Electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection, relates to the field of lightning detection and positioning, and aims to solve the problems that a monopole antenna is high in grounding requirement, weak in anti-interference capability, high in false alarm probability and the like. The amplifier carries out differential amplification on signals of the induction antenna and the reference antenna and then outputs the signals to an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) circuit; and digital signals output by the ADC are output to a computer or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) for further processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of lightning detection and positioning, and in particular to an electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection. Background Art

[0002] Lightning detection and location play an important role in lightning warning, disaster prevention, meteorological research and other fields, and are gradually gaining attention from all countries. Antennas are sensors for lightning detection, an important hardware foundation for lightning detection, and one of the core technologies for lightning detection.

[0003] The antenna usually used for lightning detection is a monopole antenna made of a 30-50cm long copper rod, which uses a broadband operational amplifier as a preamplifier and a bandpass filter as a preprocessor of the data acquisition system. The principle of the monopole antenna requires that the circuit has an ideal grounding measure, otherwise there will be noise. However, in reality, ideal grounding is difficult to achieve, because in actual construction, various situations may be encountered, such as mountainous areas, which may make the grounding less than ideal, and even dirty ground (dirty ground refers to grounding with a lot of noise).

[0004] The monopole antenna used in the prior art has problems such as high noise and weak anti-interference ability, resulting in high false trigger rate. In addition to poor grounding, the monopole antenna is in the atmospheric electric field, and this solution detects all fluctuations in the atmospheric electric field as lightning signals, which are susceptible to interference from surrounding arcs, sparks generated by car ignition, etc., and the zero-pole configuration of the multi-stage active filter is relatively complex, which makes the filter unstable due to excessive gain, feedback, nonlinearity, etc., and produces critical oscillation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection, comprising:

[0006] A detection antenna is arranged on the support, wherein the sensing end of the detection antenna is located at an end of the detection antenna away from the support;

[0007] An electromagnetic coil is arranged on one end of the detection antenna away from the support member;

[0008] an amplifier, connected to the detection antenna through the support, the amplifier connected to the electromagnetic coil, and the amplifier differentially amplifies the signals of the detection antenna and the electromagnetic coil;

[0009] The conversion circuit is electrically connected to the amplifier, and the conversion circuit performs signal conversion on the amplified signal.

[0010] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the detection antenna includes a sensing antenna and a reference antenna, the support member is a first support pipe and a second support pipe, the first support pipe and the second support pipe are relatively vertically arranged and the first support pipe is located at the top of the second support pipe, the sensing antenna is connected to one end of the first support pipe away from the second support pipe, and the reference antenna is connected to one end of the second support pipe away from the first support pipe;

[0011] The first supporting pipe is detachably connected to the sensing antenna, the second supporting pipe is detachably connected to the reference antenna, and the amplifier is connected to the sensing antenna through the first supporting pipe and to the reference antenna through the second supporting pipe.

[0012] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the support member is a support base block, the support base block is provided with a receiving cavity, and the amplifier is arranged in the receiving cavity;

[0013] A first docking piece is provided on the support base block at positions corresponding to the sensing antenna and the reference antenna, and a second docking block is provided on the sensing antenna and the reference antenna at positions corresponding to the first docking piece, and the first docking piece is connected to the second docking piece so that the sensing antenna and the reference antenna are connected to the support base block;

[0014] Wherein, the first docking member is electrically connected to the second docking member, and the first docking member is electrically connected to the amplifier, so that the sensing antenna and the reference antenna are both connected to the amplifier;

[0015] The supporting base block is also provided with a third docking piece, the third docking piece is connected with a hollow bracket, and the hollow bracket is connected with the accommodating cavity, so that the amplifier is connected with the conversion circuit through the hollow bracket.

[0016] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the electromagnetic coil includes a support block, a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna and the second antenna are installed through the support block, and the first antenna and the second antenna are installed perpendicular to each other on the support block;

[0017] The supporting block is connected to the detection antenna.

[0018] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, two of the amplifier and the conversion circuit are respectively provided, one of the amplifier and the conversion circuit is connected to the first antenna; and the other of the amplifier and the conversion circuit is connected to the second antenna;

[0019] The amplifier and the conversion circuit corresponding to the first antenna are independent of the amplifier and the conversion circuit corresponding to the second antenna.

