A highly stable fuse

Abstract

The present invention discloses a highly stable fuse, belonging to the technical field of fuses. It includes a housing and a fusing element. The housing has a first housing and a second housing that are detachably connected. The first housing and the second housing cooperate to form a closed space for accommodating the fusing element. The fusing element includes a plurality of terminal units and a fusible unit. Each terminal unit has a first fork tooth and a second fork tooth, and a gap arranged between the first fork tooth and the second fork tooth. The gap is used for inserting the male end of a mating part. The inner side wall of the fork tooth has at least raised points on the upper and lower parts, and the positions of the raised points correspond. When an overcurrent state occurs, the fusible unit is opened, causing the current interruption between the terminal units. The present invention solves at least one of the problems existing in the prior fuses, such as unstable connection due to the terminal structure, poor current-carrying and distribution capabilities, poor heat dissipation, and difficult disassembly of the housing. Through innovative design, its performance, reliability, and maintenance convenience in scenarios such as automotive electrical appliances are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of fuses, and specifically to a highly stable fuse. Background Art

[0002] Traditional fuses are commonly used overcurrent protection devices in electrical circuits. Their basic structure includes a terminal structure and a housing, and includes a fuse element inside. In terms of the terminal structure, an elastic pressing piece type or a three-point contact method with material interference fit is mostly used. And the housing connection usually uses a hot melt or forced connection method.

[0003] First of all, in terms of the terminal structure, the elastic pressing piece type structure has inherent defects. Its elasticity is easily lost after heating, and the three-point contact with material interference fit will deform due to uneven force. This directly leads to poor connection stability, and problems such as connection loosening and poor contact are likely to occur, thus affecting the normal operation of the circuit. At the same time, the cross-sectional areas of these two terminal structures are usually small, greatly limiting the current-carrying capacity and making it difficult to meet the requirements of large-current circuits. In addition, its three-point contact will also cause uneven current distribution, with a single and concentrated conduction path, affecting the performance of the fuse.

[0004] Secondly, in terms of the housing connection, the hot melt or forced connection method brings great inconvenience to the maintenance of the fuse. When the fuse needs to be disassembled and maintained, this connection method will damage the connection structure. It is not only difficult to operate, but also easily damages the housing and the internal fuse element. Reinstallation is also quite cumbersome and cannot meet the requirements of convenient maintenance.

[0005] Furthermore, for the overall structure of the fuse, the design of the housing and the fuse element is not reasonable enough. The positioning and supporting effects of the fuse element in the housing are not good, and it is easy to displace and shake, seriously affecting the normal operation and fusing performance of the fuse. Moreover, the design of traditional fuses in terms of protection is relatively weak, lacking effective protection measures, and is easily affected by environmental factors such as external dust and moisture, resulting in a great reduction in its service life and reliability.

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned many problems existing in traditional fuses, a new fuse structure is needed to solve the problems of poor connection stability, limited current-carrying capacity, inconvenient maintenance, poor positioning and support of the fuse element, and weak protection performance, so as to improve the performance and reliability of the fuse in various electrical circuits and meet the overcurrent protection requirements of different environments and circuits. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a highly stable fuse, which at least solves one of the problems existing in the existing fuses, such as unstable connection due to the terminal structure, poor current-carrying and distribution capabilities, poor heat dissipation, and difficult disassembly of the housing. By means of innovative design, its performance, reliability, and maintenance convenience in scenarios such as automotive electrical appliances are improved to meet the requirements of modern electrical systems.

[0008] The present invention provides a fuse with a novel structure and superior performance. Through innovative housing connection and positioning structures, internal support and positioning structures, optimized terminal and fusible unit structures, and enhanced protection structures, many problems of the existing fuses are overcome, and significant advantages are demonstrated in terms of connection stability, fusing performance, maintenance convenience, and protection performance. It is applicable to various electrical circuits that require overcurrent protection, and has broad application prospects and remarkable creativity.

[0009] The highly stable fuse of the present invention includes a housing and a fusing element. The housing has a first housing and a second housing, and the first housing and the second housing cooperate to form a closed space for accommodating the fusing element, and the first housing and the second housing are detachably connected through a clamping assembly. The clamping assembly is arranged on the first housing and the second housing to ensure accurate connection and positioning between the two, providing guarantee for the structural stability of the entire fuse. Preferably, the housing has a generally rectangular or box-shaped profile, which can completely enclose the fusing element and effectively prevent external factors from interfering with the fusing element.

[0010] The fusing element includes a plurality of terminal units and a fusible unit, which is the core part for realizing the overcurrent protection function of the fuse. The fusible unit will fuse when overcurrent occurs, cutting off the circuit, and the terminal units are used to connect to the external circuit. Each terminal unit has a main fork tooth and a secondary fork tooth, and a gap arranged between the main fork tooth and the secondary fork tooth for inserting the male end of the mating part. The inner side wall of the fork tooth has at least upper and lower raised contact points, and the positions of the upper and lower raised contact points of the main fork tooth correspond to the positions of the upper and lower raised contact points of the secondary fork tooth respectively. Each raised contact point is used to form electrical contact with the male end inserted into the gap of the fork tooth. The fusible unit is arranged between the plurality of terminal units. When an overcurrent state occurs, the fusible unit opens the circuit, causing the interruption of the current flow between the plurality of terminal units.

[0011] Furthermore, the fusing element includes a first terminal unit and a second terminal unit, and their structures are the same. The first terminal unit has a first main fork tooth and a first secondary fork tooth, and their structures are the same and symmetrically distributed. This symmetrical design ensures uniform current distribution on the terminal unit and enhances the stability of the overall structure.

