Electronic boarding pass verification method, system and device, medium and program product

By verifying the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass and the user's order information, the problem of verification of the authenticity of the electronic boarding pass is solved, ensuring the accuracy of the electronic boarding pass, and improving user experience and ticketing quality.

CN119884781APending Publication Date: 2025-04-25CTRIP TRAVEL NETWORK TECH SHANGHAI0
View PDF 0 Cites 0 Cited by

Patent Information

Application Number
CN202411960780.4
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-12-27
Publication Date
2025-04-25

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Verification of the authenticity of the electronic boarding pass has become an important security issue, which may cause users to be unable to board the plane normally and affect the user experience.

Method used

Before receiving the electronic boarding pass, verify whether its itinerary information matches the user's order information, extract and identify the itinerary information through the large language model, and perform verification. If it matches, the electronic boarding pass is displayed; otherwise, the electronic boarding pass is returned and the error message is corrected.

Benefits of technology

Ensure that the electronic boarding pass displayed to users is accurate and improve the quality of ticket issuance and user experience.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

Smart Images

  • Figure CN119884781A_ABST
    Figure CN119884781A_ABST
Patent Text Reader

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aviation services, and provides an electronic boarding pass verification method, system and device, a medium and a program product. The verification method of the electronic boarding pass comprises the following steps: in response to a received electronic boarding pass, extracting travel information of the electronic boarding pass; order placing information corresponding to the user information of the electronic boarding pass is obtained; checking whether the travel information is matched with the order placing information or not; if yes, displaying the electronic boarding pass to the client applying for the electronic boarding pass; and if not, returning the electronic boarding pass and the error information to the generation end of the electronic boarding pass. Before the electronic boarding pass is received and displayed to the user, whether the electronic boarding pass accords with the actual boarding information of the user is verified, it is ensured that the electronic boarding pass displayed to the user is accurate, and the ticket issuing quality and the user experience are improved.
Need to check novelty before this filing date? Find Prior Art

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aviation service technology, and in particular to a verification method, system, device, medium and program product of an electronic boarding pass. Background Art

[0002] With the development of mobile Internet, electronic boarding passes are becoming more and more popular, bringing convenience to users. However, the authenticity verification of electronic boarding passes has become an important security issue. Electronic boarding passes provided by suppliers, airlines, etc. may not match the user's actual boarding information, causing users to be unable to board normally, affecting user experience.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, system, device, medium and program product for verifying an electronic boarding pass, which verifies whether the electronic boarding pass is consistent with the user's actual boarding information before receiving the electronic boarding pass and showing it to the user, ensuring that the electronic boarding pass shown to the user is accurate, thereby improving the ticketing quality and user experience.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for verifying an electronic boarding pass, comprising: in response to a received electronic boarding pass, extracting travel information of the electronic boarding pass; obtaining order information corresponding to user information of the electronic boarding pass; verifying whether the travel information matches the order information; if so, displaying the electronic boarding pass to a client that applied for the electronic boarding pass; if not, returning the electronic boarding pass and error information to the end that generated the electronic boarding pass.

[0006] In some embodiments, extracting the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass includes: extracting the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass based on a large language model.

[0007] In some embodiments, before extracting the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass, it also includes: based on a large language model, identifying whether the electronic boarding pass is a temporary check-in credential or an electronic boarding pass; if it is a temporary check-in credential, prompting the client to exchange for a paper boarding pass; if it is an electronic boarding pass, extracting the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass.

[0008] In some embodiments, verifying whether the itinerary information matches the order information includes: verifying whether the passenger information, seat information, flight information and ticket number match the order information.

[0009] In some embodiments, the electronic boarding pass and error information are returned to the generator of the electronic boarding pass, including: recording the items in the itinerary information that do not match the order information as error information, and returning the electronic boarding pass and the error information to the generator of the electronic boarding pass.

[0010] In some embodiments, before the electronic boarding pass and error information are returned to the generating end of the electronic boarding pass, it also includes: manually performing a secondary check on the electronic boarding pass and the order information; if the secondary check passes, the electronic boarding pass is displayed to the client, and the verification model is optimized; if the secondary check fails, the electronic boarding pass and error information are returned to the generating end of the electronic boarding pass.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic boarding pass verification system for implementing the electronic boarding pass verification method as described in any of the above embodiments, the verification system comprising: an itinerary information extraction module for extracting the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass in response to a received electronic boarding pass; an order information acquisition module for acquiring order information corresponding to the user information of the electronic boarding pass; an itinerary information verification module for verifying whether the itinerary information matches the order information; if so, displaying the electronic boarding pass to the client that applied for the electronic boarding pass; if not, returning the electronic boarding pass and error information to the generator of the electronic boarding pass.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device, comprising: a processor; a memory, wherein the memory stores executable instructions; wherein when the executable instructions are executed by the processor, the electronic boarding pass verification method as described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium for storing a program, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, the electronic boarding pass verification method as described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the electronic boarding pass verification method as described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art include at least:

[0016] After receiving the electronic boarding pass and before displaying it to the user, the present invention verifies whether the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass matches the order information of the user, that is, whether the actual boarding information matches; if they match, the electronic boarding pass is pushed to ensure that the electronic boarding pass displayed to the user is accurate; if they do not match, the electronic boarding pass is returned and displayed to the user after the error in the itinerary information is corrected, thereby improving the ticket issuance quality and further improving the user experience.

[0017] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the steps of a method for verifying an electronic boarding pass in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the interaction between the user, the OTA platform, and the supplier during the electronic boarding pass verification process in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the entire process before and after the electronic boarding pass verification in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a module of an electronic boarding pass verification system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein. Instead, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0025] The accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and their repeated description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software form, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0026] In addition, the processes shown in the drawings are only exemplary and do not necessarily include all the steps. For example, some steps may be decomposed, some steps may be combined or partially combined, and the actual execution order may be changed according to the actual situation.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features in different embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0028] Figure 1 The main steps of the electronic boarding pass verification method in the embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the electronic boarding pass verification method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0029] S110, in response to the received electronic boarding pass, extracting the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass.

[0030] Electronic boarding passes are generated by suppliers, airlines, etc. based on user applications. After receiving the electronic boarding pass, OTA (online travel agency) extracts the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass for verification.

[0031] In some embodiments, the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass can be extracted based on a large language model. A large language model (LLM) refers to a deep learning model trained using a large amount of text data, which can better understand the meaning of language text. The LLM model has been pre-trained on large-scale text data. In the present invention, it is only necessary to fine-tune the LLM model in combination with the verification scenario of the electronic boarding pass. Compared with solutions based on text recognition plus keyword retrieval, the present invention extracts the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass based on a large language model and performs subsequent recognition. It can cope with the highly customized content format and file format of boarding passes of different airlines, as well as the changes in boarding passes of the same airline over time, and achieve high recognition accuracy and good maintainability.

[0032] In some embodiments, before extracting the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass, it may also include: based on the large language model, identifying whether the electronic boarding pass is a temporary check-in credential or an electronic boarding pass; if it is a temporary check-in credential, prompting the client to exchange for a paper boarding pass; if it is an electronic boarding pass, extracting the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass and entering the subsequent verification process.

[0033] S120, obtaining order information corresponding to the user information of the electronic boarding pass.

[0034] The user information of the electronic boarding pass is the passenger information.

[0035] S130, verifying whether the itinerary information matches the order information. Specifically, it may include: verifying whether the passenger information, seat information, flight information and ticket number match the order information.

[0036] S140: If yes, display the electronic boarding pass to the client who applied for the electronic boarding pass.

[0037] S150, if not, return the electronic boarding pass and the error information to the electronic boarding pass generator. Specifically, it may include: recording the items in the itinerary information that do not match the order information as error information, and returning the electronic boarding pass and the error information to the electronic boarding pass generator to notify the generator to correct the error information in the electronic boarding pass. The generator is the supplier or airline.

[0038] In some embodiments, before the electronic boarding pass and error information are returned to the electronic boarding pass generation end, it may also include: manually performing a secondary check on the electronic boarding pass and the order information; if the secondary check passes, the electronic boarding pass is displayed to the client, and the verification model, i.e., the LLM model, is optimized; if the secondary check fails, the electronic boarding pass and error information are returned to the electronic boarding pass generation end.

[0039] After receiving the electronic boarding pass and before displaying it to the user, the present invention verifies whether the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass matches the order information of the user, that is, whether the actual boarding information matches; if they match, the electronic boarding pass is pushed to ensure that the electronic boarding pass displayed to the user is accurate; if they do not match, the electronic boarding pass is returned and displayed to the user after the error in the itinerary information is corrected, thereby improving the ticket issuance quality and further improving the user experience.

[0040] Figure 2 This shows the interaction between the user, OTA platform, and supplier during the electronic boarding pass verification process. Figure 2As shown: User 210 initiates check-in to supplier 230 through OTA platform 220. Supplier 230 accepts the check-in request, generates an electronic boarding pass and pushes the electronic boarding pass after the check-in is successful. OTA platform 220 receives the electronic boarding pass and identifies and verifies the electronic boarding pass information. If the verification passes, the electronic boarding pass is displayed to the user; if the verification fails, an alarm notification is sent to supplier 230.

