Ammonia energy storage integrated energy system

Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive energy system for ammonia energy storage. The comprehensive energy system comprises a power generation unit, a nitrogen generation unit, a water electrolysis unit, an ammonia generation unit, a combined heat and power generation unit and a coal-fired power generation unit. The power generation unit is used for providing electric energy for the system; the nitrogen generation unit is connected with the power generation unit and used for generating nitrogen; the water electrolysis unit is connected with the power generation unit and is used for performing a water electrolysis process to generate hydrogen and oxygen; the ammonia production unit is connected with the water electrolysis unit and the nitrogen production unit and used for synthesizing ammonia; the combined heat and power generation unit is connected with the ammonia production unit and suitable for pushing a gas turbine to operate to generate power through energy generated by combustion of ammonia gas, and waste heat is recycled to meet the heat load of a user. The coal-fired power generation unit is used for coal-fired power generation under the oxygen-enriched combustion condition and achieving carbon capture. According to the comprehensive energy system for ammonia energy storage provided by the invention, wind and light energy ammonia synthesis and energy storage can be realized, so that the thermoelectric load requirements of regions or parks are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to an integrated energy system for ammonia energy storage. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of the global economy, fossil energy consumption is rising year by year, leading to an increase in global carbon emissions. Therefore, promoting energy consumption transformation and increasing the penetration rate of renewable energy can promote global green and low-carbon development. However, with the increase in installed capacity of renewable energy, its volatility, intermittency, randomness and other characteristics have led to the phenomenon of abandoning wind and solar power. Therefore, energy storage technology has ushered in attention and development. At present, energy storage can be achieved through electricity to hydrogen, but hydrogen has problems such as low density, high cost in storage and transportation, large energy loss, and easy leakage. At the same time, ammonia, as a zero-carbon medium, has the characteristics of lower liquefaction conditions and more economical transportation and storage, so electricity to ammonia is considered to be a more economical energy storage method. However, energy storage alone is not enough. It is also necessary to provide energy to users in the stage of consuming energy storage media, so that the entire energy production, supply and marketing integrated energy system will be complete. Constructing a carbon-free integrated energy system with ammonia energy storage to meet the user's electric and thermal load is of great significance for my country to achieve its dual carbon goals. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides an integrated energy system of ammonia energy storage, which can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency, promote sustainable development, achieve multiple energy outputs, and has good economic performance.

[0004] The present invention provides an integrated energy system for ammonia energy storage, characterized in that it comprises:

[0005] A power generation unit, including a wind turbine generator set and a photovoltaic generator set, for providing electrical energy to the integrated energy system of ammonia energy storage;

[0006] A nitrogen production unit, connected to the power generation unit, for generating nitrogen;

[0007] A water electrolysis unit, connected to the power generation unit, for performing a water electrolysis process to generate hydrogen and oxygen;

[0008] an ammonia production unit, connected to the water electrolysis unit and the nitrogen production unit, and suitable for synthesizing ammonia using nitrogen and hydrogen;

[0009] The cogeneration unit is connected to the ammonia production unit, and is used to generate energy from the combustion of ammonia to drive the gas turbine to generate power to meet the user's electrical load, and to achieve cascade utilization of energy through waste heat recovery to meet the user's thermal load;

[0010] The coal-fired power generation unit is connected to the water electrolysis unit and is used to generate electricity by burning coal under oxygen-rich combustion conditions and produce high-concentration carbon dioxide.

[0011] The comprehensive energy system of ammonia energy storage provided by the present invention integrates a power generation unit, a nitrogen production unit, a water electrolysis unit, an ammonia production unit, a cogeneration unit, and a coal-fired power generation unit into an integrated system to achieve output of various forms of energy and improve economic performance. Specifically, the power generation unit includes a wind turbine and a photovoltaic generator, which are used to provide electric energy to the integrated energy system of ammonia energy storage. The nitrogen production unit is connected to the power generation unit and is used to generate nitrogen. The water electrolysis unit is connected to the power generation unit and is used to perform a water electrolysis process to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The ammonia production unit is connected to the water electrolysis unit and the nitrogen production unit and is suitable for synthesizing ammonia using nitrogen and hydrogen. The cogeneration unit is connected to the ammonia production unit and is suitable for using the energy generated by the combustion of ammonia to drive the gas turbine to generate power to meet the user's electrical load, and to achieve cascade utilization of energy through waste heat recovery to meet the user's thermal load. The coal-fired power generation unit is connected to the water electrolysis unit and is used to generate coal-fired electricity under oxygen-rich combustion conditions and produce high-concentration carbon dioxide. During the operation of the entire system, not only can energy reserves be realized, but also the various technologies of the system can be comprehensively utilized to produce carbon dioxide and sell it, providing electrical load and thermal load to a certain regional isolated grid park, realizing cascade utilization of energy, recycling and utilizing waste gas, improving energy penetration, and promoting sustainable development. Therefore, the integrated energy system using ammonia energy storage provided by the present invention can realize multiple energy outputs, achieve cascade utilization of energy, improve energy penetration, and promote sustainable development.

