Water inlet and outlet structure of vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater and electric water heater

Abstract

A water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater comprises a flow guide assembly matched with an external water inlet pipe, the flow guide assembly comprises a flow guide box, the flow guide box comprises a slow flow cavity, cold water discharged from a water outlet of the water inlet pipe is discharged through the slow flow cavity, and the flow guide box further comprises an overflowing cavity communicated with the slow flow cavity. A movable part is arranged between the overflowing cavity and the slow flow cavity, and the movable part acts under the action of gravity so that the overflowing cavity and the slow flow cavity can be communicated or separated. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is reasonable, water flow distribution is facilitated, the water flow reversing and buffering effects are good, disturbance to upper-layer water is small, so that water temperature supply is stable, the material cost is low, the safety coefficient is high, structural transformation autonomy is high, and a vertical and horizontal dual-purpose installation mode can be rapidly adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric water heaters, and in particular to a water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater and the electric water heater. Background Art

[0002] The electric water heaters currently on the market can be divided into the following categories according to the installation method: 1. Vertical electric water heaters (vertical installation); 2. Horizontal electric water heaters (horizontal installation); 3. Vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heaters (both are taken into account). Conventional vertical electric water heaters or horizontal electric water heaters have their water inlet pipes, outlet pipes, heating pipes, etc. fixed in place when they leave the factory, so they cannot be adjusted according to the actual situation of the applicable scenario. If they are not installed in the prescribed manner, it will lead to a series of problems such as unstable hot water temperature, insufficient water volume causing dry burning of the heating pipe, and inability to match components, which may even be serious enough to endanger user safety. The vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heaters in the above categories are deeply loved by users because of their flexible installation (the failure rate caused by improper installation is reduced, and the matching degree of component installation is high) and strong scene adaptability.

[0003] However, among the existing vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater products, when deciding to adopt a vertical or horizontal installation method, there are few that can adjust the structure accordingly as the installation method is switched to adapt to the water inlet and outlet conditions in the inner tank to ensure stable water temperature supply, simple and convenient structure, etc.

[0004] For example, a Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN213514441U, entitled "A vertical and horizontal dual-purpose water inlet structure and a water heater including the structure", discloses: a water inlet pipe 1 provided with a water inlet hole 11, the water inlet hole 11 is axially arranged on the water inlet pipe 1, the water inlet structure also includes a flow diversion mechanism assembled with the water inlet pipe 1, the flow diversion mechanism includes a container 2 with an open end, the internal space of the container 2 is divided into a vertical dedicated flow diversion cavity 23 and a horizontal dedicated flow diversion cavity 24 by a sleeve 21 for assembling the water inlet pipe 1 and a partition plate on the outer wall of the sleeve 21, the open end of the container is sealed by a cover 26, a through hole for plugging the water inlet pipe 1 is opened on the cover 26 corresponding to the sleeve 21, and a drainage hole 27 is opened on the cover 26 corresponding to the horizontal dedicated flow diversion cavity 24; flow diversion holes 22 are respectively opened on the wall of the sleeve 21 at the corresponding vertical and horizontal dedicated flow diversion cavities. When the sleeve 21 is assembled with the water inlet pipe 1, the vertical or horizontal dedicated flow guide cavity is connected to the water inlet hole 11 of the water inlet pipe 1 through the corresponding flow guide hole 22. When the water heater is installed vertically, the water inlet pipe is rotated so that the water inlet hole of the water inlet pipe corresponds to the flow guide hole of the sleeve at the vertical dedicated flow guide cavity and is connected; when the water heater is installed horizontally, the water inlet pipe is rotated so that the water inlet hole of the water inlet pipe corresponds to the flow guide hole of the sleeve at the horizontal dedicated flow guide cavity and is connected. Although the technical solution described in the utility model also adjusts the structure to adapt to different vertical and horizontal installation methods by rotating the water inlet pipe, the diverted water flow is directly discharged from the drainage hole 27 provided at the horizontal dedicated flow guide cavity 24, and the buffering and dispersion effect is reduced by the stroke, and the structure cannot be adjusted by gravity, and can only be achieved by rotating the water inlet pipe through external force, and the structural adjustment initiative is poor. Alternatively, the Chinese utility model with the authorization announcement number CN203432084U and titled "A water inlet assembly of an electric water heater with super high hot water output rate" discloses: comprising a water inlet pipe 1, the bottom of the water inlet pipe 1 has a connecting device 11, the upper part has a plurality of radial water outlet holes 12, the top of the water inlet pipe 1 is closed and made of plastic material; also comprising a plastic cover 2 made of plastic material, the plastic cover 2 includes a top plate 21, a guide plate 22, a buffer plate 23, a cylinder 24 and a connecting seat 25 located on the top plate, the top of the water inlet pipe 1 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 25; the plastic jacket 2 is made of one piece. The upper ends of the guide plate 22 and the buffer plate 23 are connected to the top plate 21, and the guide plate 22 and the buffer plate 23 are evenly distributed in a circular shape on the top plate 21. The technical solution described in the utility model does not have a water inlet structure that is adjusted accordingly to adapt to vertical and horizontal installation methods, and cannot ensure a stable water temperature supply for the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater. In addition, the plastic outer cover 2 needs to be installed in conjunction with the water inlet pipe 1, which has a large number of parts, increased material costs, and a poor reversing buffering effect on the water flow.Alternatively, the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN211903279U, entitled "An electric water heater with water outlet power-off function", discloses: including an inner tank 1, an electric heating element 2, an electric heating element base plate 3, a water inlet interface pipe 4 arranged on the inner tank, a cold water inlet pipe 5, a hot water outlet pipe 6 and a main control board (not shown in the figure). It also includes a water flow sensor 7 and an annular sealing gasket 8. The water flow sensor 7 includes a base 71, an impeller 72 with a magnet and a Hall sensor 73. The base 71 includes a water inlet interface 711, an impeller cavity 712 and a water outlet interface 713. The impeller 72 is pivotally connected in the impeller cavity 712. The Hall sensor 73 cooperates with the magnet. The Hall sensor 73 is connected to the main control board. The water outlet interface 713 is provided with an internal thread. The water inlet interface pipe 4 is provided with an external thread. The cold water inlet pipe 5 is made of plastic material. The water inlet end of the cold water inlet pipe 5 is provided with an annular seat plate 51. The annular sealing gasket 8 is arranged in the water outlet interface 713 of the base 71. The cold water inlet pipe 5 is inserted into the water outlet interface 713. The annular seat plate 51 presses the annular sealing gasket 8. The cold water inlet pipe 5 passes through the water inlet interface pipe 4 and extends into the inner tank 1. The external thread of the water inlet interface pipe 4 is screwed with the internal thread of the water outlet interface 713. The lower end of the water inlet interface pipe 4 presses the annular seat plate 51. The upper end of the cold water inlet pipe 5 is closed, and two evenly distributed hooks 52 are provided on the top plate; a plurality of radial water outlet holes 53 are provided on the upper part of the cold water inlet pipe 5; it also includes a slow-flow and flow-stabilizing cap 9 with a lower opening, and a connecting seat 91 is provided on the top plate of the slow-flow and flow-stabilizing cap 9. The connecting seat 91 is hollow and has openings at both ends. The technical solution described in the utility model does not have a water inlet structure that is adjusted accordingly to adapt to vertical and horizontal installation methods, and cannot ensure a stable water temperature supply for the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heaters, and has a poor reversing buffering effect on the water flow. In addition, the water inlet interface pipe 4 on the inner tank also requires additional welding processing, and the operation process is complicated.