[0020] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the first docking member is a docking groove, the inner ring of the docking groove is provided with threads, the second docking member is a docking block, the upper ring of the docking block is provided with threads, and the radius of the docking block is equal to the radius of the docking groove;

[0021] The third docking member is a fixing groove, and the fixing groove fixes the hollow bracket.

[0022] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the supporting member is a supporting column, a sensing area and a reference area are defined in the supporting column, a sensing antenna is disposed in the sensing area, a reference antenna is disposed in the reference area, an amplifier circuit board is disposed in the supporting column, and the amplifier circuit board is connected to the sensing antenna and the reference antenna.

[0023] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a voltage follower is further included, wherein the voltage follower is located between the amplifier and the conversion circuit, and the voltage follower is electrically connected to the amplifier and the conversion circuit.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, an induction antenna, a reference antenna and an electromagnetic coil are provided. During the lightning detection process, an amplifier is used to perform operational amplification. Compared with only one induction antenna, the problems of a monopole antenna having high grounding requirements, weak anti-interference capability and high false alarm probability can be avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electromagnetic composite antenna provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electromagnetic coil provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electromagnetic composite antenna provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electromagnetic composite antenna provided in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electromagnetic composite antenna provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the electromagnetic composite antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 100, sensing antenna; 200, reference antenna; 300, amplifier; 310, amplifier circuit board; 400, conversion circuit; 500, support member; 510, first supporting pipe; 520, second supporting pipe; 530, supporting base block; 531, accommodating cavity; 532, first docking member; 533, third docking member; 540, supporting column; 541, sensing area; 542, reference area; 600, second docking member; 700, hollow bracket; 800, detection antenna; 900, electromagnetic coil; 910, first antenna; 920, second antenna; 1000, coil fixing member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application. It is understood that the drawings are only provided for reference and illustration, and are not used to limit the present application. The connection relationship shown in the drawings is only for the convenience of clear description and does not limit the connection method.

[0035] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, a dipole antenna for lightning detection is provided, which mainly performs comprehensive detection through two devices, the sensing antenna 100 and the reference antenna 200 on the detection antenna 800, which is specifically:

[0036] The sensing antenna 100 and the reference antenna 200 are arranged on the support member 500. Through the supporting effect of the support member 500, the sensing end of the sensing antenna 100 is set at the top position of the support member 500, and the sensing end thereof is directed toward the sky, and the sensing end of the reference antenna 200 is set at the bottom position of the support member 500, and the sensing end thereof is directed toward the ground.

[0037] In the present application, the direction of the reference antenna 200 can be preferably selected as any side position on the support 500 facing the ground, and further, without affecting the test effect, the setting direction of the reference antenna 200 can be in multiple directions, not just limited to the direction facing the ground.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, an amplifier 300 is further provided. The amplifier 300 is connected to the sensing antenna 100 and the reference antenna 200 through the support member 500, so that the signals of the sensing antenna 100 and the reference antenna 200 are transmitted to the amplifier 300. The signal amplification function of the amplifier 300 is used to achieve a very high common-mode interference suppression ratio. In the embodiment of the present application, the amplifier 300 is a differential amplifier with an amplification ratio of 10, which can amplify the signal in proportion to better observe and detect the signal strength.

[0039] In the above, the amplification ratio of the amplifier 300 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0040] The amplified signal can be directly transmitted to a dual-terminal differential analog-to-digital conversion circuit 400 (ADC), which converts the analog signal into a digital signal for easy observation.

[0041] In the above, an electromagnetic coil 900 is further provided in the embodiment of the present application. The electromagnetic coil 900 is installed in conjunction with the detection antenna 800 to suppress high-frequency interference signals of the sensing antenna 100 and the reference antenna 200, thereby improving the lightning signal sensing sensitivity.

[0042] Based on the above structure, four embodiments are provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0043] First embodiment:

[0044] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, on the support member 500, the support member 500 includes a first support pipe 510 and a second support pipe 520, the first support pipe 510 and the second support pipe 520 are both vertically arranged relative to the ground, and the first support pipe 510 is located above the second support pipe 520, and the first support pipe 510 and the second support pipe 520 are separately arranged, and an induction antenna 100 is arranged at one end of the first support pipe 510 away from the second support pipe 520, and a reference antenna 200 is arranged at one end of the second support pipe 520 away from the first support pipe 510, and the first support pipe 510 is located above the top of the second support pipe 520.