[0012] The power generation unit includes a wind power generator set and a photovoltaic generator set, which is used to provide electrical energy to the integrated energy system of ammonia energy storage;

[0013] The nitrogen production unit comprises an air compressor, a reactor, a gas-solid separator, and a reduction device connected in sequence. The air compressor is connected to the power generation unit. The air compressor is used to compress air and send it to the reactor to supplement the generation of nitrogen. Oxygen is consumed by the combustion reaction of iron powder and air in the reactor to leave nitrogen. The burned iron powder is separated from nitrogen in the gas-solid separator to output nitrogen. The reduction device is suitable for reducing the product of iron oxide after the combustion of iron powder into iron powder through hydrogen, and sending it back to the reactor for recycling;

[0014] The water electrolysis unit comprises an electrolytic cell and a water replenishing device, wherein the electrolytic cell is connected to the power generation unit and is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and the water replenishing device is connected to the electrolytic cell and is used to replenish water in the water electrolysis unit;

[0015] The ammonia production unit comprises a compressor, a synthetic ammonia reactor, a first cooler, and a second cooler. The compressor is connected to the water electrolysis unit and the nitrogen production unit, and is used to compress the hydrogen at the outlet of the water electrolysis unit and the nitrogen at the outlet of the nitrogen production unit. The synthetic ammonia reactor is connected to the compressor, and is used to convert nitrogen and hydrogen into ammonia. The first cooler is connected to the synthetic ammonia reactor, and is used to reduce the temperature of the synthesis gas at the outlet of the synthetic ammonia reactor so as to purify the liquid ammonia in the synthesis gas. The second cooler is connected to the first cooler, and is used to reduce the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the first cooler so as to further purify the liquid ammonia at the outlet of the first cooler. The liquid ammonia at the outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is transported to the ammonia storage tank.

[0016] The cogeneration unit includes an ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia pump, a heater, a gas turbine, a supplementary combustion device, a waste heat boiler, a first steam turbine, a first condenser, a circulating pump, a condensation separator, a first generator, and a second generator. The ammonia storage tank is connected to the ammonia production unit, and the ammonia storage tank is used to store liquid ammonia. The liquid ammonia pump is connected to the ammonia storage tank, and the liquid ammonia pump is used to transport liquid ammonia. The heater is connected to the liquid ammonia pump, and the heater is used to heat liquid ammonia to convert it into gaseous ammonia. The gas turbine is connected to the heater, and the gas turbine is used to burn ammonia. The energy generated drives the gas turbine to operate and generate power, and the gas turbine drives the first generator to supply power to the user. The supplementary combustion device is connected to the heater, and the supplementary combustion device is used to burn the gaseous ammonia from the heater with air to generate high-temperature flue gas. The waste heat boiler is connected to the gas turbine and the supplementary combustion device, and the waste heat boiler is used to exchange the heat of the high-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine and the outlet of the supplementary combustion device with water, and when the heat required by the user cannot be met, the required heat is supplemented by burning ammonia in the supplementary combustion device. heat, the first steam turbine is connected to the waste heat boiler, the first steam turbine is used to directly receive the steam generated by the waste heat boiler to drive the first steam turbine, and then drive the second generator, so as to provide electric energy for users, and extract a stream of steam from the first steam turbine to provide heat energy for users, the first condenser is connected to the first steam turbine, the first condenser is used to condense the steam at the outlet of the first steam turbine into liquid water, the circulating pump is connected to the first condenser, the circulating pump is used to transport the water at the outlet of the first condenser back to the waste heat boiler, the condensate separator is connected to the waste heat boiler, the condensate separator is used to separate the gas and water in the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler, the gas includes high-concentration nitrogen and low-concentration oxygen, and the gas is transported to the air compressor for recycling to produce nitrogen, the first generator is connected to the gas turbine, the first generator is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, so as to provide electrical energy for users, the second generator is connected to the first steam turbine, the second generator is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, so as to provide electrical energy for users;