[0005] For another example, the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN203810732U, entitled A water shield structure for an electric water heater, discloses that the water shield is installed at the bottom of the inner tank of the electric water heater. Figure 1-6It can be known that the water shield of the electric water heater is provided on the water outlet of the water inlet pipe of the electric water heater, and the water shield includes a main body 10 and a convex cavity 11, the convex cavity 11 is connected with the main body 10 and is located above the right side of the main body 10; the convex cavity 11 is surrounded by a panel, a first steep wall 112, a second inclined wall 111, a third side wall 113, and a fourth side wall 114, and a water inlet pipe port 12 is provided on the panel; the main body includes an upper panel 101, front and rear side panels 102, and the left and right sides of the main body form a water flow guide port, and a plurality of rows of water shielding ribs 17 are provided at the right end of the main body, and the water shielding ribs are provided adjacent to the first steep wall 112; a water outlet pipe port 13 is provided on the upper panel of the main body, and a space 14 for avoiding the sewage pipe of the inner tank of the water heater is provided at the left end of the main body. The inclination range of the first steep wall is between 55-90, and the inclination range of the second inclined wall is between 20-50 days. The inclination of the third side wall and the fourth side wall is greater than that of the second inclined wall and less than that of the first steep wall. In this way, a convex cavity 11 with a gradually increasing cross-section from top to bottom is formed. The cold water from the water inlet pipe flows downward from the convex cavity 11, and its flow rate will decrease slightly. Since the water inlet pipe is closer to the right side of the inner tank and the sewage pipe is closer to the left side of the inner tank in the water heater, the shape of the first steep wall near the water inlet side is set to be steeper, and the side wall (second inclined wall) far from the water inlet side is relatively gentle, guiding more water to the sewage pipe and the water outlet pipe, so that the hot water is squeezed upward evenly as a whole. The technical solution described in the utility model also does not have a water inlet structure that can be adjusted accordingly to adapt to vertical and horizontal installation methods. Although it can press down and block the cold water from turning up through the water shield, it cannot adapt to multiple installation methods, nor can it use the water flow stroke to change direction and reduce the flow rate (the cold water coming out of the water inlet pipe will be dispersed and rush to different directions when it goes down from the convex cavity 11, which will cause too much disturbance to the water layer, and it is also impossible to use the stroke of the water guide device to change direction and reduce the flow rate). In addition, the water inlet pipe must be inserted into the water shield, and the water inlet pipe material cannot be saved. Alternatively, the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN205102407U, entitled a guide assembly for an electric water heater and an electric water heater having the same, discloses: a guide assembly 100, including a guide plate 1 and a water inlet buffer cover 2. The guide plate 1 divides the space of the inner tank of the electric water heater into an upper space 11 and a lower space 12. The upper space 11 is located above the guide plate 1 and the lower space 12 is located below the guide plate 1. Cold water in the lower space 12 flows into the upper space 11 and is heated to hot water. The guide plate 1 is provided with a buffer cover assembly hole 13 and a water outlet guide channel 14 respectively connecting the upper space 11 and the lower space 12. The water inlet buffer cover 2 is installed in the buffer cover assembly hole 13. The water inlet buffer cover 2 is provided with a cover body water inlet 21 connected to the upper space 11 and a cover body water outlet 22 connected to the lower space 12.When the electric water heater is filled with water, cold water enters the water inlet buffer cover 2 from the cover body water inlet 21, then flows into the lower space 12 from the cover body water outlet 22, and finally flows into the upper space 11 through the water outlet diversion channel 14, thereby slowing down the water inlet speed of the electric water heater, reducing the disturbance of the cold water in the lower space 12 to the hot water in the upper space 11, so that the cold water in the lower space 12 can slowly push the hot water in the upper space 11 to flow out of the electric water heater. The technical solution described in the utility model does not have a water inlet structure that is adjusted accordingly to adapt to vertical and horizontal installation methods. Moreover, after the cold water enters the water inlet buffer cover 2 from the cover body water inlet 21, it flows into the lower space 12 from the cover body water outlet 22 and flows into the upper space 11 through the water outlet diversion channel 14. Because the cold water flowing into the lower space 12 from the cover body water outlet 22 will be dispersed in different directions, it is also impossible to use the stroke of the water guide device to change direction and reduce the flow rate, which greatly disturbs the water layer.