[0012] The fuse of the present invention further includes an isolation component, which is centrally arranged in the first housing or the second housing. The isolation component is used to divide the lower part of the housing into a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber and the second chamber are respectively used to accommodate the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit, realizing electrical isolation between the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit, and effectively avoiding electrical interference between the two terminal units.

[0013] The isolation component includes a partition plate, which is arranged in the first housing. The second housing is provided with a central groove, and the partition plate cooperates with the central groove to realize the positioning and clamping of the first housing and the second housing, and maintain electrical isolation between the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit. At the same time, the isolation component further includes a central positioning end, which is located in the upper half of the housing and is used to contact the same-side ends of the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit simultaneously to realize the positioning of the terminal unit. The central positioning end and the partition plate can be integrally formed, enhancing the structural stability. And the central positioning end at least includes a raised structure, and the height of the raised structure exceeds the thickness of the terminal unit, further improving the positioning accuracy of the terminal unit.

[0014] The fusible unit includes a plurality of conductive arms, and each conductive arm is configured to be connected to a terminal unit. A plurality of bridging segments, with both sides of each bridging segment connected to a conductive arm respectively, and in an over-current state, the bridging segments melt to interrupt the current flow between the terminal units on both sides. The bridging segments of the fusible unit are provided with spherical diffusion parts and easily fusible components. The spherical diffusion parts can increase the volume and surface area of this part, optimizing heat distribution and conduction. When the current is overloaded, the easily fusible component reaches the melting point first and melts, causing the bridging segment to melt and cutting off the circuit. Due to the existence of the spherical diffusion parts, heat transfer and concentration are accelerated, which can accelerate the melting process, improve the melting performance, achieve faster and more accurate over-current protection, and have significant advantages in melting performance compared with traditional fuses.

[0015] The clamping component includes a card slot and a card. The card slot is arranged on the inner side wall of the first housing and is distributed along the first direction; the card is arranged on the outer side wall of the second housing, and each card corresponds to a card slot to realize clamping and complete the connection of the first housing and the second housing. There are at least a pair of card slots, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first housing, ensuring the stability of the connection. The extension length of the card in the first direction does not exceed that of the card slot, preventing the card from protruding excessively and affecting the connection effect.

[0016] In addition, the snap - fit component further includes a positioning beam and a positioning groove. The positioning beam is disposed on the inner side wall of one end of the first housing and is distributed along a second direction which is perpendicular to the first direction; the positioning groove is disposed on the second housing, and each positioning beam cooperates with a positioning groove to achieve the connection of the first housing and the second housing. The number of the positioning beams includes but is not limited to one. Through the cooperation of the positioning beam and the positioning groove, and the cooperation of the clamping groove and the clamping member, the housing is accurately positioned from different directions, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the overall structure of the fuse, and overcoming the defects of the traditional fuse in terms of connection and positioning.

[0017] The fuse of the present invention further includes a fork - tooth guiding component, which includes an installation notch disposed on the housing, and each installation notch corresponds to the fork - tooth gap of a terminal unit in terms of spatial position. The installation notch limits and guides the position where the fork - teeth of the terminal unit pass through the housing, ensuring that the fork - teeth are connected to the external male terminal after passing through the housing, improving the accuracy and reliability of the connection.

[0018] The fuse further includes an internal support component, which includes positioning blocks disposed on the first housing. The positioning blocks are used to contact and limit one side end of the terminal unit. The positioning blocks are a pair and are symmetrically arranged on both side walls inside the first housing, ensuring the stability of the terminal unit inside the housing. The internal support component further includes support blocks and inner limiting edges, which are disposed inside the lower half of the first housing and are both used to contact and support the fork - teeth, forming a certain gap space between the fork - teeth and the inner side wall of the first housing, playing a role of buffering and support. The inner fixing member is disposed inside the upper half of the first housing and is used to contact and support the fusible unit, forming a certain gap space between the fusible unit and the inner side wall of the first housing, ensuring the stability of the fusible unit during the working process.

[0019] The upper gap defined by the upper convex contact points of the main fork - teeth and the secondary fork - teeth is L1, and the lower gap defined by the lower convex contact points of the main fork - teeth and the secondary fork - teeth is L2, where the lower gap L2 < the upper gap L1. When the male terminal of the mating part is inserted, the lower gap L2 first contacts the male terminal and expands the angle, and then contacts the upper gap L1. The lower gap L2 is slightly smaller than the upper gap L1, which can provide stable four - point contact, avoiding clamping looseness and distortion or deformation of the contact points. The lower gap L2 is smaller, providing a stable clamping force, ensuring a good contact pressure is formed between the male terminal and the fork - teeth, thereby achieving a reliable electrical connection. The absolute value of the difference between the lower gap L2 and the upper gap L1 is between 0.03 mm and 0.08 mm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) High connection stability: The snap-on connection of the card slot and the card piece replaces the traditional hot melt or forced connection method, which not only realizes the detachable connection between the first shell and the second shell, facilitating maintenance and replacement, but also improves the stability of the connection;

[0022] (2) Accurate positioning: By combining the positioning beam with the positioning groove, the partition with the center groove, the shell can be accurately positioned from different directions, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the overall structure of the fuse, and overcoming the defects of traditional fuses in connection and positioning;

[0023] (3) Superior electrical performance: The terminal unit has a unique fork structure with a raised point and an inclined section, which improves the connection performance with the external male terminal and the current carrying capacity, and improves the current distribution. The bridge section of the fusible unit has a spherical diffusion part and a fusible component, which can accelerate the fusing process, improve the fusing performance, and achieve faster and more accurate overcurrent protection;

[0024] (4) High electrical contact stability: The upper gap L1 defined by the upper raised contact points of the main fork teeth and the auxiliary fork teeth is larger than the lower gap L2 defined by the lower raised contact points, and the absolute value of the difference between L2 and L1 is between 0.03 mm and 0.08 mm. When the male end is inserted, the lower gap L2 first contacts the opening angle and then contacts the upper gap L1. The lower gap L2 is slightly smaller than the upper gap L1, which can provide a stable four-point contact to avoid loose clamping, distortion, and deformation.