[0041] In this way, it is ensured that the electronic boarding pass displayed to the user is accurate, thereby improving the quality of ticket issuance and enhancing the user experience.

[0042] Figure 3 The whole process before and after the electronic boarding pass verification is shown. Figure 3 As shown: From the execution subject, it is divided into the electronic boarding pass verification service 310 of the OTA platform, customer service 320, APP (application) 330, and supplier 340. The boarding pass is uploaded by the supplier 340. The electronic boarding pass verification service 310 receives the boarding pass and enters the initial screening stage, that is, initiates an LLM inquiry to check the type of boarding pass. If it is a formal boarding pass, it enters the subsequent verification stage; if it is a temporary check-in credential, the user is prompted to exchange for a formal boarding pass through the APP (application) 330. During the verification stage, the electronic boarding pass verification service 310 uses the document information intelligent extraction technology of the LLM model to extract the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass and verify it. If the verification passes, the boarding pass is displayed through the APP (application) 330; if the verification fails, it is transferred to manual secondary verification. If the result of the second verification is an incorrect boarding pass, it will be returned to supplier 340 for replacement. If the result of the second verification finds that the previous verification failure was a misrecognition, the model will enter the continuous optimization stage, that is, the LLM model will be fine-tuned through prompt word engineering and machine learning technology to optimize the model and improve recognition accuracy.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic boarding pass verification system, which can be used to implement the electronic boarding pass verification method described in any of the above embodiments. The features and principles of the electronic boarding pass verification method described in any of the above embodiments can be applied to the following electronic boarding pass verification system embodiment. In the following verification system embodiment, the features and principles of the electronic boarding pass verification that have been explained will not be repeated.

[0044] Figure 4 The main modules of the electronic boarding pass verification system in the embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the electronic boarding pass verification system 400 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: an itinerary information extraction module 410, which is used to extract the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass in response to the received electronic boarding pass; an order information acquisition module 420, which is used to obtain the order information corresponding to the user information of the electronic boarding pass; an itinerary information verification module 430, which is used to verify whether the itinerary information matches the order information; if so, the electronic boarding pass is displayed to the client applying for the electronic boarding pass; if not, the electronic boarding pass and error information are returned to the generating end of the electronic boarding pass.

[0045] Furthermore, the electronic boarding pass verification system 400 may also include modules for implementing other process steps of the above-mentioned verification method embodiments. The specific principles of each module can refer to the description of the above-mentioned verification method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0046] The electronic boarding pass verification system of the present invention can achieve the following: after receiving the electronic boarding pass and before showing it to the user, verify whether the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass matches the order information of the user, that is, whether the actual boarding information matches; if they match, the electronic boarding pass is pushed to ensure that the electronic boarding pass shown to the user is accurate; if they do not match, the electronic boarding pass is returned and shown to the user after the error in the itinerary information is corrected, thereby improving the ticket issuance quality and further improving the user experience.

[0047] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, wherein executable instructions are stored in the memory, and when the executable instructions are executed by the processor, the electronic boarding pass verification method described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0048] The electronic device of the present invention can achieve the following: after receiving the electronic boarding pass and before showing it to the user, verify whether the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass matches the order information of the user, that is, whether the actual boarding information matches; if they match, push the electronic boarding pass to ensure that the electronic boarding pass shown to the user is accurate; if they do not match, return the electronic boarding pass, correct the errors in the itinerary information before showing it to the user, thereby improving the ticket issuance quality and further improving the user experience.

[0049] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that: Figure 5 The modules are only schematically shown, and these modules may be virtual software modules or actual hardware modules. The combination and splitting of these modules and the addition of other modules are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] like Figure 5As shown, the electronic device 600 is in the form of a general computing device. The components of the electronic device 600 include but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 610, at least one storage unit 620, a bus 630 connecting different platform components (including the storage unit 620 and the processing unit 610), a display unit 640, etc.

[0051] The storage unit 620 stores program codes, which can be executed by the processing unit 610, so that the processing unit 610 executes the steps of the electronic boarding pass verification method described in any of the above embodiments. For example, the processing unit 610 can execute the following steps: Figure 1 Steps shown.

[0052] The storage unit 620 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access memory unit (RAM) 6201 and / or a cache memory unit 6202 , and may further include a read-only memory unit (ROM) 6203 .

[0053] The storage unit 620 may also include a program / utility 6204 having one or more program modules 6205, such program modules 6205 including but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which or some combination may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0054] Bus 630 may represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory unit bus or memory unit controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.