[0006] Finally, the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN215109260U and titled Energy Recovery Device for Water Heater discloses: comprising a shell and an impeller, the shell having a disc-shaped drainage chamber 1, the shell being provided with a water inlet 2 and a water outlet 3 connected to the drainage chamber 1, the impeller being rotatably mounted in the drainage chamber, the impeller comprising a turntable 4 and blades 5 circumferentially distributed on the outer circle of the turntable, the blades being mounted on the outer circle of the turntable in a manner rotatable along the circumference of the turntable, when the blades rotate with the turntable beyond the water inlet, the blades are impacted by the water flow and rotate and unfold, when the blades rotate with the turntable beyond the water outlet, the blades rotate and fold and stick to the outer circle of the turntable, a guide groove 6 is provided at the bottom of the blade, the guide groove extends from the blade head to the root, so that when the blade passes the water inlet in a folded state, the water flowing against the blade head in the water inlet can flow into the guide groove and exert a driving force on the bottom of the blade to unfold the blade. The impeller drives the external engine to generate electricity, which is used to recover the energy of the water flow in the water heater pipe. The technical solution described in this utility model uses the water flow to drive the impeller to rotate in the drainage chamber to expand or retract the blades, and drives the external engine to generate electricity through the rotation of the impeller, thereby achieving the purpose of energy recovery. Although there is movement of the blades, it is not used to adapt to the vertical or horizontal installation of the electric water heater. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a water inlet and outlet structure and an electric water heater with a reasonable structure that is conducive to water flow distribution, good water flow reversing and buffering effects, little disturbance to the upper water layer so that the water temperature supply is stable, low material cost, high safety factor, strong structural transformation autonomy, and can quickly adapt to vertical and horizontal dual-purpose installation methods.

[0008] The present invention mainly relates to the following technical solutions:

[0009] A vertical and horizontal dual-purpose water heater inlet and outlet structure, including a diversion component that cooperates with an externally connected water inlet pipe. The diversion component includes a diversion box, the diversion box includes a slow flow chamber, and the cold water discharged from the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is discharged through the slow flow chamber. The diversion box further includes a flow-through chamber connected to the slow flow chamber, and an active part is provided between the flow-through chamber and the slow flow chamber. The active part acts under the action of gravity to connect or disconnect the flow-through chamber and the slow flow chamber.

[0010] Wherein, the diversion component further includes an impeller, and the impeller is located at a position corresponding to the orthographic projection of the water outlet in the slow flow chamber.

[0011] Wherein, the impeller is fixedly or rotatably arranged at the center of the slow flow chamber. The impeller includes a hollow wheel shaft and three-dimensional flow blades. The hollow wheel shaft is provided with evenly spaced steering holes on the shaft side wall at one end far from the water outlet. The root profile of the three-dimensional flow blades extends along the outer wall surface of the hollow wheel shaft in a cylindrical spiral shape. The tip profile of the three-dimensional flow blades is in an "ㄋ" shape, and the overall shape of the three-dimensional flow blades is an "h" shaped twisted surface that matches the steering holes.

[0012] Wherein, a drain port communicating with the slow flow chamber is opened on the diversion box, and the diversion component further includes a baffle extending outward along one side of the diversion box. The baffle is located above the drain port.

[0013] Wherein, the cross-section of the baffle is in the shape of "一", "⌒", "∩", "ㄇ", "︹" or "Ω".

[0014] Wherein, the diversion component further includes a flipping part, the flipping part is movably connected to the free end of the baffle, and the flipping part flips under the action of gravity to block or expose the direction facing the drain port.

[0015] Wherein, the longitudinal section of the flipping part is in an L shape.

[0016] Wherein, buffer sheets are arranged in the slow flow chamber at intervals layer by layer along the circumferential direction of the orthographic projection of the water outlet.

[0017] Wherein, the buffer sheets are provided with reinforcing ribs, and the cross-section of the buffer sheets is at least one of the shapes of "十", "T", "宀", "冖", "山" or "屮".

[0018] Wherein, the active part is rotatably installed in the diversion box through a pin shaft.

[0019] Wherein, the longitudinal section of the active part is in the shape of "b" or type.

[0020] The movable part is slidably and tiltably installed in the guide box, and the guide box is also provided with a bar hole for the movable part to extend out.

[0021] Wherein, the water inlet pipe is connected to the slow flow chamber, and the flow chamber is also provided with dispersed holes distributed in an array, and the dispersed holes are opened on the same side or the opposite side of the side where the water inlet pipe is connected to the slow flow chamber.