[0025] (5) Good protection performance: The shell has a rectangular or box-shaped outline, which completely encloses the fuse element, effectively preventing the influence of external factors such as dust and moisture, and extending the service life of the fuse.

[0026] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The structure of the "tongue-pressing piece" fuse in the automobile electrical appliance fuse box in the prior art is demonstrated;

[0028] Figure 2 The structure of a three-point fuse in a fuse box of an automobile electrical appliance in the prior art is presented;

[0029] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first housing of the fuse shown in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 The three-dimensional structure of the first housing of the fuse shown in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in another perspective;

[0031] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the front view of the first housing of the fuse shown in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second housing of the fuse shown in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second housing of the fuse shown in the embodiments of the present invention from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fuse housing shown in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fuse housing shown in the embodiments of the present invention from another perspective;

[0036] Figure 10 Shows the structure of the fuse element placed in the fuse housing in the embodiments of the present invention. To clearly display the installation position and layout relationship of the fuse element in the fuse housing, the second housing is hidden in the figure;

[0037] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the front view of the fuse shown in the embodiments of the present invention, showing the structure of the fuse element placed in the fuse housing from the front view angle;

[0038] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the top view of the fuse shown in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the bottom view of the fuse shown in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fuse element in the embodiments of the present invention. This figure shows the complete structure of the fuse element involved in the present invention from a three-dimensional perspective, clearly presenting the spatial position relationship and external shape characteristics of its various parts;

[0041] Figure 15 is Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the front view structure;

[0042] Figure 16 is Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the left view structure;

[0043] Figure 17 is Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the bottom view structure;

[0044] Figure 18 is Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0045] Explanation of the reference numerals in the attached drawings:

[0046] 100. Fuse element;

[0047] 1. Fusible unit; 11. Bridging section; 2. First spherical diffusion part; 3. Second spherical diffusion part; 21. First bending part; 31. Second bending part; 121. First transition section; 131. Second transition section;

[0048] 4. First terminal unit; 41. First limiting part; 411. First arc part; 42. First main fork tooth; 42a. First main upper contact point; 42b. First main lower contact point; 421. First main extension end; 422. First main upper inclined wall; 423. First main lower inclined wall; 43. First sub - fork tooth; 43a. First sub - upper contact point; 43b. First sub - lower contact point; 431. First sub - extension end; 44. First fork - tooth gap; 45. First recess;

[0049] 5. Second terminal unit; 51. Second limiting part; 511. Second arc part; 52. Second main fork tooth; 52a. Second main upper contact point; 52b. Second main lower contact point; 521. Second main extension end; 522. Second main upper inclined wall; 523. Second main lower inclined wall; 53. Second sub - fork tooth; 53a. Second sub - upper contact point; 53b. Second sub - lower contact point; 531. Second sub - extension end; 54. Second fork - tooth gap; 55. Second recess;

[0050] 200. Housing; 210. First housing; 201. Positioning end part; 202. First main housing; 203. Positioning beam; 204. Card slot; 205. First notch; 211. Partition board; 212. Central positioning end; 213. Positioning block; 214. Inner fixing part; 215. Support block; 216. Inner limiting edge; 2021. Side support column; 2022. Central support column; 2023. Upper main housing;

[0051] 220. Second housing; 221. Top sealing plate; 2211. Positioning groove; 222. Second main housing; 2221. Side support member; 2222. Central support member; 2223. Lower main housing; 2201. Second notch; 2202. Clamping part; 2203. Central groove; 230. Installation notch. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] For the convenience of understanding the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0053] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly connected by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terminology used in the specification of the present invention is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0055] Embodiment: The high-stability fuse provided in the embodiment of the present invention is mainly composed of a housing 200 and a fuse element 100. The various components cooperate closely with each other to jointly achieve excellent overcurrent protection function and high stability.

[0056] From the overall structure point of view, refer to the attached Figures 3 - 9 The housing 200 is composed of a first housing 210 and a second housing 220, and has a rectangular or box-shaped profile. This design can completely enclose the fuse element 100, provide reliable protection for it, effectively resist interference from adverse factors such as external dust and metal substances, and greatly extend the service life of the fuse. Preferably, in this embodiment, the housing 200 is transparent and visible, and whether the internal fuse element 100 is fused can be seen by the naked eye, without the need for instrument detection, which greatly shortens the detection time.

[0057] The first housing 210 and the second housing 220 are detachably connected by a snap-fit ​​assembly. The snap-fit ​​assembly is disposed on the first housing and the second housing to ensure accurate connection and positioning between the two, thereby providing a guarantee for the structural stability of the entire fuse. Preferably, the housing has a generally rectangular or box-shaped profile, which can completely enclose the fuse element and effectively prevent external factors from interfering with the fuse element.

[0058] The fuse of the present invention also includes an isolation component, which is centrally arranged in the first shell 210 or the second shell 220, and is used to separate the lower part of the shell 200 into a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber and the second chamber are respectively used to accommodate the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5, thereby realizing electrical isolation between the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5, and effectively avoiding electrical interference between the two terminal units.

[0059] Preferably, in this embodiment, the isolation component includes a partition plate 211 disposed within the first housing 210. The second housing 220 is provided with a central groove 2203, and the partition plate 211 cooperates with the central groove 2203 to achieve the positioning and clamping of the first housing 210 and the second housing 220, as well as maintain electrical isolation between the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5. Meanwhile, the isolation component further includes a central positioning end 212 located in the upper half of the housing 200, which is used to simultaneously contact the same-side ends of the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5 to achieve the positioning of the terminal units. The central positioning end 212 and the partition plate 211 can be integrally formed, enhancing the structural stability. Moreover, the central positioning end 212 includes at least one raised structure, and the height of this raised structure exceeds the thickness of the terminal unit, further improving the positioning accuracy of the terminal unit.

