding operations; By shortening the hydraulic cylinder 1, a resetting operation can be achieved.

[0023] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6The transmission assembly 6 includes a slide groove 61 located on the upper surface of the fixed plate 4. The cross section of the slide groove 61 is cross-shaped and the extension direction points to the center of the fixed plate 4. A connecting block 62 is arranged in the slide groove 61. The shape of the connecting block 62 is in clearance with the slide groove 61. The clamping jaw 2 is installed on the connecting block 62. A groove 63 is opened on the surface of the movable plate 5. A cylinder 64 is inserted into the groove 63 at the lower end of the connecting block 62. The extending direction of the groove 1 63 does not point to the center of the moving plate 5 .

[0024] Specifically in practical applications, the shape of the slide groove 61 is set to a cross shape, which can stably limit the movement of the connecting block 62 in the extension direction of the slide groove 61, prevent the connecting block 62 from being deflected or displaced up and down, and the lower end of the cylinder 64 is inserted into the groove 1 63 to facilitate the driving of the movable plate 5.

[0025] In this embodiment, refer to Fig. 9 , slot 1 63 extends in a straight line.

[0026] Specifically in practical applications, the extension direction of the groove 63 does not point to the center of the moving plate 5. The extension direction of the groove 63 forms a certain angle with the straight line passing through the center of the moving plate 5. At this time, the speed at which the groove 63 drives the cylinder 64 is constant from beginning to end.

[0027] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6 , slot 63 extends along an arc line.

[0028] Specifically in practical applications, due to the large initial friction force when the connecting block 62 is started or other components are operated, the groove 63 is set to be arc-shaped, and the angle between the extension direction of the groove 63 and the straight line passing through the center of the circle on the moving plate 5 is in a changing state. By setting the angle of the groove 63, the moving speed of the cylinder 64 driven by the groove 63 can be controlled, and the large friction force can be overcome.

[0029] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The lifting assembly 7 includes a second groove 71 provided on the surface of the moving plate 5, and the second groove 71 is connected to the first groove 63; The circle where the second groove 71 is located is concentric with the circle where the moving plate 5 is located; A circular protrusion 72 is fixedly provided at the center of the moving plate 5, and a load-bearing protrusion 73 is provided on the arc surface of the circular protrusion 72; A circular hole 74 is opened at the center of the upper surface of the fixed plate 4, and a limiting groove is opened at the edge of the circular hole 74. The top cover 3 is located in the circular hole 74, and a rectangular block 75 is fixedly installed on the outer annular surface of the top cover 3. A rectangular groove 76 that matches the gap with the rectangular block 75 is opened on the annular side wall of the circular hole 74; a horizontal groove 77 and an inclined groove 78 are opened on the inner annular surface of the top cover 3, and the horizontal groove 77 and the inclined groove 78 are connected. The load-bearing protrusion 73 is inserted into the horizontal groove 77, and the central angle range of the load-bearing protrusion 73 rotating through the horizontal groove 77 is 35-50 degrees, and the central angle range of the load-bearing protrusion 73 rotating through the inclined groove 78 is 35-50 degrees.

[0030] Specifically in practical applications, by setting the circle where the groove 71 is located concentrically with the circle where the movable plate 5 is located, when the cylinder 64 moves to the groove 71, the movable plate 5 does not drive the cylinder 64 to move. By setting the horizontal groove 77 and the inclined groove 78, the movable plate 5 drives the circular protrusion 72 and the load-bearing protrusion 73 to rotate at the same time. When the load-bearing protrusion 73 rotates to the inclined groove 78, the load-bearing protrusion 73 drives the top cover 3 to move upward. By setting the rectangular block 75 and the rectangular groove 76, the top cover 3 can move stably.

[0031] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 Figure 2 and Figure 4 A vertical groove 771 is formed at one end of the horizontal groove 77 away from the inclined groove 78 .

[0032] When the load-bearing protrusion 73 overlaps with the vertical groove 771, the top cover 3 can be manually removed for later maintenance. In actual use, the volume of the load-bearing protrusion 73, the horizontal groove 77, and the inclined groove 78 can be increased to increase the structural strength. The load-bearing surface of the load-bearing protrusion 73 is set to a plane to enhance the durability of the load-bearing protrusion 73. By controlling the accuracy of the equipment, when the top cover 3 moves up by 5 mm, the workpiece 9 can be fixed. In actual use, the total rotation angle of the load-bearing protrusion 73 does not exceed 85 degrees, the central angle of the load-bearing protrusion 73 rotating through the horizontal groove 77 is in the range of 35-50 degrees, and the central angle of the load-bearing protrusion 73 rotating through the inclined groove 78 is in the range of 35-50 degrees.

[0033] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , and also includes a base 8, which is provided with multiple, the fixed plate 4 and the base 8 are fixed by bolts 81, the base 8 and the movable plate 5 bracket are installed with a slewing bearing 82, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is hingedly mounted on the side of the movable plate 5, and the other end is hingedly mounted on the side of the fixed plate 4; a threaded hole 83 is opened on the base 8.

[0034] Specifically in practical applications, the entire device can be fixed to the corresponding welding device through the base 8.

[0035] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 A buffer pad is installed on the upper surface of the top cover 3, a flexible pad 21 is embedded in the side wall of the clamping jaw 2, and a universal ball 22 is installed on the side wall of the flexible pad 21 and the upper surface of the fixed plate 4.