[0022] Wherein, the flow guide component also includes a water inlet sleeve, and the water inlet pipe is connected to the slow flow chamber through the water inlet sleeve.

[0023] Wherein, the water inlet sleeve extends outward from the bottom wall of the guide box, and the bottom wall of the guide box is also provided with water inlet ribs surrounding the water inlet sleeve.

[0024] Among them, it also includes a water outlet pipe, and the guide box is also provided with a clearance gap for the water outlet pipe to pass through, and the cross-section of the clearance gap is at least one of an "O" shape, a "U" shape or a "︶" shape.

[0025] Among them, the guide component also includes a water outlet sleeve, which extends outward from the bottom edge of the clearance gap, and the water outlet pipe is inserted into the water outlet sleeve. Water outlet ribs surrounding the water outlet sleeve are also provided around the bottom edge of the clearance gap.

[0026] The water outlet pipe is at least partially bent and extended, and the water inlet of the water outlet pipe is located at the highest starting point of a vertical line drawn along the water outlet pipe.

[0027] Wherein, the guide box includes a top cover and a bottom plate which are interlocked, the top cover includes a top plate and a side wall extending downward along the edge of the top plate, and the side wall is provided with a diversion gap at a position corresponding to the clearance gap.

[0028] An electric water heater uses the water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater.

[0029] Among them, it includes an inner liner with a through hole, and the guide component is fixed in the inner liner through the through hole.

[0030] According to the technical scheme described in the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved: the guide box is provided with a flow chamber connected to the slow-flow chamber, the flow chamber is used to lengthen the water flow stroke, and the flow chamber is used to limit the water flow from being dispersed and rushing in different directions to disturb the water layer, thereby better buffering and reducing the cold water flow rate and consuming the kinetic energy of the cold water; a movable part that acts under the action of gravity is provided between the flow chamber and the slow-flow chamber to connect or separate the two, so that the guide assembly can be switched to a structure that adapts to different vertical and horizontal installation methods through the action of gravity, without the need for additional human operation, and automatically The impeller has strong autonomy, reasonable and simple structure; the setting of the impeller further optimizes the buffering effect on cold water, and the cold water is made to spirally turn through the curve parameters of the blades to consume the impact force of the cold water. Moreover, the setting of the impeller can also optimize the dispersion and guide the diversion arrangement of the cold water, so as to divert the flow more evenly and reduce the impact force of the water flow; the baffle is used in conjunction with the drain outlet, which plays a role in pressing the water flow downward to prevent the upper water from being disturbed when lying down, and plays a blocking role in standing up to prevent the water from flowing too quickly to the hot water and affecting the stability of the water temperature supply; there is also a The L-shaped flip piece is arranged to further limit the water flow and press the water flow downward when lying down, and to cooperate with the blocking effect of the baffle plate to further press the water flow downward to prevent the upper hot water from being disturbed when standing up. Moreover, the flip piece also flips under the action of gravity, which is also a switching action with strong autonomy and does not require additional manual operation. The setting position of the dispersion holes in the flow chamber can reverse the water flow, further reduce the kinetic energy of the water flow, and play a better buffering role. The external water inlet pipe is connected with the water inlet shaft sleeve, which effectively saves the material consumption, and the setting of the water inlet shaft sleeve is also It can avoid welding the water inlet nozzle on the inner tank, and the production process is simplified; the setting of the water inlet ribs not only enhances the mechanical strength, but also better defines the position of the sealing gasket, thereby improving the leak-proof effect; the setting of the water outlet ribs around the water outlet shaft sleeve also further enhances the mechanical strength and better defines the position of the sealing gasket; the top cover and the bottom plate that are interlocked form a guide box, which makes it easier to clean and disassemble the guide box; the diversion notch corresponds to the clearance notch, and the cold water flowing out of the diversion notch can be further buffered through the water outlet pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diversion component of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of partial structural decomposition of the middle guide component.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the side structure of the middle guide assembly.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a top view of the exploded structure of the diversion component.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the exploded structure of the diversion component.

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the impeller structure.

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the impeller structure from top view.

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle impeller viewed from above.

[0039] Fig. 9 This is a comparison chart of the flow velocity distribution analysis results of the CFD simulation test of the impeller of the present application and the impeller of the prior art.

[0040] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric water heater using the water inlet and outlet structure of the present application.

[0041] Fig.11 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the water inlet and outlet structure of an embodiment of an electric water heater installed in a mid-lying position is shown in section AA.

[0042] Fig.12 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the water inlet and outlet structure of an embodiment of an electric water heater installed in a neutral position is shown in section AA.

[0043] Fig.13 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the water inlet and outlet structure of another embodiment of an electric water heater installed in a mid-lying position is shown in section AA.

[0044] Fig.14 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the water inlet and outlet structure of another embodiment is shown in the AA section of an electric water heater installed in a neutral position.

