Naked eye light field 3D display simulation method based on collimation backlight illumination

Abstract

The invention provides a naked eye light field 3D display simulation method based on collimation backlight illumination. The method comprises the following five steps: generating a light field 3D film source; establishing a simulation part model of the 2D display panel and the optical modulation element; setting an IES light source as a simulation collimation backlight source; building a naked eye light field 3D display screen simulation model; and setting a rendering environment, and rendering and outputting a 3D image. According to the method, the display effect of the naked eye light field 3D display screen under collimation backlight illumination can be effectively simulated, and an effective means is provided for the design of the naked eye light field 3D display screen with high resolution and high quality.

Description

1. Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of naked-eye 3D display, and more specifically, to a naked-eye light field 3D display simulation method based on collimated backlight illumination. 2. Background Technology

[0002] Naked-eye light field 3D display is a technology that achieves high-quality 3D display effects by reconstructing the light field distribution. It can not only eliminate the visual fatigue of traditional stereoscopic display, but also correctly present the occlusion relationship within the viewing range, and has broad development potential and application prospects. In the process of developing naked-eye light field 3D display, how to coordinate and optimize the parameters of the optical system is crucial, because the change of each parameter will directly affect the display resolution, viewing angle range and light field reconstruction effect.

[0003] In order to improve R&D efficiency, visual simulation of light field display has become an important tool for the development of naked-eye light field 3D display screens. The currently widely used simulation methods are mostly based on diffuse backlight illumination. This type of illumination is relatively simple in optical modeling and calculation, and it is currently unable to accurately simulate the characteristics of collimated backlight. Collimated backlight technology is one of the key technologies to improve the performance of naked-eye light field 3D displays. It uses optical structure design to make the backlight source emit a directional light beam, greatly reducing the divergence angle of pixel light, reducing crosstalk, and improving display resolution. However, the high degree of directionality and complexity of light distribution poses great challenges to simulation modeling, and existing simulation methods are difficult to meet this demand. III. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a naked-eye light field 3D display simulation method based on collimated backlight illumination.

[0005] The method comprises five steps:

[0006] Generate light field 3D film sources;

[0007] Establish simulation part models of 2D display panels and optical modulation elements;

[0008] Set the IES (Illuminating Engineering Society) light source as the simulated collimated backlight source;

[0009] Build a naked-eye light field 3D display simulation model;

[0010] Set up the rendering environment and render and output 3D images.

[0011] Furthermore, the step of generating a light field 3D film source comprises building a camera array, acquiring disparity images at different viewpoints in a 3D scene, and synthesizing the light field 3D film source according to a pixel mapping relationship using the disparity images; the shooting parameters of each camera in the camera array are the same, the arrangement of the camera array can be one-dimensional or two-dimensional, and the distribution intervals can be equal or unequal. The disparity images at different viewpoints in the 3D scene are acquired, and each camera captures a disparity image at the corresponding viewpoint, and the disparity images at all viewpoints form a disparity image array; the light field 3D film source is a digital image.

[0012] Furthermore, the step of establishing a simulation part model of the 2D display panel and the optical modulation element is to build the simulation model in a 1:1 ratio or other fixed ratio according to the actual size of the 2D display panel and the optical modulation element; the step of establishing a simulation part model of the optical modulation element is to design a spectroscopic unit that matches the number of viewpoints, array the spectroscopic unit, and establish a simulation model of the optical modulation element. The optical modulation element can be any one of a microlens array, a cylindrical lens array, a slit grating, and a combination thereof.

[0013] Furthermore, the step of setting the IES light source as a simulated collimated backlight source determines relevant parameters of the collimated backlight source, such as the light emitting surface size, light beam divergence angle, and distribution uniformity; and sets and edits the IES light source.

[0014] Furthermore, the light-emitting surface size of the collimated backlight source is constructed in the same proportion of 1:1 as the 2D display panel in terms of length and width; the light beam divergence angle of the collimated backlight source matches the pixel size of the 2D display panel and the aperture of the basic unit of the optical modulation element; and the distribution uniformity of the collimated backlight source is above 90%.

[0015] Furthermore, the setting and editing of the IES light source is performed by software programming or text editing. In the IES light source editing software, a detection surface is set to complete the measurement of the beam divergence angle, and the beam divergence angle and light intensity distribution uniformity of the IES light source are checked to be consistent with the light emitting surface size, beam divergence angle, distribution uniformity and other parameter requirements of the collimated backlight source.

[0016] Furthermore, in the step of building a naked-eye light field 3D display screen simulation model, the light field 3D film source, the simulation part model of the 2D display panel and the optical modulation element, and the IES light source are imported into the 3D visualization simulation rendering software. According to the design parameters, the light field 3D film source is used as the texture map of the 2D display panel, and the material of each component is set; the IES light source is coupled with the optical modulation element and the 2D display panel by translation, rotation, etc.; the light intensity, position and lighting direction of the IES light source are adjusted until the display content of the 2D display panel is fully illuminated.

