Ventilation device, ventilation system and method for animal cages

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of animal room ventilation, and discloses an animal cage ventilation device, a ventilation system and a method for an animal room. The animal cage ventilation device comprises a supply air jet integrated in the side of the animal cage, an upper foldable metal plate and a lower foldable metal plate; the supply air jet is internally provided with two horizontal hole plates, and the internal space is divided into three cavities. One side of the upper cavity is connected with an air inlet hose, and communicates with the upper foldable metal plate; the lower cavity is connected with the lower foldable metal plate. The upper cavity is further provided with a vertical hole plate, and is subdivided into two cavities. The contaminated gas generated by the animal cage and the lower manure tank is discharged through the exhaust short pipe on the side of the manure tank and the exhaust hose, and the inner side of the device is provided with an air outlet hole plate. The supply air jet is flexibly installed on the side wall of the animal cage through a sliding mechanism. The present application can adapt to different sizes of experimental animals, supply air to the breathing area to improve air quality, and can also reduce the air volume and load of the air conditioning system of the animal room, thereby solving the problem of high energy consumption.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of animal room ventilation, and particularly relates to an animal room cage ventilation device, a ventilation system and a method. BACKGROUND

[0002] An animal room is a facility specially used for feeding and managing experimental animals in scientific research institutions or laboratories, which can provide strict control of environmental conditions (such as temperature, wind speed, etc.) for experimental animals, and plays a crucial role in life science research. Taking experimental pigs as an example, experimental pigs are one of the commonly used experimental animals, which have similar anatomical structure and physiological characteristics to humans, are easy to feed and manage, have strong reproductive ability, and high plasticity, and are widely used in scientific research in the fields of medical research and development, disease simulation, organ transplantation, etc.

[0003] Experimental pigs such as SPF pigs (specific pathogen-free pigs) and germ-free pigs require strict experimental animal room feeding environments. The environment of an experimental pig animal room needs to consider factors such as temperature, humidity, air quality, lighting, space and facilities, social environment, and noise and interference, in order to provide a good experimental environment that meets the physiological and behavioral needs of pigs. According to the national standard GB14925 "Experimental Animal Environment and Facilities", the feeding environment of experimental pigs is divided into ordinary environment, barrier environment and isolation environment, among which the isolation environment is the most stringent, requiring a temperature range of 20~26℃, a daily temperature difference of ≤4℃, a ventilation frequency of ≥20 h -1 , a cage periphery air flow velocity of ≤0.2 m / s, an ammonia concentration of ≤14 mg / m 3 , etc. Ventilation and air conditioning is a key means of environmental protection for experimental animal rooms, which can provide good air quality, control temperature and humidity, prevent cross infection, support the stability of experimental conditions and protect the health of experimental personnel, and provide reliable basic conditions for scientific research.

[0004] The animal room ventilation and air conditioning system usually runs with all fresh air 24 hours a day, and the typical working condition cooling load in the cold season is as high as 300 W / m 2The air conditioning system has huge energy consumption. The reason is that the animal room often adopts the mixed ventilation form of top sending and bottom discharging (or full room dilution ventilation), and the design concept aims to create the required temperature, air speed and other environmental parameters in the entire room (the entire volume of the room). The load composition of this ventilation form is mixed ventilation, uniform environment and full space (full room) as the air conditioning area. However, engineering practice shows that for the animal room for breeding experimental animals, the area that needs to be controlled is mainly the local environment inside the cage, and the entire room does not need to be controlled. For many years, due to the lack of attention to the fact that the animal room only needs to control the local environment of the animal as the target, and the lack of a ventilation method suitable for engineering popularization and application, the mixed ventilation air conditioning method is still widely used, and 30% to 70% of invalid load is often lost in the peripheral area of the cage, resulting in huge waste of energy.

[0005] Therefore, based on the environmental demand characteristics of the animal room, an animal cage ventilation device is proposed, which is of great significance to improve the air quality, thermal environment and ventilation and air conditioning efficiency of the animal room, reduce the cross-infection risk between experimental animals, efficiently remove waste gas and harmful gas emitted by experimental animals, and protect the health and safety of experimental personnel. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide an animal room cage ventilation device, a ventilation system and a method, which solves the problems of air environment protection of experimental animals and energy saving and carbon reduction of the animal room ventilation and air conditioning system.