[0045] 1 guide assembly, 10 drain outlet, 11 guide box, 110 slow flow chamber, 1100 flow chamber, 111 buffer sheet, X movable part, 12 impeller, 121 hollow wheel shaft, K turning hole, 122 three-dimensional flow blade, 13 baffle, 14 flip part, m mounting seat, n holes, F dispersion hole, 2 water inlet sleeve, 21 water inlet rib, T water outlet pipe, O make way gap, 3 water outlet sleeve, 31 water outlet rib, 51 top cover, 52 bottom plate, 511 top plate, 512 side wall, Q diversion gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0047] See also Figure 2 ,4 As shown in 11-14, a water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal electric water heater includes a guide assembly 1 matched with an external water inlet pipe, the guide assembly 1 includes a guide box 11, the guide box 11 includes a slow flow chamber 110, the cold water discharged from the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is discharged through the slow flow chamber 110, the guide box 11 also includes a flow chamber 1100 connected to the slow flow chamber 110, a movable part X is provided between the flow chamber 1100 and the slow flow chamber 110, the movable part X moves under the action of gravity to connect or separate the flow chamber 1100 and the slow flow chamber 110. In the present application, the water outlet of the external water inlet pipe can be directly connected to the slow flow chamber 110 or not. In the former case, the water inlet pipe can be connected to the slow flow chamber 110 along the axial direction of the slow flow chamber 110 (therefore, when the water inlet pipe is a round pipe, the orthographic projection of the water outlet of the water inlet pipe can be circular), or the water inlet pipe can also deviate from the axial direction of the slow flow chamber 110 and be connected to the slow flow chamber 110 obliquely (therefore, when the water inlet pipe is a round pipe, the orthographic projection of the water outlet of the water inlet pipe can be elliptical); in the latter case, the material for extending the water inlet pipe into the slow flow chamber 110 can be saved, thereby reducing material costs and providing conditions for avoiding the need to weld a water inlet pipe nozzle separately on the inner tank. In the present application, the guide box is provided with a flow chamber connected to the slow flow chamber, the flow chamber is used to lengthen the water flow range, and the flow chamber is used to limit the water flow from being dispersed in different directions to disturb the water layer, so as to better buffer and reduce the cold water flow rate and consume the kinetic energy of the cold water; a movable part that acts under the action of gravity is provided between the flow chamber and the slow flow chamber to connect or separate the two, so that the guide assembly can be switched to a structure that adapts to different vertical and horizontal installation methods through the action of gravity, without the need for additional human operation, with strong autonomy, and a reasonable and simple structure.

[0048] See also Figure 2 , 4 , 5-8, the flow guide assembly 1 also includes an impeller 12, and the impeller 12 is located in the slow flow chamber 110 at a position corresponding to the positive projection of the water outlet. In the present application, the setting of the impeller makes the outlet surface of the cold water more uniform and wider, further optimizing the buffering effect of the cold water, thereby more evenly diverting and reducing the impact of the water flow, and the water flow is more uniform and gentle, thereby providing a more stable water temperature supply.

[0049] See also Figure 2 , 4As shown in , 5-8, the impeller 12 is fixedly or rotatably arranged at the center of the slow flow chamber 110, and the impeller 12 includes a hollow wheel shaft 121 and a three-dimensional flow blade 122. The hollow wheel shaft 121 is provided with evenly spaced turning holes K on the shaft side wall at one end away from the water outlet. The blade root profile of the three-dimensional flow blade 122 extends in a cylindrical spiral along the outer wall of the hollow wheel shaft 121, and the blade tip profile of the three-dimensional flow blade 122 is "ㄋ"-shaped. The three-dimensional flow blade 122 as a whole is an "h"-shaped twist surface that matches the turning hole K. Preferably, the spatial curved surface morphology of the three-dimensional flow blade 122 conforms to the following twist surface parameter equation:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, x, y, z represent spatial coordinates, a, b, c, d are the four non-coplanar points that constitute the twisted surface abcd, x a 、x b 、x c 、x d ,y a ,y b ,y c ,y d 、z a 、z b 、z c 、z d are the coordinate positions of four non-coplanar points a, b, c, and d in the spatial coordinate system xyz, and x a ≠x b ,y a ≠y b 、x c ≠x d ,y c ≠y dThe straight lines ab and cd defining the torsion surface abcd are not perpendicular to the axis of the hollow impeller, v is the parameter of the length direction of the straight line in the torsion surface abcd and 1.09≤v≤2.69, t is the vector parameter and 0≤t≤1. In the present application, a larger amount of cold water is allowed to pass through the impeller into the slow flow cavity by setting the hollow wheel shaft, which has strong fluidity and effectively improves the work efficiency. Moreover, the hollow wheel shaft is provided with evenly spaced turning holes on the shaft wall away from the end of the water outlet, which has a larger diversion amount and a more significant uniform diversion effect, so that the incoming cold water is evenly and quickly transferred to the buffer sheet for the next buffering. In the present application, a three-dimensional flow blade extending along the spatial form of the torsion surface is used to achieve an optimized design of the cold water flow channel, so that the cold water can be freely expanded and compressed at the inlet and outlet of the blade, thereby dissipating the kinetic energy of the cold water more quickly, the buffering effect is more significant, and the energy consumption of cold water reversing is lower. The impeller in the present application adopts a three-dimensional flow blade extending along the spatial form of the torsion surface, which can better adapt to the movement of the fluid and is more conducive to dispersing, buffering and reversing the water flow. Moreover, the three-dimensional flow blade extending along the spatial form of the torsion surface adopts an "h" shape that matches the turning hole, and the position of the notch is also more convenient for cold water to be discharged from the turning hole without interfering with the blade and then causing turbulence. Therefore, it is also more conducive to the discharge and reversing of cold water, and can effectively meet the demand for large cold water discharge. Compared with conventional impellers, the impeller in the present application has more obvious effects of uniform diversion, buffering and low reversing energy consumption. In the present application, the spatial curved surface of the three-dimensional flow blade conforms to the torsion surface parameter equation, and the straight lines ab and cd of the torsion surface abcd are not perpendicular to the axis of the hollow impeller (x a ≠x b ,y a ≠y b 、x c ≠x d ,y c ≠y d ), this structural design enables the cold water to enter the impeller from the outlet of the water inlet pipe (for example, the cold water enters the impeller vertically) and can be more quickly changed to a direction suitable for being buffered by the buffer sheet (for example, the cold water direction is changed to a horizontal impact buffer sheet), and the cold water spirally turns along the three-dimensional flow blades in the torsion surface space form, and the impact force of the cold water is quickly consumed, and the energy consumption of the reversal is lower. Moreover, the torsion surface space form design of the impeller also optimizes the dispersion of the cold water and guides the diversion arrangement, and the buffering effect is qualitatively improved. For details, please see the attached Fig. 9Preferably, in the present application, the flow angle β of the cold water at the blade outlet is not less than 15°, more preferably, the flow angle β of the cold water at the blade outlet is not greater than 8.9°, and the radial component of the flow velocity of the cold water at the blade outlet is not less than 0.21 m / s. In the present application, the impeller 12 can be integrally formed with the guide box 11, or the impeller 12 can also be fixed by limiting mechanisms respectively arranged on the guide box 11 and the impeller 12, for example, a limit block, a limit groove (or the position is swapped). In a more optimized embodiment, the action of the limiting mechanism can be used to switch the impeller 12 between a fixed state and a rotatable state relative to the slow flow chamber 110. In the most optimized embodiment, a limit block strip that is arranged on the guide box 11 and swings under the influence of gravity can be used in conjunction with a limit groove (for example, one of the turning holes can be used as a limit groove) arranged on the impeller 12. When the limit block strip falls into the limit groove under the action of gravity, the impeller 12 is fixed relative to the slow flow chamber 110; when the limit block strip leaves the limit groove under the action of gravity, the impeller 12 is rotatable relative to the slow flow chamber 110.