[0017] Furthermore, the step of setting the rendering environment and rendering and outputting the 3D image includes setting the rendering environment, using global illumination and ray tracing in the 3D visualization simulation rendering software to highlight the main body of the naked-eye light field 3D display screen; and rendering and outputting the 3D image, adding a free camera in the 3D visualization simulation rendering software, setting the position and focal length of the free camera, and placing the free camera at different angles and distances to view the naked-eye light field 3D display screen. Setting parameters such as rendering duration and rendering resolution, using the free camera to capture 3D images and render and output, and realizing visual simulation of 3D display effects at different viewing distances and viewing angles.

[0018] Optionally, the texture map of the 2D display panel may be edited to be any one of a picture map and a video map.

[0019] Optionally, the free cameras may be arranged in arrays in different ways, so that 3D image simulation effects at different positions at the same time can be viewed. IV. Description of the drawings

[0020] The above aspects and advantages of the present invention will be further clarified and easily understood from the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0021] Attached Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a naked-eye light field 3D display simulation method based on collimated backlight illumination according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Attached Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a naked-eye light field 3D display screen based on collimated backlight illumination according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Attached Figure 3 A combined lens light splitting unit is provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Attached Figure 4 A light field network of an IES light source provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The figure numbers in the above drawings are: 201 collimated backlight source; 2022D display panel; 203 cylindrical lens array I; 204 cylindrical lens array II.

[0026] It should be understood that the above drawings are only schematic and are not drawn to scale. V. Specific implementation methods

[0027] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be described more comprehensively below in conjunction with the relevant drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. It is necessary to point out here that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above invention content, which still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms used in the specification of the invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0029] Attached Figure 1 A flow chart of a naked-eye light field 3D display simulation method based on collimated backlight illumination is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes five steps.

[0030] S1: Generate light field 3D film source. The naked eye light field 3D display is a naked eye light field 3D display based on integrated imaging. A 10×10 virtual camera array is built to shoot the 3D model at a distance of 0.4m from the 3D model. The cameras are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the spacing between adjacent cameras is 3mm. Shooting from different viewpoints, a total of 100 parallax images are obtained, forming a 10×10 parallax image array. Based on the pixel mapping relationship between the parallax image array and the light field 3D film source, a light field 3D film source with a resolution of 3840×2160 is synthesized.

[0031] S2: Establish the simulation part model of 2D display panel and optical modulation element. Adopt the integrated imaging naked eye light field 3D display screen based on collimated backlight illumination, the structural diagram is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2As shown, it includes a collimated backlight source 201, a 2D display panel 202, a cylindrical lens array I 203 and a cylindrical lens array II 204, wherein the 2D display panel 202 is a liquid crystal panel, and the cylindrical lens array I 203 and the cylindrical lens array II 204 together form a combined cylindrical lens array as an optical modulation element. This embodiment adopts a 1:2 ratio to build a simulation model. First, a light splitting unit of the combined cylindrical lens array is designed in an optical design software, and its structural schematic diagram is shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, the aperture of the light splitting unit of the combined cylindrical lens array is 1 mm, and light is split in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively; in the three-dimensional design software, the light splitting unit of the combined cylindrical lens array is arrayed in the horizontal and vertical directions to obtain a simulation model of the combined cylindrical lens array. Next, in the three-dimensional design software, a 384mm×216mm×1mm cuboid is drawn as a simulation model of the 2D display panel 202; finally, in the three-dimensional design software, the combined cylindrical lens array and the 2D display panel 202 are bonded to complete the preliminary assembly.

[0032] S3: Set the IES light source as the simulated collimated backlight source. According to the light source divergence angle requirement of the collimated backlight source 201, set the beam divergence angle of the IES light source to 4° in the IES light source editing software. The IES light source illuminates the 384mm×216mm 2D display panel. Set the IES light source to be 6.4m behind the 2D display panel 202. The IES light source brightness is 100cd / m 2 , the uniformity of light intensity distribution is 100%, which is used for the simulation of collimated backlight in 3D visualization simulation rendering software. Set the detection surface in the editing software to complete the measurement of beam divergence angle and light intensity distribution uniformity. Figure 4 The light field network of an IES light source provided by an embodiment of the present invention represents the light beam divergence angle and light intensity of the IES light source in a polar coordinate system.

[0033] S4: Build a naked-eye light field 3D display simulation model. Import the light field 3D film source with a resolution of 3840×2160, the coupling parts of the 2D display panel 202 and the combined cylindrical lens array simulation model, and the designed IES light source into the scene of the 3D visualization simulation rendering software, use the light field 3D film source as the texture map of the 2D display panel 202, set the material of each component of the 2D display panel 202 and the combined cylindrical lens array to the material type corresponding to the optical glass; and through operations such as translation and rotation, place the 2D display panel 202 and the coupling parts of the combined cylindrical lens array simulation model at the center of the scene, that is, (0m, 0m, 0m). According to the beam divergence angle requirements, set the IES light source at (0m, 0m, -6.4m), adjust the IES light source illumination direction to +z direction intensity, and adjust the IES light source intensity until the light field 3D film source displayed on the 2D display panel 202 is fully illuminated and the 3D image is clearly visible.