[0007] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The animal room cage ventilation device comprises a supply air jet device integrated with the side of the animal cage, an upper foldable metal plate and a lower foldable metal plate.

[0009] The supply air jet device is a hollow box, and the hollow box is provided with a first horizontal hole plate and a second horizontal hole plate, and is divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity.

[0010] The side of the upper cavity is connected with an air inlet hose, the upper side of the upper cavity is connected with the upper foldable metal plate, and the lower side of the lower cavity is connected with the lower foldable metal plate.

[0011] A vertical hole plate is arranged in the upper cavity close to the air inlet, and the upper cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity.

[0012] An air outlet hole plate with a plurality of holes is arranged on the inner side of the upper and lower cavities close to the animal.

[0013] An air outlet hole plate with a plurality of holes is arranged on the inner side of the upper and lower cavities close to the animal.

[0014] The air supply jet is connected to the side wall of the animal cage through a sliding mechanism.

[0015] Further, the side of the upper cavity is connected with an air inlet stub pipe, the air inlet stub pipe is provided with an air volume adjusting valve, and the air inlet stub pipe and an air inlet hose are in communication.

[0016] Further, the side of the lower part of the animal cage is connected with an air outlet stub pipe, the air outlet stub pipe is in communication with an air outlet channel through an air outlet hose, and the air outlet channel is provided with a check valve.

[0017] Further, the sliding mechanism comprises a gear and a sliding groove; the gear is nested in the sliding groove, the sliding groove is connected to the side wall of the air supply jet, and the gear is connected with a start-stop component for controlling the rotation of the gear.

[0018] Under the rotation of the gear, the sliding groove is vertically displaced to drive the air supply jet to be displaced.

[0019] Further, the hole diameter of the hole on the air inlet side of the first horizontal hole plate and the second horizontal hole plate is larger than the hole diameter of the hole at the rear end.

[0020] Further, the second horizontal hole plate is located at the middle part of the air supply jet.

[0021] Further, the air outlet speed of the air outlet hole plate is 0-0.2 m / s.

[0022] The application further discloses a ventilation method of the animal cage with the ventilation device, and the air supply jet is adjusted to an adaptive position through the sliding mechanism.

[0023] The air flow enters the first cavity through the air inlet hose, and after being blocked by the vertical hole plate, part of the air flow directly enters the middle cavity, and the other part of the air flow enters the second cavity and then enters the middle cavity through the first horizontal hole plate.

[0024] The air flow in the middle cavity is jetted into the lower cavity through the second horizontal hole plate.

[0025] The air flow in the lower cavity enters the animal cage through the air outlet hole plate.

[0026] A ventilation system comprises a ceiling air supply pipeline, a ceiling air supply diffuser, a side wall air outlet, and a plurality of the animal cage with the ventilation device.

[0027] The ceiling air supply diffuser is installed below the ceiling air supply pipeline.

[0028] The ceiling air supply pipeline is arranged in the ceiling of the room, the bottom of the ceiling air supply pipeline is provided with a plurality of air outlets located above the animal cage, the air outlets are in communication with the corresponding air supply jets through air inlet hoses, and the side wall air outlet is in communication with the air outlet channel.

[0029] The air outlet at the bottom of the ceiling air supply pipeline and the air exhaust outlet of the side wall are provided with adjusting valves for independent air volume adjustment.

[0030] The application further discloses a ventilation method of the ventilation system, which comprises the following processes:

[0031] The processed air supply flow is sent to the ceiling air supply pipeline, and then is sent into each air supply jet through the air inlet hose and the ceiling air supply diffuser; and the contaminated air in the animal room is discharged into the exhaust duct through the air exhaust hose of the animal room cage ventilation device and the side wall air exhaust outlet.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] The application discloses an animal room cage ventilation device, which combines the air supply jet with the animal cage, divides a plurality of cavities through horizontal hole plates and vertical hole plates, can perform multi-stage distribution and adjustment on the entering airflow, makes the airflow more uniformly and stably enter the animal cage, avoids direct impact of the airflow on the animal, and provides a comfortable environment for the animal. The air inlet hose is connected to the air supply jet, the air inlet hose introduces fresh air, the air exhaust hose is arranged at the bottom of the animal cage, the air exhaust hose discharges the foul air in the animal cage, forms good air circulation, and guarantees the air quality in the animal cage. The air supply jet designed in the application can slide along the side wall of the animal cage through the sliding mechanism, can adjust the air supply position according to the actual situation such as the growth stage and the activity range of the animal, improves the pertinence of the ventilation effect, the air supply airflow can be directly sent to the breathing area of the animal, and then is discharged through the manure groove air exhaust outlet of the animal cage bottom plate, forms directional flow of the airflow, improves the breathing air quality of the animal room, and can reduce the cross-infection risk of the experimental animals caused by the whole-room mixed ventilation. Since the animal cage has a small volume, the required air supply amount for local environment control is small, the air volume of the air conditioning system and the required processing load are greatly reduced, and the purposes of energy saving and carbon reduction are achieved.

[0034] Further, the hole diameters of the air inlet side of the first horizontal hole plate and the second horizontal hole plate are larger than the hole diameters of the rear end. The design of the gradually changing hole diameters can further uniformly distribute the airflow, the hole diameter of the air inlet side is larger, the airflow can enter quickly, and as the airflow flows, the hole diameter gradually decreases, so that the airflow is subjected to certain resistance when passing through the hole plate, thereby making the airflow more uniformly distributed in each cavity and the animal cage, avoiding too strong or too weak local airflow, and guaranteeing the uniformity of ventilation.

[0035] Further, the second horizontal hole plate is arranged at the middle position, which is beneficial to more reasonably distribute the airflow between the middle cavity and the lower cavity. After the airflow passes through the middle cavity, the airflow can be stably and uniformly jetted into the lower cavity, further guaranteeing that the airflow blown from the air outlet hole plate is uniform and stable, and providing a good ventilation environment for the animal.

[0036] Further, the vertical displacement adjustment of the air supply jet is realized by controlling the gear rotation through the start-stop component. This precise adjustment mode can adjust the air supply jet to the optimal air supply position according to the actual situation of the animals (such as the height change of the animals in different growth stages), so that the fresh air can be more accurately supplied to the area where the animals are located, and the ventilation efficiency and effect are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ventilation device for the animal house cage according to the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the air supply jet and other components connected thereto;

[0039] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the air supply jet;

[0040] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a three-view diagram of the air supply jet, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a top view;

[0041] Figure 5 Fig. 5 is a hole plate diagram of the air supply jet, wherein (a) is a first horizontal hole plate, (b) is a vertical hole plate, and (c) is a second horizontal hole plate;

[0042] Figure 6 Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the side gear and the sliding groove of the animal cage;

[0043] Figure 7 Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the ventilation device and the ventilation system for the animal house cage according to the present application;

[0044] Figure 8 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the upper ceiling pipe system;

[0045] Figure 9 Fig. 9 is a comparison of the speed distribution cloud diagram of the animal cage in the summer and winter under the air supply according to the present application and the traditional air supply, wherein (a) is the speed cloud diagram in the summer, (b) is the temperature cloud diagram in the summer, (c) is the speed cloud diagram in the winter, and (d) is the temperature cloud diagram in the winter;

[0046] Figure 10 Fig. 10 is a comparison of the temperature distribution cloud diagram of the animal cage in the summer and winter under the air supply according to the present application and the traditional air supply, wherein (a) is the ammonia concentration distribution cloud diagram in the summer, and (b) is the ammonia concentration distribution cloud diagram in the winter;

[0047] Figure 11 Fig. 11 is a comparison of the ammonia concentration distribution cloud diagram of the animal cage in the summer and winter under the air supply according to the present application and the traditional air supply, wherein (a) is the ammonia concentration distribution cloud diagram in the summer under the air supply according to the present application, (b) is the ammonia concentration distribution cloud diagram in the winter under the air supply according to the present application, (c) is the ammonia concentration distribution cloud diagram in the summer under the traditional air supply, and (d) is the ammonia concentration distribution cloud diagram in the winter under the traditional air supply;