[0052] See also Figure 3 , 11 -14, a drain port 10 connected to the slow flow chamber 110 is provided on the guide box 11, and the guide assembly 1 also includes a baffle 13 extending outwardly along one side of the guide box 11, and the baffle 13 is located above the drain port 10. In the present application, the baffle is used in conjunction with the drain port, and when lying down, it plays a role in pressing the water flow downward to prevent the upper hot water from being disturbed, and when standing up, it plays a blocking role to prevent the water flow from flowing too quickly to the hot water and affecting the stability of the water temperature supply. In the present application, the cold water discharged from the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is at least partially discharged from the drain port through the slow flow chamber. Preferably, the baffle 13 is located on the side of the guide box 11 opposite to the flow chamber 1100.

[0053] See also Figure 1-5 As shown, the cross section of the baffle 13 is in the shape of "I", "⌒", "∩", "ㄇ", "︹" or "Ω". This structural design limits the flow direction of cold water to a certain extent, presses down or blocks the cold water, thereby avoiding disturbing the hot water too quickly.

[0054] See also Figure 1-5 As shown in FIGS. 11-14, the flow guide assembly 1 further includes a flip member 14, which is movably connected to the free end of the baffle plate 13. The flip member 14 flips under the action of gravity to cover or reveal the direction facing the drain outlet 10. Preferably, the flip member 14 is movably connected to the free end of the baffle plate 13 via a pin. In the present application, the direction of the cold water can be further restricted by setting the flip member, thereby further reducing the speed of disturbing the hot water layer.

[0055] See also Figure 1-3 As shown in FIGS. 11 - 14, the longitudinal section of the flipping member 14 is L-shaped. Preferably, in the present application, the flipping member 14 is a bent plate. One side wall of the plate at one end of the bent plate is used to block or expose the direction facing the drain opening 10, and the other side wall of the plate at the other end of the bent plate is used to press down the cold water discharged from the drain opening 10. Therefore, the flipping member 14 further restricts and presses down the water flow when the electric water heater is in the lying position, and when the electric water heater is in the standing position, it cooperates with the blocking effect of the flow blocking plate 13 to further block and press down the water flow to prevent the disturbance of the upper layer of hot water. Moreover, the flipping member 14 also flips under the action of gravity, which is also a switching action with strong autonomy and does not require additional manual operation.

[0056] See Figure 2 、 4 As shown in FIGS. 11 - 14, buffer sheets 111 are provided in the slow flow cavity 110, and the buffer sheets 111 are arranged at intervals layer by layer along the circumferential direction of the orthographic projection of the water outlet. Preferably, adjacent two layers of buffer sheets 111 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that when the cold water flows radially outward along the slow flow cavity 110, it can better play the roles of shunting, blocking, and guiding, and the effect of buffering the water flow is more significant. This structural design is beneficial to form a turbulent water outflow in the slow flow cavity, can consume the kinetic energy of the water flow faster, thereby playing a better buffering role and reducing the disturbance to the hot water layer as much as possible.

[0057] See Figure 2 、 4 As shown in FIGS., the buffer sheet 111 is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the cross-section of the buffer sheet 111 is at least one of a "十" shape, a "T" shape, a "宀" shape, a "冖" shape, a "山" shape, or a "屮" shape. In the present application, setting reinforcing ribs on the buffer sheet can, on the one hand, improve the mechanical strength, and on the other hand, can cut the water flow, playing a better role in dispersing, guiding, and reducing the impact force of the water flow.

[0058] See Figure 2 、 4 As shown in FIGS. 11, 12, the movable member X is rotatably installed in the diversion box 11 through a pin shaft. Preferably, the movable member X is rotatably installed in the diversion box 11 through a pin shaft passing through the mounting seat m, and the mounting seat m can be integrally formed with the diversion box 11.