[0060] To improve the convenience and stability of the clamping between the first housing 210 and the second housing 220, in this embodiment, the clamping component includes a clamping groove 204 and a clamping member 2202. The clamping groove 204 is disposed on the inner sidewall of the first housing 210 and is distributed along a first direction. Correspondingly, the clamping member 2202 is disposed on the outer sidewall of the second housing 220, and each clamping member 2202 corresponds to a clamping groove 204 to achieve clamping and complete the connection between the first housing 210 and the second housing 220. It should be noted that the first direction here refers to Figure 8 the vertical direction in

[0061] To further improve the stability of the clamping, in some feasible ways, there are at least a pair of clamping grooves 204, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first housing 210, ensuring the stability of the connection. It can be understood that the clamping grooves 204 can be a pair, or two pairs or three pairs, and the present invention does not limit this. In this embodiment, the extension length of the clamping member in the first direction does not exceed the clamping groove, preventing the clamping member from protruding excessively and affecting the connection effect. Figure 8 the horizontal direction in

[0062] It can be understood that the number of positioning beams 203 in the present invention includes but is not limited to one. Through the cooperation of the positioning beams 203 with the positioning grooves 2211 and the cooperation of the clamping grooves 204 and the clamping members 2202, the housing is accurately positioned from different directions, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the overall structure of the fuse, and overcoming the defects of traditional fuses in terms of connection and positioning.

[0063] The fuse of this embodiment further includes a fork tooth guiding assembly, which includes an installation notch 230 provided on the housing 200, and the fork tooth gap of each terminal unit corresponds to the installation notch 230 in spatial position; the installation notch 230 limits and guides the position where the fork teeth of the terminal unit pass through the housing 200, ensuring that the fork teeth are connected to the external male terminal after passing through the housing 200, improving the accuracy and reliability of the connection.

[0064] To prevent shaking inside the fuse and unstable conditions of the fusing element 100. The fuse of this embodiment is also provided with an internal support assembly, which includes a positioning block 213 provided on the first housing 210, and the positioning block 213 is used for contacting and limiting one end of the terminal unit. The positioning blocks 213 are a pair, symmetrically arranged on both side walls inside the first housing 210, ensuring the stability of the terminal unit inside the housing.

[0065] Specifically, the internal support assembly in this embodiment further includes a support block 215 and an internal limiting edge 216, which are provided inside the lower half of the first housing 210 and are both used for contacting and supporting the fork teeth, forming a certain gap space between the fork teeth and the inner side wall of the first housing 210, playing a role of buffering and supporting. An internal fixing member 214 is provided inside the upper half of the first housing 210 and is used for contacting and supporting the fusible unit 1, forming a certain gap space between the fusible unit 1 and the inner side wall of the first housing 210, ensuring the stability of the fusible unit during operation.

[0066] In this embodiment, the first housing 210 is composed of a central positioning end 212, a first main housing 202, a positioning beam 203, a clamping groove 204, a first notch 205, and a partition 211. The central positioning end 212 is located at one end of the first housing 210, is in a block structure, has a certain thickness and length, and the outer surface is specially treated to ensure smooth and stable cooperation with other components during assembly, providing an accurate alignment and positioning reference for the installation of subsequent components.

[0067] As Figure 4 shown, the first main housing 202 is in a cuboid shape and is made of an insulating material with sufficient strength such as plastic or ceramic, providing a reliable accommodation space for the internal fusing element and support structure. Its outer shell has an appropriate thickness, which can effectively resist the risk of damage caused by external forces or internal components during use.

[0068] As can be seen from Figure 4 Figure 4 , in this embodiment, the positioning beam 203 is a long strip structure extending from one side of the first main housing 202, and its length, width and height are accurately set according to the overall design requirements. When connecting to the second housing 220, the positioning beam 203 needs to be accurately inserted into the positioning groove 2211 of the second housing 220, playing a key role in achieving precise alignment and positioning in the vertical direction. To ensure a tight fit, its surface is processed with high precision to reduce assembly errors.

[0069] Correspondingly, in this embodiment, the card slots 204 are distributed on the edge or side of the first main housing 202, and their shapes are mostly dovetail or rectangular grooves. Their dimensions are strictly matched with the fasteners 2202 of the second housing 220, and their depth and width are precisely designed, not only ensuring that the fasteners 2202 can be firmly embedded, but also facilitating subsequent disassembly and maintenance operations.

[0070] The first notch 205 is located on the side of the first main housing 202, usually rectangular or a shape adapted thereto, with corresponding length, width and depth, and its edges are chamfered. This not only avoids scratching when the fork teeth of the terminal unit 310 pass through, but also reduces stress concentration, while ensuring sufficient movement space after the fork teeth pass through.

[0071] The partition 211 is located in the area near the center inside the first main housing 202 (see Figure 3, Figure 4 ), and is determined according to the overall size of the fuse and the position requirements of the fuse element. During assembly, the partition 211 cooperates with the central groove 2203 of the second housing 220 (see Figure 6, Figure 7 ), achieving precise central positioning of the first housing 210 and the second housing 220 in the horizontal direction, and at the same time accurately determining the central position of the fuse element, ensuring the symmetry and stability of the entire fuse structure. To ensure stability, the surface of the partition 211 is roughened to generate appropriate friction to prevent displacement during use.