[0017] The coal-fired power generation unit includes a coal-fired boiler, a second condenser, a second steam turbine, and a third generator. The coal-fired boiler is connected to the electrolyzer and is used to burn coal and oxygen from the electrolyzer to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor. The second condenser is connected to the coal-fired boiler and is used to condense the water vapor produced by coal burning into water to produce high-concentration carbon dioxide. The second steam turbine is connected to the coal-fired boiler and is used to directly receive the flue gas entering from the coal-fired boiler to drive the second steam turbine and further drive the third generator to provide electric energy for users and extract a stream of steam from the second steam turbine to provide thermal energy for users. The third generator is connected to the second steam turbine and is used to convert mechanical energy into electric energy to provide electric energy for users.

[0018] An iron-based ammonia synthesis catalyst is arranged in the ammonia synthesis reactor.

[0019] The present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention adopts a novel method to produce nitrogen. Iron powder reacts with air to consume oxygen to produce ferroferric oxide and nitrogen to produce nitrogen. The ferroferric oxide is then reduced to iron by hydrogen produced in the electrolytic cell to achieve iron circulation. Compared with the traditional air separation nitrogen production method, the nitrogen production method adopted in the present invention can achieve material recycling, reduce the cost of the nitrogen production unit, and thus reduce the cost of the entire system.

[0021] 2. The present invention adopts a method for utilizing waste gas. The main gases in the ammonia combustion products are nitrogen, water vapor and the remaining low-concentration oxygen. The waste heat boiler performs heat exchange with water to provide thermal energy for the user. However, after the heat exchange, the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler is discharged into the air in a general system. The present invention passes the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler into a condensation separator to achieve separation of water and gas. The main components of the gas are high-concentration (about 97%) nitrogen and low-concentration (about 3%) oxygen. The gas is passed into the air compressor of the nitrogen production unit. Compared with directly passing air into the air compressor to produce nitrogen, the work done by the air compressor can be reduced, thereby reducing the operating cost of the nitrogen production unit.

[0022] 3. The present invention can capture carbon dioxide. Oxygen is a by-product of hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The by-product oxygen of large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production is difficult to use on a large scale. In the present invention, coal is burned with oxygen from the electrolyzer to produce carbon dioxide and water, and high-concentration carbon dioxide is output after flue gas condensation, thereby capturing carbon dioxide, achieving zero carbon emissions, and improving the environmental and economic benefits of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will describe the appended materials required in the embodiments or the prior art description. Figure 1 As a brief introduction, it is obvious that the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these embodiments. However, other embodiments obtained without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the comprehensive energy system of ammonia energy storage provided by the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 100: power generation unit; 101: wind turbine generator set; 102: photovoltaic generator set.

[0027] 200: nitrogen production unit; 201: air compressor; 202: reactor; 203: gas-solid separator; 204: reduction device.

[0028] 300: water electrolysis unit; 301: electrolytic cell; 302: water replenishing device.

[0029] 400: ammonia production unit; 401: compressor; 402: synthetic ammonia reactor; 403: first cooler; 404: second cooler.

[0030] 500: cogeneration unit; 501: ammonia storage tank; 502: liquid ammonia pump; 503: heater; 504: gas turbine; 505: supplementary combustion device; 506: waste heat boiler; 507: first steam turbine; 508: first condenser; 509: circulation pump; 510: condensate separator; 511: first generator; 512: second generator.

[0031] 600: coal-fired power generation unit; 601: coal-fired boiler; 602: second condenser; 603: second steam turbine; 604: third generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated energy system for ammonia energy storage, including a power generation unit 100, a nitrogen production unit 200, a water electrolysis unit 300, an ammonia production unit 400, a cogeneration unit 500 and a coal-fired power generation unit 600. The power generation unit 100 is used to provide electric energy to the integrated energy system for ammonia energy storage; the nitrogen production unit 200 is connected to the power generation unit 100 for generating nitrogen; the water electrolysis unit 300 is connected to the power generation unit 100 for performing a water electrolysis process to generate hydrogen and oxygen; the ammonia production unit 400 is connected to the water electrolysis unit 200 and the nitrogen production unit 100, and is suitable for synthesizing ammonia using nitrogen and hydrogen; the cogeneration unit 500 is connected to the ammonia production unit 400, and is suitable for the energy generated by the combustion of ammonia to drive the gas turbine to generate power to meet the user's electrical load, and to achieve cascade utilization of energy through waste heat recovery to meet the user's thermal load; the coal-fired power generation unit 600 is connected to the water electrolysis unit 300, and is used to generate electricity by burning coal under oxygen-enriched combustion conditions and produce high-concentration carbon dioxide.