[0048] Fig. (b) is a summer ammonia concentration distribution cloud chart of a traditional up-supply and up-exhaust hybrid ventilation mode;

[0049] Fig. (d) is a winter ammonia concentration distribution cloud chart of a traditional up-supply and up-exhaust hybrid ventilation mode;

[0050] Figure 12 Comparison of simulation results of traditional hybrid ventilation and the ventilation system of the present application;

[0051] Fig. (a) is a test point layout chart of a pig breathing zone in each cage;

[0052] Fig. (b) is a comparison of pollutant removal efficiency of the ventilation system of the present application and a traditional ventilation system;

[0053] Fig. (c) is a comparison of ammonia concentration at each monitoring point under different ventilation modes in summer;

[0054] Fig. (d) is a comparison of ammonia concentration at each monitoring point under different ventilation modes in winter.

[0055] In the figure, 1, animal cage; 2, air supply jet; 4, chute; 5, gear; 6, start-stop component; 7, air volume regulating valve; 8, air inlet hose; 9, air outlet short pipe; 10, air outlet hose; 11, check valve; 12, ceiling air supply duct; 13, ceiling air supply diffuser; 14, side wall air outlet;

[0056] 201, air inlet short pipe; 202, vertical orifice plate; 203, first horizontal orifice plate; 204, second horizontal orifice plate; 205, air outlet orifice plate;

[0057] 301, upper foldable metal plate; 302, lower foldable metal plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear and explicit, the following further detailed description is made in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application, that is, the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present application, but not all examples.

[0059] The components described and shown in the drawings and examples of the present application can be arranged and designed in various different configurations, therefore, the detailed description of the examples of the present application provided in the following drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only to represent a selected embodiment of the present application. Based on the drawings and examples of the present application, all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts, all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0060] It is to be understood that the terms "comprising", "including", or other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that processes, elements, methods, articles, or apparatuses that comprise a list of elements do not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, elements, methods, articles, or apparatuses. In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" are based on the orientation and position relationship of the devices or components shown in the drawings, and are only for better description of the present application, and are not required to have the specific orientation of the devices, components or equipment shown, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0061] The features and performances of the present application are further described in detail below in combination with embodiments.

[0062] For the air environment regulation problem of animal room, the common ventilation and air conditioning air flow organization form is up-sending and up-exhausting, which belongs to mixing ventilation based on dilution principle. However, for the animal room, the region to be regulated is not the whole space, but the regulation of the small environment of the experimental animal region, so most of the cold and heat of the traditional mixing ventilation mode air conditioning system is wasted in the invalid region, and the ventilation and air conditioning energy utilization rate is poor. Then can a kind of air supply air flow organization form taking the regulation of the air environment of experimental animals and their surrounding as the main target be designed, and fresh air is directly sent to the breathing area and activity area of animals, while the environmental regulation demand of the working area of the breeder is also considered.

[0063] In order to solve this problem, the present application proposes a ventilation form combining the air supply and exhaust based on the animal cage with the overall air supply and exhaust of the animal room, which effectively combines the internal structure characteristics of the animal room space to realize efficient ventilation. The animal cage is combined with the air supply jet device 2 and the air supply pipeline to realize unit type, modular air supply and local environment regulation, and the air flow can be directly delivered to the activity area of the experimental animal. More importantly, when multiple animal cages are placed in the animal room, the animals in different animal cages have different requirements for temperature, wind speed and other air environment due to differences in growth stage, type and the like, and the air supply form can realize differentiated regulation of the air environment of different animal cages. Therefore, this air supply form can effectively avoid the shortcomings of traditional mixing ventilation, greatly reduce the waste of cold and heat of the air conditioning system, and improve the air supply effect.

[0064] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the present embodiment proposes a new type of animal room cage ventilation device for directional air supply of the animal room, which comprises an air supply jet device 2 integrated on the front of the animal cage 1, a foldable metal plate, an air inlet hose 8, and an air exhaust hose 10 located on the side of the manure tank at the lower part of the animal cage.