[0055] The electronic device 600 can also communicate with one or more external devices, which can be one or more of a keyboard, a pointing device, a Bluetooth device, etc. These external devices enable the user to communicate interactively with the electronic device 600. The electronic device 600 can also communicate with one or more other computing devices, and the computer device shown includes a router and a modem. This communication can be performed through an input / output (I / O) interface 650. In addition, the electronic device 600 can also communicate with one or more networks (such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN) and / or a public network, such as the Internet) through a network adapter 660. The network adapter 660 can communicate with other modules of the electronic device 600 through a bus 630. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with the electronic device 600, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage platforms.

[0056] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a program, which, when executed, implements the electronic boarding pass verification method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0057] When the storage medium of the present invention is executed by a processor, it can achieve the following: after receiving the electronic boarding pass and before displaying it to the user, verify whether the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass matches the user's order information, that is, the actual boarding information; if they match, push the electronic boarding pass to ensure that the electronic boarding pass displayed to the user is accurate; if they do not match, return the electronic boarding pass, correct the errors in the itinerary information before displaying it to the user, thereby improving the ticket issuance quality and further improving the user experience.

[0058] The storage medium may be a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) and include program code, and may be run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer. However, the storage medium of the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that may be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0059] The storage medium may be any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, a system, device or device of electricity, magnetism, light, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of readable storage media include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0060] The readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, wherein a readable program code is carried. The data signal of this propagation may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. The readable signal medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium, which may send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, an apparatus, or a device or used in combination with it. The program code contained on the readable signal medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0061] Program code for performing the operations of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, as a separate software package, partially on the user computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In the case of a remote computing device, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device, such as through the Internet using an Internet service provider.

[0062] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the electronic boarding pass verification method described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0063] When the computer program product of the present invention is run on a terminal device, it can be achieved that: after receiving the electronic boarding pass and before displaying it to the user, the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass is verified to see whether it matches the user's order information, that is, the actual boarding information; if they match, the electronic boarding pass is pushed to ensure that the electronic boarding pass displayed to the user is accurate; if they do not match, the electronic boarding pass is returned and displayed to the user after the error in the itinerary information is corrected, thereby improving the ticket issuance quality and further improving the user experience.

[0064] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for verifying an electronic boarding pass, characterized in that: include: In response to the received electronic boarding pass, extracting itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass; Obtaining order information corresponding to the user information of the electronic boarding pass; Verify whether the itinerary information matches the order information; If yes, displaying the electronic boarding pass to the client that applied for the electronic boarding pass; If not, the electronic boarding pass and error information are returned to the generating end of the electronic boarding pass.

2. The verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Extract the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass, including: Based on the large language model, the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass is extracted.

3. The verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before extracting the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass, it also includes: Based on the large language model, identifying whether the electronic boarding pass is a temporary check-in credential or an electronic boarding pass; If it is a temporary check-in credential, the client is prompted to exchange it for a paper boarding pass; If it is an electronic boarding pass, the itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass is extracted.

4. The verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Verifying whether the itinerary information matches the order information includes: Verify whether the passenger information, seat information, flight information and ticket number match the order information.

5. The verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Returning the electronic boarding pass and the error information to the generating end of the electronic boarding pass includes: The items in the itinerary information that do not match the order information are recorded as error information, and the electronic boarding pass and the error information are returned to the generating end of the electronic boarding pass.

6. The verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before returning the electronic boarding pass and the error information to the generating end of the electronic boarding pass, the method further includes: The transferor manually conducts a secondary check on the electronic boarding pass and the order information; If the secondary verification is passed, the electronic boarding pass is displayed to the client, and the verification model is optimized; If the second check fails, the electronic boarding pass and error information will be returned to the generating end of the electronic boarding pass.

7. An electronic boarding pass verification system, used to implement the electronic boarding pass verification method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The verification system comprises: an itinerary information extraction module, for extracting itinerary information of the electronic boarding pass in response to the received electronic boarding pass; An order information acquisition module, used to acquire the order information corresponding to the user information of the electronic boarding pass; The itinerary information verification module is used to verify whether the itinerary information matches the order information; if so, the electronic boarding pass is displayed to the client that applied for the electronic boarding pass; if not, the electronic boarding pass and error information are returned to the generator of the electronic boarding pass.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; A memory, wherein executable instructions are stored in the memory; Wherein, when the executable instruction is executed by the processor, the electronic boarding pass verification method as described in any one of claims 1-6 is implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a program, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the electronic boarding pass verification method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the electronic boarding pass verification method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.