[0034] S5: Set the rendering environment and render and output 3D images. Use global illumination and ray tracing effects to highlight the main body of the integrated imaging naked-eye light field 3D display screen based on collimated backlight illumination. Add a free camera to the 3D visualization simulation rendering software, set the focus of the camera to the center of the 2D display panel 202, the focal length to 50 mm, the viewing distance to 800 mm, the azimuth to 90°, the tilt angle to 0°, and the distortion angle to 0°, and obtain the front 3D image viewing effect. By setting different camera distances, the 3D display effect simulation images corresponding to different viewing distances are obtained. By setting different camera angles, including azimuth, tilt and distortion angles, the effect images corresponding to different viewing angles are rendered. With the help of ray tracing, the 3D image is captured and rendered and output using the free camera. The rendering time is set to 5 minutes in the static image window, the rendering resolution is 3840×2160, and the name, storage location, storage format and other parameters of the rendered image are set. The 3D display effect simulation images at different viewing distances and viewing angles are rendered and output, and the visualization simulation of the naked-eye light field 3D display effect under collimated backlight illumination is realized.

[0035] The present invention proposes a naked-eye light field 3D display simulation method based on collimated backlight illumination, which uses IES light source as the collimated backlight source in 3D display simulation, and uses optical design software, three-dimensional design software and 3D visualization simulation rendering software to realize the visualization simulation of naked-eye light field 3D display effect based on collimated backlight illumination. By comparing the occlusion relationship and clarity of the rendered output 3D image, the 3D display effect and 3D display performance can be intuitively reflected, providing an effective means for predicting and optimizing the design results of naked-eye light field 3D display screens based on collimated backlight illumination.

[0036] In this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion of elements other than those listed and may also include additional elements not expressly listed.

[0037] In this document, the directional words such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined by the positions of the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are only for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A naked eye light field 3D display simulation method based on collimated backlight illumination, characterized in that: The method includes five steps: generating a light field 3D film source; establishing a simulation part model of a 2D display panel and an optical modulation element; setting an IES light source as a simulated collimated backlight source; and building a naked-eye light field 3D display simulation model. Set up the rendering environment and render and output 3D images.

2. The method for simulating naked-eye light field 3D display based on collimated backlight illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of generating a light field 3D film source is to build a camera array, obtain disparity images at different viewpoints in the 3D scene, and use the disparity images to synthesize the light field 3D film source according to the pixel mapping relationship; the shooting parameters of each camera in the camera array are the same, the arrangement of the camera array can be one-dimensional or two-dimensional, and the distribution intervals can be equal or unequal.

3. The method for simulating naked-eye light field 3D display based on collimated backlight illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of establishing the simulation part model of the 2D display panel and the optical modulation element is to build the simulation model in a 1:1 ratio or other fixed ratio according to the actual size of the 2D display panel and the optical modulation element; the optical modulation element can be any one of a microlens array, a cylindrical lens array, a slit grating, and a combination thereof.

4. The method for simulating naked-eye light field 3D display based on collimated backlight illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of setting the IES light source as a simulated collimated backlight source determines relevant parameters such as the light emitting surface size, beam divergence angle, and distribution uniformity of the collimated backlight source; Set and edit the IES light source; the light-emitting surface size of the collimated backlight source is constructed in the same proportion of 1:1 as the 2D display panel in terms of length and width; the light beam divergence angle of the collimated backlight source matches the pixel size of the 2D display panel and the aperture of the basic unit of the optical modulation element; the distribution uniformity of the collimated backlight source is above 90%.

5. The method for simulating naked-eye light field 3D display based on collimated backlight illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of building a naked-eye light field 3D display screen simulation model includes importing the light field 3D film source, 2D display panel, simulation part model of the optical modulation element and IES light source into 3D visualization simulation rendering software, and using the light field 3D film source as a texture map of the 2D display panel according to design parameters; setting the material and optical properties of each component, including the material of the 2D display panel, the optical modulation element and the IES light source; coupling the IES light source with the optical modulation element and the 2D display panel by translation, rotation and the like; and adjusting the light intensity, position and lighting direction of the IES light source until the display content of the 2D display panel is fully illuminated.

6. The method for simulating naked-eye light field 3D display based on collimated backlight illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of setting the rendering environment and rendering and outputting the 3D image utilize global illumination and ray tracing to highlight the main body of the naked-eye light field 3D display screen; adding a free camera, setting the position and focal length of the free camera, placing the free camera at different angles and distances, capturing 3D images, setting parameters such as rendering time and rendering resolution, and rendering and outputting to achieve visual simulation of the naked-eye light field 3D display effect based on collimated backlight illumination at different viewing distances and viewing angles.

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