[0072] The second housing 220 includes a top sealing plate 221, a second main housing 222, a second notch 2201, a fastener 2202 and a central groove 2203. The top sealing plate 221 is a plate-like structure covering the top of the fuse, made of an insulating and relatively hard material such as hard plastic or metal sheet, with a flat and smooth surface, and is tightly connected to the first housing 210 and the second main housing 222. Sealing gaskets 2212 are provided at the connection parts between it and the first and second housings. The sealing gaskets 2212 are annular, made of rubber or silicone material with good elasticity and sealing performance, and their thickness is designed according to the sealing requirements, and can closely fit at the connection parts to form an effective sealing barrier, preventing external substances such as dust and metal substances from entering the interior of the fuse, further improving the protection performance of the fuse.

[0073] The second main housing 222, as the main body part of the second housing 220, is similar to the first main housing 202, in the shape of a cuboid, with its shape and size matching those of the first main housing 202. Its material and thickness are determined by comprehensively considering the structural strength and cost, providing accommodation space for internal components.

[0074] The second notch 2201 corresponds to the first notch 205, usually in the shape of a rectangle or trapezoid. Its depth and width are carefully designed to ensure that the fork teeth of the terminal unit 310 can smoothly pass through and guarantee the stability and reliability after passing through. At the same time, it plays a guiding and limiting role, enabling the fork teeth to accurately connect with the external male terminal after passing through the housing.

[0075] The card member 2202 extends from the side of the second main housing 222, which can be in the shape of a flat plate or with a certain arc. Its length, width, and thickness are determined according to the requirements of structural strength. Its outer surface may be provided with reinforcing ribs or textures, enhancing the strength and stability of the second housing 220. After assembly, it can be closely fitted with the first housing 210 or connected through auxiliary structures, strengthening the structural strength of the entire housing. The central groove 2203 is arranged inside the second main housing 222 and can be set as a cylindrical groove (see Figure 6, Figure 7 ) with its depth and diameter matching those of the partition 211. The inner wall has a high machining accuracy to ensure a tight fit with the partition 211 and guarantee the accuracy of horizontal positioning.

[0076] When assembling the first housing 210 and the second housing 220, the card slot 204 of the first housing 210 is precisely aligned with the card member 2202 of the second housing 220, and an appropriate pressure is applied to embed the card member 2202 into the card slot 204 to complete the preliminary snap connection. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the positioning beam 203 is accurately embedded into the positioning slot 2211 of the second housing 220, and the partition 211 is precisely inserted into the central groove 2203, thereby realizing the accurate position positioning of the first housing 210 and the second housing 220 in the vertical and horizontal directions. Attention should be paid to the alignment accuracy of each component during this process to avoid affecting the connection firmness and the normal operation of internal components due to assembly errors.

[0077] As Figures 10 - 18 shown, it consists of a first terminal unit 4, a second terminal unit 5, and a fusible unit 1. The first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5 have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed. This symmetrical design helps to evenly distribute the current and enhances the stability of the overall structure. Taking the first terminal unit 4 as an example, it has a first main fork tooth 42 and a first secondary fork tooth 43 (attached Figures 14 - 18 ), and the gap formed between the two is specifically used for inserting the male end of the mating part. The contact parts of the terminal unit with the side support columns 2021 of the first housing 210 and the side support members 2221 of the second housing 220 are provided with corresponding mating surfaces, whose shapes and sizes are designed according to the side support structure to ensure stability in the horizontal direction and prevent shaking.

[0078] In this embodiment, the first terminal unit 4 includes a first limiting portion 41. The first limiting portion 41 is connected to a first arc portion 411, and the first arc portion 411 is further connected to a first main fork tooth 42 and a first sub-fork tooth 43. On the inner side wall of the first main fork tooth 42, there are provided a first main upper contact point 42a and a first main lower contact point 42b, and on the inner side wall of the first sub-fork tooth 43, there are provided a first sub-upper contact point 43a and a first sub-lower contact point 43b. These raised contact points are the key parts for achieving good electrical contact. During the manufacturing process, the precision requirements for these raised contact points are extremely high. For example, the height difference between the first main upper contact point 42a of the first main fork tooth 42 and the first sub-upper contact point 43a of the first sub-fork tooth 43 is strictly controlled within 0.05 mm, and the surface roughness of the raised contact points reaches below Ra0.8. Such high-precision machining can ensure close fitting when contacting the male terminal, effectively reduce the contact resistance, and ensure the stable conduction of current.

[0079] In addition, the first main fork tooth 42 is connected to a first main extension end 421 through a first main upper inclined wall 422 and a first main lower inclined wall 423. Among them, the first main upper inclined wall 422 extends from the first main upper contact point 42a to the first arc portion 411, and the first main lower inclined wall 423 extends from the first main lower contact point 42b to the first arc portion 411. A first fork tooth gap 44 is formed between the first main fork tooth 42 and the first sub-fork tooth 43. The first fork tooth gap 44 extends to the first arc portion 411, and a first recess 45 is provided on the outer sides of the first main fork tooth 42 and the first sub-fork tooth 43. The first sub-fork tooth 43 also has a similar structure and is connected to a first sub-extension end 431 through an inclined wall. The design of the inclined section has multiple advantages. On the one hand, it increases the cross-sectional area of the fork tooth. According to the resistance law, increasing the cross-sectional area can effectively reduce the resistance, so that under the same voltage, the terminal can carry a larger current, thereby improving the working ability of the fuse in a high-current environment. On the other hand, the inclined section can guide the uniform distribution of current and reduce the occurrence of local overheating.