[0045] In this structure, the first supporting pipe 510 is detachably connected to the sensing antenna 100 through threads, and the first supporting pipe 510 is a copper tube with a diameter of 12 mm, a length of 50 cm, and a wall thickness of 3 mm. An external thread is provided at one end of the copper tube, and a 10 mm nut is provided to fix the sensing antenna 100.

[0046] The second supporting pipe 520 is similarly used with the same material and in the same manner to fix the reference antenna 200 .

[0047] Meanwhile, during the connection between the first support pipe 510 and the sensing antenna 100 and the connection between the second support pipe 520 and the reference antenna 200, the connection parts are isolated and fixed by insulating materials to prevent the first support pipe 510 and the second support pipe 520 from affecting antenna detection.

[0048] Further, the sensing antenna 100 is connected to the amplifier 300 via a first supporting pipe 510 , and the reference antenna 200 is connected to the amplifier 300 via a second supporting pipe 520 .

[0049] An electromagnetic coil 900 is provided at an end position of the sensing antenna 100 away from the reference antenna 200. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, a coil fixing part 1000 is provided at the end position of the sensing antenna 100, and an electromagnetic coil 900 is provided in the coil fixing part 1000. The electromagnetic coil 900 includes a first antenna 910 and a second antenna 920. The first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920 are arranged perpendicular to each other in the coil fixing part 1000, so as to facilitate signal shielding of the sensing antenna 100 and improve the lightning signal sensing sensitivity.

[0050] Among them, the first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920 both generate electromagnetic fields by energizing, and shield the environment around the sensing antenna 100 to a certain extent. The shielding mainly suppresses high-frequency signals to a certain extent, so that the sensing antenna 100 can better receive lightning signals.

[0051] In the above description, the first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920 are both connected to the amplifier 300 , so that the first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920 are both powered on, so as to facilitate the operation of the first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920 .

[0052] In the present application, preferably, the electromagnetic coil 900 can be directly connected to a power source so that the electromagnetic coil 900 can work normally.

[0053] Similarly, a corresponding electromagnetic coil 900 is also provided on the reference antenna 200 .

[0054] Second embodiment:

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the support member 500 is configured as a support base block 530, and a receiving cavity 531 is provided inside the support base block 530. The amplifier 300 is installed in the receiving cavity 531. In this structure, the amplifier 300 is a preamplifier 300 to achieve a preamplification effect.

[0056] On the supporting base block 530, a first docking piece 532 is provided at the position corresponding to the sensing antenna 100 and the reference antenna 200, wherein a second docking piece 600 is provided at the position corresponding to the first docking piece 532 on the sensing antenna 100, and a second docking piece 600 is provided at the position corresponding to the first docking piece 532 on the reference antenna 200, so that the sensing antenna 100 and the reference antenna 200 are both installed on the supporting base block 530 by docking the first docking piece 532 and the second docking piece 600.

[0057] In the above description, the first docking member 532 is electrically connected to the second docking member 600 .

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the first docking member 532 is a docking groove, and the second docking member 600 is a docking block. Threads are provided inside the docking groove and on the outer ring of the docking block, and the radii of the docking groove and the docking block are equal, so that the docking block can be connected to the docking groove.

[0059] In the present application, both the docking block and the docking groove are electrically connected to the amplifier 300 , so that both the sensing antenna 100 and the reference antenna 200 are connected to the amplifier 300 .

[0060] A third docking piece 533 is also provided on the above-mentioned support base block 530, and the third docking piece 533 is electrically connected to the amplifier 300. A hollow bracket 700 is connected to the third docking piece 533. The hollow bracket 700 is installed on the support base block 530 through the third docking piece 533, and the hollow bracket 700 is connected to the accommodating cavity 531, so that the amplifier 300 in the accommodating cavity 531 is connected to the conversion circuit 400 through the hollow bracket 700.

[0061] In this embodiment, the third docking member 533 is a fixing groove, and the hollow bracket 700 is connected to the supporting base block 530 via the fixing groove.