[0036] Specifically in practical applications, the buffer pad and the flexible pad 21 prevent the top cover 3, the clamping jaw 2 and the workpiece 9 from making rigid contact, thereby improving the durability of the equipment.

[0037] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the load-bearing protrusion 73 and the side wall of the cylinder 64 are each installed with a buffer assembly 23; The buffer assembly 23 includes a sleeve 231 , and ball bearings 232 are installed at both ends of the inner side of the sleeve 231 . The ball bearings 232 are installed on the load-bearing protrusions 73 and the cylinder 64 .

[0038] Specifically in practical applications, through the action of the buffer assembly 23, when the sleeve 231 contacts the groove 63, when the sleeve 231 contacts the inclined groove 78, the sliding friction force can be converted into rolling friction force, thereby reducing the friction force and improving the durability of the equipment.

[0039] In this embodiment, the welding equipment includes a welding fixture, and the welding fixture is connected to the welding equipment.

[0040] The electrical appliance in this application is electrically connected to an external controller.

[0041] The one, two and various numbers involved in this article are only used for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of this application. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application, not to limit it; although the application is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A welding fixture comprising a hydraulic cylinder (1), characterized in that: Also includes A clamping jaw (2), wherein the clamping jaw (2) is provided with a plurality of parts for clamping and positioning a workpiece (9); A top cover (3), the top cover (3) is used to lift the workpiece (9); A fixed plate (4), the clamping jaws (2) being located above the fixed plate (4), and the fixed plate (4) being used to carry a workpiece (9); The movable plate (5) rotates relative to the fixed plate (4), and the rotation axes of the movable plate (5) and the fixed plate (4) are located on the same straight line. A transmission assembly (6), the transmission assembly (6) converts the rotational force of the movable plate (5) into a clamping force of the clamping jaw (2), and the clamping jaw (2) reciprocates in a horizontal direction; A lifting assembly (7), the lifting assembly (7) converts the rotational force of the movable plate (5) into a lifting force of the top cover (3), so that the top cover (3) moves in a vertical direction; The moving plate (5) and the fixed plate (4) rotate relative to each other to determine the movement sequence of the driving clamping jaws (2) and the top cover (3).

2. The welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (6) comprises a slide groove (61) located on the upper surface of the fixed plate (4), the slide groove (61) has a cross-shaped cross section and extends in a direction pointing to the center of the fixed plate (4), a connecting block (62) is arranged in the slide groove (61), the shape of the connecting block (62) is clearance-matched with the slide groove (61), and the clamping claw (2) is mounted on the connecting block (62); a groove (63) is formed on the surface of the movable plate (5), and a cylinder (64) is arranged at the lower end of the connecting block (62) and is inserted into the groove (63); The extending direction of the groove 1 (63) does not point to the center of the moving plate (5).

3. The welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: Groove 1 (63) extends in a straight line.

4. The welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: Groove 1 (63) extends along the arc line.

5. The welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (7) comprises a second groove (71) provided on the surface of the movable plate (5), and the second groove (71) is connected to the first groove (63); The circle where the second groove (71) is located is concentric with the circle where the movable plate (5) is located; A circular protrusion (72) is fixedly provided at the center of the moving plate (5), and a load-bearing protrusion (73) is provided on the arc-shaped surface of the circular protrusion (72); A circular hole (74) is formed at the center of the upper surface of the fixed plate (4), and a limiting groove is formed at the edge of the circular hole (74). The top cover (3) is located in the circular hole (74), and a rectangular block (75) is fixedly mounted on the outer annular surface of the top cover (3). A rectangular groove (76) is formed on the annular side wall of the circular hole (74) and is clearance-matched with the rectangular block (75). A horizontal groove (77) and an inclined groove (78) are formed on the inner annular surface of the top cover (3), and the horizontal groove (77) and the inclined groove (78) are communicated with each other, and the load-bearing protrusion (73) is inserted into the horizontal groove (77). The central angle of the bearing protrusion (73) passing through the horizontal groove (77) is in the range of 35-50 degrees, and the central angle of the bearing protrusion (73) passing through the inclined groove (78) is in the range of 35-50 degrees.

6. The welding fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: A vertical groove (771) is formed at one end of the horizontal groove (77) away from the inclined groove (78).

7. The welding fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a base (8), wherein the base (8) is provided with a plurality of members, the fixed plate (4) and the base (8) are fixed by bolts (81), a slewing bearing (82) is installed on the base (8) and the movable plate (5) bracket, one end of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is hingedly mounted on the side of the movable plate (5), and the other end is hingedly mounted on the side of the fixed plate (4); and a threaded hole (83) is opened on the base (8).

8. The welding fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that: A buffer pad is installed on the upper surface of the top cover (3), a flexible pad (21) is embedded in the position of the clamping jaw (2) and the top cover (3) close to the workpiece (9), and a universal ball (22) is installed on the side wall of the flexible pad (21) and the upper surface of the fixed plate (4).

9. The welding fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The load-bearing protrusion (73) and the side wall of the cylinder (64) are each installed with a buffer assembly (23); The buffer assembly (23) comprises a sleeve (231), and ball bearings (232) are installed at both ends of the inner side of the sleeve (231), and the ball bearings (232) are installed on the load-bearing protrusion (73) and the cylinder (64).

10. Welding equipment, characterized in that It comprises a welding fixture as described in any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9, and the welding fixture is connected to the welding equipment.

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