[0065] The air supply jet device 2 is a hollow cuboid, and an air inlet short pipe 201 is arranged on the upper side of the air supply jet device 2. One side of the air inlet short pipe 201 is sequentially connected with an air volume adjusting valve 7 and an air inlet hose 8, and the other side of the air inlet short pipe 201 is connected with an air inlet area. The air supply and exhaust system of the animal house can realize positive pressure or negative pressure ventilation of the room by adjusting the air supply and exhaust volume according to the needs.

[0066] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the air supply jet device 2 is provided with a first horizontal hole plate 203 and a second horizontal hole plate 204, and is divided into three sub-cavities, specifically an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity.

[0067] A vertical hole plate 202 is further arranged in the upper cavity, and the first cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity again, so that the air supply flow is uniformly distributed in the cavity under the action of the vertical hole plate 202.

[0068] In the lower cavity, the inner side of the air outlet area close to the animal is an air outlet hole plate 205 with a plurality of air outlet holes, and the air flow flows into the upper cavity through the air inlet short pipe 201, and then flows out through the air outlet holes of the air outlet hole plate 205 of the air outlet area after being uniformly distributed by the vertical hole plate 202, the first horizontal hole plate 203 and the second horizontal hole plate 204. The air outlet speed of the air outlet hole plate 205 is 0-0.2m / s.

[0069] The exhaust short pipe 9 is connected with the exhaust hose 10 and the exhaust duct, and the non-return valve 11 is arranged on the exhaust duct. The animal cage exhaust port arranged on the side of the manure tank directly discharges harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide generated by the manure, avoids the diffusion of the harmful gases to the interior of the animal house, and has high pollutant removal efficiency. The non-return valve 11 can prevent the air in the exhaust duct from flowing back to the animal cage 1 under certain conditions (such as pressure change of the exhaust duct), avoid the polluted air from entering the animal cage 1 again, and ensure the stability of the air quality in the animal cage 1.

[0070] Specifically, the diameter of the air inlet short pipe 201 is 80mm, and the length is 100mm; the diameter of the exhaust short pipe 9 is 100mm, and the length is 150mm.

[0071] The top and bottom of the air supply jet device 2 are connected with the upper foldable metal plate 301 and the lower foldable metal plate 302 respectively; the air supply jet device 2 realizes vertical displacement on the side of the animal cage 1 through the sliding mechanism, and the foldable metal plate is designed to facilitate the sliding of the air supply jet device 2.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6As shown in the figure, the sliding mechanism includes a gear 5 and a sliding groove 4; the gear 5 is nested in the sliding groove 4, the sliding groove 4 is connected to the side wall of the air supply jet 2, the gear 5 is connected with a start-stop component 6 for controlling the rotation of the gear 5; under the rotation of the gear 5, the sliding groove 4 makes vertical displacement, driving the air supply jet 2 to displace.

[0073] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the vertical orifice plate 202 has a plurality of circular orifices, the aperture is 25 mm, the hole center distance is 32 mm, and the opening rate is 44%.

[0074] The first horizontal orifice plate 203 has a plurality of circular orifices, the aperture from the air inlet side to the other end is 30 mm, 25 mm and 10 mm respectively, the orifice area ratio of the aperture of 30 mm is 16%, and the opening rate of this area is 50%; the orifice area ratio of the aperture of 25 mm is 42%, and the opening rate is 40%; the orifice area ratio of the aperture of 15 mm is 42%, and the opening rate is 14%.

[0075] The second horizontal orifice plate 204 has a plurality of circular orifices, the aperture from the air inlet side to the other end is 25 mm and 15 mm respectively, the orifice area ratio of the aperture of 25 mm is 33%, and the opening rate is 33%; the orifice area ratio of the aperture of 15 mm is 67%, and the opening rate is 18%.

[0076] The aperture of the air outlet orifice plate 205 is 30 mm, the hole center distance is 40 mm, and the opening rate is 34%.

[0077] The shell width of the air supply jet 2 is slightly smaller than the front width of the animal cage 1, the height is 400 mm, the thickness is 100 mm, the height of the three sub-cavities of the air inlet area is 100 mm, the height of the air outlet cavity is 200 mm, and the vertical orifice plate 202 is 130 mm away from the air inlet.