[0080] The included angle formed between the two inclined segments ranges from 150° to 160°. This angle design not only ensures the structural stability but also has a positive effect on the insertion and contact of the male terminal. During the insertion of the male terminal, this angle range can guide the male terminal to enter between the fork teeth along a specific direction, reducing the resistance and deviation during insertion and making the insertion operation smoother and more accurate. The appropriate angle can also prompt a larger contact area to be formed between the male terminal and the fork teeth. Based on the four-point contact (i.e., the contact between the first main upper contact point 42a, the first main lower contact point 42b, the first secondary upper contact point 43a, the first secondary lower contact point 43b and the male terminal), the contact resistance can be further reduced and the reliability of the electrical contact can be improved. At the same time, the larger contact area helps to disperse the current and reduce the possibility of local overheating. Moreover, the angle design of the fork teeth cooperates with the overall structure to enhance the stability of the fusing element 100. When subjected to an external force, the angle design enables the fork teeth to better withstand and disperse the force, reducing the risk of deformation, and affects the elasticity of the fork teeth, enabling them to generate appropriate elastic deformation after the male terminal is inserted, providing a certain degree of buffering and self-adaptive ability, and further ensuring the stability and reliability of the contact.

[0081] The second terminal unit 5 has the same structure as the first terminal unit 4, and includes a second limiting portion 51, a second arc portion 511, a second main fork tooth 52, a second secondary fork tooth 53, a second main upper contact point 52a, a second main lower contact point 52b, a second secondary upper contact point 53a, a second secondary lower contact point 53b, a second main extension end 521, a second secondary extension end 531, a second fork tooth gap 54 and a second recess 55. The positional relationship and functions of its various parts are similar to those of the corresponding parts of the first terminal unit 4. Their symmetrical distribution not only ensures the uniform distribution of current on the terminal unit but also enhances the stability of the overall structure.

[0082] The fusible unit 1 is the core component for realizing the overcurrent protection function of the fuse, and it includes a plurality of conductive arms and a plurality of bridging segments 11 ( Figures 14 - 18 ). The conductive arms are firmly connected to the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5 respectively. Transition segments, such as a first transition segment 121 and a second transition segment 131, are provided at the connection parts between the conductive arms and the terminal units. The cross-sectional area of these transition segments gradually increases from the side away from the terminal unit towards the terminal unit. Based on the characteristics of current transmission in a conductor, this design can effectively reduce the concentration of current at the connection parts, reduce the contact resistance, and thus ensure the efficient transmission of current between the terminal unit and the fusible unit 1. In some realizable embodiments, the surface of the conductive arm may have a coating or other surface treatment to enhance the conductivity and anti-oxidation performance and ensure long-term stable current conduction.

[0083] The bridging section 11 is a key part for implementing the fusing function and connects different conductive arms. Under normal current conditions, the bridging section 11 can stably carry the current. At least one side of the bridging section 11 is provided with spherical diffusion parts, such as the first spherical diffusion part 2 and the second spherical diffusion part 3 ( Figures 14 - 18 ), the spherical diffusion parts are approximately spherical, have a certain diameter and wall thickness, and are designed according to the fusing characteristics of the fuse, which can increase the volume and surface area of this part, and optimize the heat distribution and conduction. Inside the spherical diffusion part is provided with an easily fusible component, whose melting temperature is lower than that of the bridging section 11, usually a low-melting-point metal or alloy such as tin or lead-tin alloy, and its shape and size are determined according to the dimensions of the bridging section 11 and the spherical diffusion part.

[0084] When the current is overloaded, according to Joule's law, the bridging section 11 heats up due to the current generating heat, and the easily fusible component reaches the melting point and melts first. According to the principle of the melting point reduction of the alloy, the fusing process of the bridging section 11 is greatly accelerated, the response speed of the fuse is significantly improved, and the safety of the equipment is protected. For example, in this embodiment, the bridging section is made of copper alloy material, and an easily fusible component is embedded in the spherical diffusion part provided on one side thereof, which can improve the protection response time of the fuse. The thickness and length of the bridging section 11 are optimized to ensure accurate and reliable fusing under different overloaded currents. The contact parts of the fusible unit 1 with the central support column 2022 of the first housing 210 and the central support member 2222 of the second housing 220 are designed with corresponding mating surfaces or structures to ensure the stability and reliability of the support.

[0085] The spherical diffusion part is composed of two detachable hemispheres with a manufacturing precision controlled within ±0.02 mm. After assembly, its diameter is 0.5 mm - 1.0 mm larger than the width of the bridging section. The diameter dimension of the spherical diffusion part is larger than the width dimension of the bridging section 11, and spherical diffusion parts can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bridging section 11 to further optimize the fusing effect. The spherical diffusion part is arranged at the bending part, such as the first bending part 21 and the second bending part 31. One end of the bending part is connected to the bridging section 11, and the other end is connected to the conductive arm. This structural design can effectively guide the current flow and improve the overall performance of the fusible unit 1.

[0086] From the simulation data results of the temperature distribution of the fuse under different current input conditions, it can be seen that under a relatively stable operating state, when the fusing element in the embodiment of the present invention operates at rated conditions, the temperature of the contact point is close to the ambient temperature. Taking the example of inputting a current of 10 A, the contact point temperature is 24.4773 K at this time, which indicates that the thermal stability at the contact point is good and the heat generation phenomenon at the contact point is weak. Due to less heat generation, the oxidation degree of the contact point will be very light, which has a positive effect on extending the service life of the product.

[0087] When the fuse encounters a large current (such as an impact current), that is, when the passing current reaches more than 1 times the rated current of the fusing element (for example, 60A or 80A), the main heat generation point is concentrated in the fusing part. Although the duration of such a large current is short, basically within 1 second, the temperature of the fusing part rises rapidly. Taking the case of passing a 60A current as an example, the temperature at the fusing position is as high as 144.574k, while the temperature of the contact point (76.2501k) is much lower than the softening temperature of the material. From the comparison of simulation data under various current conditions, the heat generation point is always mainly concentrated in the fusing part, and its temperature far exceeds that of the contact point. In this case, the contact point is limitedly affected by the large current, has little impact on the oxidation degree and contact stability of the product, thus ensuring the stability of the product quality and helping to improve the service life of the product.