[0059] See Figure 2 、 4 As shown in FIGS. 11, 12, the longitudinal section of the movable member X is in a "b" shape or shape. This structural design increases the volume and weight of one end of the movable member, and the movable member is more likely to flip under the action of gravity.

[0060] See Fig.13 、 14As shown, in another embodiment, the movable part X can be slidably and obliquely installed in the guide box 11, and the guide box 11 is also provided with a bar hole n for the movable part X to extend out. In another embodiment of the present application, the movable part X can also be arranged obliquely so as to slide under the action of gravity. Preferably, the longitudinal cross-section of the movable part X is in a " / " shape or a "'" shape. More preferably, in this embodiment, the movable part X slides through a slide rail provided on the guide box 11. More preferably, in order to make the effect of gravity more obvious, a counterweight can be added, for example, by increasing the weight or volume of one side of the movable part X. The volume or weight of one end of the movable part X is increased, which makes it easier for gravity to work on the one hand, and on the other hand, the increased volume can be used to limit the position to prevent it from sliding out of the bar hole n.

[0061] See also Figure 2-5 As shown, the water inlet pipe is connected to the slow flow chamber 110, and the flow chamber 1100 is also provided with dispersion holes F distributed in an array, and the dispersion holes F are opened on the same side or the opposite side of the side where the water inlet pipe is connected to the slow flow chamber 110. Preferably, the dispersion holes F are opened on the same side of the side where the water inlet pipe is connected to the slow flow chamber 110. In the present application, the position setting of the dispersion holes can redirect the water flow in the flow chamber again to further consume the kinetic energy of the water flow, play a further buffering role, and the dispersion holes are distributed in an array to evenly discharge water. Preferably, the direction of the dispersion holes F is parallel to the axial direction of the water inlet pipe.

[0062] See also Figure 1-3 As shown in , 5, 10-14, the flow guide assembly 1 also includes a water inlet sleeve 2, and the water inlet pipe is connected to the slow flow chamber 110 through the water inlet sleeve 2. This structural design provides conditions for the water inlet sleeve to extend out of the inner liner, thereby avoiding welding the water inlet nozzle on the inner liner and simplifying the production process. Preferably, the outer peripheral wall of the water inlet sleeve 2 is provided with an external thread, so that after the sealing gasket is installed tightly against the inner wall and outer wall of the inner liner, it is matched with the locking nut with an internal thread, and the installation of the sealing gasket can prevent the enamel of the inner liner from being damaged.

[0063] See also Figure 3 , 5 As shown in 11-14, the water inlet sleeve 2 extends outward from the bottom wall of the guide box 11, and the bottom wall of the guide box 11 is also provided with a water inlet rib 21 surrounding the water inlet sleeve 2. Preferably, the water inlet rib 21 is arranged in an annular shape, which can not only limit the sealing gasket, but also improve the mechanical strength of the structure through the water inlet rib 21.

[0064] See also Figure 1 , 2 , 4, 5, 11-14, it also includes a water outlet pipe T, and the guide box 11 is also provided with a clearance gap O for the water outlet pipe T to pass through, and the cross-section of the clearance gap O is at least one of an "O" shape, a "U" shape or a "︶" shape.

[0065] See also Figure 1-3 As shown in , 5, 10-14, the guide assembly 1 also includes a water outlet sleeve 3, which extends outward from the bottom edge of the clearance gap O, and the water outlet pipe T is inserted into the water outlet sleeve 3. The bottom edge of the clearance gap O is also provided with a water outlet rib 31 surrounding the water outlet sleeve 3. This structural design provides conditions for the water outlet sleeve to extend out of the inner liner, thereby avoiding welding the water outlet nozzle on the inner liner, simplifying the production process. Preferably, the outer peripheral wall of the water outlet sleeve 3 is provided with an external thread, so that after the sealing gasket is fitted on the inner wall and outer wall of the inner liner, it is matched with the locking nut with an internal thread, and the fitting of the sealing gasket can prevent the enamel of the inner liner from being clamped. Preferably, the water outlet pipe T is provided with an external flange to be clamped on the free end of the water outlet sleeve 3. Preferably, the water outlet rib 31 is arranged in an annular shape, which can not only limit the sealing gasket, but also improve the mechanical strength of the structure through the water outlet rib 31.

[0066] See also Figure 11-14 As shown, the water outlet pipe T is at least partially bent and extended, and the water inlet of the water outlet pipe T is located at the highest starting point of the vertical line drawn along the water outlet pipe T. This structural design can ensure that whether the electric water heater is in an upright position or a lying position, the water inlet of the water outlet pipe can be located at the upper end of the inner tank cavity, so that the hot water in the upper layer can be continuously supplied to the outside.

[0067] See also Figure 2 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, the flow guide box 11 includes a top cover 51 and a bottom plate 52 that are interlocked. The top cover 51 includes a top plate 511 and a side wall 512 extending downward along the edge of the top plate 511. The side wall 512 is provided with a diversion gap Q at a position corresponding to the clearance gap O. Preferably, the top cover 51 and the bottom plate 52 are interlocked by buckles. In the present application, the water flow discharged from the diversion gap hits the outlet pipe, further playing a role of buffering and deceleration. Preferably, the cross section of the clearance gap O on the bottom plate 52 is "O"-shaped, and the cross section of the clearance gap O on the top cover 51 is "U"-shaped or "︶"-shaped, and a steep step-like structure is formed between the bottom plate 52 and the top cover 51 (instead of using an inclined slope between the bottom plate 52 and the top cover 51, that is, the side wall of the top cover 51 is not inclined), so that the cold water flowing out of the diversion gap Q can rush directly to the outlet pipe T, so that the buffering effect on the water flow is stronger.