[0078] As shown in Figure 5 (a)- Figure 5 (c), the orifice aperture of the air inlet side of the first horizontal orifice plate 203 and the second horizontal orifice plate 204 is larger than that of the rear end. The larger air inlet side aperture facilitates the rapid entry of airflow, and as the airflow flows, the aperture gradually decreases, allowing the airflow to be subjected to a certain resistance when passing through the orifice plate, thereby making the airflow more evenly distributed in each cavity and the animal cage 1, avoiding local airflow that is too strong or too weak, and ensuring the uniformity of ventilation.

[0079] Meanwhile, the application discloses an animal room ventilation system, and the ventilation device of the animal room cage serves as a terminal device of the air conditioning ventilation system, an air inlet of the ventilation device is connected with a supply air duct in an upper ceiling of the room through a flexible air pipe, and an adjusting valve is arranged at the air inlet to adjust the supply air volume according to requirements. Air flow is sent into a supply air jet through the flexible air pipe, and the supply air jet is provided with a supply air area and a discharge air area, so that the uniform supply air purpose is achieved. A discharge air outlet of the animal cage is arranged on a side of a lower manure groove, so that harmful gases, such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, generated by excrement of the animal can be quickly and locally discharged, and the harmful gases are prevented from being diffused to an activity area of the animal or an interior of the animal room. In consideration of the local environment guarantee of a staff in the animal room, the application also proposes that an air outlet is arranged at a bottom of the ceiling supply air duct 12 above a staff operation area of the animal room, and the air outlet is connected with a ceiling supply air diffuser 13 to perform directional supply air to the staff operation area, so that the air environment guarantee problem of the area where the staff is located is solved.

[0080] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the ceiling supply air duct 12 is arranged in the upper ceiling of the animal room, a plurality of air outlets are arranged at a bottom of the ceiling supply air duct 12, the air outlets above the animal cage 1 are connected with the corresponding supply air jet 2 air inlets through the air inlet flexible pipe 8, and the air outlets above the staff operation area of the animal room are connected with the ceiling supply air diffuser 13. The side wall discharge air outlet 14 is connected with the exhaust passage. The ceiling supply air duct 12 and the side wall discharge air outlet 14 are provided with adjusting valves for independent air volume adjustment.

[0081] On the basis of the above structure design, the effect verification of the ventilation device and the ventilation system of the animal room cage is performed.

[0082] A numerical calculation model is established according to actual conditions, and experimental pigs are taken as research objects. The size of the experimental pig animal room is 6.0 m*3.0 m*3.0 m, the size of the pig cage is 0.8 m*1.2 m*1.0 m, the height of the manure groove is 0.8 m, and the distance from the bottom of the manure groove to the ground is 0.5 m. The size of the ceiling diffuser of the animal room is 0.3 m*0.2 m, and the size of the side wall discharge air outlet is 0.4 m*0.2 m. The supply air effects of different supply air conditions in winter and summer are compared and analyzed. The air exchange frequency in the room is 15 times / h in winter and summer, the supply air temperature is 22℃ in summer, the supply air temperature is 25℃ in winter, the wall heat flux density of the room is-20 W / m 2 and 20 W / m 2 in winter and summer respectively. The experimental pig has one head in the pig cage, and the pig size corresponding to the weight of 20 kg is modeled according to the weight, and the simplified size is 0.6 m*0.2 m*0.3 m (length* width*height). The surface area of the pig body is 0.48 m 2 , and the surface temperature is 34℃. The ammonia gas is set to be emitted from the bottom plate of the pig cage, and the emission amount is 6 g / (head*d).

[0083] The airflow organization and indoor pollutant removal effect of the application are simulated and calculated using ANSYS Fluent 2022R1 software. Due to the turbulent characteristics of the ventilated room, the verified SST k - ω turbulence model is used for numerical calculation, and the multi-substance transport model is used for simulation of NH3 diffusion in the calculation domain. The finite volume method (FVM) is used to discretize the control equation, the second-order upwind scheme is used for the convection term, and the SIMPLE algorithm is used for solving the discrete equation. When the residuals of the continuity equation, momentum equation and turbulence equation are all less than 10 -3 , and the residuals of the energy equation and the component transport equation are less than 10 -6 , it is considered that the control equation converges. At a height of Z=2.3m from the ground, local measurement is performed to obtain the summer velocity cloud map as shown in Figure 9 (a), the summer temperature cloud map as shown in Figure 9 (b), the winter velocity cloud map as shown in Figure 9 (c), and the winter temperature cloud map as shown in Figure 9 (d).