[0088] When installing the fusing element 100 into the housing 200, it is necessary to operate strictly in accordance with the predetermined steps. First, arrange the conductive arms and the bridging section 11 of the fusible unit 1 at the predetermined positions so that they are in close contact with the central support column 2022 of the first housing 210 and the central support member 2222 of the second housing 220, obtaining stable and reliable support in the vertical direction to ensure that it is in the accurate working position. At the same time, the outer sides of the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5 are in full contact with the side support columns 2021 of the first housing 210 and the side support members 2221 of the second housing 220 to ensure stability in the horizontal direction and prevent shaking or displacement. Then, perform the housing assembly. During the assembly process, it is necessary to ensure that each component such as the card slot 204 and the card member 2202, the positioning beam 203 and the positioning slot 2211, and the partition 211 and the central slot 2203 are accurately aligned. Complete the assembly of the fuse through precise operation to ensure the fitting accuracy between components and avoid affecting the performance of the fuse due to improper installation.

[0089] During normal operation, the current flows into the fusing element 100 from the external circuit through the male end of the mating part. Specifically, the current first enters through the raised points on the fork teeth of the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5 (such as the first main upper contact point 42a, the first main lower contact point 42b, the first secondary upper contact point 43a, the first secondary lower contact point 43b, the second main upper contact point 52a, the second main lower contact point 52b, the second secondary upper contact point 53a, the second secondary lower contact point 53b, etc.). These raised contact points are in close contact with the male end, forming a stable electrical contact to ensure that the current can flow in smoothly. Then, the current flows into the bridging section 11 of the fusible unit 1 through the conductive arms (realizing efficient transmission with the help of transition sections such as the first transition section 121 and the second transition section 131), and then is evenly conducted to the entire fusing element. Within the normal current range, although heat is generated when the current flows in the fuse body, the generated heat can be dissipated in time, the fuse will not blow, and the fuse works normally to ensure the stable operation of the circuit.

[0090] Once abnormal conditions such as overload or short circuit occur in the circuit, the current will increase sharply. At this time, the fusible component of the bridging section 11 will rapidly heat up due to the large amount of heat generated by the current, and start to melt after reaching its melting point. Since the fusible component is arranged within the spherical diffusion part, the special structure of the spherical diffusion part will promote the concentration and diffusion of heat, accelerating the fusing process of the bridging section 11. When the bridging section 11 fuses, the circuit is cut off, thus protecting the circuit and related electrical equipment from damage caused by excessive current, and achieving a reliable overcurrent protection function.

[0091] During the insertion of the male terminal, since the upper gap L1 defined by the upper contact points of the main fork teeth and the secondary fork teeth is greater than the lower gap L2 defined by the lower contact points of the upper protrusions ( Figure 15 ). When the male terminal of the mating part is inserted, the lower gap L2 first contacts the male terminal and spreads the angle, and then contacts the upper gap L1. The lower gap L2 is slightly smaller than the upper gap L1, which can provide stable four-point contact, avoiding clamping looseness and distortion or deformation of the contact points. The lower gap L2 is small, providing a stable clamping force to ensure a good contact pressure is formed between the male terminal and the fork teeth, thus achieving a reliable electrical connection. The absolute value of the difference between L2 and L1 is between 0.03 mm and 0.08 mm. The angle between the upper and lower inclined wall sections of the fork teeth is between 150° and 160°. This angle design plays an important role during the insertion of the male terminal, guiding the insertion direction of the male terminal, reducing resistance and deviation, increasing the contact area, reducing the contact resistance, dispersing the current, enhancing the structural stability and elastic deformation ability, and ensuring the reliability of the contact.

[0092] When assembling the fuse of the present invention, first place the fusing element within the accommodation space formed by the combination of the first housing 210 and the second housing 220. Align the fusible unit 1 of the fusing element with the central support column 2022 of the first housing 210 and the central support member 2222 of the second housing 220, so that the fusible unit 1 can be stably supported in the vertical direction, ensuring it is in a suitable working position. At the same time, place the terminal unit 310 in a suitable position so that its outer side contacts the side support column 2021 of the first housing 210 and the side support member 2221 of the second housing 220, to ensure that the terminal unit 310 does not shake in the horizontal direction.

[0093] Then, assemble the first housing 210 and the second housing 220. Align the card slot 204 of the first housing 210 with the card member 2202 of the second housing 220, and by applying appropriate pressure, embed the card member 2202 into the card slot 204 to complete the snap connection. During this process, ensure that the positioning beam 203 is accurately embedded into the positioning slot 2211 of the second housing 220, and the partition 211 is inserted into the central slot 2203 to achieve precise position positioning of the first housing 210 and the second housing 220 in the vertical and horizontal directions. This precise positioning ensures that the fusing element is in a stable position within the housing, avoiding position offset caused by improper housing connection.

[0094] Next, pass the fork teeth of the terminal unit 310 through the first notch 205 and the second notch 2201. Due to the precise matching of the shapes and sizes of the first notch 205 and the second notch 2201 to the fork teeth, the process of passing the fork teeth through will be very smooth, and the position after passing through will be accurately limited and guided, preparing for subsequent connection with the external male terminal.