[0068] See also Fig.10 As shown, an electric water heater uses the above-mentioned vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater water inlet and outlet structure.

[0069] See also Figure 10-14As shown, it includes an inner tank with a through hole, and the guide assembly 1 is fixed in the inner tank through the through hole. In the present application, the sealing gasket is arranged at the through hole and is respectively close to the inner wall and the outer wall of the inner tank, and the water inlet shaft sleeve 2 and the water outlet shaft sleeve 3 extend from the through hole respectively, which not only avoids welding the water inlet nozzle and the water outlet nozzle, but also can cooperate with the locking nut to fix the guide assembly 1. Preferably, in the present application, the through hole is designed as a countersunk hole to hide part of the structure of the sealing gasket and / or the locking nut.

[0070] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art may modify them without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal electric water heater, comprising a flow guide assembly matched with an external water inlet pipe, the flow guide assembly comprising a flow guide box, the flow guide box comprising a slow flow cavity, and the cold water discharged from the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is discharged through the slow flow cavity, characterized in that: The diversion box further includes a flow-through cavity communicating with the flow-slowing cavity. An active member is provided between the flow-through cavity and the flow-slowing cavity, and the active member acts under the action of gravity to connect or隔断 the flow-through cavity and the flow-slowing cavity.

2. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion assembly further includes an impeller, and the impeller is located at a position corresponding to the orthographic projection of the water outlet in the flow-slowing cavity.

3. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impeller is fixedly or rotatably arranged at the center of the flow-slowing cavity. The impeller includes a hollow shaft and three-dimensional flow blades. The shaft side wall of the hollow shaft at the end far from the water outlet is provided with evenly spaced steering holes. The root profile of the three-dimensional flow blades extends in a cylindrical spiral shape along the outer wall surface of the hollow shaft. The tip profile of the three-dimensional flow blades is in an "ㄋ” shape, and the overall shape of the three-dimensional flow blades is an "h” shaped twisted surface that matches the steering holes.

4. The water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A drain port communicating with the flow-slowing cavity is provided on the diversion box. The diversion assembly further includes a baffle extending outward along one side of the diversion box, and the baffle is located above the drain port.

5. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-section of the baffle is in the shape of "一”, "⌒”, "∩”, "ㄇ”, "︹” or "Ω”.

6. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diversion assembly further includes a flipping member, and the flipping member is movably connected to the free end of the baffle. The flipping member flips under the action of gravity to block or expose the direction opposite to the drain port.

7. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the flipping member is in an L shape.

8. The water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 7, characterized in that: Buffer sheets are provided in the flow-slowing cavity, and the buffer sheets are arranged layer by layer at intervals along the circumferential direction of the orthographic projection of the water outlet.

9. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to claim 8, characterized in that: The buffer sheets are provided with reinforcing ribs, and the cross-section of the buffer sheets is at least one of the shapes of "十”, "T”, "宀”, "冖”, "山” or "屮”.

10. The water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5 to 7 and 9, characterized in that: The active member is rotatably installed in the diversion box through a pin shaft.

11. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater according to claim 10, characterized in that: The longitudinal cross section of the movable part is "b" shaped or type.

12. The water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5 to 7 and 9, characterized in that: The active member is slidably and obliquely installed in the diversion box, and a slot for the active member to extend out is further provided on the diversion box.

13. The water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5 to 7, 9 and 11, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe is joined to the flow-slowing cavity, and the flow-through cavity is further provided with dispersion holes arranged in an array. The dispersion holes are opened on the same side or the opposite side of the side where the water inlet pipe is joined to the flow-slowing cavity.

14. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater according to claim 13, characterized in that: The diversion assembly further includes a water inlet bushing, and the water inlet pipe is joined to the flow-slowing cavity through the water inlet bushing.

15. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to claim 14, characterized in that: The water inlet bushing extends outward from the bottom wall of the diversion box, and the bottom wall of the diversion box is further provided with water inlet ribbing surrounding the water inlet bushing.

16. The water inlet and outlet structure of a vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5 to 7, 9, 11, 14 and 15, characterized in that: An outlet pipe is further included. The diversion box is further provided with a relief notch for the outlet pipe to pass through, and the cross-section of the relief notch is at least one of the shapes of "O”, "U” or "︶”.

17. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to claim 16, characterized in that: The diversion assembly further includes an outlet bushing, and the outlet bushing extends outward from the bottom edge of the relief notch. The outlet pipe is inserted through the outlet bushing, and outlet ribbing surrounding the outlet bushing is further provided around the bottom edge of the relief notch.

18. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater according to claim 16, characterized in that: The outlet pipe extends at least partially in a curved manner, and the position of the water inlet of the outlet pipe is the highest starting point among the vertical lines drawn along the outlet pipe.

19. The water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal electric water heater according to claim 16, characterized in that: The deflector box comprises a top cover and a bottom plate which are buckled with each other, the top cover comprises a top plate and a side wall extending downward along the edge of the top plate, and the side wall is provided with a diversion notch at a position corresponding to the clearance notch.

20. An electric water heater, characterized in that: Use the water inlet and outlet structure of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose electric water heater described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

21. The electric water heater according to claim 20, characterized in that: It comprises an inner container with a through hole, and the flow guide component is fixed in the inner container through the through hole.

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