[0084] At a height of Z=2.3m from the ground, ammonia concentration measurement is performed to obtain the summer ammonia concentration distribution cloud map as shown in Figure 10 (a), and the winter ammonia concentration distribution cloud map as shown in Figure 10 (b).

[0085] The airflow organization and pollutant removal effect of the experimental pig animal house under the ventilation mode of the application and the traditional mixed ventilation mode of up-sending and down-exhausting are compared, and the air supply amount and air supply temperature of the two ventilation modes are the same. Under the mixed ventilation mode of up-sending and down-exhausting, the air supply speed of the ceiling diffuser is 2.5 m / s. Under the ventilation mode of the application, the air supply speed of the ceiling diffuser is 2.4 m / s, and the air inlet pipe speed of the attached jet is 3.5 m / s. The velocity, temperature and ammonia concentration distribution in the animal house under the traditional mixed ventilation mode of up-sending and down-exhausting are further simulated. At a height of Z=2.3m from the ground, local measurement is performed on the ventilation mode of the application to obtain the summer ammonia concentration distribution cloud map as shown in Figure 11 (a) and the winter ammonia concentration distribution cloud map as shown in Figure 11 (c), and local measurement is performed on the traditional mixed ventilation mode of up-sending and down-exhausting to obtain the summer ammonia concentration distribution cloud map as shown in Figure 11 (b) and the winter ammonia concentration distribution cloud map as shown in Figure 11 (d).

[0086] As shown in Figure 12 (a), 3 monitoring points are taken in the respiratory area of each pig cage, and a total of 12 monitoring points are used for pollutant concentration comparison. As shown in Figure 12 (c) andFigure 12 (d) the curve shown, Figure 12 (c) is the comparison of ammonia concentration of each monitoring point under different summer air supply modes, Figure 12 (d) is the comparison of ammonia concentration of each monitoring point under different winter air supply modes, it is found that the air supply mode of the present application has lower concentration in different seasons.

[0087] In order to illustrate the animal house environment regulation effect of different ventilation modes, the respiratory zone pollutant removal efficiency is used for evaluation.

[0088] The respiratory zone pollutant removal efficiency CRE is also called regional air distribution efficiency, which is the ratio of the pollutant concentration change between the air inlet and the air outlet to the pollutant concentration change between the air inlet and the respiratory zone, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, C e Cout is the pollutant concentration of the air outlet, ppm; C s Cin is the pollutant concentration of the air inlet, ppm; C b Cr is the pollutant concentration of the respiratory zone, ppm.

[0091] Through analysis, the animal house cage ventilation device and ventilation system proposed by the present application have good air supply effect in winter and summer. For example, Figure 12 (b) shown, under the same air supply amount, the pollutant removal efficiency of the ventilation system of the present application is increased by 47% in summer and 50% in winter compared with the traditional mixed ventilation, and the wind speed field near the experimental pig is more uniform and the temperature field is more stable, indicating that the animal house cage ventilation device of the present application has good ventilation effect, high pollutant removal efficiency and improves the respiratory air quality of the experimental pig.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not to limit it, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: the specific embodiments of the present application can be modified or replaced, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, any modification or equivalent replacement, which should be covered in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A ventilation device for animal cages, characterized in that, The animal cage (1) is provided with a blow-off jet (2) connected to the side of the animal cage (1), an upper foldable metal plate (301) and a lower foldable metal plate (302). The blow-off jet (2) is a hollow box, and the hollow box is provided with a first horizontal hole plate (203) and a second horizontal hole plate (204), and the hollow box is divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity. The upper cavity is connected with an air inlet hose (8) on the side, and the upper side of the upper cavity is connected with the upper foldable metal plate (301), and the lower side of the lower cavity is connected with the lower foldable metal plate (302). A vertical hole plate (202) is arranged in the upper cavity near the air inlet, and the upper cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity. An air outlet hose (10) is connected to the side of the lower manure tank of the animal cage (1). The inner side of the lower cavity near the animal is provided with an air outlet hole plate (205) with a plurality of holes. The blow-off jet (2) is connected to the side wall of the animal cage (1) through a sliding mechanism.