[0035] The integrated energy system for ammonia energy storage provided by the embodiment of the present invention integrates the power generation unit 100, the nitrogen production unit 200, the water electrolysis unit 300, the ammonia production unit 400, the cogeneration unit 500, and the coal-fired power generation unit 600 to set up an integrated system, thereby realizing the output of various forms of energy and improving economic performance. Specifically, the power generation unit 100 includes a wind power generation unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit, which are used to provide electrical energy to the integrated energy system for ammonia energy storage. The nitrogen production unit 200 is connected to the power generation unit 100 and is used to generate nitrogen. The water electrolysis unit 300 is connected to the power generation unit 100 and is used to perform a water electrolysis process to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The ammonia production unit 400 is connected to the water electrolysis unit 300 and the nitrogen production unit 200 and is suitable for synthesizing ammonia using nitrogen and hydrogen. The cogeneration unit 500 is connected to the ammonia production unit 400 and is suitable for using the energy generated by the combustion of ammonia to drive the operation of the gas turbine. Generate power to meet the user's electrical load, and realize the cascade utilization of energy through waste heat recovery to meet the user's thermal load. The coal-fired power generation unit 600 is connected to the water electrolysis unit 300, which is used to generate coal-fired power under oxygen-rich combustion conditions and produce high-concentration carbon dioxide. During the operation of the entire system, not only can energy reserves be realized, but also various technologies of the system can be comprehensively utilized to realize the capture of carbon dioxide, provide electrical load and thermal load to a certain regional isolated grid park, realize the cascade utilization of energy, recycle waste gas, improve energy penetration, and promote sustainable development. Therefore, the comprehensive energy system of ammonia energy storage provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize multiple energy outputs, realize the cascade utilization of energy, improve energy penetration, and promote sustainable development.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the power generation unit 100 includes a wind generator set 101 and a photovoltaic generator set 102. The wind generator set 101 generates electricity using wind energy, and the photovoltaic generator set 102 generates electricity using solar energy. Wind energy and solar energy are clean and renewable energy sources that can reduce carbon emissions.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen production unit 200 includes an air compressor 201, a reactor 202, a gas-solid separator 203, and a reduction device 204 connected in sequence. The air compressor 201 is connected to the power generation unit 100. The air compressor 201 is used to compress air and send it to the reactor 202 to supplement the generated nitrogen. The oxygen is consumed by the combustion reaction of iron powder and air in the reactor 202, and the remaining nitrogen is left. The burned iron powder is separated from the nitrogen in the gas-solid separator 203 to output the nitrogen. The reduction device 204 is suitable for reducing the product of iron oxide after the combustion of iron powder to iron powder through hydrogen, and sending it back to the reactor 202 for recycling;

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the water electrolysis unit 300 includes an electrolytic cell 301 and a water replenishing device 302, the electrolytic cell 302 is connected to the power generation unit 100, the electrolytic cell 302 is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and the water replenishing device 302 is connected to the electrolytic cell 301, and the water replenishing device 302 is used to replenish the water of the water electrolysis unit 300;

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the ammonia production unit 400 includes a compressor 401, a synthetic ammonia reactor 402, a first cooler 403, and a second cooler 404. The compressor 401 is connected to the water electrolysis unit 300 and the nitrogen production unit 200. The compressor 401 is used to compress the hydrogen at the outlet of the water electrolysis unit 300 and the nitrogen at the outlet of the nitrogen production unit 200. The synthetic ammonia reactor 402 is connected to the compressor 401. The synthetic ammonia reactor 402 is used to convert nitrogen and hydrogen into ammonia. The first cooler 403 is connected to the synthetic ammonia reactor 402. The first cooler 403 is used to reduce the temperature of the synthesis gas at the outlet of the synthetic ammonia reactor 402 to purify the liquid ammonia in the synthesis gas. The second cooler 404 is connected to the first cooler 403. The second cooler 404 is used to reduce the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the first cooler 403 to further purify the liquid ammonia at the outlet of the first cooler 403. The liquid ammonia at the outlets of the first cooler 403 and the second cooler 404 are transported to the ammonia storage tank 501.