[0062] On the basis of the above structure, an electromagnetic coil 900 is provided on both the reference antenna 200 and the sensing antenna 100, a first antenna 910 is provided on the reference antenna 200, and a second antenna 920 is provided on the sensing antenna 100, or a second antenna 920 is provided on the reference antenna 200, and a first antenna 910 is provided on the sensing antenna 100.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, there is no essential difference between the first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920, so that an electromagnetic coil 900 is arbitrarily mounted on the reference antenna 200 and the sensing antenna 100. The electromagnetic coil 900 also performs high-frequency suppression on the reference antenna 200 and the sensing antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Third embodiment:

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, the support member 500 is configured as a support column 540, which is in the shape of a cylinder, and a sensing area 541 and a reference area 542 are opened at both ends of the support column 540, and the interior is divided by a partition to separate the sensing area 541 and the reference area 542 to avoid mutual influence between the sensing antenna 100 and the reference antenna 200.

[0066] In the third embodiment of the present application, preferably, the sensing module and the reference module can also be directly installed on the support member 500, the sensing module is provided with a sensing antenna 100, and the reference module is provided with a reference antenna 200, so as to achieve the effect of separation.

[0067] In the sensing area 541, a plurality of sensing antennas 100 are provided, and the plurality of sensing antennas 100 are arranged parallel to each other. In the embodiment of the present application, in order to improve the detection effect, two sensing antennas 100 are provided, and the two sensing antennas 100 are arranged parallel to each other. Accordingly, a plurality of reference antennas 200 are provided, and the plurality of reference antennas 200 are arranged parallel to each other. In the embodiment of the present application, two reference antennas 200 are provided, and the two reference antennas 200 are arranged parallel to each other.

[0068] In particular, only one sensing antenna 100 and one reference antenna 200 may be disposed in the sensing area 541 and the reference area 542 .

[0069] On the basis of the above structure, an amplifier circuit board 310 is further provided in the third embodiment of the present application. The amplifier circuit board 310 is arranged inside the support column 540, and the amplifier circuit board 310 is equivalent to the function of the amplifier 300 to amplify and enhance the signal.

[0070] A differential preamplifier 300 is disposed on the amplifier circuit board 310 .

[0071] A hollow bracket 700 is also provided on the support column 540 , and the hollow bracket 700 is connected to the support column 540 . The connection method is the same as the connection method of the hollow bracket 700 in the second embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0072] On the support column 540, the support column 540 itself can be arranged as an electromagnetic coil 900, specifically:

[0073] Electromagnetic coils 900 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the support column 540, and the two induction antennas 100 and the reference antenna 200 are respectively arranged inside the electromagnetic coils 900 at the upper and lower ends of the support column 540, so that the electromagnetic coils 900 respectively enclose a sensing area 541 and a reference area 542 to facilitate high-frequency suppression of the reference antenna 200 and the sensing antenna 100.

[0074] Fourth embodiment:

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, a detection antenna 800 is arranged on the support member 500, and a coil fixing member 1000 is arranged at a position of the detection antenna 800 away from one end of the support member 500, and an electromagnetic coil 900 is arranged in the coil fixing member 1000. The electromagnetic coil 900 mainly includes a first antenna 910 and a second antenna 920. The first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920 are both supported by a support block. The support block is installed on the detection antenna 800, so that the electromagnetic coil 900 performs high-frequency shielding on the detection antenna 800 to improve the detection sensitivity.

[0076] In the above description, the detection antenna 800 is the induction antenna 100 , and the installation of the reference antenna 200 can be reduced through the shielding effect of the electromagnetic coil 900 .

[0077] In the above, the first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920 on the electromagnetic coil 900 are arranged as shown in the figure. The first antenna 910 and the second antenna 920 can be arranged in a matrix or in a ring coil.

[0078] In the electromagnetic coil 900, the electromagnetic coil 900 may also be provided with an installed electromagnetic rod for shielding, specifically:

[0079] The electromagnetic coil 900 is specifically two electromagnetic rods, which are arranged perpendicular to each other and are both connected to the amplifier 300. When the amplifier 300 is energized, the electromagnetic rods are charged, thereby generating a shielding magnetic field to shield the high-frequency signal accordingly. The two electromagnetic rods are installed at the end position of the detection antenna 800.