2. The ventilation device for an animal cage according to claim 1, wherein The side of the upper cavity is connected with an air inlet short pipe (201), and the air inlet short pipe (201) is provided with an air volume adjusting valve (7), and the air inlet short pipe (201) and the air inlet hose (8) are communicated.

3. The ventilation device for an animal cage according to claim 1, wherein An air outlet short pipe (9) is connected to the side of the lower manure tank of the animal cage (1), and the air outlet short pipe (9) is communicated with an air exhaust passage through the air outlet hose (10), and the air exhaust passage is provided with a check valve (11).

4. The ventilating device for animal cages according to claim 1, wherein The sliding mechanism comprises a gear (5) and a sliding groove (4); the gear (5) is nested in the sliding groove (4), the sliding groove (4) is connected to the side wall of the blow-off jet (2), and the gear (5) is connected with a start-stop component (6) for controlling the rotation of the gear (5); Under the rotation of the gear (5), the sliding groove (4) does vertical displacement, driving the blow-off jet (2) to displace.

5. The ventilating device for animal cages according to claim 1, wherein The hole diameter of the holes on the air inlet side of the first horizontal hole plate (203) and the second horizontal hole plate (204) is larger than the hole diameter of the holes at the rear end.

6. The ventilating device for animal cages according to claim 1, wherein The second horizontal hole plate (204) is located at the middle position of the blow-off jet (2).

7. The ventilating device for animal cages according to claim 1, wherein The air outlet speed of the air outlet hole plate (205) is 0-0.2 m / s.

8. The ventilation method of the ventilation device of the animal room cage according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by, The blow-off jet (2) is adjusted to the adaptive position through the sliding mechanism; The air flow enters the first cavity through the air inlet hose (8) first, and after being blocked by the vertical hole plate (202), part of the air flow directly enters the middle cavity, and the other part of the air flow enters the second cavity, and then enters the middle cavity through the first horizontal hole plate (203); The air flow in the middle cavity is jetted into the lower cavity through the second horizontal hole plate (204); The air flow in the lower cavity enters the animal cage (1) through the air outlet hole plate (205).

9. A ventilation system, characterized in that The ventilation system comprises a ceiling air supply duct (12), a ceiling air supply diffuser (13) and a side wall air outlet (14), and a plurality of animal house cage ventilation devices according to any one of claims 1-7; The ceiling air supply diffuser (13) is installed below the ceiling air supply duct (12); The ceiling air supply duct (12) is arranged in the ceiling of the room, and the bottom of the ceiling air supply duct (12) is provided with a plurality of air outlets above the animal cage, and the air outlets are communicated with the corresponding blow-off jets (2) through air inlet hoses (8); the side wall air outlet (14) is communicated with the air exhaust passage; The sliding mechanism comprises a gear (5) and a sliding groove (4); the gear (5) is nested in the sliding groove (4), the sliding groove (4) is connected to the side wall of the blow-off jet (2), and the gear (5) is connected with a start-stop component (6) for controlling the rotation of the gear (5); Under the rotation of the gear (5), the sliding groove (4) does vertical displacement, driving the blow-off jet (2) to displace. The air outlet at the bottom of the suspended air supply duct (12) and the side wall air outlet (14) are provided with regulating valves for independent air volume adjustment.

10. Ventilation method based on the ventilation system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The treated air supply flow is sent to the suspended air supply duct (12), and then to each air supply jet (2) and the suspended air supply diffuser (13) through the air inlet hose (8). The contaminated air in the animal house is discharged into the exhaust duct through the exhaust hose (10) of the animal house cage ventilation device and the side wall air outlet (14). The method comprises the following steps: The treated air supply flow is sent to the suspended air supply duct (12), and then to each air supply jet (2) and the suspended air supply diffuser (13) through the air inlet hose (8). The contaminated air in the animal house is discharged into the exhaust duct through the exhaust hose (10) of the animal house cage ventilation device and the side wall air outlet (14).

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