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the cogeneration unit 500 includes an ammonia storage tank 501, a liquid ammonia pump 502, a heater 503, a gas turbine 504, a supplementary combustion device 505, a waste heat boiler 506, a first steam turbine 507, a first condenser 508, a circulating pump 509, a condensation separator 510, a first generator 511, and a second generator 512. The ammonia storage tank 501 is connected to the ammonia production unit 400, and the ammonia storage tank 501 is used to store liquid ammonia. The liquid ammonia pump 502 is connected to the ammonia storage tank 501, and the liquid ammonia pump 502 is used to transport liquid ammonia. The heater 503 is connected to the liquid ammonia pump 502, and the heater 503 is used to heat the liquid ammonia to convert it. The gas turbine 504 is connected to the heater 503. The gas turbine 504 is used to burn ammonia and the energy generated drives the gas turbine 504 to generate power. The gas turbine 504 drives the first generator 511 to provide power to the user. The supplementary combustion device 505 is connected to the heater 503. The supplementary combustion device 505 is used to burn the gaseous ammonia from the heater 503 with air to generate high-temperature flue gas. The waste heat boiler 506 is connected to the gas turbine 504 and the supplementary combustion device 505. The waste heat boiler 506 is used to exchange the heat of the high-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine 504 and the outlet of the supplementary combustion device 505 with water, and when the heat required by the user When the heat is insufficient, the required heat is supplemented by burning ammonia in the supplementary combustion device 505. The first steam turbine 507 is connected to the waste heat boiler 506. The first steam turbine 507 is used to directly receive the steam entering from the waste heat boiler 506 to drive the first steam turbine 507, and then drive the second generator 512 to provide electric energy for the user, and extract a stream of steam from the first steam turbine 507 to provide heat energy for the user. The first condenser 508 is connected to the first steam turbine 507. The first condenser 508 is used to condense the steam at the outlet of the first steam turbine 507 into liquid water. The circulating pump 509 is connected to the first condenser 508. The circulating pump 509 is used to condense the steam at the outlet of the first steam turbine 507 into liquid water. The water at the outlet of the condenser 508 is transported back to the waste heat boiler 506. The condenser separator 510 is connected to the waste heat boiler 506. The condenser separator 510 is used to separate the gas and water in the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler 506. The gas includes high-concentration nitrogen and low-concentration oxygen. The gas is transported to the air compressor 201 for recycling to produce nitrogen. The first generator 511 is connected to the gas turbine 504. The first generator 511 is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy so as to provide electrical energy for users. The second generator 512 is connected to the first steam turbine 507. The second generator 512 is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy so as to provide electrical energy for users.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coal-fired power generation unit 600 includes a coal-fired boiler 601, a second condenser 602, a second steam turbine 603, and a third generator 604. The coal-fired boiler 601 is connected to the electrolytic cell 301, and the coal-fired boiler 601 is used to burn coal and oxygen from the electrolytic cell 301 to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor. The second condenser 602 is connected to the coal-fired boiler 601, and the second condenser 602 is used to condense the water vapor produced by the coal into water to produce high-concentration carbon dioxide. The second steam turbine 603 is connected to the coal-fired boiler 601, and the second steam turbine 603 is used to directly receive the flue gas entering the coal-fired boiler 601 to drive the second steam turbine 603, and then drive the third generator 604, so as to provide electric energy for users, and extract a stream of steam from the second steam turbine 603 to provide thermal energy for users. The third generator 604 is connected to the second steam turbine 603, and the third generator 604 is used to convert mechanical energy into electric energy, so as to provide electric energy for users.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present invention, an iron-based catalyst is provided in the synthetic ammonia reactor 402. The iron-based catalyst exhibits high catalytic activity, thermal stability, anti-poisoning and economical characteristics in the synthetic ammonia, making it the preferred catalyst for industrial synthetic ammonia.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated energy system for ammonia energy storage, characterized in that: include: A power generation unit, including a wind turbine generator set and a photovoltaic generator set, for providing electrical energy to the integrated energy system of ammonia energy storage; A nitrogen production unit, connected to the power generation unit, for generating nitrogen; A water electrolysis unit, connected to the power generation unit, for performing a water electrolysis process to generate hydrogen and oxygen; an ammonia production unit, connected to the water electrolysis unit and the nitrogen production unit, and suitable for synthesizing ammonia using nitrogen and hydrogen; The cogeneration unit is connected to the ammonia production unit, and is suitable for using the energy generated by the combustion of ammonia to drive the gas turbine to generate power to meet the user's electrical load, and realizes the cascade utilization of energy