[0095] In the normal working state, current flows into the fork teeth of the terminal unit 310 and is conducted to the bridging section 11 through the conductive arm. When the current in the circuit is within the normal range, the current will continuously pass through the fuse and will not affect the fusing element. However, when an overload or short circuit occurs in the circuit, the current will increase sharply, and the fusible component of the bridging section 11 will quickly heat up due to the heat generated by the current and start to melt after reaching its melting point. Since the fusible component is arranged within the spherical diffusion portion, the special structure of the spherical diffusion portion will promote the concentration and diffusion of heat, accelerating the fusing process of the bridging section 11. When the bridging section 11 fuses, the circuit is cut off, thereby protecting the circuit and related electrical equipment from damage caused by excessive current.

[0096] The above has made an exemplary description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods. As long as such non-substantive improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-stability fuse, comprising a housing (200) and a fuse element (100), characterized in that: The housing (200) comprises a first housing (210) and a second housing (220), the first housing (210) and the second housing (220) cooperate to form a closed space for accommodating the fuse element (100), and the first housing (210) and the second housing (220) are detachably connected via a snap-on assembly; The fuse element (100) comprises a plurality of terminal units and fusible units (1), each of the terminal units having a main tine and a secondary tine, and a gap arranged between the main tine and the secondary tine, the gap being used to insert a male end of a counterpart, the inner side walls of the main tine and the secondary tine having at least upper and lower raised contact points, and the positions of the upper and lower raised contact points of the main tine respectively correspond to the positions of the upper and lower raised contact points of the secondary tine, and each of the raised contact points is used to form an electrical contact with the male end inserted into the gap between the main tine and the secondary tine; The fusible unit (1) is arranged between the plurality of terminal units, and when an overcurrent state occurs, the fusible unit (1) is disconnected, causing the current flow between the plurality of terminal units to be interrupted; The upper gap defined by the upper protruding contact points of the main fork tine and the auxiliary fork tine is L1, and the lower gap defined by the lower protruding contact points of the main fork tine and the auxiliary fork tine is L2, wherein the lower gap L2 is less than the upper gap L1.

2. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuse element (100) comprises a first terminal unit (4) and a second terminal unit (5), and the two have the same structure; The first terminal unit (4) comprises a first main fork tine (42) and a first secondary fork tine (43), which have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed.

3. The high stability fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: An isolation component is centrally arranged in the first housing (210) or the second housing (220), and is used to separate the lower part of the housing (200) into a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively used to accommodate the first terminal unit (4) and the second terminal unit (5), thereby achieving electrical isolation between the first terminal unit (4) and the second terminal unit (5).

4. The high stability fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The isolation assembly comprises: A partition (211) is arranged in the first shell (210), the second shell (220) is provided with a central groove (2203), and the partition (211) cooperates with the central groove (2203) to achieve positioning and clamping of the first shell (210) and the second shell (220), and to maintain electrical isolation between the first terminal unit (4) and the second terminal unit (5).

5. The high stability fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The isolation assembly further comprises: A central positioning end (212) located at the upper half of the housing (200) and used to simultaneously contact the ends of the first terminal unit (4) and the second terminal unit (5) on the same side to achieve positioning of the terminal units; And / or, the central positioning end (212) and the partition (211) are integrally formed; And / or, the central positioning end (212) comprises at least one protruding structure, the height of the protruding structure exceeds the thickness of the terminal unit.

6. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fusible unit (1) comprises: a plurality of conductive arms, each conductive arm being configured to be connected to a terminal unit; A plurality of bridge sections (11), both sides of each bridge section (11) are respectively connected to a conductive arm, and in an overcurrent state, the bridge section (11) is fused to interrupt the current flow between the terminal units on both sides.

7. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises: A card slot (204), the card slot (204) being arranged on the inner side wall of the first shell (210) and distributed along a first direction; A clamping member (2202), the clamping member (2202) being arranged on the outer side wall of the second shell (220), and each of the clamping members (2202) is correspondingly clamped with a clamping slot (204), thereby completing the connection between the first shell (210) and the second shell (220); And / or, the card slots (204) are at least a pair, symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first shell (210); And / or, the extension length of the clamping member (2202) in the first direction does not exceed that of the clamping slot (204).

8. The high stability fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping assembly further comprises: A positioning beam (203), the positioning beam (203) being arranged on an inner side wall of an end portion of the first shell (210) and distributed along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; A positioning groove (2211), wherein the positioning groove (2211) is provided on the second shell (220), and each positioning beam (203) cooperates with one positioning groove (2211) to achieve connection between the first shell (210) and the second shell (220); And / or, the number of the positioning beam (203) includes but is not limited to one.

9. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A fork tine guide assembly, comprising mounting notches (230) provided on a housing (200), each of the mounting notches corresponding to a fork tine gap of a terminal unit in terms of spatial position; The installation notch (230) limits and guides the position of the main fork tine and the auxiliary fork tine of the terminal unit passing through the housing (200), ensuring that the main fork tine and the auxiliary fork tine are connected to the external male end after passing through the housing (200).

10. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An internal support assembly, comprising a positioning block (213) provided on the first housing (210), the positioning block (213) being used to contact and limit a side end portion of the terminal unit; And / or, the positioning blocks (213) are a pair, symmetrically arranged on two side walls inside the first shell (210).

11. The high stability fuse according to claim 10, characterized in that: The internal support assembly also includes: The support block (215) and the inner limit edge (216) are arranged in the lower half of the first shell (210), and are used to contact and support the main fork tines and the auxiliary fork tines, so as to form a certain gap space between the main fork tines and the auxiliary fork tines and the inner side wall of the first shell (210); The internal fixing member (214) is arranged in the upper half of the first shell (210) and is used for contacting and supporting the fusible unit (1), so as to form a certain gap space between the fusible unit (1) and the inner side wall of the first shell (210).

12. The high stability fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The housing (200) has a generally rectangular or box-shaped outline, which is used to completely enclose the fuse element (100).

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