[0080] In summary, based on the above-mentioned first embodiment, second embodiment, third embodiment and fourth embodiment, as Figure 6As shown, the structure of the present application is also provided with a voltage follower U2-8, which is located between the amplifier 300 and the conversion circuit 400, and is used for impedance matching with the subsequent circuit. In the figure, the A terminal is connected to the sensing antenna 100, the B terminal is connected to the reference antenna 200, the operational amplifier U2-A is used for differential amplification, and has a very high common mode interference suppression ratio, and U2-B is in the form of a voltage follower, which is used for impedance matching with the subsequent circuit.

[0081] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection, characterized in that: include: A detection antenna is arranged on the support, wherein the sensing end of the detection antenna is located at an end of the detection antenna away from the support; An electromagnetic coil, arranged on the detection antenna; an amplifier, connected to the detection antenna through the support, the amplifier connected to the electromagnetic coil, and the amplifier differentially amplifies the signals of the detection antenna and the electromagnetic coil; The conversion circuit is electrically connected to the amplifier, and the conversion circuit performs signal conversion on the amplified signal.

2. The electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection antenna includes a sensing antenna and a reference antenna, the support member is a first supporting pipe and a second supporting pipe, the first supporting pipe and the second supporting pipe are arranged relatively parallel and vertically, and the first supporting pipe is located at the top of the second supporting pipe, the sensing antenna is connected to one end of the first supporting pipe away from the second supporting pipe, and the reference antenna is connected to one end of the second supporting pipe away from the first supporting pipe; The first supporting pipe is detachably connected to the sensing antenna, the second supporting pipe is detachably connected to the reference antenna, and the amplifier is connected to the sensing antenna through the first supporting pipe and to the reference antenna through the second supporting pipe.

3. The electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support member is a support base block, the support base block is provided with a receiving cavity, and the amplifier is arranged in the receiving cavity; A first docking piece is provided on the support base block at positions corresponding to the sensing antenna and the reference antenna, and a second docking block is provided on the sensing antenna and the reference antenna at positions corresponding to the first docking piece, and the first docking piece is connected to the second docking piece so that the sensing antenna and the reference antenna are connected to the support base block; Wherein, the first docking member is electrically connected to the second docking member, and the first docking member is electrically connected to the amplifier, so that the sensing antenna and the reference antenna are both connected to the amplifier; The supporting base block is also provided with a third docking piece, the third docking piece is connected with a hollow bracket, and the hollow bracket is connected with the accommodating cavity, so that the amplifier is connected to the conversion circuit through the hollow bracket.

4. The electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil includes a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna and the second antenna are installed through the support member, and the first antenna and the second antenna are installed perpendicular to each other on the support member; The support member is connected to the detection antenna; The first antenna and the second antenna are rotatably connected on the support member, so that the first antenna and the second antenna rotate perpendicularly to each other.

5. The electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The amplifier and the conversion circuit are respectively provided with two, one of the amplifier and the conversion circuit is connected to the first antenna; the other amplifier and the conversion circuit is connected to the second antenna; The amplifier and the conversion circuit corresponding to the first antenna are independent of the amplifier and the conversion circuit corresponding to the second antenna.

6. The electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first docking member is a docking groove, the inner ring of which is provided with threads, and the second docking member is a docking block, the upper ring of which is provided with threads, and the radius of the docking block is equal to the radius of the docking groove; The third docking member is a fixing groove, and the fixing groove fixes the hollow bracket.

7. The electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support member is a support column, in which a sensing area and a reference area are provided, in which a sensing antenna is provided, in which a reference antenna is provided, in which a reference antenna is provided, and in which an amplifier circuit board is provided in the support column, and the amplifier circuit board is connected to the sensing antenna and the reference antenna.

8. The electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A voltage follower is also included. The voltage follower is located between the amplifier and the conversion circuit, and the voltage follower is electrically connected to the amplifier and the conversion circuit.

9. The electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first supporting pipe and the second supporting pipe are both copper pipes.

10. The electromagnetic composite antenna for lightning detection according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first supporting pipe is connected to the sensing antenna via an insulating material, and the second supporting pipe is connected to the reference antenna via an insulating material.

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