through waste heat recovery to meet the user's thermal load; A coal-fired power generation unit connected to the water electrolysis unit is used to generate electricity by burning coal under oxygen-rich combustion conditions and produce high-concentration carbon dioxide; The nitrogen production unit comprises an air compressor, a reactor, a gas-solid separator, and a reduction device connected in sequence. The air compressor is connected to the power generation unit. The air compressor is used to compress air and send it to the reactor to supplement the generation of nitrogen. Oxygen is consumed by the combustion reaction of iron powder and air in the reactor to leave nitrogen. The burned iron powder is separated from nitrogen in the gas-solid separator to output nitrogen. The reduction device is used to reduce the iron oxide product after the iron powder is burned to iron powder through hydrogen, and send it back to the reactor for recycling. The water electrolysis unit comprises an electrolytic cell and a water replenishing device, wherein the electrolytic cell is connected to the power generation unit and is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and the water replenishing device is connected to the electrolytic cell and is used to replenish water in the water electrolysis unit; The ammonia production unit comprises a compressor, a synthetic ammonia reactor, a first cooler, and a second cooler. The compressor is connected to the water electrolysis unit and the nitrogen production unit, and is used to compress the hydrogen at the outlet of the water electrolysis unit and the nitrogen at the outlet of the nitrogen production unit. The synthetic ammonia reactor is connected to the compressor, and is used to convert nitrogen and hydrogen into ammonia. The first cooler is connected to the synthetic ammonia reactor, and is used to reduce the temperature of the synthesis gas at the outlet of the synthetic ammonia reactor so as to purify the liquid ammonia in the synthesis gas. The second cooler is connected to the first cooler, and is used to reduce the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the first cooler so as to further purify the liquid ammonia at the outlet of the first cooler. The liquid ammonia at the outlets of the first cooler and the second cooler is transported to the ammonia storage tank. The cogeneration unit includes an ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia pump, a heater, a gas turbine, a supplementary combustion device, a waste heat boiler, a first steam turbine, a first condenser, a circulating pump, a condensation separator, a first generator, and a second generator. The ammonia storage tank is connected to the ammonia production unit, and the ammonia storage tank is used to store liquid ammonia. The liquid ammonia pump is connected to the ammonia storage tank, and the liquid ammonia pump is used to transport liquid ammonia. The heater is connected to the liquid ammonia pump, and the heater is used to heat liquid ammonia to convert it into gaseous ammonia. The gas turbine is connected to the heater, and the gas turbine is used to burn ammonia and the energy generated drives the gas turbine to operate and generate power. The gas turbine drives the first generator to supply power to the user. The supplementary combustion device is connected to the heater, and the supplementary combustion device is used to burn the gaseous ammonia from the heater with air to generate high-temperature flue gas. The waste heat boiler is connected to the gas turbine and the supplementary combustion device, and the waste heat boiler is used to burn the gaseous ammonia from the heater with air to generate high-temperature flue gas. The heat of the high-temperature flue gas at the outlet is heat-exchanged with water, and when the heat required by the user is insufficient, the required heat is supplemented by burning ammonia in the supplementary combustion device. The first steam turbine is connected to the waste heat boiler. The first steam turbine is used to directly receive the steam entering from the waste heat boiler to drive the first steam turbine, and then drive the second generator to provide electric energy for the user, and extract a stream of steam from the first steam turbine to provide thermal energy for the user. The first condenser is connected to the first steam turbine. The first condenser is used to condense the steam at the outlet of the first steam turbine into liquid water. The circulating pump is connected to the first condenser. The circulating pump is used to transport the water at the outlet of the first condenser back to the waste heat boiler. The condensate separator is connected to the waste heat boiler. The condensate separator is used to separate the gas and water in the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler. The gas includes high-concentration nitrogen and low-concentration oxygen. The gas is transported to the air compressor for recycling to produce nitrogen.

2. The coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a coal-fired boiler, a second condenser, a second steam turbine and a third generator. The coal-fired boiler is connected to the electrolytic cell and is used for burning coal with oxygen from the electrolytic cell to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor. The second condenser is connected to the coal-fired boiler and is used for condensing the water vapor produced by burning coal into water to produce high-concentration carbon dioxide. The second steam turbine is connected to the coal-fired boiler and is used for directly receiving the steam produced by the coal-fired boiler to drive the second steam turbine, thereby driving the third generator to provide electric energy for users, and extracting a stream of steam from the second steam turbine to provide thermal energy for users.

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